US20230135967A1 - Refrigeration device - Google Patents

Refrigeration device Download PDF

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Publication number
US20230135967A1
US20230135967A1 US18/088,991 US202218088991A US2023135967A1 US 20230135967 A1 US20230135967 A1 US 20230135967A1 US 202218088991 A US202218088991 A US 202218088991A US 2023135967 A1 US2023135967 A1 US 2023135967A1
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Prior art keywords
heat
user
source
refrigerant
side refrigerant
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US18/088,991
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English (en)
Inventor
Shun OHKUBO
Tatsumi Tsuchiya
Tsubasa NAKAUE
Takurou Yamada
Satoshi Tokuno
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Daikin Industries Ltd
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Daikin Industries Ltd
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Assigned to DAIKIN INDUSTRIES, LTD. reassignment DAIKIN INDUSTRIES, LTD. EMPLOYEE AGREEMENT-OBLIGATION TO ASSIGN Assignors: OHKUBO, Shun
Assigned to DAIKIN INDUSTRIES, LTD. reassignment DAIKIN INDUSTRIES, LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: NAKAUE, Tsubasa, TOKUNO, SATOSHI, TSUCHIYA, TATSUMI, YAMADA, TAKUROU
Publication of US20230135967A1 publication Critical patent/US20230135967A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/10—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point with several cooling stages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B7/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/12—Inflammable refrigerants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/12—Inflammable refrigerants
    • F25B2400/121—Inflammable refrigerants using R1234
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/02—Compressor control
    • F25B2600/025—Compressor control by controlling speed
    • F25B2600/0253—Compressor control by controlling speed with variable speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
    • F25B2700/1933—Suction pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
    • F25B2700/21152—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the discharge side of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2116—Temperatures of a condenser
    • F25B2700/21163—Temperatures of a condenser of the refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a refrigeration apparatus.
  • Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 Two-stage refrigeration apparatuses, which include a two-stage refrigerant cycle composed of a user-side heat transfer cycle and a heat-source-side heat transfer cycle, have been proposed (Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2).
  • a refrigeration apparatus comprising:
  • the present disclosure provides a novel multi-stage refrigeration apparatus that allows the safe use of a refrigerant with a low boiling point, high pressure, high density, and high refrigerating capacity.
  • FIG. 1 is a view for illustrating a configuration of the refrigeration apparatus of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a view for illustrating a configuration of the refrigeration apparatus of the present disclosure.
  • the refrigeration apparatus of the present disclosure comprises:
  • the heat source side refers to the outdoor unit side and is also referred to as “the high-stage side,” “the high-temperature side,” or “the primary side.” From the viewpoint of improving performance, it is preferable to use a refrigerant with excellent refrigerant characteristics on the heat source side.
  • the user side refers to the indoor unit side and is also referred to as “the low-stage side,” “the load side,” “the low-temperature side,” or “the secondary side.” From the viewpoint of cooling people and objects directly, it is preferable to use a highly safe refrigerant on the user side.
  • the refrigeration apparatus of the present disclosure is a multi-stage refrigeration apparatus that comprises at least a two-stage heat transfer cycle including a user-side heat transfer cycle (load-side heat medium circuit) and a heat-source-side heat medium circuit.
  • the refrigeration apparatus of the present disclosure may comprise three or more heat transfer cycles.
  • the cascade heat exchanger includes a heat-source-side cascade heat exchanger and a user-side cascade heat exchanger, and performs heat exchange. Specifically, in cooling operation, the refrigerant condenses in the user-side cascade heat exchanger, and the refrigerant evaporates in the heat-source-side cascade heat exchanger; thus, heat is transferred from the user side to the heat source side.
  • the user-side heat transfer cycle circulates the user-side refrigerant.
  • the user-side heat transfer cycle may be a vapor compression refrigeration cycle.
  • the user-side refrigeration cycle that is a vapor compression refrigeration cycle includes a user-side compressor, a user-side heat exchanger, a user-side pressure-reducing device, and a user-side cascade heat exchanger.
  • the user-side heat transfer cycle may also be a pump heat transfer cycle.
  • the user-side heat transfer cycle that is a pump heat transfer cycle includes a pump, a user-side heat exchanger, and a user-side cascade heat exchanger.
  • an expansion valve 13 or the like can be used as the user-side pressure-reducing device.
  • another pressure-reducing device such as a capillary tube, can be used as the user-side pressure-reducing device.
  • the user-side heat exchanger can also be used as a cold source.
  • a liquid receiver 15 may be provided in a pipe communicating between a user-side cascade heat exchanger 12 and the user-side expansion valve 13 , as shown in, for example, FIG. 2 .
  • the user-side heat transfer cycle includes a user-side high-pressure detection means for detecting the high pressure of the user-side heat transfer cycle and a user-side low-pressure detection means for detecting the low pressure of the user-side heat transfer cycle. It is also preferred that the user-side heat transfer cycle includes a user-side discharge temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the user-side refrigerant discharged from the user-side compressor.
  • the user-side high-pressure detection means and the user-side low-pressure detection means are means for substantially detecting pressure. That is, the user-side high-pressure detection means and the user-side low-pressure detection means may detect the pressure of the user-side refrigerant itself or may detect other physical quantities that can be converted into the pressure of the user-side refrigerant.
  • the user-side discharge temperature detection means is a means for substantially detecting temperature. That is, the user-side discharge temperature detection means may detect the discharge temperature of the user-side refrigerant itself or may detect other physical quantities that can be converted into the discharge temperature of the user-side refrigerant.
  • a user-side heat transfer cycle 10 includes a user-side high-pressure sensor 21 as a user-side high-pressure detection means, a user-side low-pressure sensor 22 as a user-side low-pressure detection means, and a user-side discharge temperature sensor 23 as a user-side discharge temperature detection means.
  • the user-side high-pressure sensor 21 is preferably provided in a pipe communicating between the user-side cascade heat exchanger 12 and the user-side expansion valve 13 .
  • the user-side low-pressure sensor 22 is preferably provided in a pipe communicating between a user-side heat exchanger 14 and a user-side compressor 11 .
  • the user-side discharge temperature sensor 23 is preferably provided in a pipe communicating between the user-side compressor 11 and the user-side condenser 12 .
  • the user-side heat transfer cycle need not include some or all of these sensors if they are not needed.
  • the refrigeration apparatus of the present disclosure may further include a control device.
  • a detection signal from the user-side high-pressure detection means, a detection signal from the user-side low-pressure detection means, and a detection signal from the user-side discharge temperature detection means are input to the control device.
  • the control device controls the overall operation of the refrigeration apparatus of the present disclosure.
  • the control device may be partially or entirely composed of, for example, a microcomputer, a microprocessor unit, or the like; updateable software such as firmware; or a program module or the like that is executed by a command from a CPU or the like.
  • the user-side refrigerant has a boiling point of -30° C. or more and 25° C. or less.
  • the heat-source-side heat transfer cycle circulates the heat-source-side refrigerant.
  • the heat-source-side heat transfer cycle is preferably a vapor compression refrigeration cycle.
  • the heat-source-side refrigeration cycle that is a vapor compression refrigeration cycle includes a heat-source-side compressor, a heat-source-side heat exchanger, a heat-source-side pressure-reducing device, and a heat-source-side cascade heat exchanger.
  • the heat-source-side compressor is of a variable capacity type.
  • An expansion valve or the like can be used as the heat-source-side pressure-reducing device.
  • another pressure-reducing device such as a capillary tube, can be used as the heat-source-side pressure-reducing device.
  • the heat-source-side refrigerant has a boiling point of -55° C. or more and less than -30° C.
  • a user-side condenser and a heat-source-side evaporator are incorporated in the cascade heat exchanger.
  • heat exchange is performed between the user-side refrigerant in the user-side condenser and the heat-source-side refrigerant in the heat-source-side evaporator in the cascade heat exchanger.
  • the flow directions of the heat-source-side refrigerant and the user-side refrigerant are in countercurrent flow in the cascade heat exchanger.
  • a user-side evaporator and a heat-source-side condenser are incorporated in the cascade heat exchanger.
  • heat exchange is performed between the user-side refrigerant in the user-side evaporator and the heat-source-side refrigerant in the heat-source-side condenser in the cascade heat exchanger.
  • the flow directions of the heat-source-side refrigerant and the user-side refrigerant are in countercurrent flow in the cascade heat exchanger.
  • a refrigerant with a relatively high density and good performance that has a boiling point of -55° C. or more and less than -30° C. as the heat-source-side refrigerant, the efficiency of the refrigeration cycles can be maintained within a preferable range, and a refrigerant having a boiling point of -30° C. or more and 25° C. or less can be used as the user-side refrigerant.
  • use of a refrigerant with high performance on the heat source side ensures the performance of all cycles within a desirable range without using a refrigerant with a comparable level of performance on the user side.
  • Some refrigerants have boiling points of -30° C. or more and 25° C. or less, but are excellent in terms of low GWP or low flammability. In the present disclosure, such refrigerants can also be suitably used.
  • the heat-source-side refrigerant preferably has a GWP of 750 or less, more preferably 500 or less, even more preferably 300 or less, and most preferably 150 or less; and the user-side refrigerant preferably has a GWP or 750 or less, more preferably 500 or less, even more preferably 300 or less, and most preferably 150 or less.
  • the risk of harm to people from fire in the event of refrigerant leakage may be further reduced while maintaining the performance of the entire apparatus, by placing the user-side heat transfer cycle in an area in which harm to people is likely to occur.
  • the heat-source-side refrigerant preferably has a burning velocity of 10 cm/s or less, more preferably 9 cm/s or less, even more preferably 8 cm/s or less, and most preferably 7 cm/s or less; and the user-side refrigerant preferably has a burning velocity of 5 cm/s or less, more preferably 3 cm/s or less, even more preferably 2 cm/s or less, and most preferably 1.5 cm/s or less.
  • the saturation pressure of the user-side refrigerant at 25° C. is preferably 0.0 MPaG or more, more preferably 0.01 MPaG or more, even more preferably 0.03 MPaG or more, and most preferably 0.05 MPaG or more; and the saturation pressure of the user-side refrigerant at 25° C. is preferably 5 MPaG or less, more preferably 4 MPaG or less, even more preferably 3 MPaG or less, and most preferably 2 MPaG or less.
  • a refrigerant with a boiling point of -30° C. or more can be used as the user-side refrigerant to maintain its pressure at a level that does not exceed the withstanding pressure limit of the pipe.
  • the user-side refrigerant it is preferable to use a refrigerant with a boiling point of -30° C. or more, more preferable to use a refrigerant with a boiling point of -25° C. or more, and even more preferable to use a refrigerant with a boiling point of -20° C. or more.
  • the COP of the heat-source-side refrigerant is preferably 95% or more, more preferably 100% or more, even more preferably 101% or more, and still even more preferably 102% or more, compared with that of R410A.
  • the refrigerating capacity of the heat-source-side refrigerant is preferably 60% or more, more preferably 70% or more, even more preferably 80% or more, still even more preferably 90% or more, and most preferably 100% or more, compared with that of R410A.
  • examples of the combination of the heat-source-side refrigerant and the user-side refrigerant include a combination of a heat-source-side refrigerant having a burning velocity of 10 cm/s or less and a user-side refrigerant having a burning velocity of 3 cm/s or less.
  • examples of the combination of the heat-source-side refrigerant and the user-side refrigerant in the above case also include a combination of a heat-source-side refrigerant classified as Class 2L by the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) and a user-side refrigerant classified as Class A1 by ASHRAE.
  • ASHRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers
  • examples of the heat-source-side refrigerant include HFO-1123, HFO-1132, R32, and the like.
  • examples of the heat-source-side refrigerant include a mixture of at least two members selected from the group consisting of HFO-1123, HFO-1132, R1234yf, and R32; R452B; R454B; and the like.
  • heat-source-side refrigerant and the user-side refrigerant include the combinations shown in the table below.
  • a mixture with HFO-1132 may contain at least one member selected from the group consisting of HFC32, HFO1234yf, HFO1234ze(E), and CO 2 .
  • HFO-1132 is preferably HFO-1132(E), HFO-1132 (z), or HFO-1132a, and most preferably HFO-1132(E).
  • a mixture with HFO-1123 may contain at least one member selected from the group consisting of HFC32, HFO1234yf, HFO1234ze(E), and CO 2 .
  • Examples of the combination of the heat-source-side refrigerant and the user-side refrigerant include a combination of a heat-source-side refrigerant that is R32, R452B, or R454B, and a user-side refrigerant that is at least one member selected from the group consisting of R513A, R515A, R515B, R1224, R1234yf, R1234ze, R1233, and R1336. This combination is preferred in that the capacity of the refrigerant used on the heat source side is high.
  • Examples of the combination of the heat-source-side refrigerant and the user-side refrigerant include a combination of a heat-source-side refrigerant containing HFO-1132 and a user-side refrigerant that is at least one member selected from the group consisting of R513A, R515A, R515B, R471A, R1224, R1234yf, R1234ze, R1233, and R1336. This combination is preferred in that the GWP (t-CO 2 ) of the entire system can be reduced.
  • HFO-1132 refers to HFO-1132a, HFO-1132(E), or HFO-1132(Z).
  • R1224 refers to HCFO-1224yd(E), HCFO-1224yd(Z), HCFO-1224zb(E), HCFO-1224zb(Z), HCFO-1224xe(E), or HCFO-1224xe(Z).
  • R1234 refers to HFO-1234yf, HFO-1234ze(E), or HFO-1234ze(Z).
  • R1233 refers to HCFO-1233zd(E), HCFO-1233zd(Z), or HCFO-1233xf.
  • R1336 refers to HFO-1336mzz(E), HFO-1336mzz(Z), HFO-1336mcy, HFO-1336mcz(E), or HFO-1336mez(Z).
  • HFOs and HCFOs are used as refrigerants, the notations “HFO-” and “HCFO-” may be omitted, and the refrigerants may be referred to as “RXX,” such as R1234yf.
  • the refrigeration apparatus of the present disclosure is preferably an air-conditioning system, a refrigerator, a freezer, a water cooler, an ice maker, a refrigerated showcase, a freezing showcase, a freezing and refrigerating unit, a refrigerating machine for freezing and refrigerating warehouses, an air-conditioning system for vehicles, a turbo refrigerating machine, or a screw refrigerating machine.
  • the refrigeration apparatus of the present disclosure is more preferably a household air-conditioning system, an air-conditioning system for business use, an industrial air-conditioning system, or a multi-split air-conditioning system for buildings.
  • a refrigeration apparatus comprising:
  • the heat-source-side heat transfer cycle is a vapor compression refrigeration cycle comprising a heat-source-side compressor, a heat-source-side heat exchanger, a heat-source-side pressure-reducing device, and a heat-source-side cascade heat exchanger.
  • the refrigeration apparatus wherein the user-side heat transfer cycle is a vapor compression refrigeration cycle comprising a user-side compressor, a user-side heat exchanger, a user-side pressure-reducing device, and a user-side cascade heat exchanger.
  • the refrigeration apparatus according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the user-side heat transfer cycle is a heat transfer cycle comprising a pump, a user-side heat exchanger, and a user-side cascade heat exchanger.
  • the refrigeration apparatus according to any one of Items 1 to 5, wherein the heat-source-side refrigerant has a burning velocity of 10 cm/s or less, and the user-side refrigerant has a burning velocity of 3 cm/s or less.
  • the refrigeration apparatus according to any one of Items 1 to 5, wherein the heat-source-side refrigerant comprises HFO-1123 and/or HFO-1132.
  • the refrigeration apparatus according to any one of Items 1 to 7, wherein the heat-source-side refrigerant is R32, R452B, or R454B, and the user-side refrigerant is at least one member selected from the group consisting of R513A, R515A, R515B, R1224, R1234yf, R1234ze, R1233, and R1336.
  • the refrigeration apparatus according to any one of Items 1 to 8, wherein the heat-source-side refrigerant comprises HFO-1132, and the user-side refrigerant is at least one member selected from the group consisting of R513A, R515A, R515B, R471A, R1224, R1234yf, R1234ze, R1233, and R1336.
  • the refrigeration apparatus according to any one of Items 1 to 10, which is an air-conditioning system, a refrigerator, a freezer, a water cooler, an ice maker, a refrigerated showcase, a freezing showcase, a freezing and refrigerating unit, a refrigerating machine for freezing and refrigerating warehouses, an air-conditioning system for vehicles, a turbo refrigerating machine, or a screw refrigerating machine.
  • the refrigeration apparatus according to any one of Items 1 to 10, which is a household air-conditioning system, an air-conditioning system for business use, an industrial air-conditioning system, or a multi-split air-conditioning system for buildings.
  • the GWP of the entire system was calculated using the following formula.
  • GWP (t-CO 2 ) of entire system (GWP of heat-source-side refrigerant) ⁇ (amount of heat-source-side refrigerant put in) + (GWP of user-side refrigerant) ⁇ (amount of user-side refrigerant put in)
  • a refrigeration apparatus was operated by circulating the user-side refrigerants and the heat-source-side refrigerants shown in Table 2 in the user-side heat transfer cycle and the heat-source-side heat transfer cycle, respectively, as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the COP ratio and capacity ratio on the heat source side both as ratios (%) relative to those of R410A
  • MPaG saturation vapor pressure
  • the results show that in the refrigeration apparatus shown in FIG. 1 , by using a refrigerant with a relatively high density and good performance that has a boiling point of -55° C. or more and less than -30° C. as the heat-source-side refrigerant, the refrigeration cycle efficiency can be maintained within a preferable range, with a COP of 100% or more and a refrigerating capacity of 60% or more, even when a refrigerant with a boiling point of -30° C. or more and 25° C. or less is used as the user-side refrigerant.
  • results show that by using a refrigerant with a boiling point of 25° C. or less as the user-side refrigerant, its saturation vapor pressure can be made equal to or higher than atmospheric pressure. Furthermore, the results show that by using a refrigerant with a boiling point of -30° C. or more as the user-side refrigerant, its pressure can be maintained at a level that does not exceed the withstanding pressure limit of the pipe.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
US18/088,991 2020-07-06 2022-12-27 Refrigeration device Pending US20230135967A1 (en)

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