US20210302279A1 - Swab material - Google Patents

Swab material Download PDF

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Publication number
US20210302279A1
US20210302279A1 US16/330,455 US201616330455A US2021302279A1 US 20210302279 A1 US20210302279 A1 US 20210302279A1 US 201616330455 A US201616330455 A US 201616330455A US 2021302279 A1 US2021302279 A1 US 2021302279A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
swab material
knitted body
substance
sample
fibers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
US16/330,455
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English (en)
Inventor
Takeshi Iharada
Kiyuki Noto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shimadzu Corp
Original Assignee
Shimadzu Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shimadzu Corp filed Critical Shimadzu Corp
Assigned to SHIMADZU CORPORATION reassignment SHIMADZU CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: IHARADA, TAKESHI, NOTO, KIYUKI
Publication of US20210302279A1 publication Critical patent/US20210302279A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B1/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
    • F23J3/02—Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
    • G01N1/12—Dippers; Dredgers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
    • G01N31/12—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using combustion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N2001/028—Sampling from a surface, swabbing, vaporising

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a swab material that is inserted into a combustion tube provided in a total carbon measurement device.
  • the TOC meter includes an inorganic carbon measurement device and a total carbon measurement device, whereby the total organic carbon (TOC) contained in a sample can be measured based on inorganic carbon (IC) measured by the inorganic carbon measurement device and total carbon (TC) measured by the total carbon measurement device.
  • IC inorganic carbon
  • TC total carbon
  • the method of using HPLC is suitable for detecting a specific substance; however, the method of using a TOC meter is suitable for widely detecting an unexpected substance or an accidental contamination. Also, the method of using a TOC meter has an advantage of being suitable for screening because the measurement time is short.
  • Methods of collecting a substance from a surface of an object after cleaning can be roughly classified into a rinse method and a swab method (wiping method).
  • a swab method a certain area of the surface of the object such as a pharmaceutical facility is wiped off with use of the swab material, whereby the substance (adherent residue) adhering to the surface of the object is physically collected.
  • the surface of the object is wiped off with use of a swab material formed, for example, from cloth or cotton, and the substance is extracted by immersing this swab material into pure water.
  • the pure water in which the substance has been extracted is injected into a combustion tube and heated at a temperature of, for example, 900° C., so as to evaporate the pure water and burn the substance.
  • Carbon dioxide that is generated during this process is detected with use of a detector, whereby the substance that has been collected as a substance can be detected based on the detection results.
  • the surface of the object is wiped off with use of a swab material formed, for example, from a non-combustible fiber or the like, and this swab material is inserted into a combustion tube (for example, see Patent Document 1 below).
  • a swab material formed, for example, from a non-combustible fiber or the like
  • this swab material is inserted into a combustion tube (for example, see Patent Document 1 below).
  • the collected substance burns, whereas the non-combustible swab material does not burn. Accordingly, only the carbon dioxide generated by combustion of the substance is detected by the detector, and the substance collected as the substance can be detected based on the detection results.
  • This method has an advantage in that even a substance insoluble in water can be detected.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3142280
  • a quartz glass cloth or the like is used as a conventional swab material.
  • a swab material is used in which numerous fibers made of quartz glass are shaped as a non-woven cloth having a web form.
  • the tip ends of the fibers constituting the non-woven cloth are liable to protrude from the surface, raising a fear that the surface of the object may be damaged by the tip ends of the fibers.
  • the fibers constituting the non-woven cloth are prone to coming apart from each other, and the durability is low, thereby raising a problem in that the surroundings are prone to contamination by the loosened fibers.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the aforementioned circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a swab material having a high durability in which a surface of an object is hardly damaged in collecting a substance from the surface of the object.
  • a swab material according to the present invention is a swab material used for wiping off a surface of an object to collect a substance existing thereon, the swab material being inserted together with the collected substance into a combustion tube provided in a total carbon measurement device.
  • the swab material includes a knitted body in which fibers formed from a heat-resistant inorganic material are knitted.
  • the swab material is made of a knitted body, so that the tip ends of the fibers constituting the knitted body hardly protrude from the surface, and the fibers are not prone to coming apart from each other. Consequently, the surface of the object is hardly damaged when the substance is collected from the surface of the object, and high durability is obtained.
  • the fibers constituting the knitted body are made of a heat-resistant inorganic material, so that the swab material can be thermally treated at a high temperature to remove the impurities that inherently adhere to the swab material before wiping off the surface of the object, and carbon dioxide is not generated from the swab material itself during the burning in the combustion tube. Accordingly, only the carbon dioxide generated from the substance that has been collected from the surface of the object can be detected, so that the detection accuracy can be improved.
  • the knitted body has a melting point of 450° C. or higher.
  • the swab material is not melted even when the swab material is thermally treated before the surface of the object is wiped off, provided that the temperature is at least lower than 450° C. Accordingly, thermal treatments on the knitted body can be effectively carried out, and the impurities that inherently adhere to the swab material can be effectively removed.
  • the knitted body has an end surface folded back thereon.
  • the knitted body has an end surface folded back thereon, so that the tip ends of the fibers constituting the knitted body hardly protrude from the ends of the knitted body. Consequently, the surface of the object is hardly damaged in collecting the substance from the surface of the object.
  • the tip ends of the fibers constituting the knitted body hardly protrude from the surface, so that the surface of the object is hardly damaged in collecting the substance from the surface of the object. Also, according to the present invention, the fibers are not prone to coming apart from each other, and high durability is obtained, thereby making it possible to avoid a situation in which the fibers themselves are scattered around in an environment in which an experiment is carried out.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing a configuration example of a total organic carbon measurement device in which analysis is performed with use of a swab material according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic enlarged view showing a part of the swab material.
  • FIG. 3A is a schematic perspective view showing a flow in forming the swab material from a knitted body.
  • FIG. 3B is a schematic perspective view showing a flow in forming the swab material from a knitted body.
  • FIG. 3C is a schematic perspective view showing a flow in forming the swab material from a knitted body.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing a configuration example of a total organic carbon measurement device in which analysis is performed with use of a swab material according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • This total organic carbon measurement device includes an inorganic carbon measurement device 1 and a total carbon measurement device 2 .
  • the total organic carbon (TOC) contained in a sample can be measured based on the inorganic carbon (IC) measured by the inorganic carbon measurement device 1 and the total carbon (TC) measured by the total carbon measurement device 2 .
  • the inorganic carbon measurement device 1 includes, for example, a sample placement unit 102 for placing a sample boat 101 on which a sample is mounted, a heating reaction unit 103 for heating the sample on the sample boat 101 that has been inserted from the sample placement unit 102 , and an acid solution adding unit 104 for adding an acid solution to the sample on the sample boat 101 .
  • the sample boat 101 can be formed, for example, from ceramics; however, the present invention is not limited to this, so that the sample boat 101 can be formed from various other kinds of heat-resistant materials.
  • the sample placement unit 102 is provided with a cover 121 that can be opened and closed. In a state in which the cover 121 is opened, the sample boat 101 can be placed in the sample placement unit 102 .
  • the sample boat 101 placed in the sample placement unit 102 can be inserted into the heating reaction unit 103 by moving a moving rod 122 disposed in the sample placement unit 102 .
  • the heating reaction unit 103 includes, for example, a tubular electric furnace 131 disposed in a lateral direction and a reaction tube 132 disposed in the electric furnace 131 and made of hard glass.
  • the sample boat 101 that is moved by the moving rod 122 from within the sample placement unit 102 is inserted into the reaction tube 132 in the heating reaction unit 103 .
  • the temperature of the electric furnace 131 is set to be, for example, 200° C., and the sample on the sample boat 101 that has been inserted into the reaction tube 132 can be heated.
  • the acid solution adding unit 104 includes a syringe pump 141 that can automatically eject a set amount of the acid solution.
  • the ejection outlet of the syringe pump 141 is in communication with an inside of the sample placement unit 102 .
  • the acid solution can be added (dropped) to the sample on the sample boat 101 by driving the syringe pump 141 in a state in which the sample boat 101 is placed at a prescribed position within the sample placement unit 102 and the cover 121 is closed.
  • the sample boat 101 is inserted into the reaction tube 132 in the heating reaction unit 103 .
  • the sample on the sample boat 101 that has been inserted into the reaction tube 132 reacts with the acid solution, whereby carbon dioxide is generated in an amount corresponding to the amount of inorganic carbon contained in the sample.
  • Phosphoric acid or the like which is one example of a non-volatile acid, can be used as the acid solution; however, the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the total carbon measurement device 2 includes, for example, a sample placement unit 202 for placing a sample boat 201 on which a sample is mounted, and a combustion reaction unit 203 for burning the sample on the sample boat 201 that has been inserted from the sample placement unit 202 .
  • the sample boat 201 can be formed, for example, from ceramics; however, the present invention is not limited to this, so that the sample boat 201 can be formed from various other kinds of heat-resistant materials.
  • the sample placement unit 202 is provided with a cover 221 that can be opened and closed. In a state in which the cover 221 is opened, the sample boat 201 can be placed in the sample placement unit 202 .
  • the sample boat 201 placed in the sample placement unit 202 can be inserted into the combustion reaction unit 203 by moving a moving rod 222 disposed in the sample placement unit 202 .
  • the combustion reaction unit 203 includes, for example, a tubular electric furnace 231 disposed in a lateral direction and a combustion tube 232 disposed in the electric furnace 231 and made of quartz glass.
  • the sample boat 201 that is moved by the moving rod 222 from within the sample placement unit 202 is inserted into the combustion tube 232 in the combustion reaction unit 203 .
  • the temperature of the electric furnace 231 is set to be, for example, 900° C., and the sample on the sample boat 201 that has been inserted into the combustion tube 232 can be burnt.
  • the inside of the combustion tube 232 is filled with, for example, an oxidation catalyst 233 .
  • the total carbon component contained in the sample on the sample boat 201 that has been inserted into the combustion tube 232 is oxidized by action of the oxidation catalyst 233 , and carbon dioxide is generated in an amount corresponding to the amount of the total carbon component contained in the sample.
  • a carrier gas functioning also as a combustion-supporting gas is supplied into the sample placement unit 202 .
  • the carbon dioxide generated in the combustion tube 232 is conveyed, together with the carrier gas, to a cooling tube 204 , cooled in the cooling tube 204 , and thereafter conveyed to a drain separator 3 .
  • the aforementioned inorganic carbon measurement device 1 is connected in series to the total carbon measurement device 2 via the drain separator 3 .
  • the carrier gas supplied to the total carbon measurement device 2 can be supplied to the inorganic carbon measurement device 1 via the drain separator 3 .
  • the carrier gas conveyed from the total carbon measurement device 2 is supplied into the sample placement unit 102 , and carbon dioxide generated in the reaction tube 132 can be conveyed to the drain separator 3 by the carrier gas.
  • a detection unit 4 for detecting carbon dioxide is connected to the drain separator 3 .
  • the detection unit 4 can be configured, for example, from an infrared carbon dioxide detector; however, the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the carbon dioxide generated by reaction of the sample in the reaction tube 132 in the inorganic carbon measurement device 1 is conveyed, together with the carrier gas, to the detection unit 4 , and the carbon dioxide is detected by the detection unit 4 , whereby the inorganic carbon contained in the sample can be measured.
  • the carbon dioxide generated by combustion of the sample in the combustion tube 232 in the total carbon measurement device 2 is conveyed, together with the carrier gas, to the detection unit 4 , and the carbon dioxide is detected by the detection unit 4 , whereby the total carbon contained in the sample can be measured.
  • a certain area of a surface of an object such as a pharmaceutical facility is wiped off with use of a swab material 5 , whereby the substance (adherent residue) adhering to the surface of the object is physically collected.
  • the swab material 5 is mounted on the sample boat 201 together with the collected substance and placed in the sample placement unit 202 of the total carbon measurement device 2 .
  • sample boat 201 is moved by the moving rod 222 , and the swab material 5 on the sample boat 201 is inserted into the combustion tube 232 , whereby the substance collected into the swab material 5 as a sample is burnt in the combustion tube 232 .
  • the swab material 5 is thermally treated before the surface of the object is wiped off.
  • the swab material 5 is heated, for example, at a high temperature of about 450 to 600° C., whereby impurities such as an organic substance adhering to the swab material 5 are removed.
  • the surface of the object is wiped off with the swab material 5 after the impurities on the swab material 5 are thus removed, so as to collect the substance, and the swab material 5 is burnt in the combustion tube 232 at a temperature (for example, 600° C. or higher) that is higher than that of the thermal treatment, whereby carbon dioxide can be generated from the collected substance.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic enlarged view showing a part of the swab material 5 .
  • the swab material 5 is made of a knitted body 50 in which numerous fibers 51 are knitted.
  • Each fiber 51 is, for example, a heat-resistant glass fiber and is formed, for example, of a heat-resistant inorganic material such as a high silicate glass fiber. More specifically, each fiber 51 is formed of a high silicate glass fiber containing SiO 2 at 96% and having a heat resistance to ultrahigh temperature. This makes it possible to use each fiber 51 continuously at a high temperature of 1000° C. or more for a long period of time and is excellent in thermal durability, chemical stability, and electric insulation.
  • the material of each fiber 51 is not particularly limited as long as the material is a heat-resistant inorganic material, and may be a material other than glass, such as ceramics; however, a material that is highly flexible and readily takes to water is preferred.
  • Each fiber 51 constitutes a warp thread 511 or a weft thread 512 .
  • the knitted body 50 is formed in such a manner that a plurality of warp threads 511 and a plurality of weft threads 512 are knitted perpendicularly to each other.
  • the knitted body 50 may be formed by knitting individual fibers 51 or by bundling a plurality of fibers 51 and knitting the bundles with each other.
  • the swab material 5 is made of the knitted body 50 , so that the tip ends of the fibers 51 constituting the knitted body 50 hardly protrude from the surface thereof, and the fibers 51 are not prone to coming apart from each other. Consequently, the surface of the object is hardly damaged when the substance is collected from the surface of the object, and high durability is obtained, as compared with a conventional swab material shaped to be a non-woven cloth.
  • the fibers 51 constituting the knitted body 50 are made of a heat-resistant inorganic material, so that the swab material 5 can be thermally treated at a high temperature to remove the impurities that inherently adhere to the swab material 5 before wiping off the surface of the object, and carbon dioxide is not generated from the swab material 5 itself during the burning in the combustion tube 232 . Accordingly, only the carbon dioxide generated from the substance that has been collected from the surface of the object can be detected, so that the detection accuracy can be improved.
  • the knitted body 50 has a melting point of 450° C. or higher.
  • each fiber 51 constituting the knitted body 50 is formed of a material that does not melt at a temperature lower than 450° C.
  • the swab material 5 is not melted even when the swab material 5 is thermally treated before the surface of the object is wiped off, provided that the temperature is at least lower than 450° C. Accordingly, thermal treatments on the knitted body 50 can be effectively carried out, and the impurities that inherently adhere to the swab material 5 can be effectively removed.
  • FIGS. 3A to 3C are each a schematic perspective view showing a flow in forming the swab material 5 from a knitted body 50 .
  • a swab material 5 such as shown in FIG. 3C is formed by using a knitted body 50 that has been formed to have a tubular shape by knitting each fiber 51 as shown in FIG. 3A .
  • the knitted body 50 is formed by knitting a plurality of fibers 51 .
  • the tip ends of the fibers 51 hardly protrude from a circumferential surface 52 thereof; however, there are cases in which the tip ends of the fibers 51 are liable to protrude from end surfaces (cut surfaces) 53 . Accordingly, in the present embodiment, the end surfaces 53 of the knitted body 50 are folded back.
  • the two end surfaces 53 of the tubular knitted body 50 are folded back to the inside of the circumferential surface 52 (within the knitted body 50 ).
  • the knitted body 50 has an elongated shape along the axial direction D, and the two end surfaces 53 in the axial direction D are folded back so as to prevent the end surfaces 53 from being exposed to the outside.
  • the tubular knitted body 50 shown in FIG. 3A has an inner diameter of about 8 mm, an outer diameter of about 9.5 mm, and a length in the axial direction D of about 30 mm, and is folded back at a position of about 5 mm from each of the two end surfaces 53 .
  • the knitted body 50 having the two end surfaces 53 folded back part of the two ends is stitched, as shown in FIG. 3C .
  • a stopper 54 is formed at the two ends of the knitted body 50 , and the knitted body 50 is maintained in a state in which the two end surfaces 53 of the knitted body 50 are folded back, so that the two end surfaces 53 are prevented from being exposed to the outside.
  • the fiber used in stitching the two ends of the knitted body 50 may be, for example, the same as the fiber 51 constituting the knitted body 50 .
  • the stopper 54 is fixed by approximating the circumferential surface 52 of the knitted body 50 in a radial direction.
  • the shape of the knitted body 50 as viewed in the axial direction D is like a figure of 8.
  • one stopper 54 is provided at each of the two ends of the knitted body 50 ; however, the present invention is not limited to this, so that a plurality of stoppers 54 may be provided at each of the two ends.
  • the knitted body 50 has the end surface 53 folded back thereon, so that the tip ends of the fibers 51 constituting the knitted body 50 hardly protrude from the ends of the knitted body 50 . Consequently, the surface of the object is hardly damaged in collecting the substance from the surface of the object.
  • the configuration of the tubular knitted body 50 is not limited to one in which the stopper 54 is formed at the ends of the tubular knitted body 50 as shown in FIG. 3C , but may be one in which the stopper 54 is not formed.
  • the sites of the end surfaces of the knitted body 50 can be reduced, thereby producing an effect that the tip ends of the fibers 51 constituting the knitted body 50 are further less likely to protrude from the surface.
  • the shape of the swab material 5 is not limited to a tubular shape, so that the swab material 5 may be configured from a knitted body 50 having a different shape such as a band shape, a rope shape (for example, a braid shape), or a web shape.
  • the knitted bodies in which fibers are knitted encompass knitted bodies in which fibers are knitted by any of the knitting methods such that the fibers are formed into one shape by being alternately combined with each other irrespective of the knitting methods.
  • the swab material 5 may be formed by folding back the end surfaces of the knitted bodies 50 .
  • the knitted body 50 may have a configuration in which the end surfaces of the knitted body 50 are not folded back but the fibers 51 are knitted so that the tip ends of the fibers 51 may not protrude from the end surfaces of the knitted body 50 .
  • the swab material 5 with which the surface of the object has been wiped off is inserted into the combustion tube 232 provided in the total carbon measurement device 2 of the total organic carbon measurement device.
  • the swab material 5 according to the present invention can be used by being inserted into the combustion tube 232 provided in the total carbon measurement device 2 even when only the total carbon measurement device 2 is separately configured or when the total carbon measurement device 2 is integrally configured with devices other than the inorganic carbon measurement device 1 .
  • a swab material can be provided in which a plurality of fibers are placed by being arranged in parallel and the ends thereof are fixed to each other by being bound or the like.
  • the plurality of fibers may be placed in a planar shape. In this manner, when the ends of the plurality of fibers are fixed to each other and bundled, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the fibers themselves are scattered around in an environment where experiments are carried out.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
US16/330,455 2016-09-06 2016-09-06 Swab material Pending US20210302279A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2016/076215 WO2018047245A1 (fr) 2016-09-06 2016-09-06 Écouvillon

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US (1) US20210302279A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6665939B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE112016007201B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018047245A1 (fr)

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CN111735676A (zh) * 2020-06-17 2020-10-02 东莞市依科净化材料科技有限公司 一种toc测定取样棉签的处理方法

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JP3652049B2 (ja) * 1997-02-21 2005-05-25 栄研器材株式会社 環境微生物検査用拭き取り器具
JP2003107071A (ja) * 2001-09-27 2003-04-09 Sumika Chemical Analysis Service Ltd 全窒素測定方法
JP3831671B2 (ja) * 2002-02-19 2006-10-11 株式会社堀場製作所 横型燃焼管に対する液体試料の注入方法およびその装置
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JP6665939B2 (ja) 2020-03-13
JPWO2018047245A1 (ja) 2019-06-24
DE112016007201T5 (de) 2019-06-06
DE112016007201B4 (de) 2024-01-18
WO2018047245A1 (fr) 2018-03-15

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