US20210078619A1 - Railway condition monitoring device, railway vehicle bogie, railway vehicle, railway brake control device - Google Patents

Railway condition monitoring device, railway vehicle bogie, railway vehicle, railway brake control device Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20210078619A1
US20210078619A1 US17/020,303 US202017020303A US2021078619A1 US 20210078619 A1 US20210078619 A1 US 20210078619A1 US 202017020303 A US202017020303 A US 202017020303A US 2021078619 A1 US2021078619 A1 US 2021078619A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
bogie
information
track
state
acquirer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US17/020,303
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Mitsumasa Morita
Kyoko Sakurai
Hideo Kato
Ronpei OMACHI
Masaki KASAMATSU
Shogo Kigami
Kazuhito Nakamura
Takashi Wada
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nabtesco Corp
Original Assignee
Nabtesco Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2020135303A external-priority patent/JP2021046191A/ja
Application filed by Nabtesco Corp filed Critical Nabtesco Corp
Assigned to NABTESCO CORPORATION reassignment NABTESCO CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KATO, HIDEO, KASAMATSU, MASAKI, KIGAMI, Shogo, MORITA, MITSUMASA, NAKAMURA, KAZUHITO, OMACHI, RONPEI, SAKURAI, KYOKO, WADA, TAKASHI
Publication of US20210078619A1 publication Critical patent/US20210078619A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
    • B61L15/0094—Recorders on the vehicle
    • B61L3/002—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
    • B61L15/0081—On-board diagnosis or maintenance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
    • B61L15/0018—Communication with or on the vehicle or train
    • B61L15/0027—Radio-based, e.g. using GSM-R
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L23/00—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains
    • B61L23/04—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains for monitoring the mechanical state of the route
    • B61L23/042—Track changes detection

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a railway condition monitoring device, a railway vehicle bogie, a railway vehicle, and a railway brake control device.
  • JP S60-000311 A A detection device that detects flat wear and the like of wheels has been known (for example, JP S60-000311 A).
  • the detection device described in JP S60-000311 A includes a wheel detector and a shock vibration detection element which are installed at a certain distance along a longitudinal direction of a rail, and a processor that processes output signals of the wheel detector and the shock vibration detection element.
  • the processor determines the presence of the flat wear and the presence of peeling from a magnitude of a vibration signal of the shock vibration detection element and a duration of the shock vibration.
  • the processor also processes the output signal of the wheel detector to specify the wheel or the bogie in which the flat wear or the peeling is present.
  • the inventors have acquired the following recognition for condition detector such as rails and wheels of railways.
  • condition detector such as rails and wheels of railways.
  • the rails, the wheels, and the like of the railways are worn out and fail, there is a risk of affecting an operation of the railway vehicle.
  • maintenance man-hours and replacement materials are surplus, which is disadvantageous in terms of cost.
  • the maintenance intervals are long, there is a high possibility of failure when the rails, the wheels, and the like are worn out faster than expected. Therefore, it is preferable to detect the condition of the rails, the wheels, and the like and determine the maintenance timing based on the detected results.
  • condition detector for the rails, the wheels, or the like has high versatility. Since the detection device described in JP S60-000311 A uses the output signals of the wheel detector and the shock vibration detection element installed on the rail at a certain distance related to an inter-vehicle distance, the detection device can perform the detection only on the rail on the wheel detector and the shock vibration detection element are installed, and therefore the versatility of the detection device is not that high.
  • the present invention has been made in view of these problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a condition monitoring device for a railway capable of improving versatility.
  • a railway condition monitoring device includes an acquirer structured to be attached to a railway vehicle bogie and acquire state information on one or more state of vibration, speed, acceleration, sound, reflected light, image, temperature, humidity, and a wheel diameter, a determiner structured to be attached to a bogie, perform a determination of a state of a track on which the bogie travels or a state of the bogie based on the state information acquired by the acquirer, and provide the determination result, a transmitter structured to be attached to the bogie and transmit the determination result to an outside of the bogie, and a power supplier structured to be attached to the bogie and supply power to the acquirer and the transmitter.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic front view schematically illustrating a railway vehicle
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic side view schematically illustrating the railway vehicle of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a condition monitoring device according to a first embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a data set of a learning model of a condition monitoring device according to the first embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically illustrating the learning model of the condition monitoring device according to the first embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a condition monitoring device according to a second embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a data set of a learning model of the condition monitoring device according to the second embodiment
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically illustrating the learning model of the condition monitoring device according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a brake control device according to a third embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the brake control device according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a data set of a learning model of the brake control device according to the third embodiment
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram schematically illustrating the learning model of the brake control device according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a condition monitoring device according to a fourth embodiment
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram schematically illustrating shaking of a bogie according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of inclination information for each point for each axle according to the fourth embodiment
  • FIG. 16 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a condition monitoring device according to a fifth embodiment
  • FIGS. 17A to 17E are schematic diagrams illustrating a state in which a bogie according to the fifth embodiment passes through a track surface
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating vibration information of the bogie according to the fifth embodiment and another bogie
  • FIG. 19 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the condition monitoring device according to the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 20 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a condition monitoring device according to a sixth embodiment
  • FIG. 21 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a brake control device according to the sixth embodiment.
  • FIG. 22 is a diagram schematically illustrating a ratio of a braking force of a contact brake according to the sixth embodiment
  • FIG. 23 is a diagram schematically illustrating an operation of the contact brake according to the sixth embodiment.
  • FIG. 24 is a diagram schematically illustrating the operation of the contact brake according to the sixth embodiment.
  • FIG. 25 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a brake control device according to a seventh embodiment
  • FIG. 26 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the brake control device according to the seventh embodiment.
  • FIGS. 27A and 27B are diagrams schematically illustrating the operation of the brake control device according to the seventh embodiment
  • FIG. 28 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a condition monitoring device according to an eighth embodiment.
  • FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram of a bogie according to the eighth embodiment as viewed from the front;
  • FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram of the bogie according to the eighth embodiment as viewed from the side;
  • FIG. 31 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a condition monitoring device according to a ninth embodiment.
  • FIG. 32 is a schematic diagram of a bogie according to the ninth embodiment as viewed from the front;
  • FIG. 33 is a schematic diagram of the bogie according to the ninth embodiment as viewed from the side.
  • FIG. 34 is a schematic diagram of the bogie according to the ninth embodiment as viewed from the side.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a front view illustrating a railway vehicle 100 .
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the railway vehicle 100 as viewed from the side.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a condition monitoring device 20 and a brake control device 80 according to the present embodiment.
  • the condition monitoring device 20 and the brake control device 80 according to the present embodiment are mounted on the railway vehicle 100 .
  • the condition monitoring device 20 is mounted on the bogie 10 of the railway vehicle 100 .
  • Each functional block illustrated in each drawing of the present disclosure including FIG. 3 can be realized by an electronic element such as a CPU of a computer, a mechanical component, or the like in terms of hardware, and by a computer program or the like in terms of software, but the functional blocks realized by the cooperation thereof are drawn herein. Therefore, it is understood by those skilled in the art that these functional blocks can be realized in various ways by combining hardware and software.
  • the vehicle 100 includes a vehicle body 2 , a bogie 10 , a brake 18 , a condition monitoring device 20 , and a brake control device 80 .
  • the condition monitoring device 20 includes an acquirer 30 , an information processor 40 , a power supplier 70 , and a position information acquirer 82 .
  • the brake control device 80 includes the acquirer 30 , the information processor 40 , and a brake controller 60 .
  • the information processor 40 includes a determiner 44 , a storage 46 , a transmitter 48 , a transmission controller 42 , and a model generator 45 .
  • the brake 18 is constituted by a contact brake 18 d and a regenerative brake 18 e.
  • the vehicle body 2 is supported by a plurality of bogies 10 via air springs 12 s , and is connected to each bogie 10 by a traction device 12 p .
  • the vehicle body 2 includes a cab 2 d .
  • the vehicle 100 includes a motor (not illustrated) as a prime mover, and travels a track 8 by driving wheels 16 provided on the bogie 10 by the motor.
  • the vehicle 100 of the present embodiment includes two bogies 10 that are spaced apart from each other in the front and rear.
  • the bogie 10 includes a bogie frame 12 , a shaft spring 12 j , and an unsprung part 14 .
  • the bogie frame 12 has the vehicle body 2 supported thereabove.
  • the unsprung part 14 is supported by the bogie frame 12 via shaft spring 12 j .
  • the shaft spring 12 j is two coil springs that are provided spaced apart from each other in the width direction.
  • the shaft spring 12 j may include a spring different from a type of the coil spring.
  • the unsprung part 14 includes an axle box 14 b , a bearing 14 c , a wheel 16 , an axle 16 s , and a contact brake 18 d .
  • Two axle boxes 14 b are provided corresponding to the two coil springs of the shaft spring 12 j .
  • the axle box 14 b is a box-shaped component supported by the bogie frame 12 from above via the shaft spring 12 j .
  • the bearing 14 c is housed in the axle box 14 b and rotatably supports the axle 16 s .
  • the number of coil springs is not limited to two and may be two or more.
  • the wheel 16 has a cylindrical or conical tread surface 16 b rolling on the track 8 and a flange 16 c .
  • the axle 16 s penetrates through the center of the wheel 16 , and a portion of the wheel 16 protruding outward in the width direction is supported by the bearing 14 c in the axle box 14 b .
  • the contact brake 18 d includes an actuator 18 a and a brake shoe 18 b .
  • the actuator 18 a is driven by an action of an air pressure for driving a brake, and the brake shoe 18 b is pressed against the tread surface 16 b to generate a braking force on the wheel 16 .
  • the vehicle 100 of the present embodiment includes a regenerative brake 18 e in addition to the contact brake 18 d .
  • the brake control device 80 changes how to apply the brake 18 based on control information from the condition monitoring device 20 or other controllers.
  • the brake controller 60 receives a brake control signal Bc transmitted according to a determination result E 1
  • the brake controller 60 changes operation timings of a contact brake 18 d and a regenerative brake 18 e .
  • the brake controller 60 is arranged in the cab 2 d of the vehicle 100 .
  • condition monitoring device 20 includes the acquirer 30 , the information processor 40 , the power supplier 70 , and the position information acquirer 82 , and the information processor 40 includes the determiner 44 , the storage 46 , and the transmitter 48 , the transmission controller 42 , and the model generator 45 .
  • the information processor 40 is attached to the bogie 10 .
  • the information processor 40 is fixed to the bogie frame 12 .
  • the acquirer 30 acquires state information J 1 on one or more of vibration, velocity, acceleration, sound, reflected light, an image, temperature, humidity, and a wheel diameter.
  • the determiner 44 determines whether or not the state information J 1 satisfies a preset condition based on the state information J 1 acquired by the acquirer 30 .
  • the position information acquirer 82 acquires position information Jp on the vehicle 100 .
  • the power supplier 70 supplies power to the condition monitoring device 20 and the acquirer 30 . In other words, the acquirer 30 and the information processor 40 are supplied with power from the power supplier 70 .
  • the power supplier 70 may supply power to the position information acquirer 82 .
  • the power supplier 70 has a generator 70 g , a battery 70 b , and a power controller 70 m .
  • the generator 70 g supplies generated power.
  • the generator 70 g can include a device (including a power generation element) capable of converting physical energy such as vibration energy of the bogie 10 or rotation energy of the wheels 16 into power.
  • the generator 70 g of the present embodiment is configured to supply power from an eddy current generated by the rotation of the wheels 16 based on the electromagnetic principle.
  • wiring for supplying power to the vehicle body 2 can be omitted, and a wiring space, members, arrangement man-hours, and the like can be reduced.
  • information can be acquired and transmitted to the outside only by the device attached to bogie 10 .
  • the power supplier 70 may supply vehicle body power transmitted from the vehicle body 2 via the wiring to the condition monitoring device 20 . In this case, the power supplier 70 may or may not use the generator 70 g together.
  • the generated power of the generator 70 g may be limited due to factors such as space limitation and weight limitation. In addition, the power consumption of the condition monitoring device 20 changes greatly over time. If the generated power of the generator 70 g is smaller than peak power consumption of the condition monitoring device 20 , the condition monitoring device 20 can malfunction due to a power shortage. Therefore, the power supplier 70 of the present embodiment has the battery 70 b that is charged by the generated power of the generator 70 g or the vehicle body power.
  • the information processor 40 consumes a large amount of power when the transmitter 48 described later transmits predetermined information.
  • the power supplier 70 of the present embodiment has a power controller 70 m that monitors the residual storage amount of the battery 70 b , the generated power of the generator 70 g , and the like.
  • the power controller 70 m determines whether the power shortage occurs during the transmission of the transmitter 48 based on the information on the power of the bogie 10 , the position information Jp of the bogie 10 , and the like, and provides the determination result as power information Je to the information processor 40 .
  • the information on the power of the bogie 10 includes the generated power of the generator 70 g , the residual storage amount of the battery 70 b , a transmission schedule of the transmitter 48 , and the like.
  • the determination result of the power controller 70 m may include information such as whether or not there is a power shortage during transmission and the time when sufficient power can be supplied.
  • the power information Je may include the residual storage amount of the battery 70 b , the generated power of the generator 70 g , and the like.
  • the position information acquirer 82 will be described. As described above, the position information acquirer 82 acquires the position information Jp on the position of the vehicle 100 .
  • the position information Jp can be acquired by a position information measurement system that uses artificial satellites such as the global positioning system, can be acquired from a sign that indicates a distance (km) from a starting point of a railway, can be acquired by integrating a vehicle speed, or can be acquired by a combination thereof.
  • the position information acquirer 82 of the present embodiment uses the global positioning system to acquire the position information Jp.
  • the position information acquirer 82 transmits the acquired position information Jp to the information processor 40 .
  • the position information Jp is stored in the storage 46 .
  • the acquirer 30 will be described.
  • vibration information on vibration is acquired by a vibration sensor 30 b based on a known principle.
  • the vibration sensor 30 b can be provided on the bogie frame 12 or the unsprung part 14 .
  • the vibration sensor 30 b of the present embodiment is provided in the axle box 14 b and acquires the vibration of the bogie 10 .
  • a target of obtaining the vibration information is not limited, but in the present embodiment, the wheel 16 , the axle 16 s , or the axle box 14 b is targeted. Surface conditions such as wear, deformation (including peeling, the same applies below), surface roughness, and the like of the target can be understood based on the vibration information.
  • the vibration information be acquired when the vehicle speed is in a preset state.
  • the state of the vehicle speed includes, for example, an acceleration range where the vehicle is in a preset acceleration state, a constant speed operation range where the preset speed is maintained (including coasting), a deceleration range where the vehicle is in a preset deceleration state, and the like.
  • the speed information on the speed is acquired by a speed sensor 30 c based on the known principle.
  • the speed sensor 30 c can be provided on the bogie frame 12 or the unsprung part 14 .
  • the speed sensor 30 c of the present embodiment is provided in the axle box 14 b and acquires information on the speed in the front-back direction of the bogie 10 . Based on the history of the speed information, a cumulative state (hereinafter, referred to as “stress state”) of stress applied to the bogie 10 and constituent members thereof can be understood.
  • the acceleration information on the acceleration is acquired by an acceleration sensor 30 d based on the known principle.
  • the acceleration sensor 30 d can be provided on the bogie frame 12 or the unsprung part 14 .
  • the acceleration sensor 30 d of the present embodiment is provided in the axle box 14 b and acquires information on the acceleration in the front-back direction of the bogie 10 .
  • the stress state can be understood based on the history of the acceleration information.
  • the sound sensor 30 e can be provided on the bogie frame 12 or the unsprung part 14 .
  • the sound sensor 30 e of the present embodiment is provided in the axle box 14 b and acquires the information on the sound of the bogie 10 .
  • a target of obtaining the sound information is not limited, but in the present embodiment, a surrounding space of the track 8 or the wheel 16 is targeted.
  • the surface states such as wear, deformation, and surface roughness of the target can be understood based on the sound information.
  • the sound sensor 30 e may also be a microphone.
  • the information on the reflected light is acquired by an optical sensor 30 f based on the known principle.
  • the optical sensor 30 f can be provided on the bogie frame 12 or the unsprung part 14 .
  • the optical sensor 30 f of the present embodiment is provided on the bogie frame 12 and acquires the information on the reflected light of the bogie 10 .
  • the optical sensor 30 f may irradiate a target with external light such as sunlight or external illumination light to detect the reflected light.
  • the optical sensor 30 f of the present embodiment irradiates the target with light such as a laser from a light irradiator 32 provided on the bogie 10 to obtain the reflected light, and detects the reflected light.
  • a target of obtaining the reflected light is not limited, but in the present embodiment, the tread surface 16 b of the track 8 or the wheel 16 is targeted.
  • the surface states such as wear and deformation of the target can be understood based on the reflected light information.
  • image information on an image is acquired by an image sensor 30 g based on the known principle.
  • the image sensor 30 g can be provided on the bogie frame 12 or the unsprung part 14 .
  • the image sensor 30 g of the present embodiment is provided on the bogie frame 12 and acquires the information on the image of the bogie 10 .
  • the image sensor 30 g may irradiate a target with external light such as the sun or external lighting to detect an image of the object.
  • the image sensor 30 g of the present embodiment irradiates the target with light from the light irradiator 32 provided in the bogie 10 to obtain the image to detect the image of the target.
  • a target of obtaining the reflected light is not limited, but in the present embodiment, an upper surface of the track 8 or the tread surface 16 b of the wheel 16 is targeted.
  • the surface states such as wear and deformation of the target can be understood based on the image information.
  • the temperature information on the temperature is acquired by a temperature sensor 30 h based on the known principle.
  • the temperature sensor 30 h can be provided on the bogie frame 12 or the unsprung part 14 .
  • the temperature sensor 30 h of the present embodiment is provided in the axle box 14 b and acquires the information on the temperature of the bogie 10 .
  • a target of obtaining the temperature information is not limited, but in the present embodiment, a temperature or an ambient temperature of the track 8 or the wheel 16 is targeted.
  • the stress state of the target can be understood based on the temperature information.
  • a state of thermal expansion of the target can be understood based on the temperature information.
  • the cumulative stress state of the target can be understood based on the history of the temperature information.
  • humidity information on humidity is acquired by a humidity sensor 30 j based on the known principle.
  • the humidity sensor 30 j can be provided on the bogie frame 12 or the unsprung part 14 .
  • the humidity sensor 30 j of the present embodiment is provided on the bogie frame 12 and acquires the information on the humidity of the bogie 10 .
  • a target of obtaining the humidity information is not limited, but in the present embodiment, an ambient temperature of the track 8 or the wheel 16 is targeted.
  • a state of a coefficient of friction of the target can be understood based on the humidity information.
  • a rust state of the target can be understood based on the history of the humidity information.
  • wheel diameter information on a radius of the wheel 16 is acquired by a distance sensor 30 k based on the known principle.
  • the distance sensor 30 k can be provided on the bogie frame 12 or the unsprung part 14 .
  • the distance sensor 30 k of the present embodiment is provided on the bogie frame 12 , and acquires the wheel diameter information about the distance from the bogie frame 12 to the tread surface 16 b of the wheel 16 based on the reflected light such as infrared rays or laser light. Since the braking force changes depending on the wheel diameter, the state of the braking force can be understood based on the wheel diameter information. Based on the understood braking force, a pressing force of the brake shoe 18 b and an operation timing of the contact brake 18 d can be adjusted so as to obtain a more appropriate braking force.
  • each sensor 30 b , 30 c , 30 d , 30 e , 30 f , 30 g , 30 h , 30 j , and 30 k is not limited.
  • Each sensor 30 b , 30 c , 30 d , 30 e , 30 f , 30 g , 30 h , 30 j , and 30 k of the present embodiment may acquire information in a non-business state in which passengers or luggage is not mounted on the vehicle 100 . In this case, the influence of passengers and luggage on the acquired information can be reduced.
  • the acquirer 30 may constantly acquire the state information J 1 , but in this example, acquires the state information J 1 at a preset timing, in a preset state, or when the bogie 10 is in a preset position. In this case, by acquiring information at a certain timing or at a certain position, it is possible to easily compare the acquired information with past information and suppress power consumption.
  • the state information J 1 includes an error due to the influence due to a difference in conditions of a traveling track.
  • the conditions for this traveling track include tunnels, curves, railway bridges, slopes, and the like. From the viewpoint of suppressing the influence due to the difference in the conditions of the traveling track, the acquirer 30 can acquire the state information J 1 at the preset position based on the position information Jp.
  • the storage 46 temporarily stores the state information J 1 acquired by the acquirer 30 .
  • the storage 46 can store the state information J 1 in association with the acquisition timing. In this case, the states of the track 8 and the bogie 10 can be determined based on the history of state information J 1 .
  • the storage 46 stores a learning model M 1 described later.
  • the storage 46 stores the determination result of the determiner 44 regarding the states of the track 8 and the bogie 10 .
  • the storage 46 stores the position information Jp transmitted from the position information acquirer 82 .
  • the storage 46 temporarily stores these pieces of information. By storing the information in the storage 46 , the data can be collected and transmitted in a state suitable for transmission.
  • the determiner 44 determines the states of the track 8 and the bogie 10 based on the state information J 1 .
  • the inventor's study suggests that there is a certain correlation between the state information J 1 and the states of the track 8 and the bogie 10 . By using this correlation, the states of the track 8 and the bogie 10 can be determined from the state information J 1 .
  • the determiner 44 may determine the states of the track 8 and the bogie 10 using a preset reference value (hereinafter, referred to as “threshold”). For example, the determiner 44 may determine to be normal when the state information J 1 is equal to or less than the threshold, and may determine to be abnormal when the state information J 1 exceeds the threshold.
  • the determiner 44 may determine the states of the track 8 and the bogie 10 using the reference state information J 1 previously acquired. For example, the determiner 44 may set a threshold by adding a predetermined margin to the reference state information J 1 , determine to be normal that the state information J 1 is equal to or less than the threshold, and determine to be abnormal when the state information J 1 exceeds the threshold.
  • the determiner 44 may determine the states of the track 8 and the bogie 10 using the learning model M 1 stored in the storage 46 .
  • the determination results of these determiners 44 are collectively referred to as a determination result E 1 .
  • the determiner 44 may use a plurality of thresholds, and the state information J 1 may be classified into the plurality of categories from a normality to an abnormality by the plurality of thresholds.
  • the determination result E 1 may be the category after the classification.
  • the determiner 44 may determine the states of the track 8 and the bogie 10 at a random timing, but in this example, determine the states of the track 8 and the bogie 10 at a preset timing, in a preset state, or when the bogie 10 is at a preset position.
  • the determiner 44 can determine the states of the track 8 and the bogie 10 at the preset position based on the position information Jp. In this case, the influence due to the difference in the conditions of the traveling track can be suppressed.
  • the learning model M 1 will be described.
  • the determiner 44 in this example uses the learning model M 1 to determine a state Ck of the track 8 and the bogie 10 .
  • the learning model M 1 is an AI model generated by machine learning based on the reference state information previously acquired and the actual measurement data in the state of the track or the state of the bogie corresponding to the reference state information.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a data set Ds 1 of the learning model M 1 .
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically illustrating the learning model M 1 . As illustrated in FIG. 5 , the learning model M 1 provides output data corresponding to the input data, based on the input data.
  • the learning model M 1 can be generated using the known machine learning method such as a support vector machine, a neural network (including deep learning), or a random forest.
  • the learning model M 1 is stored in the storage 46 .
  • the learning model M 1 may be generated based on the actual measurement data previously collected for other bogies of the same type, but in the present embodiment, is generated by the model generator 45 provided on the bogie 10 by using the actual measurement data collected for the bogie 10 itself to be determined as the data set Ds 1 .
  • the model generator 45 will be described.
  • the model generator 45 generates the learning model M 1 in advance by the machine learning based on the state Ck of the track 8 and the bogie 10 and the state information J 1 corresponding to the state Ck.
  • the model generator 45 uses the state Ck (Ck( 0 ), Ck( 1 ) . . . ) previously acquired and the state information J 1 (J 1 ( 0 ), J 1 ( 1 ) . . . ) as the data set Ds 1 , and generates the data set Ds 1 as teacher data by the machine learning (supervised learning).
  • state information J 1 and the state Ck each are unitary data
  • the state information J 1 and the state Ck each may be pluralistic data.
  • the state information J 1 and the state Ck may be numerical data digitized in a predetermined unit.
  • the collection conditions of the actual measurement data of the data set Ds' are not limited, but in this example, the actual measurement data of the data set Ds 1 is collected at a preset position based on the position information Jp. In this case, the influence due to the difference in the conditions of the traveling track can be suppressed.
  • the determiner 44 inputs the newly acquired state information J 1 as input data to the learning model M 1 , and obtains the state Ck of the track 8 and the bogie 10 as output data from the learning model M 1 .
  • the determiner 44 outputs the state Ck of the track 8 and the bogie 10 acquired from the learning model M 1 as the determination result E 1 .
  • the learning model M 1 may be used without updating in an initial setting state, but is updated in this example.
  • the model generator 45 updates the learning model M 1 by the machine learning based on the newly acquired new state information and the actual measurement data of the state of the track or the state of the bogie corresponding to the new state information. In this case, the determination accuracy can be maintained even if the relationship between the state information J 1 and the state Ck of the track 8 and the bogie 10 changes due to factors such as the season and years of use.
  • the model generator 45 may update the learning model M 1 at random timing, but in this example, updates the learning model M 1 in a preset state and at a preset timing. For example, the model generator 45 can update the learning model M 1 according to the season and set schedule.
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 1 to the outside (hereinafter, simply referred to as “outside” in this specification) of the bogie 10 .
  • the determination result E 1 transmitted from the transmitter 48 may be received by the cab 2 d , or may be received by a computer 84 c of a ground command station 84 outside the vehicle 100 or a cloud system.
  • the determination result E 1 may be displayed on a vehicle monitor 2 e of the cab 2 d .
  • the transmitter 48 transmits a brake control signal Bc to the brake controller 60 when the determination result E 1 satisfies the preset condition.
  • the brake controller 60 changes operation timings of the contact brake 18 d and the regenerative brake 18 e according to the brake control signal Bc.
  • the transmitter 48 can transmit information via a bus line, a network line, a dedicated line, or a general-purpose line in a wired or a wireless manner.
  • the transmitter 48 may transmit information using a standardized communication method such as Bluetooth (registered trademark), or Wi-Fi (registered trademark).
  • the transmitter 48 transmits information to the outside in a wireless manner.
  • a transmission timing of the transmitter 48 is not limited, but in the present embodiment, the transmission timing of the transmitter 48 is controlled by the transmission controller 42 .
  • the transmission controller 42 controls the transmitter 48 to transmit the determination result E 1 .
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 1 under the control of the transmission controller 42 . In this case, the amount of transmission data can be suppressed as compared with the case of transmitting at any time.
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 1 when the determination result E 1 of the determiner 44 satisfies the preset condition, and does not transmit the determination result E 1 when the determination result E 1 does not satisfy the preset condition. For example, the transmitter 48 may not transmit the determination result E 1 when the determination result E 1 indicates a normality, but may transmit the determination result E 1 when the determination result E 1 indicates an abnormality. Further, the transmitter 48 may transmit the determination result E 1 when the determination result E 1 changes with respect to the past determination result.
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 1 when the determination result E 1 of the determiner 44 is greater than the preset level of the information amount of the determination result E 1 , and does not transmit the determination result E 1 when the determination result E 1 is lower than the preset level. In this case, the total amount of transmitted data can be suppressed.
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 1 when the generated power of the generator 70 g is greater than the preset level, and does not transmit the determination result E 1 when the generated power is lower than the preset level. In addition, the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 1 when the residual storage amount of the battery 70 b is greater than the preset level, and does not transmit the determination result E 1 when the generated power is lower than the preset level. In this case, the erroneous transmission due to the power shortage during the transmission can be prevented. Specifically, the transmission controller 42 may control the transmitter 48 based on the power information Je of the power controller 70 m.
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 1 based on the position information Jp when the bogie 10 is at the preset transmission position. In addition, the transmitter 48 does not transmit the determination result E 1 based on the position information Jp when the bogie 10 is at the non-transmission position set separately beforehand. Examples of the non-transmission positions include locations with transmission failure, such as tunnels, mountain shades, or shadows of buildings.
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 1 when a communication state with a communication partner is greater (good) than a preset level, and does not transmit the determination result E 1 when the communication state is lower (bad) than the preset level. For example, the transmitter 48 does not transmit the determination result E 1 when the communication state is bad due to tunnels, mountain shades, shadows of buildings, and the like, but transmits the determination result E 1 when the communication state is good.
  • the communication state can be determined according to the rate of occurrence of communication errors due to mutual communication with the ground command station 84 .
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 1 at the transmission timing according to a preset transmission schedule.
  • the transmission timing there are times such as early morning and late night where there is less external vibration and noise. In this case, the influence of external vibration or noise can be reduced. Also, by transmitting the determination result E 1 at a certain time, it is possible to reduce the influence of variation in temperature of the track 8 . In addition, the transmitter 48 does not transmit the determination result E 1 at the non-transmission timing set separately beforehand.
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 1 when a transmission request is made from the cab 2 d or the ground command station 84 .
  • the ground command station 84 can request a following vehicle to transmit the determination result E 1 at the position where the preceding vehicle determines to be an abnormality.
  • the ground command station 84 can transmit a transmission request signal (hereinafter simply referred to as “transmission request signal”) to the following vehicle in order to request the transmission of the determination result E 1 .
  • the ground command station 84 includes a computer 84 c and can communicate with the information processor 40 .
  • the computer 84 c receives the determination result E 1 and state information J 1 from the information processor 40 , and transmits a transmission request signal requesting the transmission of the determination result E 1 and state information J 1 to the information processor 40 .
  • the computer 84 c includes a re-determiner 84 j , a learning model 84 m , and a model generator 84 g.
  • the re-determiner 84 j re-determines the states of the track 8 and the bogie 10 based on the state information J 1 transmitted from the transmitter 48 . By making the re-determination, it is possible to confirm that the determination by the information processor 40 is correct. Although the configuration of the re-determiner 84 j is not limited, the re-determiner 84 j in this example re-determines the states of the track 8 and the bogie 10 using the learning model 84 m based on the state information J 1 .
  • the learning model 84 m may be the same as the learning model M 1 , but is different in this example. Since the computer 84 c is capable of processing a large amount of data at a higher speed than the information processor 40 , the model generator 84 g may generate the learning model 84 m by performing the machine learning in advance based on the states of the track 8 and the bogie 10 collected by a large number of vehicles and the state information corresponding thereto. The learning model 84 m may be larger than the learning model M 1 . The learning model 84 m may be used without updating in the initial setting state, but is updated in this example. The model generator 84 g updates the learning model 84 m at a preset time.
  • the predetermined information can be transmitted to the outside without receiving power supply from the vehicle body 2 .
  • the present embodiment includes the storage 46 , it is possible to collectively transmit data, and it is possible to select and transmit timing at which the communication state is good.
  • the present embodiment includes the position information acquirer 82 , it is possible to select and transmit a position where the communication state is good.
  • the determination result E 1 is transmitted when the determination result E 1 satisfies the preset condition, the total communication amount can be suppressed. Further, according to the present embodiment, since the determination result E 1 is transmitted according to the residual storage amount of the battery 70 b , it is possible to select and transmit when the residual storage amount is large.
  • the determination result E 1 is transmitted according to the communication state, it is possible to select and transmit when the communication state is good.
  • the determination is made using the learning model M 1 , the determination accuracy is high.
  • the present embodiment includes the model generator 45 , the learning model M 1 suitable for each bogie can be generated.
  • the learning model M 1 is updated, it is possible to suppress a decrease in determination accuracy due to seasonal fluctuations or a change over time.
  • the transmitter 48 is fixed to the bogie frame 12 , it is less susceptible to the vibration of the wheels 16 .
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a condition monitoring device 20 and a brake control device 80 according to the present embodiment.
  • the condition monitoring device 20 includes an acquirer 30 , an information processor 40 , a power supplier 70 , and a position information acquirer 82 .
  • the brake control device 80 includes the acquirer 30 , the information processor 40 , and a brake controller 60 .
  • the information processor 40 includes a determiner 44 , a storage 46 , a transmitter 48 , and a transmission controller 42 .
  • the acquirer 30 includes a vibration sensor 30 b and a speed sensor 30 c . Unless otherwise specified, the description of the first embodiment is applied to the configuration and operation of each of these elements.
  • the condition monitoring device 20 of the present embodiment makes a determination on an occurrence state of a flat of a tread surface 16 b of a wheel 16 and a worn state of a flange 16 c based on vibration information Jv on the vibration in the bogie 10 and speed information Js of the vehicle 100 , and provides the determination result.
  • the vibration information Jv and the speed information Js are collectively referred to as state information J 2 .
  • the occurrence state of the flat of the wheel 16 and the worn state of the flange 16 c are collectively referred to as a worn state Sw.
  • the worn state Sw includes abnormal wear such as tread surface peeling and thermal cracking of the tread surface 16 b of the wheel 16 .
  • the condition monitoring device 20 checks whether the speed of the vehicle 100 is a preset speed (hereinafter referred to as “determination speed”) based on the speed information Js, and determines the worn state Sw based on the vibration information Jv when the speed of the vehicle 100 is the determination speed.
  • the flat of the wheel 16 is a form of uneven wear of the tread surface 16 b of the wheel 16 caused by friction with the track 8 .
  • the storage 46 temporarily stores the vibration information Jv acquired by the acquirer 30 .
  • the storage 46 can store the vibration information Jv in association with the acquisition timing. Further, the storage 46 can classify the vibration information Jv into a plurality of ranks according to the level, and store the rank after the classification in association with the acquisition timing. In addition, the storage 46 can store the position where the vibration information Jv is acquired in association with the vibration information Jv based on the position information Jp.
  • the transmitter 48 can transmit the storage content of the storage 46 to the outside.
  • the acquirer 30 is attached to the bogie 10 and acquires the vibration information Jv on the vibration in the bogie 10 and the speed information Js of the vehicle 100 .
  • the vibration information Jv is acquired by the vibration sensor 30 b
  • the speed information Js is acquired by the speed sensor 30 c .
  • the vibration sensor 30 b may be attached to a bogie frame or an axle box.
  • the speed sensor 30 c may be any one that can detect the speed of the vehicle 100 , and may be, for example, an encoder that outputs a number of pulses according to rotation of an axle.
  • the speed of the vehicle 100 can be calculated by counting the pulses of the encoder.
  • the speed sensor 30 c may be a Doppler sensor that uses laser reflection.
  • the determiner 44 will be described.
  • the determiner 44 makes a determination on the worn state Sw of the wheel 16 of the bogie 10 based on the vibration information Jv and the speed information Js acquired by the acquirer 30 and provides a determination result E 2 .
  • the vibration of the bogie 10 increases as the flat of the wheel 16 or the wear of the flange 16 c increases. It is also suggested that when the vehicle speed is in a predetermined state, there is a certain correlation between the vibration information Jv of the bogie 10 and the occurrence state of the flat of the wheel 16 or the worn state of the flange 16 c . Therefore, the flat of the wheel 16 or the worn state of the flange 16 c can be determined from the vibration information Jv.
  • the determiner 44 may determine the flat of the wheel 16 or the worn state of the flange 16 c using the preset threshold or the threshold set by adding a predetermined margin to the reference vibration information (for example, at the time of shipping, at the time of previous maintenance, on the same day, the previous day, or the latest certain period, and the like) previously acquired. In this case, it is possible to reduce the error caused by the individual difference of the vehicle or the bogie and improve the determination accuracy.
  • the determiner 44 can determine that the flat of the wheel 16 or the wear of the flange 16 c is within the allowable range when the acquired vibration information Jv is equal to or lower than the threshold, and the flat of the wheel 16 or the wear of the flange 16 c exceeds the allowable range when the acquired vibration information Jv exceeds the threshold.
  • the threshold set in advance, the vibration information previously acquired, and the occurrence state of the flat, or the worn state of the flange 16 c are stored in the storage 46 .
  • the change over time of the vibration information can be calculated. Based on this change over time, the flat of the wheel 16 or the future wear of the flange 16 c can be predicted.
  • the information processor 40 stores the vibration information Jv in the storage 46 together with the elapsed time when the vibration information Jv acquired in the traveling state of the vehicle 100 exceeds the preset threshold.
  • This threshold may be plural.
  • the traveling state of vehicle 100 may be in a power traveling state, a coasting state, or a braking state.
  • the determiner 44 measures the cycle (hereinafter, referred to as “vibration cycle”) of the timing at which the vibration information Jv exceeds the threshold based on the storage result of the storage 46 .
  • the determiner 44 determines that flat occurs on the tread surface 16 b of the wheel 16 or abnormal wear such as tread surface peeling or thermal cracking occurs when the vibration cycle is inversely proportional to the speed of the vehicle 100 .
  • the determiner 44 classifies the vibration information Jv into a plurality of ranks according to the level, and provides the ranks after the classification as the determination result E 2 .
  • the determination result E 2 is stored in the storage 46 .
  • the worn state Sw is determined using the learning model M 2 generated by machine learning.
  • the learning model M 2 is generated by the machine learning based on the reference vibration information Jv acquired in advance and the actual measurement data of the occurrence state of the flat of the wheel 16 or the worn state of the flange 16 c corresponding to the reference vibration information Jv, at a predetermined vehicle speed, for the bogie 10 .
  • the determination accuracy is high.
  • the learning model M 2 may be generated based on the actual measurement data of the bogie 10 itself to be determined, or may be generated based on the actual measurement data of the bogie different from the bogie 10 to be determined.
  • the learning model M 2 is stored in the storage 46 .
  • FIG. 7 An example of the data set Ds 2 of the learning model M 2 is illustrated in FIG. 7 .
  • a schematic diagram of the learning model M 2 is illustrated in FIG. 8 .
  • the learning model M 2 provides output data corresponding to the input data, based on the input data.
  • the learning model M 2 is generated in advance by the machine learning based on the worn state Sw of the wheel 16 and the vibration information Jv corresponding to the worn state Sw.
  • the worn state Sw Sw( 0 ), Sw( 1 ) . . .
  • the vibration information Jv Jv( 0 ), Jv( 1 ) . . .
  • the learning model M 2 is generated by the machine learning (supervised learning) using the data set Ds 2 as teacher data.
  • vibration information Jv and the worn state Sw each are unitary data
  • the vibration information Jv and the worn state Sw each may be pluralistic data.
  • the vibration information Jv and the worn state Sw may be numerical data digitized in a predetermined unit.
  • the collection conditions of the actual measurement data of the data set Ds 2 are not limited, but in this example, the actual measurement data of the data set Ds 2 is collected at a preset position based on the position information Jp. In this case, the influence due to the difference in the conditions of the traveling track can be suppressed.
  • the determiner 44 determines the occurrence state of the flat of the wheel 16 or the worn state of the flange 16 c based on the plurality of pieces of vibration information Jv acquired at the plurality of mutually separated locations of the bogie 10 .
  • the plurality of pieces of vibration information Jv can be compared, the in-phase component can be removed and the determination accuracy can be improved.
  • another vibration sensor that acquires the vibration information is provided on another wheel that is separated in the front-back direction of the same vehicle 100 , and the vibration of the wheel 16 to be determined is referenced by referring to the vibration information of another wheel.
  • this peak can be excluded from the determination result E 2 by distinguished as being due to abnormal vibration caused by track states such as track joints, track wear, and track damage. In this case, it is possible to reduce erroneous determination due to the abnormal vibration caused by the track state.
  • the number of other wheels is not limited to one, and may be two or more wheels separated in the front-back direction.
  • the peak of the vibration information Jv in the present disclosure is not limited to the maximum value and includes a region where the vibration information Jv exceeds the threshold and is large.
  • the rotational position of the wheel 16 (hereinafter, referred to as “peak position”) at the timing when the peak of the vibration information Jv occurs is detected, and the wear position is determined based on the peak position. If each peak position in a plurality of rotations is random, it can be determined that the vibration is due to the state of the track, and if each peak position is substantially constant, it can be determined that the vibration is due to wear of the wheel 16 . When each peak position is substantially constant, it can be determined that abnormal wear such as flat, tread surface peeling, and thermal cracking has occurred on the wheel 16 at that position.
  • the rotational position of the wheel 16 can be acquired by counting the pulses of the encoder of the speed sensor 30 c.
  • the vibration information Jv is acquired by the vibration sensor 30 b attached to the bogie frame 12 of the bogie 10 or the unsprung part 14 supported from the bogie frame 12 via the shaft spring 12 j .
  • the vibration sensor 30 b since the vibration sensor 30 b can be arranged near the wheel 16 , the vibration can be acquired with high accuracy.
  • the vibration sensor 30 b is provided in the axle box 14 b and detects the vibration of the wheel 16 via the axle box 14 b .
  • the vibration sensor 30 b may be provided on the axle 16 s or the bogie frame 12 .
  • the determiner 44 of the present embodiment is provided on the bogie frame 12 or the outside of the bogie 10 . In this case, since the determiner 44 can be arranged in a location where vibration is small, the influence due to the vibration can be mitigated. In this example, the determiner 44 is provided on the bogie frame 12 . The determiner 44 may be provided on the cab 2 d of the vehicle body 2 or the outside of the vehicle 100 .
  • the determiner 44 may determine the worn state Sw at a random timing, but in this example, determine the worn state Sw at a preset timing, in a preset state, or when the bogie 10 is at a preset position. In this case, the influence due to the difference in the conditions of the traveling track can be suppressed.
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 2 of the determiner 44 to the outside of the bogie 10 .
  • the determination result E 2 can be used externally.
  • the transmitter 48 is provided on the bogie frame 12 .
  • the transmitter 48 may be provided on the vehicle body 2 .
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 2 to the cab 2 d of the vehicle body 2 and displays the determination result E 2 on a vehicle monitor 2 e of the cab 2 d .
  • the transmitter 48 may transmit the determination result E 2 to a computer 84 c of a ground command station 84 outside the vehicle 100 or a cloud system.
  • the cab 2 d and the vehicle monitor 2 e exemplify a device that receives the determination result E 2 of the determiner 44 .
  • the transmitter 48 transmits a brake control signal Bc to a brake controller 60 of the brake control device 80 when the determination result E 2 satisfies the preset condition.
  • the brake control device 80 changes how to apply the brake 18 based on the brake control signal Bc.
  • the brake controller 60 changes operation timings of the contact brake 18 d and the regenerative brake 18 e when receiving the brake control signal Bc.
  • the brake controller 60 is arranged in the cab 2 d of the vehicle 100 .
  • the transmission controller 42 controls the timing of transmitting the determination result E 2 .
  • the transmitter 48 can transmit the determination result E 2 to the outside of the bogie 10 in the following cases.
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 2 when the determination result E 2 of the determiner 44 satisfies the preset condition, and does not transmit the determination result E 2 when the determination result E 2 does not satisfy the preset condition.
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 2 when the determination result E 2 has changed with respect to the past determination result, and does not transmit the determination result E 2 when the determination result E 2 has not changed.
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 2 when the information amount of the determination result E 2 of the determiner 44 is greater than the preset level, and does not transmit the determination result E 2 when the information amount of the determination result E 2 of the determiner 44 is lower than the preset level.
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 2 when the bogie 10 is at the preset transmission position, and does not transmit the determination result E 2 when the bogie 10 is at the preset non-transmission position.
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 2 when the communication state with the communication partner is greater than the preset level, and does not transmit the determination result E 2 when the communication state is lower than the preset level.
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 2 when the transmission request is made from the cab 2 d or the ground command station 84 .
  • the ground command station 84 can transmit the transmission request signal to the information processor 40 to request the transmission of the determination result E 2 .
  • the vibration sensor 30 b and the determiner 44 are attached to the bogie 10 of the present embodiment. In this case, it is possible to acquire the vibration information Jv and determine the worn state of the wheel 16 on the bogie 10 .
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a condition monitoring device 20 and a brake control device 80 according to the present embodiment.
  • Brake squeal may occur when the contact brake 18 d is operated.
  • the brake squeal is an abnormal noise in which vibration from a friction surface caused by a touch of a brake shoe 18 b to a braking member 18 c during braking is amplified and generated by the brake shoe 18 b or the braking member 18 c , and is called braking noise.
  • the brake squeal occurs due to the wear or the like of the friction surface of the brake shoe 18 b and the braking member 18 c . If the brake squeal occurs, the brake shoe 18 b and the braking member 18 c may be damaged if the brake squeal is left as it is, and it is preferable to replace the brake shoe 18 b or the braking member 18 c early.
  • the brake squeal can be suppressed by changing a material of a friction material of the brake shoe 18 b , a curvature of the friction material, and a pressing force of the brake shoe 18 b.
  • sound information Jn sound information
  • vibration information Jv vibration information acquired by the vibration sensor 30 b
  • occurrence state Sn an occurrence state of the brake squeal. Therefore, the occurrence state Sn of the brake squeal can be determined from the sound information Jn or the vibration information Jv.
  • the condition monitoring device 20 includes an acquirer 30 , an information processor 40 , and a power supplier 70 .
  • the brake control device 80 includes the acquirer 30 , the information processor 40 , a brake controller 60 , and a position information acquirer 82 .
  • the information processor 40 includes a determiner 44 , a storage 46 , a transmitter 48 , and a transmission controller 42 .
  • the brake 18 is constituted by a contact brake 18 d and a regenerative brake 18 e .
  • the acquirer 30 includes at least one of vibration sensor 30 b and sound sensor 30 e .
  • the acquirer 30 acquires the sound information Jn on the sound in the bogie 10 or the vibration information Jv on the vibration when the brake shoe 18 b is pressed against a tread surface 16 b of a wheel 16 which is a braking member 18 c in the bogie 10 of the vehicle 100 to generate a braking force.
  • the sound information Jn and the vibration information Jv are collectively referred to as state information J 3 . Unless otherwise specified, the description of the first embodiment is applied to the configuration and operation of each of these elements.
  • the determiner 44 determines the occurrence state Sn of the brake squeal of the brake shoe 18 b or the braking member 18 c based on the sound information Jn or the vibration information Jv acquired by the acquirer 30 , and provides the determination result E 3 .
  • the determination result E 3 is a result of classifying the occurrence state Sn of the brake squeal into a plurality of ranks according to the level. For example, the determination result E 3 may be a result classified into two ranks, that is, whether or not the brake squeal substantially occurs, or a result classified into three or more ranks more finely.
  • the brake squeal which is small and can be practically ignored, is not treated as the brake squeal.
  • the brake controller 60 changes the braking force so that the brake squeal is reduced.
  • the brake controller 60 changes the braking force according to a brake control signal Bc transmitted from the information processor 40 .
  • the condition monitoring device 20 will be described.
  • the condition monitoring device 20 detects the brake squeal of the brake shoe 18 b or the braking member 18 c based on the sound information Jn or the vibration information Jv of the bogie 10 when the brake shoe 18 b is pressed against the braking member 18 c in the bogie 10 to generate the braking force.
  • the determiner 44 of the information processor 40 determines the occurrence state of the brake squeal based on the sound information Jn or the vibration information Jv, and provides the determination result E 3 .
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an operation S 110 of the brake control device 80 .
  • the operation S 110 is started when a brake command is turned on by a driver's operation (step S 111 ).
  • the determiner 44 determines whether a regenerative brake 18 e is operating (step S 112 ).
  • the acquirer 30 acquires the sound information Jn or the vibration information Jv when the contact brake 18 d is operating and the regenerative brake 18 e is not operating.
  • step S 112 When the regenerative brake 18 e is operating (Y in step S 112 ), the determiner 44 returns the process to the beginning of step S 112 , and repeats step S 112 until the regenerative brake 18 e is not operated.
  • the acquirer 30 acquires the sound information Jn or the vibration information Jv (step S 113 ). Since the determination accuracy decreases if the acquisition period is too short, the acquirer 30 acquires the sound information Jn or the vibration information Jv continuously or intermittently for a preset period.
  • a storage 46 temporarily stores at least one of the sound information Jn and the vibration information Jv acquired by the acquirer 30 . Further, the storage 46 can store at least one of the sound information Jn and the vibration information Jv in association with the acquisition timing. The storage 46 can store at least one of the sound information Jn and the vibration information Jv in association with the position information Jp of the acquired position.
  • the determiner 44 After acquiring the sound information Jn or the vibration information Jv, the determiner 44 determines the occurrence state of the brake squeal of the brake shoe 18 b or the braking member 18 c based on the sound information Jn or the vibration information Jv acquired by the acquirer 30 . In this example, the determiner 44 determines whether or not the brake squeal has occurred (step S 114 ). In this step, the determiner 44 provides the determination result E 3 classified into two ranks, that is, whether or not the brake squeal occurs.
  • the determiner 44 When the brake squeal occurs (Y in step S 114 ), the determiner 44 provides the determination result E 3 indicating that the brake squeal occurs to the transmitter 48 .
  • the transmitter 48 provided with the determination result E 3 transmits the brake control signal Bc to the brake controller 60 .
  • the brake controller 60 that has received the brake control signal Bc adjusts the braking force so as to reduce the brake squeal (step S 115 ).
  • the adjustment pattern of the braking force is not limited as long as the braking noise is reduced.
  • the brake controller 60 may decrease or increase the braking force, or may increase or decrease the braking force in the preset pattern.
  • the braking force can be increased or decreased by changing the force with which the brake shoe 18 b is pressed against the braking member 18 c .
  • the amount of change in the braking force is set within the range in which the change in the braking distance is not practically a problem.
  • step S 113 After adjusting the braking force, the process returns to the beginning of step S 113 , and steps S 113 to S 115 are repeated until the braking squeal stops. During this repetition, the braking force may be gradually increased.
  • the determiner 44 provides the determination result E 3 indicating that the brake squeal does not occur, and the operation S 110 ends.
  • This operation S 110 is merely an example, and the order of steps may be changed, or some steps may be added/deleted/changed.
  • the brake squeal can be detected, the brake squeal can be suppressed, and the occurrence state of the brake squeal can be notified to the outside.
  • the vibration sensor 30 b is attached to the position where the vibration of the brake shoe 18 b can be detected.
  • the sound sensor 30 e is attached to the position where the sound near the brake shoe 18 b can be detected.
  • the vibration sensor 30 b and the sound sensor 30 e are attached to the bogie frame 12 of the bogie 10 or a portion supported through a spring from the bogie frame 12 .
  • the sound sensor 30 e or the vibration sensor 30 b is provided in the axle box 14 b , and detects the sound or vibration of the wheel 16 via the axle box 14 b .
  • the sound sensor 30 e or the vibration sensor 30 b may be provided on the axle 16 s or the bogie frame 12 .
  • the vibration sensor 30 b can detect the frequency and amplitude of vibration of the brake shoe 18 b .
  • the sound sensor 30 e can detect the frequency and amplitude of sound of the contact brake 18 d.
  • the determiner 44 of the present embodiment is provided on the bogie frame 12 or the outside of the bogie 10 .
  • the determiner 44 is provided on the bogie frame 12 .
  • the determiner 44 may be provided on the cab 2 d of the vehicle body 2 or the outside of the vehicle 100 .
  • the speed sensor that acquires the vehicle speed may be, for example, an encoder that outputs a number of pulses according to a rotation of an axle.
  • the speed of the vehicle 100 can be calculated by counting the pulses of the encoder.
  • the speed sensor may be a Doppler sensor that uses laser reflection.
  • the braking force can be obtained from a brake command device of a contact brake 18 d . Note that the braking force may be acquired based on a pressure of a brake cylinder of the contact brake 18 d.
  • the determiner 44 determines that the brake squeal is occurring when the sound information Jn or the vibration information Jv satisfies a preset determination condition. This determination can be made based on, for example, a degree of coincidence between the frequency spectrum of the sound information Jn or the vibration information Jv and the frequency spectrum unique to the brake squeal previously analyzed. The determination may be performed at a constant vehicle speed or may be performed by shifting the frequency spectrum according to the vehicle speed.
  • the determination conditions such as the frequency spectrum of the brake squeal can be set by experiments or simulations. The determination conditions are stored in the storage 46 .
  • the determiner 44 uses the learning model M 3 generated in advance by the machine learning based on the reference sound information Jn or the reference vibration information Jv and the actual measurement data of the occurrence state Sn of the brake squeal to determine the occurrence state Sn of the brake squeal.
  • the reference sound information Jn or the reference vibration information Jv is actual measurement data acquired in advance for the sound information Jn or the vibration information Jv.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a data set Ds 3 of the learning model M 3 .
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram schematically illustrating the learning model M 3 .
  • the occurrence state Sn (Sn( 0 ), Sn( 1 ) . . . ) of the brake squeal measured in advance, the sound information Jn (Jn( 0 ), Jn( 1 ) . . . ), and the vibration information Jv (Jv( 0 ), Jv( 1 ) . . . ) are used as the data set Ds 3 .
  • the learning model M 3 (supervised learning) is generated by the machine learning (supervised learning) using the data set Ds 3 as teacher data.
  • the sound information Jn, the vibration information Jv, and the occurrence state Sn each may be an example of unitary data, but may be pluralistic data. Further, the sound information Jn, the vibration information Jv, and the occurrence state Sn may be numerical data digitized in a predetermined unit.
  • the learning model M 3 may be generated based on the actual measurement data of the bogie 10 itself to be determined, or may be generated based on the actual measurement data of the bogie different from the bogie 10 to be determined.
  • the learning model M 3 is stored in the storage 46 .
  • the collection conditions of the actual measurement data of the data set Ds 3 are not limited, but in this example, the actual measurement data of the data set Ds 3 is collected at a preset position based on the position information Jp to be described later. In this case, the influence due to the difference in the conditions of the traveling track can be suppressed.
  • the learning model M 3 is generated by referring to at least one actual measurement data of the material of the brake shoe 18 b , the shape of the brake shoe 18 b , the pressing force of the brake shoe 18 b , the speed of the vehicle 100 , the vibration frequency of the brake shoe 18 b , and the braking force. In this case, it is possible to improve the determination accuracy by referring to the actual measurement data.
  • the brake shoe 18 b is worn by use, and the shape or natural frequency thereof fluctuates, so the frequency spectrum of the brake squeal changes. Therefore, the determination condition of the determiner 44 or the learning model M 3 may be updated at a certain period depending on the wear of the brake shoe 18 b . This updating period can be set according to conditions such as a weight of the vehicle 100 , a traveling speed, and a distance between stations.
  • the determination condition of the determiner 44 or the initial setting of the learning model M 3 can be set according to the shape of the brake shoe 18 b at the time of manufacturing. In the present embodiment, the determination condition of the determiner 44 or the learning model M 3 is updated when the brake shoe 18 b is worn to a preset degree.
  • the updated determination condition or the learning model M 3 is stored in the storage 46 .
  • the storage 46 can store at least one of the sound information Jn and the vibration information Jv based on the position information Jp, by associating the information with the acquired position. In addition, the storage 46 can also store the sound information or the vibration information previously acquired and the past occurrence state Sn of the brake squeal in association with each other.
  • the transmitter 48 can transmit the storage content of the storage 46 to the outside.
  • the determiner 44 can calculate the change over time of the brake sound by comparing the sound information Jn or the vibration information Jv with the reference sound information or vibration information. The determiner 44 can predict a future occurrence time of the brake squeal based on the change over time.
  • the present embodiment includes the transmitter 48 that transmits the determination result E 3 of the determiner 44 to the outside of the bogie 10 .
  • the determination result E 3 can be used externally.
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 3 to the cab 2 d of the vehicle body 2 and displays the determination result E 3 on a vehicle monitor 2 e of the cab 2 d .
  • the transmitter 48 may transmit the determination result E 3 to a computer 84 c of an external ground command station 84 or a cloud system.
  • the brake control device 80 changes the braking force so that the brake squeal is reduced, thereby suppressing the brake squeal.
  • the determination accuracy is high by performing the determination using the determination condition.
  • the learning model M 3 is generated by referring to the actual measurement data of any one of the material of the brake shoe 18 b , the shape of the brake shoe 18 b , the pressing force of the brake shoe 18 b , the speed of the vehicle 100 , the frequency of the brake shoe 18 b , and the braking force, thereby improving the determination accuracy.
  • the sound information Jn or the vibration information Jv when the regenerative brake 18 e is not operating, it is less likely to be affected by the sound or vibration by the regenerative brake 18 e.
  • the determiner 44 can be arranged in a place where vibration is small, and the influence of vibration can be reduced.
  • the regenerative brake 18 e may be temporarily operated. In this case, the increase in the braking distance can be suppressed.
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a condition monitoring device 20 and a brake control device 80 according to the present embodiment.
  • the ride comfort decreases.
  • the factors of the bogie 10 include an abnormality (hereinafter, referred to as “wheel abnormality” in the description of the present embodiment) of a wheel state and an abnormality (hereinafter, referred to as “track abnormality” in the description of the present embodiment) of a track state.
  • the wheel abnormality is a case where the state (hereinafter, referred to as “wheel state” in the description of the present embodiment) related to the worn state of the wheel is worse than a preset standard.
  • the wheel abnormality in the description of the present embodiment may be caused by a large difference (hereinafter, referred to as “wheel diameter difference” in the description of the present embodiment) in wheel diameters of the wheels 16 on both sides in a width direction fixed to an axle 16 s , and is mainly caused by uneven wear or unequal wear of the wheels 16 on both sides in the width direction. Therefore, the wheel diameter difference is measured, and if the wheel diameter difference is large, it can be evaluated as the wheel abnormality.
  • the track abnormality is a case where the state (hereinafter, referred to as “track state” in the description of the present embodiment) related to the unequal state of the track on both sides in the width direction is worse than a preset standard.
  • the track abnormality in the description of the present embodiment is an unequal deformation of the track surfaces on both sides in the width direction (hereinafter, referred to as “track unbalance” in the description of the present embodiment), and mainly occurs by the unequal wear and unequal undulations on the track surfaces on both sides in the width direction. Therefore, the track unbalance is measured, and if the track unbalance is large, it can be evaluated as the track abnormality.
  • the wheel diameter difference can be calculated, for example, by measuring the wheel diameters of each wheel when the vehicle 100 is stopped at a vehicle base and from the measured result.
  • the track unbalance can be evaluated based on a track image and a measurement result of vibration of a traveling vehicle.
  • measuring the wheel diameter difference and the track unbalance requires a special measuring device to perform a special measuring operation, which is disadvantageous in terms of cost.
  • the wheel diameter difference of the wheels 16 on both sides in the width direction is obtained using the measurement data measured during normal traveling of the vehicle 100 , and the wheel state is evaluated from the result.
  • the wheel diameter difference is obtained and the wheel condition is evaluated, using inclination information of an inclination sensor attached to the bogie 10 .
  • the track unbalance is obtained based on this measurement data, and the track state is evaluated.
  • the condition monitoring device 20 includes an acquirer 30 , an information processor 40 , a power supplier 70 , and a position information acquirer 82 .
  • the brake control device 80 includes the acquirer 30 , the information processor 40 , and a brake controller 60 .
  • the information processor 40 includes a determiner 44 , a storage 46 , a transmitter 48 , and a transmission controller 42 . Unless otherwise specified, the description of the first embodiment is applied to the configuration and operation of each of these elements.
  • the acquirer 30 includes an inclination sensor 30 m that acquires the inclination information Jm with respect to a horizontal plane of the axle 16 s and a vibration sensor 30 b that acquires the vibration information Jv of the bogie 10 .
  • the acquirer 30 provides the inclination information Jm and the vibration information Jv to the information processor 40 as acquisition information J 4 .
  • the information processor 40 acquires stroke information Jq from a yaw damper stroke sensor 34 .
  • the information processor 40 obtains another axle inclination information Jr on another axle from another axle inclination sensor 36 .
  • the other axle inclination information Jr may be inclination information of another axle or inclination information of a plurality of other axles.
  • the other axle inclination sensor 36 will be described later.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram schematically illustrating the swinging of the bogie 10 .
  • FIG. 14 mainly illustrates an unsprung part 14 supported from a bogie frame 12 via a shaft spring 12 j .
  • an X axis extending in a front-back direction on the horizontal plane
  • a Z-axis extending vertically on the X axis and the Y axis are defined.
  • Swinging about the X axis is called rolling
  • swinging about the Y axis is called pitching
  • swinging about the Z axis is called yawing.
  • the yaw damper stroke sensor 34 will be described.
  • the yaw damper stroke sensor 34 acquires stroke information Jq on the stroke of the yaw damper device.
  • the yaw damper device has one end attached to an end portion of the vehicle body 2 and the other end attached to a side portion of the bogie 10 to suppress the yawing of the bogie 10 with respect to the vehicle body 2 .
  • the stroke information Jq is large, and when the yawing is small, the stroke information Jq is small. That is, the size of yawing can be determined from the stroke information Jq.
  • the inclination sensor 30 m will be described. Although the inclination sensor 30 m is not limited, the inclination sensor 30 m of the present embodiment is an angle sensor that detects an angle of the axle 16 s with respect to the horizontal plane based on the known principle. The inclination sensor 30 m detects vertical distances at a plurality of positions of the axle 16 s in the width direction by a distance sensor, and calculates the inclination of the axle 16 s from the difference in the distances. In the following description, an example in which the inclination sensor 30 m is a sensor that measures the inclination angle in the rolling direction is shown.
  • the inclination sensor 30 m of the present embodiment is attached to, for example, an axle box 14 b of the unsprung part 14 of the axle 16 s .
  • Another axle inclination sensor 36 is attached to, for example, an axle box 14 b ( 2 ) of another axle 16 s ( 2 ).
  • the inclination sensor 30 m and the other axle inclination sensor 36 may be attached to the bogie frame 12 .
  • the vibration sensor 30 b may be attached to the bogie frame 12 .
  • the acquirer 30 acquires the inclination information Jm and the vibration information Jv continuously or intermittently for a preset period.
  • the storage 46 of the information processor 40 temporarily stores the inclination information Jm and the vibration information Jv acquired by the acquirer 30 .
  • the storage 46 can store the inclination information Jm and the vibration information Jv in association with the acquisition timing.
  • the storage 46 can store the inclination information Jm and the vibration information Jv in association with the position information Jp of the acquired position.
  • the determiner 44 determines the wheel state of the wheel 16 or the track state of the track 8 based on the inclination information Jm acquired by the acquirer 30 , and provides a determination result E 4 .
  • the determination result E 4 is the result of classifying the wheel state of the wheel 16 or the track state into a plurality of ranks according to the level thereof.
  • the determination result E 4 may be the result of classifying the wheel state of the wheel 16 or the track state into two ranks, or may be the result of finer classifying the wheel state or the track state into three or more ranks.
  • the determination result E 4 of the present embodiment indicates whether there is a wheel abnormality of the wheel 16 or whether there is a track abnormality of the track 8 .
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 4 of the determiner 44 to the outside of the bogie 10 .
  • the determination result E 4 can be used externally.
  • the transmitter 48 is provided on the bogie frame 12 .
  • the transmitter 48 may be provided on the vehicle body 2 .
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 4 to the cab 2 d of the vehicle body 2 .
  • the determination result E 4 may be displayed on a vehicle monitor 2 e of the cab 2 d .
  • the transmitter 48 may transmit the determination result E 4 to a computer 84 c of a ground command station 84 outside the vehicle 100 or a cloud system.
  • the transmitter 48 transmits a brake control signal Bc to a brake controller 60 so as to adjust the braking force when the determination result E 4 of the determiner 44 indicates the wheel abnormality or the track abnormality.
  • the brake controller 60 adjusts the braking force according to the brake control signal Bc transmitted from the transmitter 48 .
  • the acquirer 30 , the information processor 40 , and the brake controller 60 function as the brake control device 80 .
  • the determiner 44 determines that the wheel diameter difference is excessive when the inclination information Jm exceeds a preset threshold, and determines the wheel abnormality.
  • the inclination information Jm includes the inclination caused by the track unbalance and a cant (hereinafter, referred to as “track element” in the description of the present embodiment) of the track. Therefore, it is preferable to consider the track element in this determination.
  • the cant of the track is a height difference between the tracks on both sides in the width direction, which is designed to increase the stability of the vehicle on a curve.
  • the inclination information Jm may be acquired at a position where the track element is known, and the known track element may be subtracted from the inclination information Jm and used.
  • the known track elements can be obtained by collecting the track element corresponding to the position in advance and inputting the position information Jp to the database. The method can reduce the determination error caused by the track element.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of the inclination information for each point for each axle and an example of a cant design value for each track for each point.
  • standard deviations S 1 , S 2 . . . Sn indicate standard deviations of data of an axle in vertical one column (hereinafter, sometimes simply referred to as “column”) of the same point
  • standard deviations Z 1 , Z 2 . . . Z 20 indicate standard deviations of horizontal one row (hereinafter, sometimes referred to simply as “row”) of the same axle.
  • the determiner 44 determines the wheel state of the wheel 16 and the track state of the track 8 by using the inclination information (hereinafter, referred to as “a plurality of pieces of axle inclination information Mt” in the description of the present embodiment) on the plurality of axles acquired for the plurality of axles at a plurality of points, and provides the determination result E 4 .
  • the determination result E 4 includes the presence/absence of the wheel abnormality and the presence/absence of the track abnormality.
  • the plurality of pieces of axle inclination information Mt includes inclination information Jm of axle number 1 described later and another axle inclination information Jr of axle number 2-20 described later.
  • inclination information Jm, another axle inclination information Jr, and the plurality of pieces of axle inclination information Mt are collectively simply referred to as “inclination information”.
  • FIG. 15 illustrates that a train having axles 16 s of 20 axes (2 bogies per vehicle, 2 axes per bogie) in one organization of five trains acquires the plurality of pieces of axle inclination information Mt at n points.
  • the plurality of axle inclination information Mt obtained for each axle 16 s is indicated by data in one vertical one column of point number 1
  • the inclination information acquired for each axle 16 s is indicated by data in a vertical one column of the point number n.
  • a 1 , A 2 . . . A 20 are wheel components of the inclination caused by the wheel elements of each axle 16 s
  • B 1 , B 2 . . . Bn are the track components of the inclination caused by the track elements at each point.
  • the plurality of pieces of axle inclination information Mt is acquired as the sum of the wheel component and the track component. Therefore, the wheel components A 1 , A 2 . . . A 20 and the track components B 1 , B 2 . . . Bn cannot be individually acquired.
  • the present inventors devise a method of estimating the wheel components A 1 , A 2 , . . . A 20 using inclination components D 1 , D 2 , . . . Dn derived from a design value of the cant of the track at one or more of the measured n points.
  • the track components B 1 , B 2 . . . Bn are almost equal to the inclinations D 1 , D 2 . . . Dn. Therefore, the data calculated by subtracting the inclinations D 1 , D 2 . . .
  • Dn from the plurality of pieces of axle inclination information Mt can be used as the wheel components A 1 , A 2 . . . A 20 .
  • an inclination derived from a target value of the cant may be used instead of the design value of the cant.
  • the determiner 44 determines that the wheel diameter difference is excessive and the wheels are abnormal, and when the calculated wheel components A 1 , A 2 . . . A 20 is equal to or lower than the threshold, the determiner 44 determines that the wheel is not abnormal.
  • the determination result E 4 in this case is the presence or absence of the wheel abnormality.
  • the wheel diameter difference of the axle is larger than that of other axles.
  • the standardized result of dividing the deviation by the standard deviations S 1 , S 2 . . . Sn exceeds a preset threshold, it may be determined that the wheel diameter difference is excessive and the wheel is abnormal, and when the standardized result is equal to or lower than the threshold, it may be determined that the wheel is not abnormal.
  • the track unbalance at the point is larger than that at other points.
  • the standardized result of dividing the deviation by the standard deviations Z 1 , Z 2 . . . Z 20 exceeds a preset threshold, it may be determined that the track unbalance is excessive and the track is abnormal, and when the standardized result is equal to or lower than the threshold, it may be determined that the track is not abnormal.
  • the wheel diameter difference or the track unbalance may be evaluated based on the result of comparison between the past data previously acquired and stored and the newly acquired new data. If the wheel with axle number 2 is worn and the wheel diameter difference increases, all the data in the row containing the wheel component A 2 will be affected. When the track unbalance increases at the point number 2, all of the data in the column containing the track component B 2 are affected.
  • the changes in the new data with respect to the past data are compared in each row, and when the change in a particular row is significantly larger than the changes in other rows, it can be determined that the wheel diameter difference of the axle corresponding to the particular row is excessive and the wheel is abnormal.
  • the amount of change in the new data with respect to the past data is compared in each column, and when the amount of change in a particular column is significantly larger than the amount of change in other columns, it can be determined that the track is abnormal.
  • the determination method of the determiner 44 described above can be variously modified.
  • an example of determination based on the data of the plurality of pieces of axle inclination information Mt of a single train is shown, but for example, the wheel abnormality or the track abnormality may be determined based on the data of the plurality of pieces of axle inclination information at the same point of multiple trains. In this case, the number of data in each column increases and the determination accuracy improves.
  • the determiner 44 may make the determination based on the inclination information and the vibration information Jv.
  • characteristics of the vibration information Jv when the wheel diameter difference is large may be specified in advance and the determination may be made using the characteristics. For example, it may be determined that the wheel is abnormal when the characteristics of the vibration information Jv appear in the case where the wheel diameter difference is large regardless of the specific acquisition point (track position). Further, when the characteristics of the vibration information Jv appear only at a specific acquisition point (track position), it may be determined that the point is the track abnormality.
  • the characteristics of the vibration information Jv include the frequency spectrum of the vibration and the amplitude fluctuation pattern of the vibration.
  • the determiner 44 may determine the track abnormality based on the inclination information and the stroke information Jq.
  • the stroke information Jq is acquired from the yaw damper stroke sensor 34 .
  • the stroke information Jq at the same acquisition point (track position) when the amount of change in newly acquired new data with respect to the past data previously acquired and stored exceeds a preset threshold, it may be determined that the track unbalance is excessive and the track is abnormal.
  • the determiner 44 may determine the wheel state and the track state by using the learning model M 4 generated in advance by machine learning.
  • the learning model M 4 can be generated by the machine learning (supervised learning) using the actual measurement data of the reference inclination information and the reference vibration information acquired in advance and the occurrence situation of the wheel abnormality or the track abnormality as the teacher data.
  • the teacher data may include any one of the vibration level of the reference vibration information, the frequency spectrum of the vibration, and the amplitude fluctuation pattern of the vibration.
  • the learning model M 4 may be stored in the storage 46 .
  • the data of the inclination information has been shown as an example of being acquired while the vehicle is traveling, but it may be acquired while the vehicle is stopped at a station and the like, for example.
  • the inclination information may be acquired when the vehicle speed detected by the speed sensor is zero.
  • the inclination information may be acquired at any time, or may be acquired at a preset time such as the start of work or the end of work.
  • the wheel diameter difference and the track unbalance increase as the wear and deformation progress according to the traveling distance of the bogie 10 . If the wheel diameter difference becomes too large, it may interfere with traveling, and it is preferable to maintain the wheel 16 or the track 8 before interfering with the traveling. Therefore, the transmitter 48 notifies the determination result E 4 to the outside.
  • the inclination information is the inclination (inclination in the width direction) in the rolling direction
  • the inclination information may include the inclination (inclination in the front-back direction) in the pitching direction.
  • the inclination information may be the relative inclination with respect to a road surface.
  • the inclination information can be acquired based on the difference between the measurement results (vertical distance) of the vertical distance between two points on a road surface or an object on the road surface by two distance sensors arranged spaced apart from each other in the front-back direction or in the width direction.
  • the inclination information may be acquired from image data viewed from the direction of the axle 16 s of the bogie 10 or the wheel 16 with a camera installed at a predetermined position such as before the vehicle base.
  • condition monitoring device 20 determines the wheel state or the track state based on the inclination information, the wheel state or the track state can be understood with a small number of man-hours, which is advantageous in terms of cost.
  • the determination is made by referring to the inclination information of another axle, it can be determined that the wheel is abnormal when the difference between the plurality of axles is large. In the present embodiment, since the determination is made by referring to the inclination information of another point, it can be determined that the wheel is abnormal when the difference between the plurality of axles is large. In the present embodiment, since the determination is made by referring to the past inclination information previously acquired, it can be determined that the wheel is abnormal when the change over time is large.
  • the determination is made by referring to the inclination information of another preceding or following vehicle, it can be determined that the wheel is abnormal when the difference between the plurality of vehicles is large.
  • the determination is made by referring to the inclination information of the reference point for comparison, it can be determined that the wheel is abnormal when the difference with respect to the reference point is large.
  • the determination is made by referring to the vibration information acquired by the vibration sensor, it can be determined that the wheel is abnormal when the characteristics of the vibration information appear in the case where the wheel diameter difference is large.
  • FIG. 16 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a condition monitoring device 20 and a brake control device 80 according to the present embodiment.
  • track state As the railway vehicle travels, unevenness on a track surface increases due to wear, scratches, deformation, and the like, and the track deteriorates.
  • track abnormality the preset standard
  • the shaking of the bogie 10 becomes large and the ride comfort is reduced.
  • the track abnormality if the track abnormality is neglected, the deterioration in the track will progress further, which will hinder the operation of the vehicle. Therefore, it is important to detect the track abnormality early and perform the maintenance.
  • the track abnormality is detected using the measurement data of the vibration of the bogie during the normal traveling of the vehicle 100 .
  • the vibration having a magnitude hereinafter, referred to as “abnormal vibration” in the description of the present embodiment
  • the abnormal vibration may occur due to temporary factors such as pinching foreign matter such as pebbles, in addition to the case of the track abnormality, so there is a possibility of erroneous determination. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the abnormal vibration due to the temporary factor is excluded and determined by using other vibration information acquired at another time.
  • another time may be another time on the same day or may be another day.
  • another vibration information may be acquired by the same bogie, another bogie, another vehicle, or another train.
  • vibration information Jv vibration information
  • the condition monitoring device 20 includes an acquirer 30 , an information processor 40 , a power supplier 70 , and a position information acquirer 82 .
  • the brake control device 80 includes the acquirer 30 , the information processor 40 , and a brake controller 60 .
  • the information processor 40 includes a determiner 44 , a storage 46 , a transmitter 48 , and a transmission controller 42 . Unless otherwise specified, the description of the first embodiment is applied to the configuration and operation of each of these elements.
  • the acquirer 30 includes a vibration sensor 30 b that acquires vibration information Jv on the vibration of the bogie 10 .
  • the acquirer 30 provides the information processor 40 with the vibration information Jv and acquisition information Jg described later as acquisition information J 5 .
  • the information processor 40 acquires another bogie vibration information Jvb on vibration of another bogie 11 from another bogie vibration sensor 35 that acquires vibration information of the other bogie 11 .
  • the information processor 40 also acquires the position information Jp from the position information acquirer 82 .
  • the other bogie 11 may be another bogie of the vehicle 100 to which the bogie 10 belongs, or may be a bogie of another vehicle of another train to which the vehicle 100 belongs.
  • Another bogie vibration sensor 35 may have the same configuration as the vibration sensor 30 b , or may be attached to the other bogie 11 by the same attachment structure as the vibration sensor 30 b .
  • the other bogie 11 is a bogie of another vehicle 101 following the vehicle 100 in a train of a certain organization. Therefore, the bogie 10 passes the same point on the track 8 at a timing earlier than the other bogie 11 .
  • the bogie vibration sensor 35 different from the vibration sensor 30 b of the present embodiment is provided in the axle box 14 b.
  • the acquirer 30 acquires the vibration information Jv and the other bogie vibration information Jvb and provides the acquired vibration information Jv and another bogie vibration information Jvb to the information processor 40 .
  • the storage 46 temporarily stores the vibration information Jv and the other bogie vibration information Jvb acquired by the acquirer 30 .
  • the storage 46 can store the vibration information Jv and the other bogie vibration information Jvb in association with the acquisition timing.
  • the storage 46 can store the vibration information Jv and the other bogie vibration information Jvb in association with the acquired position information Jp of the point on the track.
  • the determiner 44 determines the track state of the track 8 based on the vibration information Jv and the other bogie vibration information Jvb, and provides the determination result E 5 .
  • the determination result E 5 is the result of classifying the track state into a plurality of ranks according to the level.
  • the determination result E 5 may be the result of classifying the track state into two ranks, or may be the result of finer classifying the track state into three or more ranks.
  • the determination result E 5 of the present embodiment indicates whether or not there is the track abnormality of the track 8 .
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 5 of the determiner 44 to the outside of the bogie 10 .
  • the determination result E 5 can be used externally.
  • the transmitter 48 is provided on the bogie frame 12 .
  • the transmitter 48 may be provided on the vehicle body 2 .
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 5 to the cab 2 d of the vehicle body 2 .
  • the determination result E 5 may be displayed on a vehicle monitor 2 e of the cab 2 d .
  • the transmitter 48 may transmit the determination result E 5 to a computer 84 c of a ground command station 84 outside the vehicle 100 or a cloud system. That is, the transmitter 48 can notify the determination result E 5 to the outside of the bogie 10 .
  • the transmitter 48 transmits a brake control signal Bc to a brake controller 60 so as to adjust the braking force when the determination result E 5 of the determiner 44 indicates the track abnormality.
  • the brake controller 60 adjusts the braking force according to the brake control signal Bc transmitted from the transmitter 48 .
  • the acquirer 30 , the information processor 40 , and the brake controller 60 function as the brake control device 80 .
  • a first example of the determination method of the determiner 44 in the condition monitoring device 20 of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described.
  • the vibration information Jv exceeds a preset threshold, it is determined that the abnormal vibration is observed and the track is abnormal.
  • the vibration information Jv exceeds a preset threshold
  • a second example of the determination method of the determiner 44 will be described with reference to FIGS. 17A to 17E to 19 .
  • the determination is performed by referring to another vibration information acquired at another time. Specifically, when it is evaluated that the track state is abnormal based on the vibration information at the same point and that the track state is abnormal based on another vibration information, the determiner 44 determines that there is the track abnormality at the point.
  • another vibration information is acquired by performing measurement with the following another bogie 11 .
  • FIGS. 17A to 17E are diagrams schematically illustrating a state in which the bogie 10 and the other bogie 11 are vibrated at points P and Q by an unevenness portion 8 p on the track surface and a foreign matter 8 q on the track surface.
  • the bogie 10 is a bogie on a front side of preceding vehicle 100
  • the other bogie 11 is a bogie on a front side of following another vehicle 101 .
  • the vehicle 100 and the other vehicle 101 are connected to constitute a train 3 of one organization.
  • the unevenness portion 8 p occurs by the deterioration in the track 8 and therefore is not lost even when the bogie 10 passes.
  • the foreign matter 8 q is a temporary one that is lost by the passage of the bogie 10 .
  • the bogie 10 steps on the unevenness portion 8 p at the point P and detects an abnormal vibration.
  • FIG. 17C another bogie 11 steps on the unevenness portion 8 p at point P and detects the abnormal vibration.
  • FIG. 17D the bogie 10 steps on the foreign matter 8 q at point Q and detects the abnormal vibration.
  • the foreign matter 8 q is repelled by the wheel and lost.
  • FIG. 17E another bogie 11 does not detect the abnormal vibration when passing the point Q.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating the vibration information Jv of the bogie 10 and another bogie vibration information Jvb of another bogie 11 .
  • a horizontal axis represents a position (hereinafter, referred to as “point” in the present embodiment) on the track, and a vertical axis represents a vibration level.
  • the abnormal vibration is observed at points P and Q.
  • the other bogie vibration information Jvb in the other bogie vibration information Jvb, the abnormal vibration is observed at the point P, but the abnormal vibration is not observed at the point Q.
  • FIG. 19 is a flowchart illustrating an operation S 120 of the condition monitoring device 20 .
  • the operation is executed while the train 3 is traveling.
  • the abnormal vibration of the preceding bogie 10 is detected (step S 121 ).
  • the condition monitoring device 20 detects the abnormal vibration of the bogie 10 at the point P and the point Q.
  • step S 122 the abnormal vibration of the following another bogie 11 is detected.
  • the condition monitoring device 20 detects the abnormal vibration of the other bogie 11 at the point P.
  • condition monitoring device 20 determines whether the points of the abnormal vibration of bogie 10 and the abnormal vibration of the other bogie 11 match (step S 123 ).
  • the condition monitoring device 20 When the detection points of the abnormal vibration of the bogie 10 and the abnormal vibration of the other bogie 11 match (Y in step S 123 ), the condition monitoring device 20 notifies the outside that the track abnormality has occurred (step S 124 ).
  • the abnormal vibrations of the bogie 10 and the other bogie 11 are detected together at the point P, so the condition monitoring device 20 transmits to the outside the fact that the track abnormality has occurred at point P as the determination result E 5 .
  • condition monitoring device 20 ends operation S 120 .
  • condition monitoring device 20 ends the operation S 120 after executing step S 124 .
  • This operation S 120 is merely an example, and the order of steps may be changed, or some steps may be added/deleted/changed.
  • the determination method of the determiner 44 described above can be variously modified.
  • an example of determination based on the data of the vibration information of the plurality of bogies of a single train is shown, but for example, the track abnormality may be determined based on the data of the vibration information at the same point of multiple trains.
  • the characteristics of the vibration information Jv may be used for the determination.
  • the characteristics of the vibration information Jv when there is the track abnormality may be stored in advance, and it may be determined that the point where the characteristics appear in the data of the actually measured vibration information Jv is the track abnormality.
  • examples of the characteristics of the vibration information Jv include a frequency spectrum (hereinafter referred to as “spectrum” in the description of the present embodiment) of the vibration information Jv, an amplitude variation pattern, and the like.
  • the spectrum is obtained by performing Fourier transform a time domain waveform of data and transforming the time domain waveform into a frequency domain.
  • a learning model is generated by the machine learning using the track state at the time of the past track abnormality occurrence and the spectrum of the past actual measurement data as the teacher data, and the spectrum of new actual measurement data is input to the learning model, thereby understanding the track state.
  • the determiner 44 may determine the track state by using the learning model M 5 generated in advance by the machine learning.
  • the learning model M 5 can be generated by the machine learning (supervised learning) using the actual measurement data of the reference inclination information acquired in advance and the occurrence situation of the track abnormality as the teacher data.
  • the teacher data may include any one of the vibration level of the reference vibration information, the spectrum of the vibration, and the amplitude fluctuation pattern of the vibration.
  • the learning model M 5 may be stored in the storage 46 .
  • the bogie frame 12 of the bogie 10 may be provided with the image sensor 30 g that acquires the image of the track surface and outputs the image information Jg, and the determiner 44 may determine the track state based on the image information Jg acquired by the image sensor 30 g .
  • the image information Jg acquired by the image sensor 30 g
  • the determination is performed by referring to another vibration information acquired at another time.
  • another image sensor is installed at another position away in the traveling direction of the train, and when the determination point of the image abnormality based on the image information of the image sensor 30 g and the determination point of the image abnormality based on another image sensor match each other, it may be determined that the track is abnormal.
  • the determiner 44 may determine that there is the track abnormality at the point.
  • the image sensor 30 g may be arranged in a middle bogie avoiding the head bogie or the tail bogie. Further, in order to reduce the influence of the incident amount of the external light, a plurality of image sensors 30 g may be provided, and the determination may be made using the image information acquired by the image sensor 30 g having the smaller incident amount of the external light. In addition, a light irradiator 32 that illuminates the track 8 may be provided to obtain good image information.
  • condition monitoring device 20 determines the track state based on the vibration or image information acquired while traveling, the track state can be understood with a small number of man-hours, which is advantageous in terms of cost.
  • the track state is determined by referring to another information acquired at another time with respect to the same point on the track 8 , so the erroneous determination due to the temporary factor can be prevented.
  • the determination result of the determiner is notified to the outside of the bogie, so the determination result can be used for early maintenance.
  • the directly acquired information can be used.
  • another information is acquired by the sensor provided in another bogie of another vehicle in the same train, so the system can be completed in the train.
  • the acquirer 30 is attached to the bogie frame 12 or the unsprung part 14
  • the determiner 44 is attached to the bogie frame 12 , so the wiring distance between the acquirer 30 and the determiner 44 can be shortened.
  • FIG. 20 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a condition monitoring device 20 and a brake control device 80 according to the present embodiment.
  • a brake 18 of a vehicle 100 is stopped within a predetermined braking distance by assigning a required braking force to a regenerative brake 18 e and a contact brake 18 d .
  • the contact brake 18 d presses a brake shoe 18 b against a tread surface 16 b of the wheel 16 to generate a frictional force therebetween, and decelerates and stops the vehicle 100 by the frictional force.
  • a smooth state of the tread surface 16 b is smoother than a preset reference (hereinafter, referred to as “oversmooth state” in the description of the present embodiment)
  • sufficient frictional force cannot be obtained and thus a braking distance becomes long. It is important to detect and cope with the oversmooth state because the vehicle operation is hindered due to overrun and the like when the braking distance becomes long.
  • the oversmooth state occurs, for example, when the surface roughness of the tread surface 16 b is excessively small and when the surface of the tread surface 16 b is mirror-finished even when the surface roughness is above a certain level. Therefore, the oversmooth state of the present embodiment includes a mirror surface state, and includes a state that is not a mirror surface but has an excessively small surface roughness.
  • tread surface information J 6 tread surface information
  • the optical sensor 30 f irradiates a laser on the tread surface 16 b from the light irradiator 32 provided on the bogie 10 and acquires the reflected light.
  • the tread surface 16 b is roughened and is not oversmooth (hereinafter, referred to as “non-oversmooth state in the description of the present embodiment). Therefore, if it is determined that the tread surface 16 b is in the oversmooth state, the tread surface 16 b can be roughened and the frictional force can be recovered by controlling the pressing force of the brake shoe 18 b to be large.
  • the condition monitoring device 20 includes an acquirer 30 , an information processor 40 , a brake controller 60 , a power supplier 70 , a position information acquirer 82 , a speed sensor 30 c , and a light irradiator 32 .
  • the brake control device 80 includes the acquirer 30 , the information processor 40 , and a brake controller 60 .
  • the information processor 40 includes a determiner 44 , a storage 46 , a transmitter 48 , and a transmission controller 42 . Unless otherwise specified, the description of the first embodiment is applied to the configuration and operation of each of these elements.
  • the information processor 40 acquires speed information Jc from the speed sensor 30 c and position information Jp from the position information acquirer 82 .
  • the acquirer 30 includes an optical sensor 30 f that acquires tread surface information J 6 on a surface texture of the tread surface 16 b in the bogie 10 .
  • the acquirer 30 provides the tread surface information J 6 to the information processor 40 .
  • the storage 46 temporarily stores the tread surface information J 6 acquired by the acquirer 30 .
  • the storage 46 can store the tread surface information J 6 in association with the speed information Jc at the time of the acquisition.
  • the storage 46 can store the tread surface information J 6 in association with the speed information Jc at the time of the acquisition.
  • the storage 46 can store the tread surface information J 6 in association with the acquired position information Jp of the point on the track.
  • the determiner 44 determines the smooth state of the tread surface 16 b based on the tread surface information J 6 acquired by the acquirer 30 , and provides the determination result E 6 .
  • the determination result E 6 is the result of classifying the smooth state into a plurality of ranks according to the level.
  • the determination result E 6 may be the result of classifying the smooth state into two ranks, or may be the result of finer classifying the smooth state into three or more ranks.
  • the determination result E 6 of the present embodiment indicates whether the tread surface 16 b is in the oversmooth state
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 6 of the determiner 44 to the outside of the bogie 10 .
  • the determination result E 6 can be used externally.
  • the transmitter 48 is provided on the bogie frame 12 .
  • the transmitter 48 may be provided on the vehicle body 2 .
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 6 to the cab 2 d of the vehicle body 2 .
  • the determination result E 6 may be displayed on a vehicle monitor 2 e of the cab 2 d .
  • the transmitter 48 may transmit the determination result E 6 to a computer 84 c of a ground command station 84 outside the vehicle 100 or a cloud system. That is, the transmitter 48 can notify the determination result E 6 to the outside of the bogie 10 .
  • the transmitter 48 transmits a brake control signal Bc to a brake controller 60 so as to adjust the braking force when the determination result E 6 of the determiner 44 is in the oversmooth state.
  • the brake controller 60 adjusts the braking force according to the brake control signal Bc transmitted from the transmitter 48 .
  • the acquirer 30 , the information processor 40 , and the brake controller 60 constitutes the brake control device 80 .
  • the operation of the brake control device 80 will be described later.
  • the acquirer 30 is attached to the bogie 10 .
  • the tread surface information J 6 can be acquired with high accuracy by keeping the positional relationship between the acquirer 30 and the wheels 16 constant.
  • the determiner 44 and the brake controller 60 are provided on the bogie 10 or the vehicle body 2 . In this case, since the determiner 44 and the brake controller 60 can be arranged in a location where vibration is small, the influence due to the vibration can be mitigated.
  • the determiner 44 determines that the tread surface 16 b is in the oversmooth state when the smooth state of the tread surface 16 b indicated by the tread surface information J 6 acquired by the acquirer 30 is smoother than a preset reference. Further, when the smooth state is not smoother than the reference, the tread surface 16 b is determined to be in a non-oversmooth state (not an oversmooth state). The determiner 44 provides the determination result E 6 .
  • FIG. 21 is a flowchart illustrating an operation S 130 of the brake control device 80 .
  • FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating an example of the ratio of the braking force of the contact brake 18 d to the braking force of the brake 18 .
  • Graph A in FIG. 22 illustrates the ratio of the braking force (for example, 30%) of the contact brake 18 d when the desired braking force of the brake 18 is 100% during normal operation (during non-brake control).
  • Graph B shows the ratio (for example, 40%) of the braking force of the contact brake 18 d during the roughening operation (during brake control).
  • FIGS. 23 and 24 are diagrams schematically illustrating the operation of the contact brake 18 d.
  • This operation is performed while the vehicle 100 is traveling and the brake 18 is operating.
  • the operation S 130 is started, it is determined whether the regenerative brake 18 e is operating (step S 131 ).
  • the brake controller 60 ends the operation S 130 . That is, when 100% of the braking force of the brake 18 is the braking force of the contact brake 18 d , the brake control is not executed. This is because if the braking force of the contact brake 18 d is too strong, the vehicle may slip.
  • the determiner 44 determines whether the tread surface 16 b is in the oversmooth state (step S 132 ). In this step, the determiner 44 provides the determination result E 6 to the brake controller 60 by the above operation.
  • step S 134 the brake controller 60 increases the braking force of the contact brake 18 d to increase the ratio.
  • the braking force of the contact brake 18 d increases and the ratio increases to 40%.
  • the braking force of the regenerative brake 18 e may be weakened to make the braking force of the brake 18 constant.
  • the condition monitoring device 20 may notify the outside that the oversmooth state has occurred.
  • step S 134 when the braking force of the contact brake 18 d increases in step S 134 , the brake shoe 18 b is strongly pressed against the tread surface 16 b , and the tread surface 16 b in the oversmooth state can be roughened to the non-oversmooth state.
  • step S 134 After executing step S 134 , the process is returned to the beginning of step S 131 , and the loop of steps S 131 to S 134 is repeated. The determination of the tread surface 16 b is continued while this loop is repeated including the execution of step S 134 .
  • the brake controller 60 reduces the braking force of the contact brake 18 d and returns to the braking force during normal operation, and the operation S 130 is ended. At this time, the ratio of the braking force of the contact brake 18 d decreases to the ratio during normal operation.
  • This operation S 130 is merely an example, and the order of steps may be changed, or some steps may be added/deleted/changed.
  • the determiner 44 shows an example of the determination using the tread surface information J 6 , but may make the determination using the characteristics of the tread surface information J 6 .
  • the characteristics of the tread surface information J 6 in the case of the oversmooth state may be stored in advance, and when the characteristics appear in the measured data of the tread surface information J 6 , it may be determined that the state is in the oversmooth state.
  • the characteristics of the tread surface information J 6 include the fluctuation pattern and the like of the tread surface information J 6 .
  • the determiner 44 may determine the smooth state of the tread surface 16 b by using the learning model M 6 generated in advance by the machine learning.
  • the learning model M 6 can be generated by machine learning (supervised learning) using, as teacher data, the fluctuation pattern of the tread surface information J 6 when the past oversmooth state occurs.
  • the learning model M 6 may be stored in the storage 46 .
  • the condition monitoring device 20 shows an example in which the detection result of the optical sensor 30 f is used as the tread surface information J 6 to determine the smooth state of the tread surface 16 b , but the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the condition monitoring device 20 may use, as the tread surface information J 6 , an imaging result of an image sensor 30 g that images the tread surface 16 b to determine the smooth state of the tread surface 16 b .
  • the condition monitoring device 20 may determine the smooth state of the tread surface 16 b using the surface roughness of the tread surface 16 b acquired by a contact or non-contact surface roughness meter as the tread surface information J 6 .
  • the brake controller 60 may advance the operation start timing of the contact brake 18 d .
  • the time when the brake shoe 18 b is in contact with the tread surface 16 b becomes longer and the roughening of the tread surface 16 b can be promoted.
  • the brake controller 60 may change the ratio of the braking force of the contact brake 18 d or the operation timing of the contact brake 18 d and the regenerative brake 18 e by referring to the speed (speed information Jc) of the vehicle 100 .
  • condition monitoring device 20 determines the smooth state of the tread surface 16 b based on the tread surface information J 6 regarding the surface texture of the tread surface 16 b . Since the condition monitoring device 20 determines the smooth state of the tread surface 16 b based on the tread surface information J 6 regarding the surface texture of the tread surface 16 b , the smooth state of the tread surface 16 b can be understood with a small number of man-hours, which is advantageous in terms of cost.
  • the smooth state of the tread surface 16 b is determined based on the tread surface information J 6 on the surface texture of the tread surface 16 b , and since the braking force or operation timing of the contact brake 18 d is changed based on the judgment result, the tread surface 16 b can be roughened to recover the braking force.
  • the tread surface 16 b can be roughened to recover the braking force.
  • the braking force of the contact brake 18 d increases, the braking force of the contact brake 18 d decreases when the smooth state is not smoother than the reference, so the balance with the braking force of the regenerative brake 18 e returns to a normal state.
  • the detection result of the optical sensor 30 f or the imaging result of the image sensor 30 g is provided as the tread surface information J 6 , it is advantageous for miniaturization at low cost.
  • the braking force or the operation timing of the contact brake 18 d changes by referring to the vehicle speed, more appropriate control can be performed according to the vehicle speed.
  • FIG. 25 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a condition monitoring device 20 and a brake control device 80 according to the present embodiment.
  • overwear If a track is excessively worn (hereinafter, referred to as “overwear” in the present embodiment), the ride comfort becomes poor. Therefore, it is important to specify a wear position of the track and perform maintenance. It is possible to use a dedicated track inspection car to detect the wear of the track, but in this case, the track inspection car is expensive and also requires extra man-hours. For this reason, it is important to monitor the worn state so as not to excessively wear the track.
  • a condition monitoring device 20 of the present embodiment is an acquirer 30 that acquires information (hereinafter, referred to as “track information J 7 ”) on the wear of the track 8 on which the railway vehicle 100 travels and a transmitter 48 that transmits track information J 7 acquired by the acquirer 30 .
  • track information J 7 information
  • the worn state of the track 8 can be monitored based on track information J 7 .
  • a braking start position (hereinafter, simply referred to as a “braking start position” in the present embodiment) of a contact brake 18 d , and when the braking start position is concentrated at the same position, the wear was likely to proceed at that position.
  • a braking start position hereinafter, simply referred to as a “braking start position” in the present embodiment
  • the wear was likely to proceed at that position.
  • the brake control device 80 of the present embodiment acquires track information Jx on the wear of the track 8 from a track information providing device 90 by the information acquirer 30 x , acquires position information Jp of the vehicle 100 (own vehicle) by a position information acquirer 82 , and determines the braking start position of the contact brake 18 d based on the track information Jx and the position information Jp.
  • the braking start position is dispersed to delay the progress of the wear, thereby reducing the frequency of replacing the track.
  • the track information Jx includes information on a certain amount of wear (hereinafter, referred to as “specific wear” in the present embodiment) and the position (hereinafter, referred to as “specific position” in the present embodiment) of the specific wear on track 8 .
  • specific wear includes overwear and wear that is not overwear but proceeds above a certain level.
  • the braking start position of the contact brake 18 d can be dispersed in the front-back direction of the specific position, and the wear of the track 8 can be dispersed.
  • the braking start position of the contact brake 18 d can be set while avoiding a specific position. By distributing the wear position, the frequency of replacing the track 8 can be reduced.
  • the track information providing device 90 is not limited as long as it can provide the track information Jx, and examples thereof include the following.
  • Aircraft such as a drone capable of imaging the preceding position of the track 8 and providing track information Jx
  • Ground equipment that includes a database storing the track information Jx provided in the above (1) to (4) and can provide the track information Jx
  • the track information providing device 90 (preceding vehicle) includes an image sensor 90 g , a position information acquirer 90 p , a wear determiner 90 j , and an information transmitter 90 x.
  • the image sensor 90 g images the preceding position of the track 8 and acquires the image information.
  • the image sensor 90 g is provided in the bogie of the preceding vehicle and acquires image information on the worn state of the track 8 from the reflected light of the light irradiated to the track 8 .
  • This image information may be a still image or a moving image.
  • the configuration of the image sensor 90 g is the same as that of the image sensor 30 g of the first embodiment.
  • the position information acquirer 90 p acquires position information on the position of the track information providing device 90 (preceding vehicle).
  • the configuration of the position information acquirer 90 p is the same as that of the position information acquirer 82 of the first embodiment.
  • the wear determiner 90 j determines whether or not there is specific wear based on the image information acquired by the image sensor 90 g .
  • the wear determiner 90 j specifies a specific position from the position information acquired by the position information acquirer 90 p .
  • the information transmitter 90 x transmits the determination result of the wear determiner 90 j regarding whether there is the specific wear and the specific position as the track information Jx to the outside.
  • the information transmitter 90 x transmits the track information Jx at the position (specific position) where the specific wear is detected when there is specific wear.
  • the information transmitter 90 x transmits the track information Jx when there is a request from another vehicle such as a following vehicle, the ground command station 84 , or other outside.
  • the information transmitter 90 x may autonomously transmit the track information Jx even when there is no request from the outside.
  • the track information providing device 90 (preceding vehicle) can be variously modified.
  • the track information providing device 90 may be provided with a contact or non-contact surface roughness meter instead of the image sensor 90 g , and the surface roughness of track 8 acquired by this surface roughness meter may be used as track information.
  • the condition monitoring device 20 includes an acquirer 30 , an information processor 40 , a power supplier 70 , a position information acquirer 82 , and a light irradiator 32 .
  • the brake control device 80 includes an information acquirer 30 x , the information processor 40 , and a brake controller 60 .
  • the information processor 40 includes a determiner 44 , a storage 46 , a transmitter 48 , and a transmission controller 42 . Unless otherwise specified, the description of the first embodiment is applied to the configuration and operation of each of these elements.
  • the information acquirer 30 x receives the track information Jx transmitted from the track information providing device 90 and provides the received track information Jx to the information processor 40 .
  • the information acquirer 30 x may request the track information providing device 90 to transmit the track information Jx.
  • the position information acquirer 82 provides the position information Jp to the information processor 40 .
  • the acquirer 30 is provided in the bogie 10 and includes an image sensor 30 g that acquires track information J 7 on the wear of the track 8 .
  • the acquirer 30 provides the track information J 7 to the information processor 40 .
  • the storage 46 temporarily stores the track information J 7 acquired by the acquirer 30 .
  • the storage 46 can store the track information J 7 in association with the acquisition timing.
  • the storage 46 can store the acquired track information J 7 in association with the position information Jp of the position on the track.
  • the storage 46 temporarily stores the information on the specific wear of the track information Jx in association with the specific position.
  • the determiner 44 determines whether or not the track 8 on the track of the vehicle 100 has the specific wear based on the track information Jx transmitted from the track information providing device 90 (preceding vehicle). Specifically, the determiner 44 determines whether or not the specific position of the track information Jx exists on the route of the vehicle 100 , and provides the determination result E 7 . Therefore, the determination result E 7 of the present embodiment indicates whether or not there is specific wear on the track.
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 7 of the determiner 44 to the outside of the bogie 10 .
  • the determination result E 7 can be used externally.
  • the transmitter 48 is provided on the bogie frame 12 .
  • the transmitter 48 may be provided on the vehicle body 2 .
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 7 to the cab 2 d of the vehicle body 2 .
  • the determination result E 7 may be displayed on a vehicle monitor 2 e of the cab 2 d .
  • the transmitter 48 may transmit the determination result E 7 to a computer 84 c of a ground command station 84 outside the vehicle 100 or a cloud system. That is, the transmitter 48 can notify the determination result E 7 to the outside of the bogie 10 .
  • the transmitter 48 transmits a brake control signal Bc to a brake controller 60 so as to control a braking start position when the determination result E 7 of the determiner 44 indicates that there is the specific wear.
  • the brake controller 60 controls the braking start position according to the brake control signal Bc transmitted from the transmitter 48 .
  • the operation of the brake control device 80 will be described later.
  • the determiner 44 and the brake controller 60 are provided on the bogie 10 or the vehicle body 2 . In this case, since the determiner 44 and the brake controller 60 can be arranged in a location where vibration is small, the influence due to the vibration can be mitigated.
  • the determiner 44 determines whether there is the specific wear from the track information J 7 acquired by the image sensor 30 g of the acquirer 30 .
  • the determiner 44 specifies the specific position from the position information Jp of the position information acquirer 82 .
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the information of the specific wear and the specific position to the outside. That is, the condition monitoring device 20 may function as the track information providing device 90 (preceding vehicle) for the following vehicle, and may apply the description of the track information providing device 90 .
  • FIG. 26 is a flowchart illustrating an operation S 140 of the brake control device 80 .
  • FIGS. 27A and 27B are diagrams schematically illustrating an operation S 140 of the brake control device 80 .
  • This operation is an operation for controlling the braking start position.
  • the “braking” in the description of the operation S 140 indicates braking by the contact brake 18 d unless otherwise specified.
  • the track information providing device 90 is another preceding vehicle 101 . The operation is executed while the vehicle 100 is traveling.
  • FIG. 27A illustrates a case where specific wear 8 d exists on the track 8 and another vehicle 101 preceding this track 8 and a vehicle 100 following another vehicle 101 travel in the traveling direction.
  • the other vehicle 101 detects the specific wear 8 d
  • the other vehicle 101 transmits the track information Jx at the position (specific position) where the specific wear 8 d is detected.
  • the vehicle 100 receives the track information Jx.
  • the vehicle 100 starts braking at a preset position T as illustrated in a first pattern of FIGS. 27A and 27B .
  • the set position T is the same every time, and there is a possibility that the specific wear will occur at this position.
  • the set position T is stored in the storage 46 .
  • the determiner 44 determines whether or not the specific wear 8 d exists at the track 8 on the route has the specific wear 8 d (step S 141 ). In this step, the determiner 44 makes a determination based on the presence or absence of the specific wear 8 d of the track information Jx transmitted from the track information providing device 90 (another preceding vehicle 101 ). When there is no specific wear 8 d (N in step S 141 ), the brake controller 60 ends the operation S 140 .
  • the brake controller 60 determines whether the specific position where the specific wear 8 d is present is the set position T of the vehicle 100 (step S 142 ). When the specific position is not the set position T (N in step S 142 ), the brake controller 60 ends the operation S 140 .
  • the brake controller 60 determines whether the vehicle 100 can be stopped within the allowable stop range without using excessive braking when the braking is started at a position (delay position) posterior to the specific position (step S 143 ). For example, it can be determined that the vehicle can be stopped when the braking distance by the normal braking is shorter than the distance to the allowable vehicle stop range.
  • step S 143 the brake controller 60 starts braking after the vehicle 100 passes the specific position, as illustrated in a second pattern of FIGS. 27A and 27B (step S 144 ). After executing step S 144 , the brake controller 60 ends the operation S 140 .
  • step S 143 the brake controller 60 starts braking at a position (early position) before the specific position, as illustrated in a third pattern of FIGS. 27A and 27B (step S 145 ).
  • step S 146 the brake controller 60 determines whether the vehicle 100 has reached a specific position.
  • the brake controller 60 returns the process to the beginning of step S 145 and maintains the braking state.
  • the brake controller 60 stops braking (step S 147 ).
  • the braking stop in this case includes a braking stop in a narrow sense and a substantial braking stop that slightly causes a braking force.
  • step S 148 the brake controller 60 determines whether the vehicle 100 passes through the specific position.
  • the brake controller 60 returns the process to the beginning of step S 147 and maintains the braking stop state.
  • step S 149 the brake controller 60 resumes the braking (step S 149 ).
  • step S 149 the brake controller 60 ends the operation S 140 .
  • This operation S 140 is merely an example, and the order of steps may be changed, or some steps may be added/deleted/changed.
  • the braking start position can be dispersed before and after the specific position. By doing so, the progress of wear is delayed and the frequency of replacing track is reduced.
  • the operation of the brake control device 80 can be variously modified.
  • the determination in step S 143 may be performed using a learning model M 7 generated in advance by machine learning.
  • the learning model M 7 can be generated by machine learning (supervised learning) using the past actual measurement data of the vehicle speed, the braking start position, and the braking distance as teacher data.
  • the learning model M 7 may be stored in the storage 46 .
  • the operation of the brake control device 80 is particularly effective for vehicles that are automatically operated, but can also be applied to non-automatically operated vehicles that are driven by a driver.
  • a notifier (not illustrated) for notifying the driver of the braking start position may be provided.
  • the driver can activate the contact brake 18 d at the notification timing of the notifier.
  • the acquirer 30 includes an image sensor attached to the bogie 10 of the vehicle 100 .
  • the acquirer 30 may include a strain sensor that acquires strain information on the strain of the track 8 . In this case, it is possible to disperse the braking start positions based on the strain of the track 8 and make the wear uniform.
  • FIG. 28 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a condition monitoring device 20 and a brake control device 80 according to the present embodiment.
  • a brake receiver is used to control a regenerative brake and a contact brake according to the vehicle weight. Therefore, it is important to understand the vehicle weight with high accuracy.
  • an air spring 12 s arranged between the bogie 10 and the vehicle body 2 to calculate the vehicle weight based on a displacement of the air spring 12 s and a spring constant.
  • the spring constant becomes non-linear and the error becomes large because a dead zone of a leveling valve, rattling of a link device for detection, and the like exist in the air spring 12 s.
  • the present inventors devised a technique for calculating the vehicle weight based on the displacement of the shaft spring 12 j and the spring constant by focusing on the shaft spring 12 j arranged between the bogie frame 12 and the unsprung part 14 .
  • the condition monitoring device 20 of the present embodiment is an acquirer 30 that acquires information (hereinafter, referred to as “distance information J 8 ” in this specification) on a distance between the bogie 10 of the railway vehicle 100 on the track 8 and the track 8 and a determiner 44 that determines the weight of the vehicle 100 based on the distance information J 8 acquired by the acquirer 30 .
  • the vehicle weight of the track 8 can be monitored based on the distance information J 8 .
  • This technology can improve the calculation accuracy of the vehicle weight compared to the case of using the air spring 12 s .
  • this technology can also be applied to vehicles that do not have air springs.
  • FIG. 29 is a diagram schematically illustrating the bogie 10 viewed from the front.
  • FIG. 30 is a diagram schematically illustrating the bogie 10 viewed from the side.
  • the acquirer 30 is attached to the bogie frame 12 of the bogie 10 and includes a plurality of distance sensors 30 ka and 30 kb for measuring the distances to the tracks 8 on both sides in the width direction. Since the plurality of distance sensors 30 ka and 30 kb are used, the error when the weight balance of the vehicle body 2 is biased to one side in the width direction can be reduced.
  • the distance sensors 30 ka and 30 kb of the present embodiment are each attached to the lower surfaces of the side beams 12 e and 12 f on both sides in the width direction, respectively.
  • a distance sensor 30 ka measures a distance Hka to an upper surface (tread surface) of the track 8 on a lower surface of one side beam 12 e
  • a distance sensor 30 kb measures a distance Hkb to the upper surface (tread surface) of the track 8 on a lower surface of the other side beam 12 f
  • the distance sensors 30 ka and 30 kb are laser displacement sensors that acquire a separation distance based on the reflected light of the irradiated laser.
  • the distance sensors 30 ka and 30 kb may be the known sensors such as ultrasonic sensors and optical sensors instead of the laser displacement sensor.
  • the measurement results of the distances Hka and Hkb are provided as the distance information J 8 .
  • the plurality of distance sensors 30 ka and 30 kb measure the distance to the track at a central position between the front and rear wheels of the bogie 10 .
  • the central position is not limited to the strict central position, and includes the case where the central position can be visually determined. Since the distance is measured at the central position, the error when the weight balance of the vehicle body 2 is biased to the front or rear can be reduced. Further, in this case, since the distance measurement is performed at a position away from the wheel, the influence by a state of a contact surface between the wheel 16 and the track 8 can be reduced. Note that the distance sensors 30 ka and 30 kb may be arranged at positions deviated from the central position to the front and rear.
  • side beams 12 e and 12 f have central portions located below both ends in the front-back direction.
  • the distance sensors 30 ka and 30 kb may be provided at a portion located below the front and rear ends of the side beams 12 e and 12 f , or may be provided at a portion closest to the track 8 .
  • the present embodiment includes the transmitter 48 that transmits a determination result E 8 of the determiner 44 to the outside of the bogie 10 .
  • the transmitter 48 functions as a notifier that notifies the determination result E 8 to the outside.
  • the present embodiment includes the brake control device 80 that changes how to apply the brake 18 according to the determination result E 8 of the vehicle weight, as illustrated in FIG. 28 .
  • the brake control device 80 includes the acquirer 30 that acquires the distance information J 8 on the distance between the bogie 10 of the railway vehicle 100 on the track 8 and the track 8 , the determiner 44 that determines the weight of the vehicle 100 based on the distance information J 8 acquired by the acquirer 30 , and the brake controller 60 that changes the braking force or the operation timing of the brake 18 of the vehicle 100 based on the determination result E 8 of the determiner 44 .
  • the method of applying the brake 18 can be changed according to the distance information J 8 .
  • the control operation of the brake will be described later.
  • the condition monitoring device 20 includes the acquirer 30 , the information processor 40 , the power supplier 70 , and the position information acquirer 82 .
  • the brake control device 80 includes the acquirer 30 , the information processor 40 , the determiner 44 , and the brake controller 60 .
  • the information processor 40 includes the storage 46 , the transmitter 48 , and the transmission controller 42 . Unless otherwise specified, the description of the first embodiment is applied to the configuration and operation of each of these elements.
  • the position information acquirer 82 provides the position information Jp to the information processor 40 .
  • the acquirer 30 is provided on the bogie frame 12 of the bogie 10 and provides the distance information J 8 including the distances Hka and Hkb to the information processor 40 .
  • the storage 46 temporarily stores the distance information J 8 acquired by the acquirer 30 .
  • the storage 46 can store the distance information J 8 in association with the acquisition timing.
  • the storage 46 can store the distance information J 8 in association with the acquired position information Jp of the position on the track.
  • the storage 46 can store the past data previously acquired, the initial data at the time of manufacturing or maintenance, and the design data on the design, regarding the distance information J 8 .
  • the determiner 44 determines the vehicle weight based on the distance information J 8 acquired by the acquirer 30 and provides the determination result E 8 . Specifically, the determiner 44 determines the vehicle weight calculated from the distance information J 8 using a preset threshold.
  • the determination result E 8 is a result of classifying the calculated vehicle weight into a plurality of ranks according to the level. For example, the determination result E 8 may be a result of classifying the distance information J 8 into two ranks, or may be a result of finer classifying the distance information into three or more ranks.
  • the determination result E 8 of the present embodiment indicates whether or not the vehicle weight is greater than the threshold.
  • parameters for the vehicle weight of the power running control and the brake control may be automatically changed according to the vehicle weight without dividing the vehicle weight into ranks.
  • the vehicle weight may be input to the brake receiver that performs control so as to exert a constant deceleration according to the brake command.
  • the brake receiver controls the regenerative brake and contact brake according to the vehicle weight.
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 8 of the determiner 44 to the outside of the bogie 10 .
  • the determination result E 8 can be used externally.
  • the transmitter 48 is provided on the bogie frame 12 .
  • the transmitter 48 may be provided on the vehicle body 2 .
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 8 to the cab 2 d of the vehicle body 2 .
  • the transmitter 48 may transmit the determination result E 8 to a computer 84 c of a ground command station 84 outside the vehicle 100 or a cloud system. That is, the transmitter 48 can notify the determination result E 8 to the outside of the bogie 10 .
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the brake control signal Bc to the brake controller 60 when the determination result E 8 of the determiner 44 indicates that the vehicle weight is greater than the threshold.
  • the brake controller 60 controls to increase the braking force of the contact brake 18 d or to accelerate the braking start timing of the contact brake 18 d according to the brake control signal Bc transmitted from the transmitter 48 .
  • the operation of the brake control device 80 will be described later.
  • the determiner 44 and the brake controller 60 are provided on the bogie 10 or the vehicle body 2 . In this case, since the determiner 44 and the brake controller 60 can be arranged in a location where vibration is small, the influence due to the vibration can be mitigated.
  • the condition monitoring device 20 calculates the vehicle weight from the difference from the newly acquired distance information J 8 , regarding the distance information J 8 by using, as a reference value, any of past data, initial data, and design data in a state where the number of passengers is zero, regarding the distance information J 8 .
  • the condition monitoring device 20 determines whether or not the calculated vehicle weight is greater than the threshold, and transmits the determination result E 8 to the outside of the bogie 10 .
  • the operation of the condition monitoring device 20 may be executed at regular intervals.
  • the operation of the condition monitoring device 20 is executed at a preset specific position.
  • the specific position may be a reference position, and for example, a position where the track is horizontal may be selected.
  • the condition monitoring device 20 may operate based on the position information Jp.
  • the operation of the condition monitoring device 20 may be executed while the vehicle 100 is stopped or traveling.
  • the value for example, the average value
  • the influence of the local wear of the wheels 16 can be suppressed.
  • the brake control device 80 inputs the calculated vehicle weight to the brake receiver, and calculates the required braking force according to the vehicle weight. In addition, the brake control device 80 transmits the calculated vehicle weight to the outside and performs the power running control and the braking control of the vehicle with the vehicle weight as a control parameter. The operation of the brake control device 80 may be executed at regular intervals.
  • the relationship between the displacement of the shaft spring 12 j and the vehicle weight is non-linear, and it may be difficult to calculate the vehicle weight from the detection results of the distance sensors 30 ka and 30 kb .
  • the vehicle weight may be calculated using a learning model M 8 generated in advance by machine learning.
  • the learning model M 8 can be generated by machine learning (supervised learning) using the detection results of the distance sensors 30 ka and 30 kb and the past actual measurement data of the vehicle weight as teacher data.
  • the learning model M 8 may be stored in the storage 46 .
  • FIG. 31 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a condition monitoring device 20 and a brake control device 80 according to the present embodiment.
  • a tread surface 16 b of the wheel 16 is worn (including damage) due to factors such as friction with the track 8 , friction with a brake shoe 18 b , sliding due to rain, and the like.
  • Such wear may proceed unevenly, and if the wear proceeds excessively, the ride comfort may be deteriorated and the vehicle 100 can be adversely affected. Therefore, it is preferable to understand the wear amount of the wheel 16 and perform maintenance of the wheel 16 such as wheel rolling before the wear proceeds excessively.
  • a diameter (hereinafter, referred to as “wheel diameter” in the present embodiment) of the tread surface 16 b of the wheel 16 is set as an important parameter in the power running control and the brake control of the vehicle 100 . Therefore, it is desirable to understand the wheel diameter and change parameters according to the amount of change in the wheel diameter before the wheel diameter changes excessively.
  • the amount of change in a wheel shape in the present embodiment
  • the method requires complicated calculations to improve the measurement accuracy, and is disadvantageous in terms of cost due to the use of a large-scale dedicated device.
  • the present inventors proposed a technique for calculating the wheel shape change amount from the change amount of the newly measured distance between the bogie 10 and track 8 with respect to the reference distance between the bogie 10 and the track 8 .
  • the condition monitoring device 20 of the present embodiment is an acquirer 30 that acquires information (hereinafter, referred to as “distance information J 9 ” in this specification) on a distance between the bogie 10 of the railway vehicle 100 on the track 8 and the track 8 and a determiner 44 that determines the shape change amount of the wheel 16 of the bogie 10 based on the distance information J 9 acquired by the acquirer 30 and the preset reference distance information Js.
  • the wheel shape change amount of the track 8 can be monitored based on the distance information J 9 .
  • the reference distance information Js may be an actually measured or set distance between the bogie 10 and the track 8 in a vehicle-vacant state in which there are no passengers on the horizontal track 8 .
  • the reference distance information Js may be any of past data actually measured in the past, initial data at the time of manufacturing or maintenance, and design data set at the time of design.
  • the reference distance information Js of the present embodiment is set based on the initial data at the time of manufacturing or maintenance.
  • FIG. 32 is a diagram schematically illustrating the bogie 10 viewed from the front.
  • FIG. 33 is a diagram schematically illustrating the bogie 10 viewed from one side.
  • FIG. 34 is a diagram schematically illustrating the bogie 10 viewed from the other side.
  • the acquirer 30 is attached to the bogie frame 12 of the bogie 10 and is arranged spaced apart from each other on both sides in the width direction, and includes a first distance sensor 30 p and a second distance sensor 30 s each measuring a distance to the track 8 .
  • the first distance sensor 30 p and the second distance sensor 30 s arranged spaced apart from each other on both sides in the width direction are used, the error when the weight balance of the vehicle body 2 is biased to one side in the width direction can be reduced.
  • the first distance sensor 30 p and the second distance sensor 30 s of the present embodiment are each attached to lower surfaces of side beams 12 e and 12 f on both sides in the width direction, respectively.
  • the first distance sensor 30 p includes a plurality (two) of sensor units 30 pa and 30 pb which are arranged spaced apart from each other in the front-rear direction between the front wheel 16 f and the rear wheel 16 r of the bogie 10 .
  • the sensor units 30 pa and 30 pb measure distances Hpa and Hpb to the upper surface (tread surface) of the track 8 on the lower surface of the one side beam 12 e .
  • the second distance sensor 30 s includes a plurality (two) of sensor units 30 sa and 30 sb which are arranged spaced apart from each other in the front-rear direction between the front wheel 16 f and the rear wheel 16 r of the bogie 10 .
  • the sensor units 30 sa and 30 sb measure distances Hsa and Hsb to the upper surface (tread surface) of the track 8 on the lower surface of the other side beam 12 f.
  • the sensor units 30 pa , 30 pb , 30 sa , and 30 sb are laser displacement sensors that acquire a separation distance based on the reflected light of the irradiated laser.
  • the sensor units 30 pa , 30 pb , 30 sa , and 30 sb may be the known sensors such as ultrasonic sensors and optical sensors instead of the laser displacement sensor.
  • the measurement results of the distances Hpa, Hpb, Hsa, and Hsb are provided as the distance information J 9 .
  • the sensor units 30 pa and 30 sa are arranged closer to the front wheel 16 f with respect to the central position of the bogie 10
  • the sensor units 30 pb and 30 sb are arranged closer to the rear wheel 16 r respect to the central position of the bogie 10 .
  • side beams 12 e and 12 f have a middle portion located below both ends in the front-back direction.
  • the sensor units 30 pa , 30 pb , 30 sa , and 30 sb may be provided at a portion located below the front and rear ends of the side beams 12 e and 12 f , or may be provided at a portion closest to the track 8 .
  • the present embodiment includes the brake control device 80 that changes how to apply the brake 18 according to the determination result E 9 of the wheel shape change amount, as illustrated in FIG. 31 .
  • the brake control device 80 includes the acquirer 30 that acquires the distance information J 9 on the distance between the bogie 10 of the railway vehicle 100 on the track 8 and the track 8 , the determiner 44 that determines the shape change amount of the wheel 16 of the bogie 10 based on the distance information J 9 acquired by the acquirer 30 and the preset reference distance information Js, and the brake controller 60 that changes the braking force or the operation timing of the brake 18 of the vehicle 100 based on the determination result of the determiner 44 .
  • the method of applying the brake 18 can be changed according to the distance information J 9 .
  • the control operation of the brake will be described later.
  • the condition monitoring device 20 includes the acquirer 30 , the information processor 40 , the power supplier 70 , and the position information acquirer 82 .
  • the brake control device 80 includes the acquirer 30 , the information processor 40 , and a brake controller 60 .
  • the information processor 40 includes a determiner 44 , a storage 46 , a transmitter 48 , and a transmission controller 42 . Unless otherwise specified, the description of the first embodiment is applied to the configuration and operation of each of these elements.
  • the position information acquirer 82 provides the position information Jp to the information processor 40 .
  • the acquirer 30 is provided on the bogie frame 12 of the bogie 10 and provides the distance information J 9 including the distances Hpa, Hpb, Hsa, and Hsb to the information processor 40 .
  • the storage 46 temporarily stores the distance information J 9 acquired by the acquirer 30 .
  • the storage 46 can store the distance information J 9 in association with the acquisition timing.
  • the storage 46 can store the distance information J 9 in association with the acquired position information Jp of the position on the track.
  • the storage 46 can store the past data previously acquired, the initial data at the time of manufacturing or maintenance, and the design data on the design, as the reference distance information Js.
  • the determiner 44 determines the wheel shape change amount based on the distance information J 9 acquired by the acquirer 30 and the reference distance information Js and provides the determination result E 9 .
  • the determination result E 9 may be the wheel shape change amount calculated as a difference of the distance information J 9 from the reference distance information Js. Further, the determination result E 9 may be a result of classifying the calculated wheel shape change amount into a plurality of ranks using a preset threshold. For example, the determination result E 9 may be a result of classifying the distance information J 9 into two ranks, or may be a result of finer classifying the distance information J 9 into three or more ranks.
  • the determination result E 9 of the present embodiment is a result of classifying the wear amount of the wheel shape change amount into three ranks of “low wear amount”, “medium wear amount”, and “large wear amount”. For example, when the determination result E 9 indicates the “low wear amount”, it can be predicted that the maintenance time will not be reached for the time being. For example, when the determination result E 9 indicates the “medium wear amount”, it can be predicted that the maintenance time such as the wheel rolling is reached after half a year. For example, when the determination result E 9 indicates the “large wear amount”, it can be predicted that the maintenance time such as the wheel rolling is reached within three months.
  • the determination result E 9 of the present embodiment is a result of classifying the wheel diameter change amount of the wheel shape change amount into three ranks of “low change amount”, “medium change amount”, and “large change amount”. For example, when the determination result E 9 indicates that the wheel diameter is the “medium change amount” or the “large change amount”, parameters for the power running control and the brake control of the vehicle 100 may be changed according to the change amount.
  • the parameters for the wheel diameter of the power running control and the brake control may be automatically changed according to the wheel diameter change amount without classifying the ranks.
  • the wheel change amount may be input to the brake receiver that performs control so as to exert a constant deceleration according to the brake command.
  • the brake receiver controls the regenerative brake and contact brake according to the vehicle diameter change amount.
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 9 of the determiner 44 to the outside of the bogie 10 .
  • the determination result E 9 can be used externally.
  • the transmitter 48 is provided on the bogie frame 12 .
  • the transmitter 48 may be provided on the vehicle body 2 .
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the determination result E 9 to the cab 2 d of the vehicle body 2 .
  • the transmitter 48 may transmit the determination result E 9 to a computer 84 c of a ground command station 84 outside the vehicle 100 or a cloud system. That is, the transmitter 48 can notify the determination result E 9 to the outside of the bogie 10 .
  • the transmitter 48 transmits the brake control signal Bc to the brake controller 60 when the determination result E 9 of the determiner 44 indicates that the wheel diameter is the “medium change amount” or the “large change amount”.
  • the brake controller 60 controls to increase the braking force of the contact brake 18 d or to accelerate the braking start timing of the contact brake 18 d according to the brake control signal Bc transmitted from the transmitter 48 .
  • the determiner 44 and the brake controller 60 are provided on the bogie 10 or the vehicle body 2 . In this case, since the determiner 44 and the brake controller 60 can be arranged in a location where vibration is small, the influence due to the vibration can be mitigated.
  • the condition monitoring device 20 operates to acquire the distance information J 9 for each preset period and determine the shape change amount based on the acquired distance information J 9 and the reference distance information Js.
  • the preset period may be one day, one week, one month, and the like. In the present embodiment, this operation is performed every day, at the beginning of work, or at the end of work.
  • the operation of the condition monitoring device 20 is executed at a preset specific position.
  • the specific position may be a reference position such as a garage (including a pit and a storage line), and a position where the track is horizontal is preferable.
  • the condition monitoring device 20 may operate based on the position information Jp.
  • the operation of the condition monitoring device 20 may be executed in a location other than the garage as long as it is empty on a horizontal track.
  • the operation of the condition monitoring device 20 may be executed while the vehicle 100 is stopped or traveling.
  • the value for example, the average value
  • the influence of the local wear of the wheels 16 can be suppressed.
  • the wheel shape change amount may be calculated using a learning model M 9 generated in advance by machine learning.
  • the learning model M 9 can be generated by machine learning (supervised learning) using the past actual measurement data of the detection results of the first distance sensor 30 p and the second distance sensor 30 s and the wheel shape change amount as teacher data.
  • the learning model M 9 may also be stored in the storage 46 .
  • the wheel diameter information is acquired based on the distance from the bogie frame 12 to the tread surface 16 b of the wheel 16
  • the wheel diameter information may be acquired based on the distance from the bogie frame 12 to the track 8 .
  • the weight of the vehicle 100 can be understood by the difference from the measured value when the number of passengers is zero.
  • the vehicle weight can be calculated by measuring the vertical distance from the bogie frame 12 to the track 8 , so the weight of the vehicle 100 can be understood.
  • the vertical distance from the bogie frame 12 to the track 8 can be measured with an ultrasonic sensor or an optical sensor.
  • the flexure of the shaft spring 12 j is constant, and the distance from the bogie frame 12 to the track 8 changes according to the change in the wheel diameter. Therefore, the wheel diameter can be calculated by measuring the distance from the bogie frame 12 to the track 8 under the condition that the weight of the vehicle 100 is constant.
  • the distance from the bogie frame 12 to the track 8 at the center of the bogie frame 12 in the width direction and the center of the front-back direction is preferable to measure the distance from the bogie frame 12 to the track 8 at the center of the bogie frame 12 in the width direction and the center of the front-back direction. In this case, the influence of the axle 16 s can be suppressed.
  • it is possible to understand the current vehicle wheel diameter by obtaining the difference from the reference wheel diameter by comparing the distances from the bogie frame 12 to the track 8 at two different time points under the condition that the weight of the vehicle 100 is the same. By comparing the wheel diameters between the plurality of wheels 16 , it is possible to match the wheel diameters by rolling the plurality of wheels 16 according to the minimum wheel diameter.
  • a railway condition monitoring device comprising: an acquirer structured to be attached to a railway vehicle bogie and acquire state information on one or more of vibration, velocity, acceleration, sound, reflected light, an image, temperature, humidity, and a wheel diameter; a determiner structured to be attached to the bogie, perform a determination of a state of a track on which the bogie travels or a state of the bogie based on the state information acquired by the acquirer, and provide the determination result; a transmitter structured to be attached to the bogie and transmit the determination result to an outside of the bogie; and a power supplier structured to be attached to the bogie and supply power to the acquirer and the transmitter.
  • the railway condition monitoring device according to item 1, further comprising: a storage structured to temporarily store the information acquired by the acquirer.
  • the railway condition monitoring device according to item 1 or 2 further comprising: a position information acquirer structured to acquire position information on a position of the railway vehicle, wherein the transmitter transmits the determination result to the outside of the bogie when the bogie is at a preset position based on the position information acquired by the position information acquirer.
  • the railway condition monitoring device according to any one of items 1 to 3, wherein the transmitter transmits the determination result to the outside of the bogie when the determination result satisfies a predetermined condition.
  • (Item 5) The railway condition monitoring device according to any one of items 1 to 4, wherein the power supplier includes a generator attached to the bogie and a battery charged by the generator, and the transmitter transmits the determination result to the outside of the bogie when a residual storage amount of the battery is greater than a preset level.
  • the transmitter transmits the determination result to the outside of the bogie when a communication state with a communication partner is greater than the preset level.
  • the transmitter is attached to a bogie frame, and the acquirer is attached to an unsprung part supported through a spring from the bogie frame.
  • the railway condition monitoring device according to any one of items 1 to 7, wherein the determiner makes the determination using a learning model generated by using machine learning based on state information acquired in advance and the state of the track or the state of the bogie corresponding to the state information.
  • the railway condition monitoring device further comprising: a model generator structured to be attached to the bogie and generate the learning model, wherein the model generator updates the learning model based on newly acquired state information and the state of the track or the state of the bogie corresponding to the state information.
  • a railway vehicle bogie comprising: an acquirer structured to acquires state information on one or more of vibration, speed, acceleration, sound, reflected light, an image, temperature, humidity, and a wheel diameter; a determiner structured to make a determination of a state of a track on which the bogie travels or a state of the bogie based on the state information acquired by the acquirer and provide the determination result; a transmitter structured to transmit the determination result to an outside of the bogie; and a power supplier structured to supply power to the acquirer and the transmitter.
  • a railway vehicle comprising: a bogie; an acquirer structured to be attached to the bogie and acquire state information on one or more of vibration, velocity, acceleration, sound, reflected light, an image, temperature, humidity, and a wheel diameter; a determiner structured to be attached to the bogie, make a determination of a state of a track on which the bogie travels or a state of the bogie based on the state information acquired by the acquirer, and provide the determination result; a transmitter structured to be attached to the bogie and transmit the determination result to an outside of the bogie; and a power supplier structured to be attached to the bogie and supply power to the acquirer and the transmitter.
  • a railway condition monitoring device comprising: an acquirer structured to be attached to a railway vehicle bogie, and acquire vibration information on vibration in the bogie and speed information of the vehicle; and a determiner structured to perform a determination of a worn state of a wheel of the bogie based on the vibration information and the speed information acquired by the acquirer and provide the determination result.
  • the determiner determines the worn state of the wheel using a learning model generated by machine learning based on reference vibration information acquired in advance for the bogie and actual measurement data of the worn state of the wheel corresponding to the reference vibration information.
  • (Item 14) The railway condition monitoring device according to item 12 or 13, wherein the determiner determines the worn state of the wheel based on a plurality of pieces of vibration information acquired for a plurality of locations of the bogie spaced apart from each other.
  • (Item 15) The railway condition monitoring device according to any one of items 12 to 14, wherein the vibration information is acquired by a sensor attached to a bogie frame of the bogie or a portion supported through a spring from the bogie frame.
  • (Item 16) The railway condition monitoring device according to item 15, wherein the determiner is provided on the bogie frame or an outside of the bogie.
  • the railway condition monitoring device according to any one of items 12 to 16, further comprising: a transmitter structured to transmit the determination result of the determiner to the outside of the bogie.
  • a railway vehicle bogie comprising: a sensor structured to acquire vibration information on vibration of a bogie; and a determiner structured to determine a worn state of a wheel based on the vibration information and speed information of a vehicle.
  • a railway vehicle comprising: a bogie; a sensor structured to be attached to the bogie and acquire vibration information on vibration of the bogie; a determiner structured to determine a worn state of a wheel based on the vibration information and speed information of a vehicle; and a vehicle body to which a device structured to receive a determination result of the determiner is provided.
  • a railway brake control device comprising: an acquirer structured to acquire sound information on sound or vibration information on vibration in a railway vehicle bogie when a brake shoe in the bogie is pressed against a braking member to generate a braking force; a determiner structured to determine an occurrence state of a brake squeal of the brake shoe or the braking member based on the sound information or the vibration information acquired by the acquirer; and a brake controller structured to change the braking force to reduce the brake squeal when the determiner determines that the brake squeal occurs.
  • the determiner determines that the brake squeal occurs when the sound information or the vibration information satisfies a preset determination condition.
  • the brake control device uses a learning model generated in advance by machine learning based on reference sound information or reference vibration information and actual measurement data of an occurrence state of the brake squeal to determine the occurrence state of the brake squeal.
  • the learning model includes any one of a material of the brake shoe, a shape of the brake shoe, a pressing force of the brake shoe, a speed of a vehicle, a frequency of the brake shoe, and a braking force, in addition to the reference sound information or the reference vibration information and is generated by machine learning by referring to the actual measurement data of the occurrence state of the brake squeal.
  • (Item 24) The railway brake control device according to item 22 or 23, wherein the learning model is updated when the brake shoe is worn to a preset degree.
  • (Item 25) The railway brake control device according to any one of items 20 to 24, wherein the railway vehicle includes a contact brake and a regenerative brake, and the acquirer acquires the sound information or the vibration information when the contact brake is operated and the regenerative brake is not operated.
  • (Item 26) The railway brake control device according to any one of items 20 to 25, wherein the acquirer is attached to a portion supported through a spring from a bogie frame of the bogie.
  • (Item 27) The railway brake control device according to any one of items 20 to 26, wherein the determiner is provided on the bogie frame of the bogie or an outside of the bogie.
  • a railway vehicle bogie comprising: an acquirer structured to acquire sound information on sound or vibration information on vibration in a railway vehicle bogie when a brake shoe in a bogie is pressed against a braking member to generate a braking force; a determiner structured to determine an occurrence state of a brake squeal of the brake shoe or the braking member based on the sound information or the vibration information acquired by the acquirer; and a brake controller structured to change the braking force to reduce the brake squeal when the determiner determines that the brake squeal occurs.
  • a railway vehicle comprising: a bogie; an acquirer structured to be attached to the bogie and acquire sound information on sound or vibration information on vibration in the bogie when a brake shoe in the bogie is pressed against a braking member to generate a braking force; a determiner structured to determine an occurrence state of a brake squeal of the brake shoe or the braking member based on the sound information or the vibration information acquired by the acquirer; and a brake controller structured to change the braking force to reduce the brake squeal when the determiner determines that the brake squeal occurs.
  • a railway condition monitoring device wherein a brake squeal of a brake shoe or a braking member is detected based on sound information on sound or vibration information on vibration in a railway vehicle bogie when the brake shoe in the bogie is pressed against the braking member to generate a braking force.
  • a railway condition monitoring device comprising: an acquirer structured to acquire inclination information on an inclination of an axle of a railway vehicle bogie on a track; and a determiner structured to determine a wheel state related to a worn state of a wheel or a track state related to an unequal state of the track on both sides in a width direction based on the inclination information acquired by the acquirer.
  • (Item 32) The railway condition monitoring device according to item 31, wherein the determiner determines the wheel state or the track state by referring to another inclination information on an inclination of an axle different from the axle of the vehicle.
  • (Item 33) The railway condition monitoring device according to item 31, wherein the determiner determines the wheel state or the track state by referring to inclination information on another point acquired at another point of the track.
  • (Item 34) The railway condition monitoring device according to item 31, wherein the determiner determines the wheel state or the track state by referring to past inclination information previously acquired for the same point of the track.
  • (Item 35) The railway condition monitoring device according to item 31, wherein the determiner determines the wheel state or the track state by referring to inclination information of another vehicle acquired by a preceding vehicle or a following vehicle with respect to the same point of the track.
  • (Item 36) The railway condition monitoring device according to item 31, wherein the determiner determines the wheel state or the track state by referring to inclination information for comparison acquired at a point for comparison of the track or another track.
  • (Item 37) The railway condition monitoring device according to any one of items 31 to 36, wherein the determiner determines the wheel state or the track state by referring to vibration information acquired by a sensor attached to a portion supported on a bogie frame of the bogie or through a spring from the bogie frame.
  • a railway vehicle bogie comprising: an acquirer structured to acquire inclination information on an inclination of an axle of a bogie; and a determiner structured to determine a wheel state related to a wear of a wheel or a track state related to an unequal state of a track on both sides in a width direction based on the inclination information acquired by the acquirer.
  • a railway vehicle comprising: a bogie; an acquirer structured to be attached to the bogie and acquire inclination information on an inclination of an axle of the bogie; and a determiner structured to determine a wheel state related to a wear of a wheel or a track state related to an unequal state of a track on both sides in a width direction based on the inclination information acquired by the acquirer.
  • a railway condition monitoring device comprising: an acquirer structured to acquire vibration information on vibration or image information on an image of the track in a bogie of a vehicle at the time of traveling on a track; and a determiner structured to determine a track state related to the state of the track by referring to another vibration information or another image information acquired at another time for the same point of the track based on the vibration information or the image information acquired by the acquirer.
  • (Item 41) The railway condition monitoring device according to item 40, wherein when it is evaluated that there is abnormality in the track state for the same point based on the vibration information or the image information, and when it is evaluated that there is abnormality in the track state based on the other vibration information or the other image information, the determiner determines that there is track abnormality at the point.
  • (Item 42) The railway condition monitoring device according to item 41, further comprising a notifier structured to notify a determination result of the determiner to an outside of the bogie when the determiner determines that there is the track abnormality.
  • (Item 43) The railway condition monitoring device according to any one of items 40 to 42, wherein the vibration information or the image information is acquired by a vibration sensor or an image sensor provided on the bogie.
  • a railway vehicle bogie comprising: an acquirer structured to acquire vibration information on vibration or image information on a track in a bogie at the time of traveling on the track; and a determiner structured to determine a track state related to the state of the track by referring to another vibration information or another image information acquired at another time for the same point of the track based on the vibration information or the image information acquired by the acquirer.
  • a railway vehicle comprising: a bogie structured to travel on a track of a railway; an acquirer structured to be attached to the bogie and acquire vibration information on vibration or image information on the track in the bogie at the time of traveling on a track; and a determiner structured to determine a track state related to the state of the track by referring to another vibration information or another image information acquired at another time for the same point of the track based on the vibration information or the image information acquired by the acquirer.
  • a railway condition monitoring device comprising: an acquirer structured to acquire tread surface information on a surface texture of a tread surface in a railway vehicle bogie having a contact brake that generates a braking force by pressing a brake shoe against the tread surface and a regenerative brake; and a determiner structured to determine a smooth state of the tread surface based on the tread surface information acquired by the acquirer.
  • a brake control device comprising: an acquirer structured to acquire tread surface information on a surface texture of a tread surface in a railway vehicle bogie having a contact brake generating a braking force by pressing a brake shoe against the tread surface and a regenerative brake; a determiner structured to determine a smooth state of the tread surface based on the tread surface information acquired by the acquirer; and a brake controller structured to change a braking force or an operation timing of the contact brake based on the smooth state determined by the determiner.
  • the brake controller increases the braking force of the contact brake when the smooth state determined by the determiner is smoother than a preset reference.
  • (Item 51) The brake control device according to item 50, wherein the brake controller increases the braking force of the contact brake to reduce the braking force of the contact brake when the smooth state becomes less smooth than the reference.
  • (Item 52) The brake control device according to any one of items 49 to 51, wherein the acquirer provides, as the tread surface information, a detection result of an optical sensor detecting reflected light from the tread surface or an imaging result of an image sensor imaging the tread surface.
  • (Item 53) The brake control device according to any one of items 49 to 52, wherein the brake controller changes the braking force or the operation timing of the contact brake by referring to a speed of the vehicle.
  • a railway vehicle bogie comprising: a contact brake structured to generate a braking force by pressing a brake shoe against a tread surface and a regenerative brake; and an acquirer structured to acquire tread surface information on a surface texture of the tread surface.
  • a railway vehicle comprising: a bogie structured to travel on a track of a railway; a contact brake structured to generate a braking force by pressing a brake shoe against a tread surface and a regenerative brake; an acquirer structured to be attached to the bogie and acquire tread surface information on a surface texture of the tread surface; a determiner structured to determine a smooth state of the tread surface based on the tread surface information acquired by the acquirer; and a brake controller structured to change a braking force or an operation timing of the contact brake based on the smooth state determined by the determiner.
  • a railway condition monitoring device comprising: an acquirer structured to acquire track information on a wear of a track on which a railway vehicle travels; and a transmitter structured to transmit the track information acquired by the acquirer.
  • the acquirer includes an image sensor attached to a head of the vehicle or a bogie of the vehicle.
  • the acquirer includes a strain sensor acquiring stain information on a strain of the track.
  • a brake control device comprising: an information acquirer structured to acquire track information on a wear of a track on which a railway vehicle having a contact brake that generates a braking force by pressing a brake shoe against the tread surface and a regenerative brake travels and position information on a position of the vehicle; and a brake controller structured to determine a braking start position of the contact brake based on the track information and the position information acquired by the information acquirer.
  • a railway vehicle bogie comprising: an acquirer structured to acquire track information on a wear of a track on which a railway vehicle travels; and a transmitter structured to transmit the track information acquired by the acquirer to an outside of the acquirer.
  • a railway vehicle comprising: a contact brake structured to generate a braking force by pressing a brake shoe against a tread surface; a regenerative brake; an information acquirer structured to acquire track information on a wear of a track on which a vehicle travels; and a brake controller structured to determine a braking start position of the contact brake based on position information on a position of the vehicle and the track information acquired by the information acquirer.
  • a railway condition monitoring device comprising: an acquirer structured to acquire distance information on a distance between a railway vehicle bogie on a track and the track; and a determiner structured to determine a weight of the vehicle based on the distance information acquired by the acquirer.
  • the railway condition monitoring device (Item 63) The railway condition monitoring device according to item 62, wherein the acquirer is attached to a bogie frame of the bogie and includes a plurality of distance sensors each measuring a distance to the track on both sides in a width direction. (Item 64) The railway condition monitoring device according to item 63, wherein the plurality of distance sensors measure the distance to the track at a central position between a front wheel and a rear wheel of the bogie. (Item 65) The railway condition monitoring device according to any one of items 62 to 64, further comprising: a transmitter structured to transmit the determination result of the determiner to the outside of the bogie.
  • a brake control device comprising: an acquirer structured to acquire distance information on a distance between a railway vehicle bogie on a track and the track; a determiner structured to determine a weight of the vehicle based on the distance information acquired by the acquirer; and a brake controller structured to change a braking force or an operating timing of a brake of the vehicle based on the determination result of the determiner.
  • a railway vehicle bogie comprising: an acquirer structured to acquire distance information on a distance to a traveling track; and a transmitter structured to transmit the distance information acquired by the acquirer to an outside of the acquirer.
  • a railway vehicle comprising: a bogie structured to travel on a track of a railway; an acquirer structured to acquire distance information on a distance between the bogie and the track; and a determiner structured to determine a weight of the vehicle based on the distance information acquired by the acquirer.
  • a railway condition monitoring device comprising: an acquirer structured to acquire distance information on a distance between a railway vehicle bogie on a track and the track; and a determiner structured to determine a shape change amount of a wheel of the bogie based on the distance information acquired by the acquirer and preset reference distance information.
  • the railway condition monitoring device includes a first distance sensor and a second distance sensor that are attached to a bogie frame of the bogie, arranged spaced apart from each other on both sides in a width direction, and each measure a distance to the track.
  • the first distance sensor and the second distance sensor include a plurality of sensor units that are arranged spaced apart from each other in a front-back direction between front and rear wheels of the bogie and measure the distance to the track.
  • a transmitter structured to transmit the determination result of the determiner to the outside of the bogie.
  • a brake control device comprising: an acquirer structured to acquire distance information on a distance between a railway vehicle bogie on a track and the track; a determiner structured to determine a shape change amount of a wheel of the bogie based on the distance information acquired by the acquirer and preset reference distance information; and a brake controller structured to change a braking force or an operating timing of a brake of the vehicle based on the determination result of the determiner.
  • a railway vehicle bogie comprising: a wheel; an acquirer structured to acquire distance information on a distance to a track on which the wheel travels; and a transmitter structured to transmit the distance information acquired by the acquirer to an outside of the acquirer.
  • a railway vehicle comprising: a bogie structured to include a wheel and travel on a track of a railway; an acquirer structured to acquire distance information on a distance between the bogie and the track; and a determiner structured to determine a shape change amount of a wheel of the bogie based on the distance information acquired by the acquirer and preset reference distance information.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
US17/020,303 2019-09-13 2020-09-14 Railway condition monitoring device, railway vehicle bogie, railway vehicle, railway brake control device Abandoned US20210078619A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2019-167060 2019-09-13
JP2019167060 2019-09-13
JP2020-135303 2020-08-07
JP2020135303A JP2021046191A (ja) 2019-09-13 2020-08-07 鉄道用状態監視装置、鉄道車両の台車、鉄道車両、鉄道用ブレーキ制御装置

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20210078619A1 true US20210078619A1 (en) 2021-03-18

Family

ID=72521373

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US17/020,303 Abandoned US20210078619A1 (en) 2019-09-13 2020-09-14 Railway condition monitoring device, railway vehicle bogie, railway vehicle, railway brake control device

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US20210078619A1 (de)
EP (1) EP3792141A1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11371875B2 (en) * 2019-12-16 2022-06-28 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Nondestructive inspection method and nondestructive inspection system
WO2022245936A1 (en) * 2021-05-19 2022-11-24 Rutgers, The State University Of New Jersey Systems and methods for machine learning enhanced railway condition monitoring, assessment and prediction
US20230166744A1 (en) * 2021-11-26 2023-06-01 Audi Ag Active chassis control for a motor vehicle

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4516249A (en) * 1981-12-22 1985-05-07 Westinghouse Brake & Signal Co. Ltd. Railway signalling receiver
US20110231039A1 (en) * 2008-11-19 2011-09-22 Eureka Navigation Solutions Ag Device and method for a rail vehicle
US20130083188A1 (en) * 2011-10-03 2013-04-04 International Electronic Machines Corporation Brake component monitoring
US20160144875A1 (en) * 2014-11-24 2016-05-26 Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute Apparatus and method for distributed processing of train monitoring traffic based on hierarchical wireless sensor network
US20170210401A1 (en) * 2016-01-22 2017-07-27 International Electronic Machines Corporation Railway Vehicle Operations Monitoring
US20190250069A1 (en) * 2018-02-15 2019-08-15 Amsted Rail Company, Inc. System, Method and Apparatus for Monitoring the Health of Railcar Wheelsets
US10618164B2 (en) * 2017-02-15 2020-04-14 Fanuc Corporation Robot system having learning control function and learning control method
US10793170B2 (en) * 2015-10-08 2020-10-06 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Temperature sensor unit-equipped axle box device and temperature detecting device of railcar bogie

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60311A (ja) 1983-06-17 1985-01-05 Japanese National Railways<Jnr> 車輪のフラツト摩耗等の検出装置
IT201600094095A1 (it) * 2016-09-20 2018-03-20 Ecm S P A Sistema di monitoraggio per l’acquisizione, l’elaborazione e la trasmissione di dati di funzionamento di un carrello ferroviario e carrello ferroviario comprendente detto sistema

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4516249A (en) * 1981-12-22 1985-05-07 Westinghouse Brake & Signal Co. Ltd. Railway signalling receiver
US20110231039A1 (en) * 2008-11-19 2011-09-22 Eureka Navigation Solutions Ag Device and method for a rail vehicle
US20130083188A1 (en) * 2011-10-03 2013-04-04 International Electronic Machines Corporation Brake component monitoring
US20160144875A1 (en) * 2014-11-24 2016-05-26 Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute Apparatus and method for distributed processing of train monitoring traffic based on hierarchical wireless sensor network
US10793170B2 (en) * 2015-10-08 2020-10-06 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Temperature sensor unit-equipped axle box device and temperature detecting device of railcar bogie
US20170210401A1 (en) * 2016-01-22 2017-07-27 International Electronic Machines Corporation Railway Vehicle Operations Monitoring
US10618164B2 (en) * 2017-02-15 2020-04-14 Fanuc Corporation Robot system having learning control function and learning control method
US20190250069A1 (en) * 2018-02-15 2019-08-15 Amsted Rail Company, Inc. System, Method and Apparatus for Monitoring the Health of Railcar Wheelsets

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11371875B2 (en) * 2019-12-16 2022-06-28 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Nondestructive inspection method and nondestructive inspection system
WO2022245936A1 (en) * 2021-05-19 2022-11-24 Rutgers, The State University Of New Jersey Systems and methods for machine learning enhanced railway condition monitoring, assessment and prediction
US20230166744A1 (en) * 2021-11-26 2023-06-01 Audi Ag Active chassis control for a motor vehicle
US11760365B2 (en) * 2021-11-26 2023-09-19 Audi Ag Active chassis control for a motor vehicle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3792141A1 (de) 2021-03-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20210078619A1 (en) Railway condition monitoring device, railway vehicle bogie, railway vehicle, railway brake control device
JP2021046191A (ja) 鉄道用状態監視装置、鉄道車両の台車、鉄道車両、鉄道用ブレーキ制御装置
US9340219B2 (en) Wayside measurement of railcar wheel to rail geometry
CN1704862B (zh) 适应性车辆行驶控制系统和适应性车辆行驶控制方法
EP1774275B1 (de) Gerät zur bestimmung von schwankbewegung und anstellwinkel eines schienenfahrzeugradsatzes
CN103644843B (zh) 轨道交通车辆运动姿态的检测方法及其应用
CN101666716A (zh) 铁路机车车辆运行姿态测量方法
CN105980231A (zh) 轨道车辆
US11485394B2 (en) Vehicle flashover detection system
JP2023078964A (ja) 状態監視装置及び状態監視方法
US11203353B2 (en) Steering control system, steering system, car, steering control method and recording medium
AU2015261670B2 (en) Wayside measurement of railcar wheel to rail geometry
CN202368605U (zh) 一种动态检测铁路轨道左右钢轨轨向的检测装置
JP6877306B2 (ja) 列車位置検出システム、自動列車制御システム、列車運転支援システム及び列車障害物検知システム
RU2428341C1 (ru) Система комплексного диагностического контроля ходовых частей поездов
JP7089063B2 (ja) 位置検出装置及び方法
WO2019155627A1 (ja) 鉄道車両の異常検出装置および方法
US11518354B2 (en) Weight profile determination system
Steišūnas et al. Estimation of ambient temperature impact on vertical dynamic behaviour of passenger rail vehicle with damaged wheels
Shaikh et al. Signal based indirect wheel profile estimation technique for solid axle railway wheelset
CN113548068A (zh) 轨面不平顺检测装置及检测方法
RU2806916C1 (ru) Способ обнаружения вагонов с отрицательной динамикой
WO2023199369A1 (ja) 寿命評価装置および方法
JP2019156387A (ja) 操舵制御システム、操舵システム、車両、操舵制御方法およびプログラム
RU2582761C1 (ru) Автоматизированная система измерений динамических характеристик и выявления вагонов с отрицательной динамикой

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: APPLICATION DISPATCHED FROM PREEXAM, NOT YET DOCKETED

AS Assignment

Owner name: NABTESCO CORPORATION, JAPAN

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:MORITA, MITSUMASA;SAKURAI, KYOKO;KATO, HIDEO;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20200909 TO 20201111;REEL/FRAME:054336/0153

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: DOCKETED NEW CASE - READY FOR EXAMINATION

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: NON FINAL ACTION MAILED

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION