US2020456A - Shaft packing suitable for steam turbines - Google Patents

Shaft packing suitable for steam turbines Download PDF

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Publication number
US2020456A
US2020456A US689781A US68978133A US2020456A US 2020456 A US2020456 A US 2020456A US 689781 A US689781 A US 689781A US 68978133 A US68978133 A US 68978133A US 2020456 A US2020456 A US 2020456A
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United States
Prior art keywords
reservoir
pockets
pressure
gland
packing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US689781A
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English (en)
Inventor
Cook Stanley Smith
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PARSONS MARINE STEAM TURBINE
PARSONS MARINE STEAM TURBINE Co Ltd
Original Assignee
PARSONS MARINE STEAM TURBINE
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/40—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces by means of fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/02—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by non-contact sealings, e.g. of labyrinth type
    • F01D11/04—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by non-contact sealings, e.g. of labyrinth type using sealing fluid, e.g. steam

Definitions

  • the invention relates to shaft packings suitable for steam turbines and particularly to packing systems of the kind commonly known as the reservoir type, the main object of such systems being to maintain an equal pressure slightly above atmosphere in all the outer pockets of the glands so that leakage to the engine room may be reduced to a negligible quantity, consistent, however, with obtaining an indication, by such leakage, that the gland system is functioning properly.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide improved or alternative forms of such packing systems.
  • the invention consists in improved shaft-packing systems suitable for steam turbines, as hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the claims.
  • Figure 1 shows a plan view of one form of the invention applied to a cross-compound turbine unit having high-pressure and low-pressure sections;
  • Figure 2 being a plan view of a system of the kind shown in Figure 1 duplicated for application to a twin-screw marine installation;
  • Figure 3 is a similar view of a modified system in which direct connections are provided between the high-pressure and low-pressure inner gland pockets at both ends of the turbine sections, with the reservoir symmetrically placed between these cross connections;
  • Figure 5 a modification of the system shown in Figure 4, in which the want of symmetry is to some extent reduced; while finally Figure 6 shows a structural form of the invention in which the reservoir capacity is in part provided by horizontal collectors.
  • Figure 1 In carrying the invention into efiect, one form is shown in Figure 1 applied to a steam turbine installation having a high-pressure section, a, and a low-pressure section, b, in separate casings, through the ends of which the turbine shafts, c and d respectively, pass.
  • the packings at both ends are of the labyrinth type, arranged in three lengths, a a (1. with intermediate outer and inner gland pockets, a and a respectively.
  • a steam reservoir, e, of any suitable form is provided to which the outer gland pockets, 0. at each end of the high-pressure turbine section, a, are connected by the pipes, a and the inner gland pockets by the pipes, a].
  • the reservoir may be of small size or serve merely as a junction piece.
  • the general flow of leakage steam is from the high-pressure turbine, a, to the low-pressure turbine, b, by way of the reservoir, e.
  • leakage steam at each I end from within the high-pressure turbine a will pass along the packing, a to the inner pocket, a and there divide, the greater part of it flowing directly through the pipe connection, a", therefrom to the reservoir, e, and the balance passing on through the intermediate length of labyrinth packing, a to the outer pocket, a whence it passes through the connection, a to the reservoir.
  • the rate of flow through the packing from the outer pocket, D to the inner pocket, b is also very small, and the pressure difference necessary to produce the flow of steam from the reservoir to the outer pocket through pipe, b is also very small.
  • Each set of turbines has its own reservoir, (the port reservoir being indicated at 0 and the starboard at 10) connected to all its outer and inner gland pockets, as shown in Figure 2 with a system of reference symbols similar to that of Figure 1, the two reservoirs being connected to a common control valve, h, with connections, f and i, to the live-steam supply and leak-off to the condenser as before, while a shut-off valve, 0 13 is provided in addition between the control valve, h, and each reservoir so that in the event of one set of turbines being inoperative, the whole of its gland system may be isolated from that of the other set.
  • the high-pressure inner gland pockets, a are directly interconnected by the pipes, r, to the low-pressure inner gland pockets, b at both ends of the turbine stages, similar inter-connections, 8, being provided between the high-pressure and low-pressure outer gland pockets, a, 12
  • Similar inter-connections, 8, being provided between the high-pressure and low-pressure outer gland pockets, a, 12
  • Each of these inter-connections, r, 1' is connected to the reservoir, 6, by a branch pipe, T and each of the inter-connections, s, by a branch pipe, 8
  • the direct interconnections, 1', s serve to conduct the bulk of the leakage steam from the high-pressure to the low-pressure pockets while the branch connections, T 8 to the reservoir conduct only the steam necessary for removing a surplus or supplying a deficiency, as the case may be.
  • the reservoir, e is arranged symmetrically between the pockets at the two ends of the turbines, as shown in Figure 3, but if this is not convenient, the reservoir, e, (see Figure 4) may be placed wholly on one side of the interconnections, 1', s, in which case, in respect of the inner gland pockets, a b a branch, r passes from the inter-connection, r, therebetween at one end to the inter-connection at the other end and continues as r to the reservoir, e, and similarly for the outer gland pockets, a 22*, the branch connecting the inter-connections being lettered s and its extension s If a more symmetrical arrangement is desirturbines are inter-connected by a commonpipe,
  • the control valve, h may either be connected to the reservoir directly or by way of a length of pipe, so that, in the latter case, it may be disposed in a suitable position for convenient manipulation.
  • a single-pocket type gland may be substituted for a two-pocket gland.
  • Shaft-packing system for the shafts ot elastic-fluid prime movers having a higher-pressure and a lower-pressure stage, comprising in combination packing for said shafts, said packing in respect of each of said stages comprising two end packings, two gland pockets spaced apart between said end packings, and a packing intermediate said gland pockets and serving as a leakage-flow path from one to the other of said gland pockets; together with a reservoir system including separate connections to said gland pockets in both said higher-pressure and said lower-pressure stages.
  • Shaft-packing system suitable for steam turbines, comprising two' end packings and two gland pockets spaced apart between said end packings, and packing intermediate said gland pockets and serving as a leakage-flow path from one to the other of said gland pockets; a reservoir system including separate connections to each of said gland pockets; a steam supply to' and a leak-off from said reservoir system; to-
  • Shaft-packing system for the shafts of elastic-fluid prime movers, comprising in combination a higher-pressure and a lower-pressure prime-mover stage disposed side by side, each of said stages including shafts and packing for said shafts at each end, each of said packings comprising two end packings, two gland pockets spaced apart between said end packings and a packing intermediate said pockets and serving as a leakage-flow path from one to the other of said pockets; a. reservoir system including separate cross connections between corresponding gland pockets at each end of said prime-mover stages and including also a reservoir properly disposed symmetrically between said stages and also between said cross connections; together with other connections between said reservoir proper and each of said cross connections.
  • Shaft-packing system for the shafts of elastic-fluid prime movers, comprising in combination a higher-pressure and a lower-pressure prime-mover stage disposed side by side, each of said stages including shafts and packing for said shafts at each end, each of said packings comprising two end packings, two gland pockets spaced apart between said end packings, and. a packing intermediate pockets and serving as a leakage-flow path from one to the other of said pockets; 'a reservoir system including separate cross connections between corresponding gland pockets at each end offsaid primemover stages and including also a reservoir proper disposed wholly on one side of all of said cross connections; together with connections between said reservoir proper and each of said cross connections.
  • Shaft-packing system for the shafts of twin elastic-fluid prime-mover plants each plant comprising in combination a higher-pressure and a lower-pressure prime-mover stage disposed side by side, each of said stages including shafts and.
  • each of said packings comprising end packings, two gland pockets spaced apart between said end packings, and a packing intermediate said pockets and serving as a leakage-flow path from one to the other of said gland pockets; each plant comprising also a reservoir system including separate connections to said gland pockets at each end of said higher-pressure and said lower-pressure stages and including also a reservoir proper; together with a direct connection between said reservoirs proper associated with said different plants and means for controlling flow of fluid through said direct connection.
  • Shaft-packing system for the shafts of elastic-fluid prime movers having a higher -pressure and a lower-pressure stage comprising in respect of each of said stages the following juxtaposed elements, namely, a first length of packing at the prime-mover end of the packing sys tem, a first gland pocket, a second length of packing, a second gland pocket and a third length of packing, together with a reservoir system including separate connections to said first and second gland pockets in both said higher-pres sure and said lower-pressure stages.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
US689781A 1932-09-19 1933-09-16 Shaft packing suitable for steam turbines Expired - Lifetime US2020456A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB26049/32A GB407397A (en) 1932-09-19 1932-09-19 Improvements in and relating to shaft packings suitable for steam turbines

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2020456A true US2020456A (en) 1935-11-12

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US689781A Expired - Lifetime US2020456A (en) 1932-09-19 1933-09-16 Shaft packing suitable for steam turbines

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US2020456A (en:Method)
FR (1) FR761991A (en:Method)
GB (1) GB407397A (en:Method)
NL (1) NL35515C (en:Method)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2532035A (en) * 1945-05-15 1950-11-28 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Blower for compressed combustible gases
EP0268423A3 (en) * 1986-11-14 1990-02-28 Hitachi, Ltd. Gland sealing steam supply system for steam turbines
EP2365189A3 (en) * 2010-03-02 2017-04-26 General Electric Company Steam turbine system including valve for leak off line for controlling seal steam flow
EP2650485A3 (en) * 2012-04-13 2018-02-28 General Electric Company Shaft sealing system for steam turbines

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113324600B (zh) * 2021-04-21 2022-09-20 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 一种fcb功能火电机组旁路容量测试方法

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2532035A (en) * 1945-05-15 1950-11-28 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Blower for compressed combustible gases
EP0268423A3 (en) * 1986-11-14 1990-02-28 Hitachi, Ltd. Gland sealing steam supply system for steam turbines
EP2365189A3 (en) * 2010-03-02 2017-04-26 General Electric Company Steam turbine system including valve for leak off line for controlling seal steam flow
EP2650485A3 (en) * 2012-04-13 2018-02-28 General Electric Company Shaft sealing system for steam turbines

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL35515C (en:Method)
FR761991A (en:Method) 1934-03-30
GB407397A (en) 1934-03-19

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