US2061902A

US2061902A - Turbine plant

Info

Publication number: US2061902A
Application number: US712045A
Authority: US
Inventors: Hanschke Albert
Original assignee: Fried Krupp Germaniawerft AG
Current assignee: Fried Krupp Germaniawerft AG
Priority date: 1933-06-13
Filing date: 1934-02-19
Publication date: 1936-11-24
Anticipated expiration: 1953-11-24

Description

Nov; 24, 1936. A. HANscHKE I II TURBINE PLANT I Filed Feb. 19, 1934. 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 5 e Hg. k 1 7 i I 17 '10 9 1o f3 Jijfl] FUR 1' Nov. 24, 1936. A, HANSCHKLE 2,061,902

TURBINE PLANT Filed Feb. 19, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 k A E Fig.4..

l4 flflfluu HM U [IHIJ UHUUIHI INVENTOR ATTORNEYS Patented Nov. 24, was

llilti'i'E STATES PATENT or ies Fried. Krupp Germaniawerft Aktiengesellschaft, Kiel- Gaarden, Germany Application February 19, 1934, Serial No. 712,045 In Germany June 13, 1933 3 Claims.

The invention relates to turbine plants, in particular for ships, of the kind having a double flow high pressure turbine. In known turbine plants of this kind the specific steam consumption is very uneconomical at small loads and low speeds of revolution. This is because with small quantities of steam the first stage has to operate with a disproportionately large fall in pressure at low starting speeds. On account of this disadvantage it has been proposed to provide special cruising turbines which are switched in, in front of the main turbine for low speed. Such an arrangement however necessitates an additional turbine with the gearing required for switching it in.

With the object of removing these disadvantages in a simple manner, the invention provides that the two symmetrical parts of the high pressure turbine, which are normally arranged in parallel, possess separate nozzle chambers and are provided with means whereby they may be connected so as to be traversed in series by the working medium, when the vessel is to go at a low speed only.

Some forms of construction of turbine plants according to the invention are illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through the apparatus, Fig. 2, a section along the line II-II of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a section similar to Fig. 2, but showing a modification with two nozzle chambers, and Fig. 4 is a section similar to Fig. 1 showing a modified device for connecting the two portions of the high pressure turbine.

Referring to the drawings I represents the high pressure and 2 the low pressure double-flow turbine. 3 is the reversing turbine which is built into the low pressure turbine and 4 a spur gearing on which the two turbines operate. At full load the steam flows through the two forward valves 5 and 6 into the nozzle chambers l and 8, and from thence in two parallel streams through the double-flow turbine. The two exhaust steam pipes of the high pressure turbine ll and I2 run into one another and lead'the steam to the low pressure turbine in which it again flows in two streams through the blading l3 and Hi and through the exhaust pipes l5 and It to the condenser, not shown. The double-flow high pressure turbine is so constructed that the wheel chambers ll, 18 of the parallel first stages are separated from one another by an end plate Hi. This end plate does not have to stand any pressure difference when the valves 5 and; 6 are open.

If the vessel is to go at low speed under satisfactory conditions as to the steam consumption,

(Cl. (SO- 70) the valve 6 is closed, the valve 29 opened and the slide valve 2! closed. The whole of the steam now flows through the valve 5 into the group of nozzles l, and thence into the wheel chamber ll, through the blading 9 and into the exhaust steam 5 pipe ll. As the slide valve 2i is closed the steam must pass through the opened valve 28 and the conduit 24 into the group of nozzles 8 and on through the blading ill and the exhaust pipe l2 into the low pressure turbine. The steam there- 10 fore flows in succession through the symmetrical parts of the high pressure turbine which at full load are arranged in parallel.

In connecting the two portions of the high pressure turbine in series it is advantageous to provide a special group of nozzles at 23, Figure 3 for the last traversed portion of the high pressure turbine, which group of nozzles is independent of the group of nozzles 8. The steam in this case is led from the valve into the conduit 2 20 This gives the advantage that the special group of nozzles can be adjusted for the low stage of speed so that a particularly favorable steam consumption is obtained.

It may sometimes be convenient to conduct the steam from the blading 9 via the valve 29 directly to the wheel chamber l8 as is shown in Figure 4 of the drawings by the conduit 22. This results in one stage being bridged over and running idle. 30

By employing the invention a special plant for the low stages of speed is rendered unnecessary and yet a substantial improvement in steam consumption is obtained. The new arrangement results in the pressure behind the first stage being raised owing to the intermediately inserted part of the turbine so that the fall in pressure at the first stage is lowered. This results in the total fall in pressure being operated at a better efficiency than previously.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:-

1. A turbine plant, in particular for ships, comprising a main shaft, a double-flow high pressure turbine divided into two symmetrical parts, a low pressure turbine, said high and low pressure turbines each having one shaft connected by a gear with said main shaft, a separate nozzle chamber for each of said high pressure turbine parts, means for leading the working medium in parallel through said two high pressure turbine parts, and means operable at will to connect said two high pressure turbine parts so as to be traversed in series by the working medium.

2. A turbine plant as specified in claim 1, comprising a special conduit for bridging over one or more stages of the last traversed part of the high pressure turbine, when the two parts thereof are arranged in series.

3. A turbine plant, comprising a main shaft, a high pressure section and a low pressure section connected in series and each provided with a shaft connected by a gear with said main shaft, said high pressure section being divided into two 10 symmetrical parts each comprising an impulse stage, a separate nozzle chamber for supplying fresh steam to each of said impulse stages, and means operable at will to connect said two turbine parts so as to be traversed in series by the working medium, said last means being arranged to by-pass steam from the exhaust side of said first traversed part of said high pressure turbine beyond the impulse stage only, of the second traversed part.

ALBERT HANSCHKE.