US20200386441A1 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
US20200386441A1
US20200386441A1 US16/770,118 US201816770118A US2020386441A1 US 20200386441 A1 US20200386441 A1 US 20200386441A1 US 201816770118 A US201816770118 A US 201816770118A US 2020386441 A1 US2020386441 A1 US 2020386441A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
heating medium
heat exchange
exchange unit
hole
heat exchanger
Prior art date
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Abandoned
Application number
US16/770,118
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English (en)
Inventor
In Chul Jeong
Jun Gil PARK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kyungdong Navien Co Ltd
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Kyungdong Navien Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
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Assigned to KYUNGDONG NAVIEN CO., LTD. reassignment KYUNGDONG NAVIEN CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: JEONG, IN CHUL, PARK, JUN GIL
Publication of US20200386441A1 publication Critical patent/US20200386441A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F24H1/12—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium
    • F24H1/124—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0037—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the conduits for the other heat-exchange medium also being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
    • F28D1/0308—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D1/0316—Assemblies of conduits in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/0027—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H8/00—Fluid heaters characterised by means for extracting latent heat from flue gases by means of condensation
    • F24H9/0047—
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/02—Casings; Cover lids; Ornamental panels
    • F24H9/128—
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/12—Arrangements for connecting heaters to circulation pipes
    • F24H9/13—Arrangements for connecting heaters to circulation pipes for water heaters
    • F24H9/139—Continuous flow heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/40—Arrangements for preventing corrosion
    • F24H9/45—Arrangements for preventing corrosion for preventing galvanic corrosion, e.g. cathodic or electrolytic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F28D9/0056—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another with U-flow or serpentine-flow inside conduits; with centrally arranged openings on the plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0093—Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/08—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by varying the cross-section of the flow channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
    • F28F3/086—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning having one or more openings therein forming tubular heat-exchange passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F28F9/027—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of distribution pipes
    • F28F9/0273—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of distribution pipes with multiple holes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • F28D20/021—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material and the heat-exchanging means being enclosed in one container
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0024—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for combustion apparatus, e.g. for boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • F28F2009/222—Particular guide plates, baffles or deflectors, e.g. having particular orientation relative to an elongated casing or conduit
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger, and more specifically, to a heat exchanger which allows boiling of a heating medium and lime precipitation from the heating medium to be suppressed and also allows heat transmittance efficiency to be improved by distributing the heating medium at different flow rates such that the flow rates of the heating medium passing through heating medium flow paths formed as a plurality of layers between a plurality of plates are balanced with amounts of absorbed heat.
  • Boilers for heating or for hot water are apparatuses configured to heat heating water or direct water (hereinafter, referred to as a “heating medium”) using heat sources so as to heat desired places or supply hot water to the places, and include burners configured to burn mixtures of gas and air and heat exchangers configured to transmit combustion heat of combustion gas to the heating medium.
  • the heat exchanger including a burner positioned at a center of the heat exchanger and a heat exchanger pipe wound around the burner in a coil shape is disclosed in Korean Registered Patent No. 10-0813807.
  • the heat exchanger according to the related art has problems in that, since a tube is molded to have a flat shape, the tube is deformed to a round shape in a case in which a pressure is applied to a heat transmission medium unit and, since the tube is manufactured to be rolled upward, the tube is thick.
  • the conventional heat exchanger since the conventional heat exchanger has a structure in which the heat exchanger pipe is wound around a combustion chamber in the coil shape, heat exchange between combustion gas and a heating medium is performed only at a local space adjacent to the heat exchanger, and thus there is a disadvantage in that a wide heat transmission area cannot be secured.
  • a plate type heat exchanger has been recently developed in which a plurality of plates are stacked and a heating medium flow path and a combustion gas flow path are formed between the plurality of plates so that heat exchange is performed between a heating medium and combustion gas.
  • the plate type heat exchanger according to the related art is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2006-214628.
  • a flow direction of a heating medium is changed from a horizontal direction to a vertical direction in a process in which the heating medium is distributed to heating medium flow paths formed as a plurality of layers, and flow rates of the heating medium distributed to the layers of the heating medium flow paths may be non-uniform due to inertia and pressure of the heating medium.
  • a heating medium passes through a plurality of heating medium flow paths 21 , 22 , 23 , and 24 formed in a lower heat exchange unit 20 and flows in one direction, the flow direction of the heating medium is changed in a direction opposite to the one direction, and the heating medium passes through a plurality of heating medium flow paths 11 , 12 , 13 , and 14 formed in an upper heat exchange unit 10 and is discharged through a heating medium outlet pipe (not shown).
  • the heating medium passing through a flow path conversion unit 30 in which the flow direction of the heating medium is changed is supplied at a relatively higher flow rate to the outer heating medium flow path 11 positioned at an upper side due to inertia, and the heating medium is supplied at relatively lower flow rates to the remaining heating medium flow paths 12 , 13 , and 14 positioned at a lower side.
  • An outer plate 10 a positioned at an uppermost end forming the outer heating medium flow path 11 is in contact with external air, and heat of combustion gas is transmitted only through an inner plate 10 b positioned below the outer plate 10 a . Accordingly, since the heating medium is supplied at the high flow rate to the heating medium flow path 11 formed due to the outer plate 10 a even though the heating medium flow path 11 absorbs little heat, and heat of the combustion gas is transmitted to the heating medium flow paths 12 , 13 , and 14 formed due to inner plates 10 c and 10 d through all of the two plates 10 c and 10 d so that the heating medium is supplied at the lower flow rates to heating medium flow paths 12 , 13 , and 14 even though the heating medium flow paths 12 , 13 , and 14 absorb a great deal of heat, the flow rates of the heating medium are unbalanced with amounts of the absorbed heat.
  • the present invention is directed to providing a heat exchanger which allows boiling of a heating medium and lime precipitation from the heating medium due to local overheating of the heating medium to be suppressed and also allows heat transmittance efficiency to be improved.
  • One aspect of the present invention provides a heat exchanger including a heat exchange unit in which heating medium flow paths and combustion gas flow paths are alternately formed adjacent to each other in a plurality of stacked plates, wherein a heating medium flows through the heating medium flow paths, combustion gas flows through the combustion gas flow paths, and the heat exchange unit includes a heating medium differential distribution unit configured to distribute the heating medium at different flow rates to the heating medium flow paths formed in parallel such that the flow rates of the heating medium passing through the heating medium flow paths, which are formed in parallel, of the heat exchange unit are balanced with amounts of absorbed heat transmitted to the plates.
  • the heating medium differential distribution unit may distribute the heating medium at the different flow rates such that a flow rate of the heating medium passing through the heating medium flow path formed due to an outer plate forming an outer wall of the heat exchange unit among the plurality of plates is less than the flow rate of the heating medium passing through the heating medium flow path formed due to the plate positioned inside the heat exchange unit.
  • the heating medium differential distribution unit may be formed to have a structure in which a heating medium outlet pipe provided at a heating medium outlet side of the heat exchange unit extends toward one side of the heating medium flow paths formed in parallel positioned at the heating medium outlet side.
  • a lower end portion of the heating medium outlet pipe may be spaced a predetermined gap from a discharge port of the heating medium flow path formed due to the outer plate and extend to be positioned at one side of the discharge port of the heating medium flow path.
  • An extension pipe portion may be formed on the heating medium outlet pipe to be spaced the predetermined gap from the discharge port of the heating medium flow path formed due to the outer plate and positioned at the one side of the discharge port of the heating medium flow path.
  • a sensible heat exchange unit configured to heat the heating medium using sensible heat of the combustion gas generated by combustion of a burner and a latent heat exchange unit configured to heat the heating medium using latent heat of the combustion gas passing through the sensible heat exchange unit may be integrally formed in the plurality of stacked plates.
  • the heating medium differential distribution unit may be disposed at a position, which is the same as that of a heating medium outlet pipe provided at a heating medium outlet side of the sensible heat exchange unit, and provided at one side of the sensible heat exchange unit.
  • the heating medium flow paths of the latent heat exchange unit may be formed in parallel.
  • a connecting path of the heating medium may be formed between the sensible heat exchange unit and the latent heat exchange unit, and the heating medium flow paths of the latent heat exchange unit may be connected in parallel between a heating medium inlet through which the heating medium is introduced and the connecting path of the heating medium.
  • the heat exchange unit may surround an outer side of a combustion chamber and be provided to have a stacked structure of a plurality of heat exchange units, and heating medium flow directions may be different from each other in the sensible heat exchange unit formed at one side of the plurality of heat exchange units.
  • the heat exchange unit may include at least two unit heat exchange units, and the unit heat exchange units may be formed such that the heating medium flows in two directions or directions opposite to each other.
  • the heating medium may flow in two directions through a first heat exchange unit positioned at a lower portion of the sensible heat exchange unit, the heating medium may flow in one direction through a second heat exchange unit positioned at an intermediate portion of the sensible heat exchange unit, and the heating medium may flow in a direction opposite to the one direction through a third heat exchange unit positioned at an upper portion of the sensible heat exchange unit.
  • the heat exchange unit may surround an outer side of a combustion chamber and be provided to have a stacked structure of a plurality of heat exchange units, the heating medium flow paths may be connected in series between the plurality of heat exchange units, and the heating medium flow paths may be formed in parallel in each of the heat exchange units.
  • a through hole through which the heating medium is introduced and another through hole through which the heating medium is discharged may be formed to be adjacent and spaced apart from each other in one side portion of each of the plurality of heat exchange units, and the through hole through which the heating medium is introduced may be blocked from the another through hole through which the heating medium is discharged, wherein the through hole and the another through hole may be positioned adjacent to each other in the heat exchange unit, and the through hole through which the heating medium is introduced and the another through hole through which the heating medium is discharged, which are formed in any one heat exchange unit among the heat exchange units which are stacked adjacent to each other, may be formed at positions which are opposite to each other and at which the through hole through which the heating medium is introduced and the another through hole through which the heating medium is discharged, which are formed in the remaining one heat exchange unit.
  • a through hole at one side, another through hole at the other side, a blocking portion, and another blocking portion may be formed in one upper side portion of the heat exchange unit, wherein the through hole at the one side and the other through hole at the another side may provide a connecting path of a heating medium such that the heating medium flows in one direction between the heat exchange units which are stacked adjacent to each other, the blocking portion may guide the heating medium introduced into the heating medium flow path through the through hole at the one side to flow around the combustion chamber in one direction and to flow toward the another through hole at the other side, and the blocking portion may guide the heating medium introduced into the heating medium flow path through the another through hole at the other side to flow around the combustion chamber in a direction opposite to the one direction and to flow toward the through hole at the one side.
  • a heating medium differential distribution unit is provided to distribute a heating medium at different flow rates such that the flow rates of the heating medium passing through heating medium flow paths formed as a plurality of layers between a plurality of plates are balanced with amounts of absorbed heat transmitted to the plates, boiling of the heating medium and lime precipitation from the heating medium due to local overheating can be suppressed and heat transmittance efficiency can also be improved.
  • the heating medium differential distribution unit is formed in which a lower end portion of a heating medium outlet pipe extends inward of a heat exchange unit such that the heating medium outlet pipe is positioned at one side of the heating medium flow path positioned at an outer side of the heat exchange unit, a structure of the heat exchanger in which the heating medium differential distribution unit is formed can be simplified.
  • an extension pipe portion is additionally formed on an extending portion of the heating medium outlet pipe as necessary, even in a case in which a diameter of the heating medium outlet pipe spaced a predetermined gap from the heating medium flow path positioned at the outer side is not sufficient to block one side of the heating medium flow path, the extension pipe portion can be spaced the predetermined gap from the heating medium flow path positioned at the outer side and can block the one side of the heating medium flow path, and thus the heating medium can be effectively distributed at different flow rates.
  • the heating medium flow paths are formed in series between the plurality of heat exchange units and the heating medium flow paths are formed in parallel in each of the heat exchange units, when a capacity of the heat exchanger is increased, the capacity can be increased without reducing a pressure of the heating medium by adjusting the number of parallel flow paths.
  • the plurality of plates are stacked to integrally form a sensible heat exchange unit and a latent heat exchange unit, the number of components of the heat exchanger can be decreased, and a production process is simplified, and thus an automatic production process is possible.
  • FIG. 1 is a view for describing an imbalance problem between a flow rate of a heating medium and an amount of absorbed heat in a conventional heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating a heat exchanger according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view illustrating the heat exchanger according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view illustrating a part of a plate forming the heat exchanger according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view illustrating a flow path of a heating medium.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a heating medium outlet pipe of a heat exchanger according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • a heat exchanger 1 includes a heat exchange unit 100 formed of a plurality of plates stacked around a combustion chamber C in which combustion heat and combustion gas are generated due to combustion of the burner (not shown).
  • the heat exchange unit 100 includes a sensible heat exchange unit 100 A surrounding an outer side of the combustion chamber C and including one side regions of the plates to heat a heating medium using sensible heat of the combustion gas generated by combustion of the burner and a latent heat exchange unit 100 B including the other side regions of the plates to heat the heating medium using latent heat generated while water vapor included in the combustion gas, of which heat is exchanged in the sensible heat exchange unit 100 A, is condensed.
  • the sensible heat exchange unit 100 A and the latent heat exchange unit 100 B are formed to have an integral structure using the plurality of stacked plates.
  • a heating medium inlet pipe 101 is provide at one side of an upper portion of the latent heat exchange unit 100 B, and a heating medium outlet pipe 102 is provided at one side of an upper portion of the sensible heat exchange unit 100 A.
  • the heating medium outlet pipe 102 serves as a heating medium differential distribution unit which will be described below.
  • the plurality of plates may include twelve unit plates, but FIG. 4 shows only two unit plates 100 - 1 and 100 - 2 positioned at the top.
  • the unit plate 100 - 1 includes a first plate 100 a - 1 positioned at the top and a second plate 100 b - 1 stacked below the first plate 100 a - 1
  • the unit plate 100 - 2 includes a first plate 100 a - 2 positioned at the top and a second plate 100 b - 2 stacked below the first plate 100 a - 2 .
  • heating medium flow paths P 1 through which the heating medium flows are formed between the first plates 100 a - 1 and 100 a - 2 and the second plates 100 b - 1 and 100 b - 2 forming the unit plates 100 - 1 and 100 - 2 . That is, the heating medium flow path P 1 is formed between the first plate 100 a - 1 and the second plate 100 b - 1 forming the unit plate 100 - 1 , and the heating medium flow path P 1 is formed between the first plate 100 a - 2 and the second plate 100 b - 2 forming the unit plate 100 - 2 .
  • combustion gas flow paths P 2 through which the combustion gas flows are formed between the second plate 100 b - 1 forming the unit plate 100 - 1 positioned at one side of the unit plates 100 - 1 and 100 - 2 which are stacked to each other and the unit plate 100 - 2 forming the first plate 100 a - 2 positioned at the other side thereof.
  • the heating medium flow path P 1 and the combustion gas flow path P 2 are alternately formed adjacent to each other so that heat exchange is performed between the heating medium and the combustion gas.
  • the heating medium flow path P 1 and the combustion gas flow path P 2 are formed adjacent to each other but spatially spaced apart from each other so that the heating medium flows through the heating medium flow path P 1 and the combustion gas flows through the combustion gas flow path P 2 .
  • the first plate includes a first planar portion 110 , a first protrusion 120 protruding upward from one side of the first planar portion 110 and including a central portion in which a first open port A 1 is formed to form the sensible heat exchange unit 100 A, a second protrusion 130 protruding upward from the other side of the first planar portion 110 to form the latent heat exchange unit 100 B and a first flange 140 bent downward from an edge of the first plate.
  • the second plate includes a second planar portion 150 , a first recessed portion 160 recessed downward from one side of the second planar portion 150 to form the heating medium flow path P 1 between the first protrusion 120 and the first recessed portion 160 and including a central portion in which a second open port A 2 corresponding to the first open port A 1 is formed, a second recessed portion 170 recessed downward from the other side of the second planar portion 150 to form the heating medium flow path P 1 between the second protrusion 130 and the second recessed portion 170 , and a second flange 180 bent downward from an edge of the second plate.
  • the heat exchange unit 100 is formed to have a stacked structure of a plurality of heat exchange units and includes at least two unit heat exchange units 100 -A, 100 -B, and 100 -C, and the unit heat exchange units 100 -A, 100 -B, and 100 -C are formed such that the heating medium flows in two directions or directions opposite to each other.
  • the plurality of unit heat exchange units 100 -A, 100 -B, and 100 -C may include a first heat exchange unit 100 -A, a second heat exchange unit 100 -B, and a third heat exchange unit 100 -C.
  • the first heat exchange unit 100 -A may include a stacked structure of four unit plates positioned at an upper portion thereof
  • the second heat exchange unit 100 -B may include a stacked structure of four unit plates positioned an intermediate portion thereof
  • the third heat exchange unit 100 -C may include a stacked structure of four unit plates positioned at a lower portion thereof.
  • FIG. 5 Shows flow directions of the heating medium.
  • the heating medium inlet pipe 101 is provided at one side of the latent heat exchange unit 100 B, and through holes H 1 and H 5 , through which the heating medium introduced into the heating medium inlet pipe 101 flows to the heating medium flow path P 1 formed between the unit plates, are formed at a lower side of the heating medium inlet pipe 101 .
  • Through holes H 2 and H 6 are formed at the other side of the latent heat exchange unit 100 B so that the heating medium passing through the heating medium flow path P 1 flows to the third heat exchange unit 100 -C of the sensible heat exchange unit 100 A.
  • a blocking portion H 2 ′ is formed at the other side of the first plate 100 a - 1 positioned at an uppermost end thereof at a position corresponding to the through hole H 2 .
  • connecting paths (not shown) for the heating medium are formed between the through holes H 2 and H 6 of the latent heat exchange unit 100 B and the third heat exchange unit 100 -C of the sensible heat exchange unit 100 A.
  • the heating medium flow paths P 1 of the latent heat exchange unit 100 B may be connected in parallel between a heating medium inlet connected to the heating medium inlet pipe 101 through which the heating medium is introduced and the connecting paths for the heating medium to reduce a flow resistance of the heating medium.
  • the heating medium passing through the latent heat exchange unit 100 B flows through the third heat exchange unit 100 -C of the sensible heat exchange unit 100 A in two directions, flows through the second heat exchange unit 100 -B in the counterclockwise direction, flows through the first heat exchange unit 100 -A in the clockwise direction, and is discharged through the heating medium outlet pipe 102 .
  • through holes H 3 and H 4 adjacent to each other are formed in one side portion of the first plate, and through holes H 7 and H 8 are formed in one side portion of the second plate at positions corresponding to the through holes H 3 and H 4 .
  • a blocking portion H 3 ′ is formed in the first plate positioned at an uppermost end of the third heat exchange unit 100 -C at a position corresponding to the through hole H 3
  • a blocking portion H 7 ′ is formed in the second plate positioned at a lowermost end of the second heat exchange unit 100 -B at a position corresponding to the through hole H 7
  • a blocking portion H 4 ′ is formed in the first plate positioned at the uppermost end of the second heat exchange unit 100 -B at a position corresponding to the through hole H 4
  • a blocking portion H 8 ′ is formed in the second plate positioned at the lowermost end of the first heat exchange unit 100 -A at a position corresponding to the through hole H 8
  • the blocking portion H 3 ′ is formed in the first plate positioned at the uppermost end of the first heat exchange unit 100 -A at the position corresponding to the through hole H 3 .
  • the through holes H 7 and H 8 which are adjacent to each other and through which the heating medium is introduced and the through holes H 4 and H 3 which are adjacent to each other and through which the heating medium is discharged are formed in one side portions of the plurality of heat exchange units 100 A, 100 B, and 100 C, and in the heat exchange units, the through holes H 7 and H 8 which are adjacent to each other and through which the heating medium is introduced are blocked from the through holes H 4 and H 3 which are adjacent to each other and through which the heating medium is discharged.
  • the through hole through which the heating medium is introduced and the through hole through which the heating medium is discharged which are formed in any one heat exchange unit of the heat exchange units stacked adjacent to each other, are formed at positions which are opposite to positions at which the through hole through which the heating medium is introduced and the through hole through which the heating medium is discharged are formed in the remaining one heat exchange unit. That is, in the third heat exchange unit 100 -C and the second heat exchange unit 100 -B which are stacked adjacent to each other, the through hole H 4 through which the heating medium is discharged is formed at one side of the third heat exchange unit 100 -C, and the through hole H 3 through which the heating medium is discharged is formed at the other side of the second heat exchange unit 100 -B.
  • the through hole H 8 through which the heating medium is introduced is formed at one side of the second heat exchange unit 100 -B
  • the through hole H 3 through which the heating medium is discharged is formed at the other side of the second heat exchange unit 100 -B
  • the through hole H 7 through which the heating medium is introduced is formed at the other side of the first heat exchange unit 100 -A
  • the through hole H 4 through which the heating medium is discharged is formed at one side of the first heat exchange unit 100 -A.
  • the heating medium flow paths P 1 are formed in series between the plurality of heat exchange units 100 -A, 100 -B, and 100 -C, and the heating medium flow paths P 1 are formed in parallel in the heat exchange units 100 -A, 100 -B, and 100 -C.
  • the heating medium flow paths P 1 are formed in parallel in the latent heat exchange unit 100 B so that a flow resistance of the heating medium can be decreased, and the heating medium flow paths P 1 are formed in series in the sensible heat exchange unit 100 A so that the heating medium can smoothly circulate therein, and pressure reduction of the heating medium is minimized and local overheating is prevented so that heat efficiency can be improved.
  • the combustion gas generated due to combustion of the burner in the combustion chamber C flows outward in a radial direction of the heat exchange unit 100 and is discharged toward one side (right side in the drawing).
  • the first flange 140 of the first plate partially overlaps the second flange 180 of the second plate, combustion gas discharge ports D, through which the combustion gas flowing and passing through combustion gas flow paths P 2 is discharged, are formed in one regions of the edges of the first plate and the second plate when the first plate and the second plate are stacked.
  • the combustion gas discharged through the combustion gas discharge ports D is discharged through an exhaust hood (not shown).
  • the heating medium differential distribution unit is provided at a heating medium outlet side of the sensible heat exchange unit 100 A, wherein the heating medium differential distribution unit distributes the heating medium at different flow rates to the parallel heating medium flow paths P 1 such that the flow rates of the heating medium passing through the parallel heating medium flow paths P 1 are balanced with amounts of absorbed heat transmitted to the plurality of plates.
  • the heating medium differential distribution unit is a unit configured to distribute the heating medium at the different flow rates such that a flow rate of the heating medium passing through a heating medium flow path P 1 - 1 formed due to the outer plate 100 a - 1 forming an outer wall of the heat exchange unit 100 among the plurality of plates is relatively lower than flow rates of the heating medium passing through heating medium flow paths P 1 - 2 , P 1 - 3 , and P 1 - 4 formed due to the remaining plates positioned below the outer plate 100 a - 1 and inside heat exchange unit 100 .
  • the heating medium differential distribution unit may be formed to have a structure in which the heating medium outlet pipe 102 provided at the heating medium outlet side of the heat exchange unit 100 extends downward to be positioned at one side of the parallel heating medium flow paths positioned at the heating medium outlet side.
  • a lower end portion 102 a of the heating medium outlet pipe 102 may be spaced apart from a discharge port P 1 - 1 ′ of the heating medium flow path P 1 - 1 formed due to the outer plate 100 a - 1 and extend to be positioned at one side of the discharge port P 1 - 1 ′ of the heating medium flow path P 1 - 1 .
  • Undescribed reference numeral 102 b is a fixing unit configured to fix the heating medium outlet pipe 102 to the first plate 100 a - 1 .
  • arrows show directions in which the heating medium flows
  • lengths of the arrows in the first heat exchange unit 100 -A show magnitudes of the flow rates of the heating medium
  • thick dotted lines indicate boundaries between the heat exchange units 100 -A, 100 -B, and 100 -C.
  • the heating medium passing through heating medium flow paths P 1 - 9 , P 1 - 10 , P 1 - 11 , and P 1 - 12 of the third heat exchange unit 100 -C of the sensible heat exchange unit 100 A and flowing in two directions passes through heating medium flow paths P 1 - 5 , P 1 - 6 , P 1 - 7 , and P 1 - 8 of the second heat exchange unit 100 -B and flows in one direction, the flow direction thereof is changed in a direction opposite to the one direction, and the heating medium passes through the heating medium flow paths P 1 - 1 , P 1 - 2 , P 1 - 3 , and P 1 - 4 of the first heat exchange unit 100 -A, flows in a direction opposite to the one direction, and is discharged through the heating medium outlet pipe 102 .
  • the flow rate of the heating medium passing through the outer heating medium flow path P 1 - 1 among the heating medium flow paths P 1 - 1 , P 1 - 2 , P 1 - 3 , and P 1 - 4 of the first heat exchange unit 100 -A may be lower than the flow rate of the heating medium passing through each of the remaining heating medium flow paths P 1 - 2 , P 1 - 3 , and P 1 - 4 .
  • the flow rate of the heating medium passing through each of the remaining heating medium flow paths P 1 - 2 , P 1 - 3 , and P 1 - 4 may be greater than the flow rate of the heating medium passing through the outer heating medium flow path P 1 - 1 .
  • the heating medium flow path P 1 - 1 formed due to the outer first plate 100 a - 1 positioned at an outermost side and disposed in contact with external air and the second plate 100 b - 1 coupled to the outer first plate 100 a - 1 through only the second plate 100 b - 1 so that an amount of absorbed heat is relatively small, the heating medium flows at a relatively low flow rate through the heating medium flow path P 1 - 1 .
  • the heating medium flows at relatively high flow rates through the heating medium flow paths P 1 - 2 , P 1 - 3 , and P 1 - 4 .
  • a heating medium is distributed at different flow rates such that the flow rates of the heating medium passing through the heating medium flow paths formed as the plurality of layers between the plurality of plates are balanced with amounts of absorbed heat transmitted to the plates, boiling of the heating medium and lime precipitation from the heating medium due to local overheating can be suppressed and heat transmittance efficiency can also be improved.
  • an extension pipe portion 102 c which is positioned at one side of the discharge port P 1 - 1 ′ of the heating medium flow path P 1 - 1 formed due to the outer plate 100 a - 1 , is spaced apart from the discharge port P 1 - 1 ′ of the heating medium flow path P 1 - 1 by a predetermined gap is formed in the heating medium outlet pipe 102 .
  • the extension pipe portion 102 c even in a case in which a diameter of the heating medium outlet pipe 102 spaced the predetermined gap from the heating medium flow path P 1 - 1 positioned at an outer side is not sufficient to block the one side of the heating medium flow path P 1 - 1 , since the extension pipe portion 102 c may be spaced the predetermined gap from the heating medium flow path P 1 - 1 positioned at the outer side and may block the one side of the heating medium flow path P 1 - 1 , a heating medium may be effectively distributed at different flow rates.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US16/770,118 2017-12-20 2018-12-11 Heat exchanger Abandoned US20200386441A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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KR10-2017-0175645 2017-12-20
KR1020170175645A KR20190074362A (ko) 2017-12-20 2017-12-20 열교환기
PCT/KR2018/015660 WO2019124847A1 (ko) 2017-12-20 2018-12-11 열교환기

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KR (1) KR20190074362A (ko)
CN (1) CN111406193A (ko)
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EP3730888A4 (en) 2021-09-08
EP3730888A1 (en) 2020-10-28
CN111406193A (zh) 2020-07-10
KR20190074362A (ko) 2019-06-28
WO2019124847A1 (ko) 2019-06-27

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