US20200318215A1 - Steel sheet for shielding magnetic field and method for manufacturing same - Google Patents
Steel sheet for shielding magnetic field and method for manufacturing same Download PDFInfo
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- US20200318215A1 US20200318215A1 US16/955,562 US201816955562A US2020318215A1 US 20200318215 A1 US20200318215 A1 US 20200318215A1 US 201816955562 A US201816955562 A US 201816955562A US 2020318215 A1 US2020318215 A1 US 2020318215A1
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002595 magnetic resonance imaging Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000005381 magnetic domain Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
- H05K9/0073—Shielding materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/28—Normalising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/10—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure
- H01F1/11—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure in the form of particles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/16—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of sheets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
- H01F27/36—Electric or magnetic shields or screens
- H01F27/366—Electric or magnetic shields or screens made of ferromagnetic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
- H01F3/02—Cores, Yokes, or armatures made from sheets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0206—Manufacturing of magnetic cores by mechanical means
- H01F41/0233—Manufacturing of magnetic circuits made from sheets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
- H01F41/0266—Moulding; Pressing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
- H05K9/0073—Shielding materials
- H05K9/0075—Magnetic shielding materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a steel sheet for shielding a magnetic field used in a medical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) room wall, or the like, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- MRI magnetic resonance imaging
- a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device mainly used in hospitals is a device applying radio waves to a human body located within a strong magnetic field and measuring the reflected magnetic field to observe brains, internal organs, and other internal organs.
- the MRI device utilizes a superconducting magnet to generate a static magnetic field, and there have recently been high magnetic field MRI devices of 7 T (T: Tesla) or higher developed to obtain high-resolution images.
- permeability characteristics indicating a high magnetic flux density according to a specific magnetic field intensity in a material are important in shielding a DC magnetic field, and it is necessary to have a low coercive force.
- precipitates such as carbon, nitrogen, carbides or nitrides in steel, which hinder movements of a magnetic domain wall, should be minimized, and grain growth should be promoted while reducing grain boundaries.
- An addition of impurities to steel forms finely dispersed precipitates during solidification or during a heat treatment process after rolling, thereby forming a new magnetic domain which reduces static magnetic energy and intervenes movements of the magnetic domain wall.
- the intrusive element reduces permeability by elastically deforming a lattice of a solid solution, and carbon is a representative element.
- Patent Document 1 has proposed a hot-rolled pickled thick steel sheet having excellent magnetic field shielding characteristics; however, the steel sheet of Patent Document 1 is different from that of the present disclosure in that it lacks magnetic shielding performance because magnetic characteristics are only provided by hot-rolling, coiling and pickling without a heat treatment and is a material for shielding an AC magnetic fields. Recently, there is increasing demand for steel materials having excellent magnetic shielding ability capable of shielding a DC magnetic field such as an MRI room. (Patent Document 1) Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2005-0129244
- An aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a steel sheet having excellent magnetic field shielding performance by controlling alloying elements and heat treatment conditions, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- An aspect of the present disclosure relates to a steel sheet for shielding magnetic field, comprising, by weight %, 0.02% or less of carbon (C), 0.001% to 0.05% of silicon (Si), 0.01% to 0.2% of manganese (Mn), 0.001% or 0.05% of aluminum (Al), 0.005% or less niobium (Nb), 0.07% or less of titanium (Ti), 0.01% or less of nitrogen (N), 0.015% or less of phosphorus (P), 0.005% or less of sulfur (S), and a remainder of iron (Fe) and inevitable impurities, wherein a microstructure has ferrite as main structure, wherein the ferrite has an average grain size of 100 ⁇ m or greater.
- An another aspect relates to a method for manufacturing a steel sheet for shielding magnetic field, including reheating a steel slab comprising by weight %, 0.02% or less of carbon (C), 0.001% to 0.05% of silicon (Si), 0.01% to 0.2% of manganese (Mn), 0.001% or 0.05% of aluminum (Al), 0.005% or less niobium (Nb), 0.07% or less of titanium (Ti), 0.01% or less of nitrogen (N), 0.015% or less of phosphorus (P), 0.005% or less of sulfur (S), and a remainder of iron (Fe) and inevitable impurities at a temperature of Ac3 to 1250° C., hot rolling the reheated slab and finish hot rolling at a temperature of Ar3 or higher to obtain a steel sheet; and air cooling the steel sheet to room temperature.
- C carbon
- Si silicon
- Mn manganese
- Al aluminum
- Nb niobium
- Ti titanium
- N nitrogen
- P phosphorus
- the present disclosure can provide a steel sheet having excellent magnetic field shielding performance, capable of suppressing an impact on the human body and external electronic devices when applying a DC magnetic field and applying the DC magnetic field from an MRI device to outside of an MRI room by enabling smooth movements of magnetic domains.
- FIG. 1 is a graph illustrating magnetic flux density according to magnetic field intensity of Inventive Examples 2, 5 and 7 and Comparative Example 2.
- FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating relative permeability according to the magnetic flux density of Inventive Examples 2, 5 and 7 and Comparative Example 2.
- the present inventors conducted extensive research on the above technical problems, and as a result, controlled alloying elements and a manufacturing process to improve shielding performance of a DC magnetic field to coarse grains and facilitate smooth movements of a magnetic domain when the DC magnetic field is applied, thereby providing a steel material having a size of 15 mmt capable of preventing the DC magnetic field released from hospital MRI devices being applied to the outside an MRI room and affecting the human body and external electronic devices.
- the steel sheet of the present disclosure may contain, by weight % (hereinafter, “%”), 0.02% or less of carbon (C), 0.001% to 0.05% of silicon (Si), 0.01% to 0.2% of manganese (Mn), 0.001% or 0.05% of aluminum (Al), 0.005% or less of niobium (Nb), 0.07% or less of titanium (Ti), 0.01% or less of nitrogen (N), 0.015% or less of phosphorus (P), 0.005% or less of sulfur (S), and a remainder of iron (Fe) and inevitable impurities.
- C is preferably contained of 0.02% or less, more preferably 0.005% or less.
- Silicon (Si) is mainly used as a deoxidizer. When Si is contained, solubility of C is reduced, thereby lowering magnetic field shielding characteristics. In this regard, it is preferable to contain 0.05% or less. However, Si less than 0.001% results in insufficient deoxidization. Accordingly, an amount of Si is preferably 0.001% to 0.05%, more preferably 0.001% to 0.05%.
- Manganese (Mn) is an element binding to S to form MnS, which is a factor itself increasing brittleness. In order to reduce the brittleness due to S, it is preferable to contain 0.01% or more. However, since MnS formed at a grain boundary during high temperature heat treatment suppress grain coarsening, it is preferable that an amount of Mn not exceed 0.2%.
- Aluminum (Al) is an element for deoxidizing molten steel inexpensively. To sufficiently obtain such an effect, it is preferable to contain 0.001% or more. In the case of an amount exceeding 0.05%, however, Al binds to N to form AlN, thereby suppressing grain coarsening. In this regard, it is preferable to contain Al in an amount of 0.05% or less.
- Niobium (Nb) is an element precipitated in the form of NbC or Nb(C,N) to significantly improve strength of a base material and a weld zone. Further, Nb employed during reheating at a high temperature suppresses recrystallization of austenite and transformation of ferrite or bainite thereby refine a structure. In this regard, Nb is an element added to secure strength of a conventional hot rolled steel sheet. Meanwhile, Nb has an adverse effect on magnetic shielding characteristics due to grain refinement, and thus, it is preferable that 0.005% or less of Nb be contained.
- Titanium (Ti) has an effect of inhibiting grain growth as a result of reacting mainly with nitrogen when heated and thus is preferable to be added to a conventional carbon steel to improve strength and toughness.
- Ti is a detrimental element ingrain coarsening, it is preferable to contain Ti in an amount of 0.07% or less.
- Nitrogen (N) is an element forming TiN when simultaneously added with Ti and forming AlN by binding to Al when Ti is not added.
- TiN, AlN, or the like is formed at a grain boundary or within a grain, grain coarsening is suppressed during heat treatment at a high temperature.
- N is preferably contained in an amount of 0.01% (100 ppm) or less, more preferably 0.005% (50 ppm) or less.
- Phosphorus (P) is an element advantageous in improving strength and corrosion resistance but may significantly increase brittleness of a material. In this regard, it is desirable that an amount thereof be managed to be as low as possible. Accordingly, it is preferable that the amount of P be 0.015% or less.
- S Sulfur
- MnS MnS
- an amount of S be 0.005% or less.
- the steel sheet of the present disclosure contains iron (Fe) in addition to the above mentioned alloy elements.
- Fe iron
- undesired impurities may be inevitably incorporated from an environment or a raw material during a conventional manufacturing process and thus cannot be excluded.
- Such impurities are known to any one of ordinary skill in the art, and will thus not be mentioned in detail.
- the steel sheet of the present disclosure has a main structure of ferrite and preferably contains 95 area % or more of ferrite, more preferably 99 area % or more.
- an average grain size of the ferrite be 100 ⁇ m or greater.
- the grain size is less than 100 ⁇ m after hot rolling, air cooling, normalizing heat treatment, and stress relief annealing, a movement of a magnetic domain is not smooth so that a magnetic flux density is not sufficiently high when a magnetic field is induced on a shielding steel sheet. Thereby, a shielding effect is not sufficient when a DC magnetic field is applied to an MRI of 7 T or higher.
- the steel sheet of the present disclosure may contain precipitates at a grain boundary or within a grain of the ferrite.
- the precipitates may be AlN, TiN, MnS, or the like.
- a maximum size of the precipitate not exceed 100 nm, more preferably 20 nm.
- the steel sheet has yield strength of 190 MPa or less, tensile strength of 220 MPa to 300 MPa, elongation of 40% or more, and a yield ratio of 0.8 or less.
- the steel sheet of the prevent disclosure is preferably has a magnetic flux density of 1 T (Tesla) or higher under magnetic field intensity of 300 A/m, more preferably 1.3 T or higher for better DC magnetic field shielding performance.
- the steel sheet of the present disclosure may be manufactured by heating a steel material (a steel slab) satisfying the alloy composition described above and hot rolling. If necessary, stress relief annealing may be performed, in addition to a normalizing heat treatment. Each process will be described in detail.
- a steel material satisfying the previously described alloy composition a steel slab, is prepared and heated.
- the heating is preferably performed in the temperature range of Ac3 to 1250° C.
- the Ac3 can be calculated using Equation 1 below.
- the heating temperature of the steel slab is less than Ac3, transformation of austenite to ferrite is initiated during rolling, thereby adversely affecting magnetic characteristics due to refinement of grain size of ferrite. Meanwhile, it is preferable that the heating be performed at a temperature not exceeding 1250° C. in consideration of economical feasibility.
- Each component symbol refers to a content thereof (wt %).
- the heated steel material is hot rolled.
- the hot rolling process specifically involves rough rolling of the reheated slab and finish rolling to obtain a hot rolled steel sheet.
- the rough rolling is preferably performed in the temperature range of Tnr to 1250° C.
- Tnr can be derived from Equation 2 below.
- Each component symbol refers to a content thereof (wt %).
- the finish rolling when the finish rolling is performed in a temperature range below Ar3, at which the austenite begins to transform to ferrite, refined ferrite forms nuclei at a ferrite grain boundary, thereby reducing an average grain size so that adversely affecting magnetic characteristics. Accordingly, it is preferable that the finish rolling be performed at a temperature of Ar3 or higher.
- Hot rolled steel sheet is then cooled.
- the cooling is not particularly managed.
- air cooling is performed, the air cooling is performed until the temperature reaches room temperature.
- the cooled steel sheet is normalizing heat treated of maintaining at a temperature of Ac3 or higher for (1.3t+30) minutes, and then, furnace cooling or air cooling.
- the normalizing heat treatment performed for a long period of time at a temperature of Ar3 or higher is effective in improving magnetic shielding characteristics due to additional grain coarsening. It requires at least (1.3t, t: thickness) minutes to allow an thick steel plate to reach a target temperature, and at least 30 minutes of maintaining after the target temperature is reached to distribute a uniform temperature from a surface of the steel sheet to a center thereof.
- stress relief annealing of heat treating at 800° C. to 900° C. for (1.3t+30) minutes, and then, furnace cooling may be performed. Stress remaining in the hot rolled steel sheet, which has been rough rolled and finish rolled, may interfere movements of the magnetic domain and significantly reduce the magnetic characteristics.
- stress relief annealing of heat treating at 800° C. to 900° C. for (1.3t+30, t: thickness of steel sheet) minutes after the normalizing heat treatment, and then air cooling or furnace cooling may be additionally performed to maximize the magnetic shielding characteristics.
- a steel slab having a thickness of 300 mm and the composition of Table 1 is prepared, and a sheet material is manufactured under the condition of Table 2 below.
- a unit of the alloy composition of Table 1 is wt %, and a remainder of iron (Fe) and inevitable impurities are included.
- a grain size and mechanical properties were evaluated and indicated in Table 3 below.
- the grain size was observed in a thickness direction of the steel sheet using an optical microscope.
- the mechanical properties such as yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, and the like, were evaluated using a tensile tester by taking a full thickness sample in a rolling direction at room temperature.
- Inventive Examples satisfying the alloy composition and manufacturing process of the present disclosure have a grain size of 100 ⁇ m or greater, yield strength of 190 MPa or less, tensile strength of 220 MPa to 300 MPa, elongation of 40% or more, and a yield ratio of 0.8 or less.
- Comparative Examples 1 and 2 employs a steel containing C in an amount exceeding the amount suggested in the present disclosure, so that they contain grains having a refined size as compared to those of Inventive Examples 1 to 7, and thus have yield strength and tensile strength beyond the ranges suggested in the present disclosure due to grain refinement.
- Comparative Example 3 has a composition satisfying the range suggested in the present disclosure, however, a thickness of a final product after hot rolling the slab is small (a total reduction amount is increased), which is beyond the strength range suggested in the present disclosure.
- Inventive Examples 1 to 7 satisfying the alloy composition and manufacturing method of the present disclosure have a magnetic flux density of 1.0 T or higher at magnetic field intensity of B3.
- Inventive Example 3 among all Inventive Examples, does not involve additional normalizing heat treatment after hot rolling and cooling and showed relative lower values as compared to Inventive Examples 1 and 2, which are in similar conditions.
- Inventive Example 7 is a result of performing stress relief annealing and thus has a highest excellent magnetic flux density compared to the other conditions.
- Comparative Examples 1 to 3 have a magnetic flux density of 0.11 T to 0.98 T at magnetic field intensity of B3, indicating inappropriateness to be used as a material for an MRI shielding room of 7 T or higher.
- FIG. 1 is a graph illustrating magnetic flux density according to magnetic field intensity of Inventive Examples 2, 5 and 7 and Comparative Example 2.
- the magnetic flux density was found to be high in the order of Examples 7, 2, and 5, while Comparative Example 2 showed a lowest magnetic flux density. It can be seen that the magnetic characteristics are the highest when the stress relief annealing and normalizing heat treatment are performed after hot rolling and the composition and components suggested in the present disclosure are satisfied.
- FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating relative permeability according to the magnetic flux density of Inventive Examples 2, 5 and 7 and Comparative Example 2.
- Permeability is a value indicating a degree of magnetization of a medium in a given magnetic field
- relative permeability indicates a ratio of permeability of a medium to vacuum permeability and is represented as the equation “magnetic flux density/magnetic field intensity/1.257.”
- the relative permeability of FIG. 2 illustrates a result of each sample indicated in FIG. 1 calculated using the equation with respect to the magnetic flux density.
- the graph indicates that a higher relative magnetic permeability enables easier magnetization of a shielding material when a magnetic field is applied and more effective shielding performance.
Abstract
Description
- The present disclosure relates to a steel sheet for shielding a magnetic field used in a medical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) room wall, or the like, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device mainly used in hospitals is a device applying radio waves to a human body located within a strong magnetic field and measuring the reflected magnetic field to observe brains, internal organs, and other internal organs. The MRI device utilizes a superconducting magnet to generate a static magnetic field, and there have recently been high magnetic field MRI devices of 7 T (T: Tesla) or higher developed to obtain high-resolution images.
- When a leakage magnetic field occurs outside an MRI room due to a high magnetic field generated from the MRI device, malfunctioning of electronic equipment is caused by disturbing a signal system of a high-precision electronic device. Further, as there have been studies undertaken to show a high magnetic field has a detrimental effect on the human body, it is necessary to use a magnetic shielding material to prevent such high magnetic field from leaking to the outside. More preferably, a magnetic shielding material, which has high performance and is economical, is required. In this regard, it is essential to select an optimal shielding material and thickness such that a magnetic flux density outside a conventional MRI shielding room is less than 5 Gauss (=0.5 mT).
- In particular, permeability characteristics indicating a high magnetic flux density according to a specific magnetic field intensity in a material are important in shielding a DC magnetic field, and it is necessary to have a low coercive force. In order to decrease coercive force while increasing permeability, precipitates such as carbon, nitrogen, carbides or nitrides in steel, which hinder movements of a magnetic domain wall, should be minimized, and grain growth should be promoted while reducing grain boundaries. An addition of impurities to steel forms finely dispersed precipitates during solidification or during a heat treatment process after rolling, thereby forming a new magnetic domain which reduces static magnetic energy and intervenes movements of the magnetic domain wall. In addition, when impurities enter iron as an intrusion type rather than a substitution type, a greater adverse effect is imposed on magnetic characteristics. The intrusive element reduces permeability by elastically deforming a lattice of a solid solution, and carbon is a representative element.
- Patent Document 1 has proposed a hot-rolled pickled thick steel sheet having excellent magnetic field shielding characteristics; however, the steel sheet of Patent Document 1 is different from that of the present disclosure in that it lacks magnetic shielding performance because magnetic characteristics are only provided by hot-rolling, coiling and pickling without a heat treatment and is a material for shielding an AC magnetic fields. Recently, there is increasing demand for steel materials having excellent magnetic shielding ability capable of shielding a DC magnetic field such as an MRI room. (Patent Document 1) Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2005-0129244
- An aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a steel sheet having excellent magnetic field shielding performance by controlling alloying elements and heat treatment conditions, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- A technical problem of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and other problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.
- An aspect of the present disclosure relates to a steel sheet for shielding magnetic field, comprising, by weight %, 0.02% or less of carbon (C), 0.001% to 0.05% of silicon (Si), 0.01% to 0.2% of manganese (Mn), 0.001% or 0.05% of aluminum (Al), 0.005% or less niobium (Nb), 0.07% or less of titanium (Ti), 0.01% or less of nitrogen (N), 0.015% or less of phosphorus (P), 0.005% or less of sulfur (S), and a remainder of iron (Fe) and inevitable impurities, wherein a microstructure has ferrite as main structure, wherein the ferrite has an average grain size of 100 μm or greater.
- An another aspect relates to a method for manufacturing a steel sheet for shielding magnetic field, including reheating a steel slab comprising by weight %, 0.02% or less of carbon (C), 0.001% to 0.05% of silicon (Si), 0.01% to 0.2% of manganese (Mn), 0.001% or 0.05% of aluminum (Al), 0.005% or less niobium (Nb), 0.07% or less of titanium (Ti), 0.01% or less of nitrogen (N), 0.015% or less of phosphorus (P), 0.005% or less of sulfur (S), and a remainder of iron (Fe) and inevitable impurities at a temperature of Ac3 to 1250° C., hot rolling the reheated slab and finish hot rolling at a temperature of Ar3 or higher to obtain a steel sheet; and air cooling the steel sheet to room temperature.
- The present disclosure can provide a steel sheet having excellent magnetic field shielding performance, capable of suppressing an impact on the human body and external electronic devices when applying a DC magnetic field and applying the DC magnetic field from an MRI device to outside of an MRI room by enabling smooth movements of magnetic domains.
-
FIG. 1 is a graph illustrating magnetic flux density according to magnetic field intensity of Inventive Examples 2, 5 and 7 and Comparative Example 2. -
FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating relative permeability according to the magnetic flux density of Inventive Examples 2, 5 and 7 and Comparative Example 2. - The present inventors conducted extensive research on the above technical problems, and as a result, controlled alloying elements and a manufacturing process to improve shielding performance of a DC magnetic field to coarse grains and facilitate smooth movements of a magnetic domain when the DC magnetic field is applied, thereby providing a steel material having a size of 15 mmt capable of preventing the DC magnetic field released from hospital MRI devices being applied to the outside an MRI room and affecting the human body and external electronic devices.
- First, a composition range of the steel sheet of the present disclosure is described. The steel sheet of the present disclosure may contain, by weight % (hereinafter, “%”), 0.02% or less of carbon (C), 0.001% to 0.05% of silicon (Si), 0.01% to 0.2% of manganese (Mn), 0.001% or 0.05% of aluminum (Al), 0.005% or less of niobium (Nb), 0.07% or less of titanium (Ti), 0.01% or less of nitrogen (N), 0.015% or less of phosphorus (P), 0.005% or less of sulfur (S), and a remainder of iron (Fe) and inevitable impurities.
- C: 0.02% or Less
- Carbon (C) significantly reduces permeability by elastically deforming a lattice of a solid solution. In addition, as ferrite or carbide formed due to C interferes a movement of a magnetic domain wall so that increases an iron loss, it is preferable not to contain carbon as little as possible. Accordingly, C is preferably contained of 0.02% or less, more preferably 0.005% or less.
- Si: 0.001% to 0.05%
- Silicon (Si) is mainly used as a deoxidizer. When Si is contained, solubility of C is reduced, thereby lowering magnetic field shielding characteristics. In this regard, it is preferable to contain 0.05% or less. However, Si less than 0.001% results in insufficient deoxidization. Accordingly, an amount of Si is preferably 0.001% to 0.05%, more preferably 0.001% to 0.05%.
- Mn: 0.01% to 0.2%
- Manganese (Mn) is an element binding to S to form MnS, which is a factor itself increasing brittleness. In order to reduce the brittleness due to S, it is preferable to contain 0.01% or more. However, since MnS formed at a grain boundary during high temperature heat treatment suppress grain coarsening, it is preferable that an amount of Mn not exceed 0.2%.
- Al: 0.001% to 0.05%
- Aluminum (Al) is an element for deoxidizing molten steel inexpensively. To sufficiently obtain such an effect, it is preferable to contain 0.001% or more. In the case of an amount exceeding 0.05%, however, Al binds to N to form AlN, thereby suppressing grain coarsening. In this regard, it is preferable to contain Al in an amount of 0.05% or less.
- Nb: 0.005% or Less
- Niobium (Nb) is an element precipitated in the form of NbC or Nb(C,N) to significantly improve strength of a base material and a weld zone. Further, Nb employed during reheating at a high temperature suppresses recrystallization of austenite and transformation of ferrite or bainite thereby refine a structure. In this regard, Nb is an element added to secure strength of a conventional hot rolled steel sheet. Meanwhile, Nb has an adverse effect on magnetic shielding characteristics due to grain refinement, and thus, it is preferable that 0.005% or less of Nb be contained.
- Ti: 0.07% or Less
- Titanium (Ti) has an effect of inhibiting grain growth as a result of reacting mainly with nitrogen when heated and thus is preferable to be added to a conventional carbon steel to improve strength and toughness. In the present disclosure, however, not only strength and toughness are not important factors but also Ti is a detrimental element ingrain coarsening, it is preferable to contain Ti in an amount of 0.07% or less.
- N: 0.01% (100 ppm) or Less
- Nitrogen (N) is an element forming TiN when simultaneously added with Ti and forming AlN by binding to Al when Ti is not added. In the case in which TiN, AlN, or the like, is formed at a grain boundary or within a grain, grain coarsening is suppressed during heat treatment at a high temperature.
- Accordingly, N is preferably contained in an amount of 0.01% (100 ppm) or less, more preferably 0.005% (50 ppm) or less.
- P: 0.015% or Less
- Phosphorus (P) is an element advantageous in improving strength and corrosion resistance but may significantly increase brittleness of a material. In this regard, it is desirable that an amount thereof be managed to be as low as possible. Accordingly, it is preferable that the amount of P be 0.015% or less.
- S: 0.005% or Less
- Sulfur (S) is an element, which significantly increases brittleness by forming MnS, or the like, and thus is desirable to manage an amount as low as possible. Accordingly, it is preferable that an amount of S be 0.005% or less.
- The steel sheet of the present disclosure contains iron (Fe) in addition to the above mentioned alloy elements. However, undesired impurities may be inevitably incorporated from an environment or a raw material during a conventional manufacturing process and thus cannot be excluded. Such impurities are known to any one of ordinary skill in the art, and will thus not be mentioned in detail.
- The steel sheet of the present disclosure has a main structure of ferrite and preferably contains 95 area % or more of ferrite, more preferably 99 area % or more.
- It is preferable that an average grain size of the ferrite be 100 μm or greater. In the case in which the grain size is less than 100 μm after hot rolling, air cooling, normalizing heat treatment, and stress relief annealing, a movement of a magnetic domain is not smooth so that a magnetic flux density is not sufficiently high when a magnetic field is induced on a shielding steel sheet. Thereby, a shielding effect is not sufficient when a DC magnetic field is applied to an MRI of 7 T or higher.
- Meanwhile, the steel sheet of the present disclosure may contain precipitates at a grain boundary or within a grain of the ferrite. The precipitates may be AlN, TiN, MnS, or the like. As the precipitates serve to suppress grain growth due to a pinning effect during the normalizing heat treatment after rolling, it is preferable that a maximum size of the precipitate not exceed 100 nm, more preferably 20 nm.
- It is preferable that the steel sheet has yield strength of 190 MPa or less, tensile strength of 220 MPa to 300 MPa, elongation of 40% or more, and a yield ratio of 0.8 or less.
- In the case of high magnetic field MRI equipment of 7 T or higher, magnetic field intensity of a DC magnetic field induced on a shielding steel sheet forms an MRI room wall body is conventionally 200 A/m to 300 A/m and is commonly designed to be applied with a magnetic flux density of 1.3 T to 1.5 T. Accordingly, the steel sheet of the prevent disclosure is preferably has a magnetic flux density of 1 T (Tesla) or higher under magnetic field intensity of 300 A/m, more preferably 1.3 T or higher for better DC magnetic field shielding performance.
- A method for manufacturing the steel sheet of the present disclosure will be described in detail. The steel sheet of the present disclosure may be manufactured by heating a steel material (a steel slab) satisfying the alloy composition described above and hot rolling. If necessary, stress relief annealing may be performed, in addition to a normalizing heat treatment. Each process will be described in detail.
- As an example, a steel material satisfying the previously described alloy composition, a steel slab, is prepared and heated. The heating is preferably performed in the temperature range of Ac3 to 1250° C. The Ac3 can be calculated using Equation 1 below. When the heating temperature of the steel slab is less than Ac3, transformation of austenite to ferrite is initiated during rolling, thereby adversely affecting magnetic characteristics due to refinement of grain size of ferrite. Meanwhile, it is preferable that the heating be performed at a temperature not exceeding 1250° C. in consideration of economical feasibility.
-
Ac3(° C.)=937.2−436.5C+56Si−19.7Mn+136.3Ti−19.1Nb+198.4Al [Equation 1] - Each component symbol refers to a content thereof (wt %).
- The heated steel material is hot rolled. The hot rolling process specifically involves rough rolling of the reheated slab and finish rolling to obtain a hot rolled steel sheet. The rough rolling is preferably performed in the temperature range of Tnr to 1250° C. When the slab is rolled at a temperature below Tnr, grains are refined, thereby making it ineffective in improving magnetic shielding performance. Meanwhile, the Tnr can be derived from
Equation 2 below. -
Tnr(° C.)=887+464C+(6445Nb−/644Nb)+890Ti+363Al−357Si [Equation 2] - Each component symbol refers to a content thereof (wt %).
- Meanwhile, when the finish rolling is performed in a temperature range below Ar3, at which the austenite begins to transform to ferrite, refined ferrite forms nuclei at a ferrite grain boundary, thereby reducing an average grain size so that adversely affecting magnetic characteristics. Accordingly, it is preferable that the finish rolling be performed at a temperature of Ar3 or higher.
- Hot rolled steel sheet is then cooled. The cooling is not particularly managed. As a preferred example, air cooling is performed, the air cooling is performed until the temperature reaches room temperature.
- The cooled steel sheet is normalizing heat treated of maintaining at a temperature of Ac3 or higher for (1.3t+30) minutes, and then, furnace cooling or air cooling. The normalizing heat treatment performed for a long period of time at a temperature of Ar3 or higher is effective in improving magnetic shielding characteristics due to additional grain coarsening. It requires at least (1.3t, t: thickness) minutes to allow an thick steel plate to reach a target temperature, and at least 30 minutes of maintaining after the target temperature is reached to distribute a uniform temperature from a surface of the steel sheet to a center thereof.
- To remove stress inside the steel sheet which has been normalizing heat treated, stress relief annealing of heat treating at 800° C. to 900° C. for (1.3t+30) minutes, and then, furnace cooling may be performed. Stress remaining in the hot rolled steel sheet, which has been rough rolled and finish rolled, may interfere movements of the magnetic domain and significantly reduce the magnetic characteristics. In this regard, stress relief annealing of heat treating at 800° C. to 900° C. for (1.3t+30, t: thickness of steel sheet) minutes after the normalizing heat treatment, and then air cooling or furnace cooling, may be additionally performed to maximize the magnetic shielding characteristics.
- The prevent disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the Examples. The Examples, however, are merely for understanding of the present disclosure and should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure. The scope of the present disclosure is determined by subject matter described in the claims and reasonably inferred therefrom.
- A steel slab having a thickness of 300 mm and the composition of Table 1 is prepared, and a sheet material is manufactured under the condition of Table 2 below. A unit of the alloy composition of Table 1 is wt %, and a remainder of iron (Fe) and inevitable impurities are included.
-
TABLE 1 classification C Si Mn P S T-Al Nb Ti N Steel 1 0.0015 0.002 0.053 0.0070 0.0038 0.0322 0.0014 0.0686 0.0022 Steel 20.0195 0.001 0.195 0.0072 0.0032 0.0230 0.0001 0.0001 0.0018 Steel 3 0.0016 0.003 0.032 0.0057 0.0045 0.0076 0.0005 0.0003 0.0019 Steel 4 0.1500 0.010 0.500 0.0150 0.0150 0.0400 0.0001 0.0001 — Steel 5 0.0300 0.010 0.200 0.0100 0.0100 0.035 0.0001 0.0001 — Steel 6 0.0015 0.002 0.069 0.0092 0.0043 0.035 0.0001 0.0289 0.0095 -
TABLE 2 Normalizing Normalizing Cooling Stress Slab Finish heat heat after relief Stress heating rolling treatment treatment Normalizing annealing relief temp temp Thickness temp time heat temp time Steel (° C.) (° C.) (mm) (° C.) (min) treatment (° C.) (min) note Steel 1 1180 980 25 950 62.5 air — — IE 1 cooling Steel 1 1180 980 25 950 62.5 furnace — — IE 2cooling Steel 1 1180 980 25 — — — — — IE 3 Steel 21180 980 25 950 62.5 air — — IE 4 cooling Steel 2 1180 980 25 950 62.5 furnace — — IE 5 cooling Steel 3 1140 920 25 910 100 air — — IE 6 cooling Steel 3 1140 920 25 910 100 air 840 120 IE 7 cooling Steel 4 1180 860 25 — — — — — CE 1 Steel 5 1180 890 20 — — — — — CE 2Steel 6 1180 920 2.5 — — — — — CE 3 *IE: Inventive Example **CE: Comparative Example - For the steel sheet manufactured under the conditions of Table 2, a grain size and mechanical properties were evaluated and indicated in Table 3 below. The grain size was observed in a thickness direction of the steel sheet using an optical microscope. Meanwhile, the mechanical properties, such as yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, and the like, were evaluated using a tensile tester by taking a full thickness sample in a rolling direction at room temperature.
-
TABLE 3 Yield Tensile Grain size strength strength Elongation classification (μm) (MPa) (MPa) (%) Yield ratio IE 1 357.0 102 258 76.8 0.40 IE 2386.0 86 253 77.3 0.34 IE 3 121.5 113 263 76.4 0.43 IE 4 320.5 180 289 65.8 0.63 IE 5 345.5 172 281 70.2 0.61 IE 6 137.1 149 270 66.0 0.62 IE 7 168.3 120 265 71.5 0.45 CE 1 21.1 232 409 42.1 0.57 CE 222.4 194 304 44.1 0.61 CE 3 35.2 204 272 40.2 0.75 * IE: Inventive Example ** CE: Comparative Example - As shown in Table 3, Inventive Examples satisfying the alloy composition and manufacturing process of the present disclosure have a grain size of 100 μm or greater, yield strength of 190 MPa or less, tensile strength of 220 MPa to 300 MPa, elongation of 40% or more, and a yield ratio of 0.8 or less.
- Meanwhile, in the case of Inventive Example 3, the same composition as and similar manufacturing processes of Inventive Examples 1 and 2 are applied, however, a normalizing heat treatment was not performed. Thereby, the grain size of Inventive Example 3 is relatively small as compared to Inventive Examples 1 and 2.
- Meanwhile, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 employs a steel containing C in an amount exceeding the amount suggested in the present disclosure, so that they contain grains having a refined size as compared to those of Inventive Examples 1 to 7, and thus have yield strength and tensile strength beyond the ranges suggested in the present disclosure due to grain refinement. Comparative Example 3 has a composition satisfying the range suggested in the present disclosure, however, a thickness of a final product after hot rolling the slab is small (a total reduction amount is increased), which is beyond the strength range suggested in the present disclosure.
- Meanwhile, a magnetic flux density of the manufactured steel sheet was measured with respect to magnetic field intensity and indicated in Table 4 below.
-
TABLE 4 Magnetic flux density to magnetic field intensity (T) B2 (200 B3 (300 B5 (500 B25 (2500 classification A/m) A/m) A/m) A/m) IE 1 1.14 1.36 1.50 1.66 IE 21.33 1.44 1.51 1.65 IE 3 0.88 1.11 1.34 1.65 IE 4 0.74 1.04 1.32 1.64 IE 5 0.78 1.16 1.44 1.66 IE 6 1.03 1.23 1.38 1.64 IE 7 1.41 1.48 1.54 1.65 CE 1 0.02 0.11 0.36 1.55 CE 20.22 0.52 0.86 1.63 CE 3 0.74 0.98 1.34 1.59 * IE: Inventive Example ** CE: Comparative Example - As indicated in Table 4 above, Inventive Examples 1 to 7 satisfying the alloy composition and manufacturing method of the present disclosure have a magnetic flux density of 1.0 T or higher at magnetic field intensity of B3.
- Meanwhile, Inventive Example 3, among all Inventive Examples, does not involve additional normalizing heat treatment after hot rolling and cooling and showed relative lower values as compared to Inventive Examples 1 and 2, which are in similar conditions. In contrast, Inventive Example 7 is a result of performing stress relief annealing and thus has a highest excellent magnetic flux density compared to the other conditions.
- Meanwhile, Comparative Examples 1 to 3 have a magnetic flux density of 0.11 T to 0.98 T at magnetic field intensity of B3, indicating inappropriateness to be used as a material for an MRI shielding room of 7 T or higher.
-
FIG. 1 is a graph illustrating magnetic flux density according to magnetic field intensity of Inventive Examples 2, 5 and 7 and Comparative Example 2. In a certain magnetic field intensity region, the magnetic flux density was found to be high in the order of Examples 7, 2, and 5, while Comparative Example 2 showed a lowest magnetic flux density. It can be seen that the magnetic characteristics are the highest when the stress relief annealing and normalizing heat treatment are performed after hot rolling and the composition and components suggested in the present disclosure are satisfied. -
FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating relative permeability according to the magnetic flux density of Inventive Examples 2, 5 and 7 and Comparative Example 2. Permeability is a value indicating a degree of magnetization of a medium in a given magnetic field, while relative permeability indicates a ratio of permeability of a medium to vacuum permeability and is represented as the equation “magnetic flux density/magnetic field intensity/1.257.” The relative permeability ofFIG. 2 illustrates a result of each sample indicated inFIG. 1 calculated using the equation with respect to the magnetic flux density. The graph indicates that a higher relative magnetic permeability enables easier magnetization of a shielding material when a magnetic field is applied and more effective shielding performance.
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JP2021507988A (en) | 2021-02-25 |
CN111492725A (en) | 2020-08-04 |
EP3731614B1 (en) | 2023-08-09 |
CN111492725B (en) | 2023-09-19 |
EP3731614A4 (en) | 2021-01-20 |
WO2019124982A1 (en) | 2019-06-27 |
KR101977507B1 (en) | 2019-05-10 |
EP3731614A1 (en) | 2020-10-28 |
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