US20190289752A1

US20190289752A1 - Cooling system

Info

Publication number: US20190289752A1
Application number: US16/242,845
Authority: US
Inventors: Zhihua Ma
Original assignee: Tusimple Inc
Current assignee: Beijing Tusimple Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-11-08
Filing date: 2019-01-08
Publication date: 2019-09-19
Anticipated expiration: 2039-01-08
Also published as: US10973152B2; US20210219464A1; US11632880B2; CN107885295A; US20230247805A1

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a cooling system. The cooling system includes: a first set of fans mounted on an inward-facing side of an air inlet on an outer shell of a case; a second set of fans mounted on an inward-facing side of an air outlet on the outer shell of the case, for generating, in cooperation with the first set of fans, a high-pressure airflow from the air inlet to the air outlet; a first heat sink connected to heat generating component in the case, for absorbing heat from the heat generating component and transferring the absorbed heat to a second heat sink; and the second heat sink mounted on an inward-facing side of the second set of fans and cooled by the high-pressure airflow.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to autonomous driving technology, and more particularly, to a cooling system.

BACKGROUND

Currently, in order to achieve autonomous driving of a vehicle, typically one or even more vehicle-mounted computer servers for decision making and controlling are provided on such vehicle. As complicated techniques are involved in autonomous driving, it is desired that the vehicle-mounted computer servers could have more powerful functions, with not only high computing capabilities and high processing efficiencies, but also capabilities of running stably for a long time (e.g., high anti-vibration capability and excellent cooling effect). Hence, compared with ordinary computer servers, a vehicle-mounted computer server may have a larger number of components to be installed therein, e.g., a number of sets of core components, such as a number of Central Processing Units (CPUs), a number of Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), a number of expansion cards, one or more power sources, and the like.
Due to a limited space in a vehicle, these core components may typically be arranged densely and compactly in a case having a limited space. However, some components (referred to as “heat generating components” hereinafter) will generate heat during their operation. A heat generating component may malfunction as its temperature increases. Thus, it is desired to dissipate the heat generated by the heat generating component timely, so as to ensure that the core component can function normally.

SUMMARY

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a cooling system is provided. The cooling system includes: a first set of fans mounted on an inward-facing side of an air inlet on an outer shell of a case; a second set of fans mounted on an inward-facing side of an air outlet on the outer shell of the case, for generating, in cooperation with the first set of fans, a high-pressure airflow from the air inlet to the air outlet; a first heat sink connected to a heat generating component in the case, for absorbing heat from the heat generating component and transferring the absorbed heat to a second heat sink; and the second heat sink mounted on an inward-facing side of the second set of fans and cooled by the high-pressure airflow.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The figures are provided for facilitating further understanding of the present disclosure. The figures constitute a portion of the description and can be used in combination with the embodiments of the present disclosure to interpret, rather than limiting, the present disclosure. In the figures:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a cooling system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B are schematic diagrams showing a structure of a first set of fans and a structure of a second set of fans, respectively;

FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a first heat sink including a plurality of sets of heat pipes according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a first mounting device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3C is a schematic diagram showing a heat pipe mounted on a heat generating component via a first mounting device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3D is a schematic diagram showing a plurality of sets of heat pipes provided on respective heat generating components according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3E is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a cooling system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B are schematic diagrams each showing a structure of a first heat sink including a turbofan heat sink according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a first heat sink including a water cooling device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; and

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a layer of cooling fins provided on a surface of a graphics card according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

In the following, the solutions according to the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely with reference to the figures, such that the solutions can be better understood by those skilled in the art. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some, rather than all, of the embodiments of the present disclosure. All other embodiments that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments described in the present disclosure without any inventive efforts are to be encompassed by the scope of the present disclosure.
The present disclosure provides a cooling system, capable of cooling a heat generating component in a computer server quickly, so as to ensure that the heat generating component can function stably. With the cooling system according to the present disclosure, a first heat sink may transfer the heat generated by the heat generating component directly to the second heat sink, and then the first set of fans and the second set of fans generate a high-pressure airflow for cooling the second heat sink. With the cooling system according to the present disclosure, on one hand, the first heat sink may transfer the heat generated by the heat generating component directly and quickly to the second heat sink, so as to increase the speed of heat dissipation and ensure that the heat generating component may function stably. On the other hand, the second heat sink is arranged near the air outlet on the outer shell of the case, such that the high-pressure airflow may dissipate the heat on the second heat sink quickly to the outside of the case, thereby further increasing the speed of heat dissipation and improving the cooling effect.
The cooling system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied to a vehicle-mounted computer server in an unmanned vehicle, a computer server in an unmanned plane, a computer server in an unmanned ship, a robot, or any other computer servers for which heat dissipation is desired. The present disclosure is not limited to any specific application scenario.
Referring to FIG. 1, which is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a cooling system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cooling system is provided within a case including a heat generating component. An air inlet and an air outlet are provided on two panels on opposite sides of an outer shell of the case, respectively. The cooling system includes a first set of fans 1, a first heat sink 2, a second heat sink 3 and a second set of fans 4.
The first set of fans 1 is mounted on an inward-facing side of the air inlet on the outer shell of the case.
The second set of fans 4 is mounted on an inward-facing side of the air outlet on the outer shell of the case, for generating, in cooperation with the first set of fans 1, a high-pressure airflow from the air inlet to the air outlet.
The first heat sink 2 is connected to the heat generating component in the case, for absorbing heat from the heat generating component and transferring the absorbed heat to the second heat sink 3.
The second heat sink 3 is mounted on an inward-facing side of the second set of fans 4 and cooled by the high-pressure airflow.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first set of fans 1 and the second set of fans 4 may each include a plurality of fans. The number of fans in each set may be configured flexibly depending on actual requirements. For example, the more components for which heat dissipation is desired, or the larger the space for which heat dissipation is desired, the more fans may to be mounted. FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram showing a structure of the first set of fans 1. FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram showing a structure of the second set of fans 4. In FIGS. 2A and 2B, the first set of fans 1 and the second set of fans 4 each include four fans.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the second heat sink 3 may be configured as cooling fins formed in one piece, or a plurality of sets of cooling fins. This may be configured flexibly by those skilled in the art depending on actual requirements and the present disclosure is not limited to any of these configurations.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first heat sink 2 may have any of the following structures.
Structure 1: The first heat sink 2 includes a plurality of sets of heat pipes 21, each set of heat pipes 21 corresponding to one heat generating component.
Structure 2: The first heat sink 2 includes a plurality of turbofan heat sinks 22 each corresponding to one heat generating component.
Structure 3: The first heat sink 2 includes at least one water cooling device 23 each corresponding to a plurality of heat generating components.
Structure 4: The first heat sink 2 includes at least one set of heat pipes 21 and at least one turbofan heat sink 22, each set of heat pipes 21 corresponding to one heat generating component and each turbofan heat sink 22 corresponding to one heat generating component.
Structure 5: The first heat sink 2 includes at least one set of heat pipes 21 and at least one water cooling device 23, each set of heat pipes 21 corresponding to one heat generating component and each water cooling device 23 corresponding to a plurality of heat generating components.
Structure 6: The first heat sink 2 includes at least one turbofan heat sink 22 and at least one water cooling device 23, each turbofan heat sink 22 corresponding to one heat generating component and each water cooling device 23 corresponding to a plurality of heat generating components.
Structure 7: The first heat sink 2 includes at least one set of heat pipes 21, at least one turbofan heat sink 22 and at least one water cooling device 23, each set of heat pipes 21 corresponding to one heat generating component, each turbofan heat sink 22 corresponding to one heat generating component and each water cooling device 23 corresponding to a plurality of heat generating components.
In the following, the above Structures 1, 2 and 3 will be described in detail with reference to the figures, such that the structures of the above heat pipe 21, turbofan heat sink 22 and water cooling device 23 can be better understood by those skilled in the art.

Embodiment 1

Referring to FIG. 3A, which is a schematic diagram showing an exemplary structure of a first heat sink 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first heat sink 2 includes a plurality of sets of heat pipes 21. Each set of heat pipes 21 corresponds to one heat generating component, and includes at least one heat pipe each having one end 21 a connected to the one heat generating component and another end 21 b connected to the second heat sink.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, for different heat generating components, different numbers of heat pipes may be included in their corresponding sets of heat pipes. For example, the higher the power of the heat generating component is, the larger number of heat pipes its corresponding set of heat pipes will include. For example, each GPU may correspond to a set of four copper heat pipes each having a diameter of 8 mm.
In order to further increase the contact area between the heat pipes and the heat generating component and thus the speed at which the heat pipes absorb the heat, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat generating component may have its surface coated with a layer of thermally conductive silicone grease. The one end 21 a of each heat pipe in each set of heat pipes may be connected to the heat generating component via a first mounting device.
In an example, the first mounting device may have a structure shown in FIG. 3B. As shown, the first mounting device includes a heat pipe base c1 and a heat pipe cover c2. The heat pipe base c1 is mounted fixedly on the thermally conductive silicone grease for the heat generating component, and has a plurality of grooves or slots provided on its top for mounting the heat pipes. The one end 21 a of each heat pipe in each set of heat pipes is pressed tightly onto the heat pipe base c1 by the heat pipe cover c2, as shown in FIG. 3C. The heat pipe base c1 and the heat pipe cover c2 may be fastened to each other by screws or bolts.
FIG. 3D is a schematic diagram showing a structure in which a plurality of sets of heat pipes are provided on respective heat generating components.
FIG. 3E is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a cooling system including a first set of fans 1, a first heat sink 2, a second heat sink 3 and a second set of fans 4.
Of course, in another example, the first mounting device may include a heat pipe base and a heat pipe cover. The heat pipe base is mounted fixedly on the thermally conductive silicone grease for the heat generating component, and the heat pipe cover has at least one groove or slot provided at its bottom for mounting the at least one heat pipe. The one end 21 a of each heat pipe in each set of heat pipes is pressed tightly onto the heat pipe base by the heat pipe cover. The heat pipe base and the heat pipe cover may be fastened to each other by screws or bolts.
Of course, in another example, the first mounting device may include a heat pipe base, which is mounted fixedly on the thermally conductive silicone grease for the heat generating component. The one end 21 a of each heat pipe in each set of heat pipes is welded to the heat pipe base.
In order to further increase the speed of heat dissipation, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the heat pipe cover c2 and the heat pipe base c1 of the above first mounting device may have its surface coated uniformly with a layer of thermally conductive silicone grease, and/or the one end 21 a of the heat pipe may have its surface coated uniformly with a layer of thermally conductive silicone grease.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat pipe may include a pipe shell, a wick within the pipe shell and a pipe cover for sealing the pipe shell. The pipe shell may be filled with a volatile liquid having a low boiling point.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the wick may be made of a porous material.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, air may be drawn out to form a negative pressure of 1.3*10⁻¹˜1.3*10⁻⁴Pa inside the pipe shell and then the pipe shell may be filled with the volatile liquid having the low boiling point. When the wick is filled with the liquid, the pipe shell is sealed with the pipe cover.
The principle of the heat pipe absorbing the heat from the heat generating component and transferring the absorbed heat to the second heat sink 3 may be as follows. When the one end 21 a of the heat pipe is heated, the liquid in the wick is vaporized into vapor and the heat generated by the heat generating component may be absorbed during the vaporization of the liquid. The vapor flows towards the other end 21 b of the heat pipe, subject to a small pressure, and is liquefied into a liquid when meeting the second heat sink 3 having a relatively low temperature at the other end 21 b (as the second heat sink 3 is continuously cooled by the high-pressure airflow, it has a lower temperature than the heat pipe). During the liquefaction of the vapor, heat is released to the second heat sink 3. The liquid flows back to the one end 21 a, subject to a capillary force of the wick. Cyclically in this way, the heat generated by the heat generating component may be transferred to the second heat sink 3.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the material of the heat pipe and the type of the liquid may be any of the following: 1) the pipe shell of the heat pipe may be made of copper and the liquid may be water; 2) the pipe shell of the heat pipe may be made of carbon steel and the liquid may be water; 3) the pipe shell of the heat pipe may be made of a composite of steel and copper and the liquid may be water; 4) the pipe shell of the heat pipe may be made of aluminum and the liquid may be acetone; or 5) the pipe shell of the heat pipe may be made of stainless steel and the liquid may be sodium.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the other end 21 b of each heat pipe in each set of heat pipes may be connected to the second heat sink 3 by means of welding.
Preferably, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat pipe may have a shape of a prism, e.g., a cylinder or cuboid, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

Embodiment 2

Referring to FIG. 4A, which shows another exemplary structure of a first heat sink 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first heat sink 2 includes a plurality of turbofan heat sinks 22 each corresponding to one heat generating component. Each of the plurality of turbofan heat sinks 22 includes a cooling fin 22 a connected to the heat generating component and a turbofan 22 b. The turbofan 22 b has an air outlet facing a same direction as the high-pressure airflow. The turbofan 22 b draws air to blow heat on the cooling fin 22 a to the second heat sink 3, as shown in FIG. 4B.
In order to further increase the contact area between the turbofan heat sink 22 and the heat generating component and thus the speed at which the heat is absorbed, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat generating component may have its surface coated with a layer of thermally conductive silicone grease. The cooling fin 22 a of the turbofan heat sink 22 may be mounted fixedly on the thermally conductive silicone grease for the heat generating component.

Embodiment 3

Referring to FIG. 5, which shows another exemplary structure of a first heat sink 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first heat sink 2 includes at least one water cooling device each including a water cooling pipe 23 a and a water tank 23 b arranged cyclically. The water cooling pipe 23 a has a water inlet and a water outlet each connected to the water tank 23 b. Water in the water cooling pipe 23 a, when flowing through one heat generating component, carries heat generated by the one heat generating component to the second heat sink 3 and then flows from the second heat sink 3 and through a next heat generating component.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat generating component may have its surface coated with a layer of thermally conductive silicone grease. The water cooling pipe 23 a may be mounted on the thermally conductive silicone grease for the heat generating component via a second mounting device. The water cooling pipe 23 a may be twisted spirally around the second heat sink 3, or may be arranged in the second heat sink 3 in a U-shaped structure (as shown in FIG. 5). The present disclosure is not limited to any of these arrangements. Here, the second mounting device may include a heat pipe base and a heat pipe cover. The heat pipe base may be mounted on the thermally conductive silicone grease for the heat generating component and have at least one groove or slot provided on its top for mounting the at least one water cooling pipe 23 a (the groove may be U-shaped, L-shaped or V-shaped and the present disclosure is not limited to any of these shapes). The water cooling pipe 23 a may be pressed tightly onto the heat pipe base by the heat pipe cover. The structure of the second mounting device may be identical to, or similar with, that of the first mounting device and details thereof will be omitted here.
In order to further increase the speed of heat dissipation, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the heat pipe cover and the heat pipe base of the above second mounting device may have its surface coated uniformly with a layer of thermally conductive silicone grease, and/or one end of the water cooling pipe 23 a that is connected to the heat generating component may have its surface coated uniformly with a layer of thermally conductive silicone grease.

Embodiment 4

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in a further example of a first heat sink 2, the first heat sink 2 includes at least one set of heat pipes 21 and at least one turbofan heat sink 22, each set of heat pipes 21 corresponding to one heat generating component and each turbofan heat sink 22 corresponding to one heat generating component. For the structures of the heat pipe 21 and the turbofan heat sink 22, reference can be made to the above embodiments and details thereof will be omitted here.
For example, some of the heat generating components in the case may each have a turbofan heat sink 22 provided thereon and some of the heat generating components in the case may each have heat pipes 21 provided thereon. For example, each CPU on a motherboard may correspond to a turbofan heat sink 22, each GPU on a graphics card may correspond to a set of heat pipes 21, and each power source may correspond to a set of heat pipes 21. As another example, each CPU on a motherboard may correspond to a set of heat pipes 21 and each GPU on a graphics card may correspond to a turbofan heat sink 22. As yet another example, some of CPUs on a motherboard may correspond to a set of heat pipes 21 while some of the CPUs may correspond to a turbofan heat sink 22, and some of GPUs on a graphics card can correspond to a set of heat pipes 21 while some of the GPUs may correspond to a turbofan heat sink 22. This can be selected flexibly by those skilled in the art depending on actual requirements and the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
In order to further improve the efficiency of heat dissipation, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, a layer of cooling fins may be provided on a surface of a motherboard, for absorbing heat generated by other components on the motherboard. Additionally or alternatively, a layer of cooling fins may be provided on a surface of a graphics card, for absorbing heat generated by other components on the graphics card. The layer of cooling fins provided on the surface of the motherboard and the layer of cooling fins provided on the surface of the graphics card may be cooled using a high-pressure airflow. As shown in FIG. 6, a layer of cooling fins is provided on a surface of a graphics card.
While the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above, further alternatives and modifications can be made to these embodiments by those skilled in the art in light of the basic inventive concept of the present disclosure. The claims as attached are intended to cover the above embodiments and all these alternatives and modifications that fall within the scope of the present disclosure.
Obviously, various modifications and variants can be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, these modifications and variants are to be encompassed by the present disclosure if they fall within the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A cooling system, comprising:

a first set of fans mounted on an inward-facing side of an air inlet on an outer shell of a case;

a second set of fans mounted on an inward-facing side of an air outlet on the outer shell of the case, for generating, in cooperation with the first set of fans, a high-pressure airflow from the air inlet to the air outlet;

a first heat sink connected to a heat generating component in the case, for absorbing heat from the heat generating component and transferring the absorbed heat to a second heat sink; and

the second heat sink mounted on an inward-facing side of the second set of fans and cooled by the high-pressure airflow.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the first heat sink comprises a plurality of sets of heat pipes, each set of heat pipes corresponding to one heat generating component and comprising at least one heat pipe each having one end connected to the one heat generating component and another end connected to the second heat sink.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the heat generating component has its surface coated with a layer of thermally conductive silicone grease, and

the one end of each heat pipe in each set of heat pipes is connected to the heat generating component via a first mounting device,

wherein the first mounting device comprises a heat pipe base and a heat pipe cover, the heat pipe base being mounted fixedly on the thermally conductive silicone grease for the heat generating component, and the heat pipe cover having at least one groove or slot provided on its bottom for mounting the at least one heat pipe, and wherein the one end of each heat pipe in each set of heat pipes is pressed tightly onto the heat pipe base by the heat pipe cover.

4. The system of claim 2, wherein the heat pipe comprises a pipe shell, a wick within the pipe shell and a pipe cover for sealing the pipe shell, the pipe shell being filled with a volatile liquid having a low boiling point.

5. The system of claim 2, wherein the other end of each heat pipe in each set of heat pipes is connected to the second heat sink by means of welding.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the first heat sink comprises a plurality of turbofan heat sinks each corresponding to one heat generating component, and

each of the plurality of turbofan heat sinks comprises a cooling fin connected to the heat generating component and a turbofan, the turbofan having an air outlet facing a same direction as the high-pressure airflow, and the turbofan drawing air to blow heat on the cooling fin to the second heat sink.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the heat generating component has its surface coated with a layer of thermally conductive silicone grease, and

the cooling fin of the turbofan heat sink is mounted fixedly on the thermally conductive silicone grease for the heat generating component.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the first heat sink comprises at least one water cooling device each corresponding to a plurality of heat generating components and comprising a water cooling pipe and a water tank arranged cyclically,

wherein the water cooling pipe has a water inlet and a water outlet each connected to the water tank, and

water in the water cooling pipe, when flowing through one heat generating component, carries heat generated by the one heat generating component to the second heat sink and then flows from the second heat sink and through a next heat generating component.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein the heat generating component has its surface coated with a layer of thermally conductive silicone grease, and

the water cooling pipe is mounted on the thermally conductive silicone grease for the heat generating component via a second mounting device,

wherein the second mounting device comprises a heat pipe base and a heat pipe cover, the heat pipe base being mounted on the thermally conductive silicone grease for the heat generating component and having at least one groove or slot provided on its top for mounting the at least one water cooling pipe, and wherein the water cooling pipe is pressed tightly onto the heat pipe base by the heat pipe cover.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the second heat sink comprises at least one set of cooling fins.