US20190085590A1 - Grade adjustable barrier and a preassembled barrier panel - Google Patents
Grade adjustable barrier and a preassembled barrier panel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20190085590A1 US20190085590A1 US15/710,492 US201715710492A US2019085590A1 US 20190085590 A1 US20190085590 A1 US 20190085590A1 US 201715710492 A US201715710492 A US 201715710492A US 2019085590 A1 US2019085590 A1 US 2019085590A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- grade
- fence panel
- pickets
- adjustable fence
- picket
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H17/00—Fencing, e.g. fences, enclosures, corrals
- E04H17/14—Fences constructed of rigid elements, e.g. with additional wire fillings or with posts
- E04H17/1413—Post-and-rail fences, e.g. without vertical cross-members
- E04H17/1417—Post-and-rail fences, e.g. without vertical cross-members with vertical cross-members
- E04H17/1426—Picket fences
- E04H17/143—Picket fences with separate pickets attached to the side of the horizontal members
-
- E04H17/1434—
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H17/00—Fencing, e.g. fences, enclosures, corrals
- E04H17/14—Fences constructed of rigid elements, e.g. with additional wire fillings or with posts
- E04H17/1413—Post-and-rail fences, e.g. without vertical cross-members
- E04H17/1447—Details of connections between rails and posts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H17/00—Fencing, e.g. fences, enclosures, corrals
- E04H17/14—Fences constructed of rigid elements, e.g. with additional wire fillings or with posts
- E04H17/1413—Post-and-rail fences, e.g. without vertical cross-members
- E04H17/1447—Details of connections between rails and posts
- E04H17/1448—Adjustable, angled or hinged connections
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H17/00—Fencing, e.g. fences, enclosures, corrals
- E04H17/14—Fences constructed of rigid elements, e.g. with additional wire fillings or with posts
- E04H17/1413—Post-and-rail fences, e.g. without vertical cross-members
- E04H17/1447—Details of connections between rails and posts
- E04H17/1452—Details of connections between rails and posts the ends of the rails are fixed on the lateral sides of the posts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H17/00—Fencing, e.g. fences, enclosures, corrals
- E04H17/14—Fences constructed of rigid elements, e.g. with additional wire fillings or with posts
- E04H17/16—Fences constructed of rigid elements, e.g. with additional wire fillings or with posts using prefabricated panel-like elements, e.g. wired frames
-
- E04H2017/1447—
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to a security barrier. More specifically, the present invention relates to pre-assembled panels for a security barrier. Most specifically, the invention relates to security barrier panels that are grade-adjustable as an assembly.
- the prior art relating to grade adaptable security barriers requires on-site assembly of independent components. Typical, installation of a security barrier requires setting the end posts, securing the cross rails to the end posts, and attaching pickets to the cross rails. This sequential assembly is done on-site to ensure the orientation of the barrier matches the surface grade while the pickets remain substantially vertical.
- the major drawback to on-site assembly of the individual components is that it is time consuming, weather dependent, and costly.
- the present invention provides preassembled barrier panels that are grade adjustable in the field.
- the cross rails and pickets of the barrier panels are fastened in an assembled with slip elements that permit the pickets and cross rails to move relative to each other in relationship to the grading without requiring loosening or removal of the fasteners.
- the barrier panels are preferably assembled with a post using a similar fastener and slip element arrangement.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an assembly of fence panels and post on a horizontal surface
- FIG. 2 illustrates the assembly of FIG. 1 in a racked condition to conform to a changing grade
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an assembly like FIG. 1 with curved pickets;
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the connection at the circled area of FIG. 2 ;
- FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the other side of the fastening connections in FIG. 4 ;
- FIG. 6 is a larger sectional view of the fastening connections in FIG. 4 ;
- FIG. 7 is a larger sectional view of the fastening connections in a racked condition
- FIG. 8 is a front view of a preferred assembly in a racked condition with spiked pickets
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a single picket in the assembly of FIG. 8 ;
- FIG. 10 is a front elevation of the picket in FIG. 9 ;
- FIG. 11 is a rear elevation of the picket in FIG. 9 ;
- FIG. 12 is a right side elevation of the picket in FIG. 9 ;
- FIG. 13 is a left side elevation of the picket in FIG. 9 ;
- FIG. 14 is a top plan view of the picket in FIG. 9 ;
- FIG. 15 is a bottom plan view of the picket in FIG. 9 ;
- FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of single a picket with a curved top suitable for the assembly in FIG. 8 ;
- FIG. 17 is a front elevation of the picket in FIG. 16 ;
- FIG. 18 is a rear elevation of the picket in FIG. 16 ;
- FIG. 19 is a right side elevation of the picket in FIG. 16 ;
- FIG. 20 is a left side elevation of the picket in FIG. 16 ;
- FIG. 21 is a bottom plan view of the picket in FIG. 16 ;
- FIG. 22 is a top plan view of the picket in FIG. 16 .
- FIG. 1 illustrates a section of a security barrier having a post 2 and preassembled fence panels 1 having a plurality of pickets 4 , at least two cross rails 6 , fasteners 8 that secure the pickets to the cross rails.
- the preassembled panels also include a plurality of slip element, see 18 in FIG. 4 .
- the pickets 4 may be straight, as depicted in FIGS. 1, 2 and 9-15 , or curved at the top, as depicted in FIGS. 3, 8, and 16-22 .
- the tops 10 of the pickets 4 preferably have some form of anti-climbing element, such as the spiked tops as shown.
- the pickets 4 may be fabricated from bent and pressed metal tubes, such as steel or aluminum, or other material having sufficient strength and rigidity to maintain a stable presence.
- the cross rails 6 are preferable channeled bars that have a “C” and are arranged parallel to each other and vertically spaced over the picket's vertical length.
- the gap between pickets 4 are sufficiently narrow, approximately four or less inches apart and preferably 3.75 inches apart, to deter or hinder intruders from using the cross rails as a means of traversing the security barrier.
- the pickets 4 preferably maintain a generally perpendicular relationship to the cross rails 6 .
- the pickets 4 and the cross rails 6 have complementary apertures that align and to receive fasteners joining the pickets and rails as an assembly.
- the pickets 4 and cross rails 6 are secured by fasteners 8 , such as bolt 14 and nut 16 as shown in FIG. 4 , through the aligned apertures in the pickets 4 and the cross rails 6 .
- the bolt head is of a tamper resistance style and the nut 16 is of a break-away style that fractures under a predetermined load and leaves a conically shaped, tamper resistant body.
- One suitable fastener arrangement bolts and nuts are Loss Prevention Fasteners from Ultra Fasteners that have nut and bolts that break-away under the application of adequate torque.
- Another suitable arrangement of nut and bolts are stainless steel carriage bolts and Trident® stainless steel nuts available from Tanner Bolt and Nut Corp. of Brooklyn, N.Y.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate a plurality of pickets 4 fastened to a cross rail 6 of what might be termed the exterior of the barrier and FIG. 7 depicts what might be termed the interior or opposite side to that of FIGS. 5 and 6 .
- the fastening arrangement for assembled barrier panel includes at least one slip element 18 that is located between the abutment of each picket 4 and each cross rail 6 .
- the slip element 18 is a washer like disc that is located between abutment of each picket 4 and each cross rail 6 and enables movement between them when the panel is in and application where it is racked to a grade and secured in place.
- multiple slip elements 18 are located between the bolt head and the picket 4 and between the nut 16 and the cross rail 6 .
- each fastening point has three slip elements 18 .
- One acceptable slip element is a nylon washer manufactured by Seastrom Manufacturing Co., Inc of Twin Falls, Id.
- the slip element 18 allows the grade-adjustment or racking such that the cross rails 6 substantially match the contour of surface 12 , see FIGS. 2 and 8 , and the pickets 4 and posts 2 remain generally vertical as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 8 .
- a major advantage of the slip elements 18 is that they allow the assembled panel to be grade-adjustable as an assembly without loosening the fasteners or disassembling the panel. In other words, the slip elements permit the pickets and cross rails within an assembled panel to move relative to each other without requiring loosening or removal of the fasteners.
- One advantage of the preferred panels is that panel assemble within an overall protective barrier does not require panel assembly to be carried out at the job site when weather or conditions at the job site may make the operation more difficult.
- the preferred post 2 for an assembled security barrier has projecting attachment plates 20 connected to the post 2 , preferably by welding, for securing the cross rails 6 to the post 2 .
- the connecting plates 20 are position on the posts 2 at desired heights which approximates the desired positions of the rails 6 relative to the post 2 when the post 2 is secured in place.
- the attachment 20 is sized and shaped to fit between the flanges 22 of the cross rail 6 , as shown in FIGS. 4 and 7 .
- the sizing of plate 20 and the space between flanges 22 of cross rail 6 are selected to accommodate the angular change in the cross rail 6 due to racking of the panel.
- the plate 20 may have relief notches 24 in its upper and lower portions to enable greater racking by permitting the respective flange 22 to extend beyond the respective surface 24 .
- the fastener connecting the plate 20 and cross rail 6 preferably have a slip arrangement as described before in the event additional adjustment is desired in the overall barrier, however it may be any fixed connection that is tamper resistant.
- FIGS. 1, 2, 4 and 7 depict a post 2 .
- the post 2 may be configured to connect to successive panels as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , or as an end post as shown in FIGS. 4 and 7 .
- the post 2 also may be configured to form a return by planning the plate 20 at various angles, such as 90 degrees to the prior panel to run the barrier perpendicular from that panel.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Fencing (AREA)
Abstract
Preassembled barrier or fence panels are assembled with fasteners and a plurality of slip elements that permit the pickets and cross rails to move relative to each other or rack for installation and grade adjusts in the field without requiring loosening or removal of the fasteners.
Description
- The present invention generally relates to a security barrier. More specifically, the present invention relates to pre-assembled panels for a security barrier. Most specifically, the invention relates to security barrier panels that are grade-adjustable as an assembly.
- The prior art relating to grade adaptable security barriers requires on-site assembly of independent components. Typical, installation of a security barrier requires setting the end posts, securing the cross rails to the end posts, and attaching pickets to the cross rails. This sequential assembly is done on-site to ensure the orientation of the barrier matches the surface grade while the pickets remain substantially vertical. The major drawback to on-site assembly of the individual components is that it is time consuming, weather dependent, and costly.
- In view of the above, the industry desires assembled fence panels that are grade-adjustable in the field.
- The present invention provides preassembled barrier panels that are grade adjustable in the field. The cross rails and pickets of the barrier panels are fastened in an assembled with slip elements that permit the pickets and cross rails to move relative to each other in relationship to the grading without requiring loosening or removal of the fasteners. The barrier panels are preferably assembled with a post using a similar fastener and slip element arrangement.
- Further features and advantages of the present invention will become clearer from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments thereof, made with reference to the attached drawings where: security
-
FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an assembly of fence panels and post on a horizontal surface; -
FIG. 2 illustrates the assembly ofFIG. 1 in a racked condition to conform to a changing grade; -
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an assembly likeFIG. 1 with curved pickets; -
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the connection at the circled area ofFIG. 2 ; -
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the other side of the fastening connections inFIG. 4 ; -
FIG. 6 is a larger sectional view of the fastening connections inFIG. 4 ; -
FIG. 7 is a larger sectional view of the fastening connections in a racked condition; -
FIG. 8 is a front view of a preferred assembly in a racked condition with spiked pickets; -
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a single picket in the assembly ofFIG. 8 ; -
FIG. 10 is a front elevation of the picket inFIG. 9 ; -
FIG. 11 is a rear elevation of the picket inFIG. 9 ; -
FIG. 12 is a right side elevation of the picket inFIG. 9 ; -
FIG. 13 is a left side elevation of the picket inFIG. 9 ; -
FIG. 14 is a top plan view of the picket inFIG. 9 ; -
FIG. 15 is a bottom plan view of the picket inFIG. 9 ; -
FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of single a picket with a curved top suitable for the assembly inFIG. 8 ; -
FIG. 17 is a front elevation of the picket inFIG. 16 ; -
FIG. 18 is a rear elevation of the picket inFIG. 16 ; -
FIG. 19 is a right side elevation of the picket inFIG. 16 ; -
FIG. 20 is a left side elevation of the picket inFIG. 16 ; -
FIG. 21 is a bottom plan view of the picket inFIG. 16 ; and -
FIG. 22 is a top plan view of the picket inFIG. 16 . -
FIG. 1 illustrates a section of a security barrier having apost 2 and preassembled fence panels 1 having a plurality ofpickets 4, at least twocross rails 6,fasteners 8 that secure the pickets to the cross rails. The preassembled panels also include a plurality of slip element, see 18 inFIG. 4 . - The
pickets 4 may be straight, as depicted inFIGS. 1, 2 and 9-15 , or curved at the top, as depicted inFIGS. 3, 8, and 16-22 . For security applications, thetops 10 of thepickets 4 preferably have some form of anti-climbing element, such as the spiked tops as shown. Thepickets 4 may be fabricated from bent and pressed metal tubes, such as steel or aluminum, or other material having sufficient strength and rigidity to maintain a stable presence. - The
cross rails 6, such as depicted inFIGS. 4 and 7 , are preferable channeled bars that have a “C” and are arranged parallel to each other and vertically spaced over the picket's vertical length. In a preferred assembly, the gap betweenpickets 4 are sufficiently narrow, approximately four or less inches apart and preferably 3.75 inches apart, to deter or hinder intruders from using the cross rails as a means of traversing the security barrier. Thepickets 4 preferably maintain a generally perpendicular relationship to thecross rails 6. Thepickets 4 and thecross rails 6 have complementary apertures that align and to receive fasteners joining the pickets and rails as an assembly. - The
pickets 4 andcross rails 6, as shown inFIGS. 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, and 7 , are secured byfasteners 8, such asbolt 14 andnut 16 as shown inFIG. 4 , through the aligned apertures in thepickets 4 and thecross rails 6. Preferably, the bolt head is of a tamper resistance style and thenut 16 is of a break-away style that fractures under a predetermined load and leaves a conically shaped, tamper resistant body. One suitable fastener arrangement bolts and nuts are Loss Prevention Fasteners from Ultra Fasteners that have nut and bolts that break-away under the application of adequate torque. Another suitable arrangement of nut and bolts are stainless steel carriage bolts and Trident® stainless steel nuts available from Tanner Bolt and Nut Corp. of Brooklyn, N.Y. -
FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate a plurality ofpickets 4 fastened to across rail 6 of what might be termed the exterior of the barrier andFIG. 7 depicts what might be termed the interior or opposite side to that ofFIGS. 5 and 6 . - Reference again to
FIG. 4 , the fastening arrangement for assembled barrier panel includes at least oneslip element 18 that is located between the abutment of eachpicket 4 and eachcross rail 6. Theslip element 18 is a washer like disc that is located between abutment of eachpicket 4 and eachcross rail 6 and enables movement between them when the panel is in and application where it is racked to a grade and secured in place. Preferably,multiple slip elements 18 are located between the bolt head and thepicket 4 and between thenut 16 and thecross rail 6. In this configuration, each fastening point has threeslip elements 18. One acceptable slip element is a nylon washer manufactured by Seastrom Manufacturing Co., Inc of Twin Falls, Id. - Advantageously, the
slip element 18 allows the grade-adjustment or racking such that thecross rails 6 substantially match the contour ofsurface 12, seeFIGS. 2 and 8 , and thepickets 4 andposts 2 remain generally vertical as illustrated inFIGS. 2 and 8 . A major advantage of theslip elements 18 is that they allow the assembled panel to be grade-adjustable as an assembly without loosening the fasteners or disassembling the panel. In other words, the slip elements permit the pickets and cross rails within an assembled panel to move relative to each other without requiring loosening or removal of the fasteners. One advantage of the preferred panels is that panel assemble within an overall protective barrier does not require panel assembly to be carried out at the job site when weather or conditions at the job site may make the operation more difficult. - Referring again to
FIGS. 4 and 7 , thepreferred post 2 for an assembled security barrier has projectingattachment plates 20 connected to thepost 2, preferably by welding, for securing thecross rails 6 to thepost 2. The connectingplates 20 are position on theposts 2 at desired heights which approximates the desired positions of therails 6 relative to thepost 2 when thepost 2 is secured in place. - The
attachment 20 is sized and shaped to fit between theflanges 22 of thecross rail 6, as shown inFIGS. 4 and 7 . The sizing ofplate 20 and the space betweenflanges 22 ofcross rail 6 are selected to accommodate the angular change in thecross rail 6 due to racking of the panel. Additionally, theplate 20 may haverelief notches 24 in its upper and lower portions to enable greater racking by permitting therespective flange 22 to extend beyond therespective surface 24. The fastener connecting theplate 20 and crossrail 6 preferably have a slip arrangement as described before in the event additional adjustment is desired in the overall barrier, however it may be any fixed connection that is tamper resistant. -
FIGS. 1, 2, 4 and 7 depict apost 2. Thepost 2 may be configured to connect to successive panels as shown inFIGS. 1 and 2 , or as an end post as shown inFIGS. 4 and 7 . Thepost 2 also may be configured to form a return by planning theplate 20 at various angles, such as 90 degrees to the prior panel to run the barrier perpendicular from that panel.
Claims (18)
1. A grade-adjustable fence panel comprising:
at least two cross rails, each cross rail having a plurality of predetermined apertures;
a plurality of pickets, each picket having an aperture that mates with at least one aperture among the plurality of apertures in a respective one of the at least two cross rails;
a plurality of fasteners that connect a respective picket to a respective cross rail; and
at least one slip element that is located between the respective picket and the respective cross rail and is retained in place by a fastener positioned within mating apertures in the respective picket and the respective cross rail.
2. The grade-adjustable fence panel of claim 1 , wherein the fastener comprises a bolt and a tightening member.
3. The grade-adjustable fence panel of claim 2 , wherein at least one of the bolt and the tightening member has a break-away portion.
4. The grade-adjustable fence panel of claim 1 , wherein the slip element is a nylon washer.
5. The grade-adjustable fence panel of claim 1 , wherein the fastener is tamper-proof.
6. The grade-adjustable fence panel of claim 1 , wherein the slip element is located between the fastener and the cross rail.
7. The grade-adjustable fence panel of claim 1 , wherein the slip element is located between the fastener and the picket.
8. The grade-adjustable fence panel of claim 1 , wherein the slip element is located between the picket and the cross rail.
9. The grade-adjustable fence panel of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the pickets is straight.
10. The grade-adjustable fence panel of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the pickets is curved.
11. The grade-adjustable fence panel of claim 1 , wherein the pickets are spaced from each other by a distance that is no greater than four inches.
12. The grade-adjustable fence panel of claim 1 , wherein the pickets are spaced from each other by a distance that is no greater than three and three-quarters inches.
13. A security barrier comprising:
at least two vertically disposed posts wherein each post is adapted to interconnect to each cross rail of at least one grade-adjustable fence panel; and
at least one grade-adjustable fence panel as defined in claim 1 .
14. The security barrier of claim 13 , wherein the vertically disposed posts are steel tubes.
15. The security barrier of claim 14 , wherein the cross rails are steel rails.
16. The security barrier of claim 15 , wherein the pickets are steel pickets.
17. A grade-adjustable fence panel comprising:
at least two cross rails;
a plurality of pickets;
a plurality of tamper resistant fasteners that connect the plurality of pickets to the cross rails in an assembled fence panel; and,
a plurality of slip elements,
wherein each of the plurality of tamper resistant fasteners secures at least one slip element between a respective picket and a respective cross rail and the assembled fence panel racks for grade adjustment.
18. The grade-adjustable fence panel of claim 17 , wherein the fastener has two components and at least one of the two components has a break-away portion.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15/710,492 US20190085590A1 (en) | 2017-09-20 | 2017-09-20 | Grade adjustable barrier and a preassembled barrier panel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15/710,492 US20190085590A1 (en) | 2017-09-20 | 2017-09-20 | Grade adjustable barrier and a preassembled barrier panel |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20190085590A1 true US20190085590A1 (en) | 2019-03-21 |
Family
ID=65719950
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US15/710,492 Abandoned US20190085590A1 (en) | 2017-09-20 | 2017-09-20 | Grade adjustable barrier and a preassembled barrier panel |
Country Status (1)
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US (1) | US20190085590A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USD948330S1 (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2022-04-12 | Origin Point Brands, Llc | Faceted conoidal connector |
USD951082S1 (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2022-05-10 | Origin Point Bran Ds, Llc | Smooth incurvate connector |
US11542721B2 (en) | 2020-06-08 | 2023-01-03 | Origin Point Brands, Llc | Prefabricated modular fencing with advantageously-shaped connectors |
US11808052B1 (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2023-11-07 | WireCrafters, LLC | Panel structure with slotted mounting system |
-
2017
- 2017-09-20 US US15/710,492 patent/US20190085590A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11808052B1 (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2023-11-07 | WireCrafters, LLC | Panel structure with slotted mounting system |
US11542721B2 (en) | 2020-06-08 | 2023-01-03 | Origin Point Brands, Llc | Prefabricated modular fencing with advantageously-shaped connectors |
USD948330S1 (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2022-04-12 | Origin Point Brands, Llc | Faceted conoidal connector |
USD951082S1 (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2022-05-10 | Origin Point Bran Ds, Llc | Smooth incurvate connector |
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Owner name: M.L. RUBERTON CONSTRUCTION COMPANY INC., NEW JERSE Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:HARRY, PETER R.;BERENATO, RICHARD M.;REEL/FRAME:043648/0630 Effective date: 20170911 |
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