US20190013630A1 - Cable - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- US20190013630A1 US20190013630A1 US16/067,219 US201616067219A US2019013630A1 US 20190013630 A1 US20190013630 A1 US 20190013630A1 US 201616067219 A US201616067219 A US 201616067219A US 2019013630 A1 US2019013630 A1 US 2019013630A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cable
- connector
- common
- mode choke
- choke coil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B9/00—Power cables
- H01B9/003—Power cables including electrical control or communication wires
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/648—Protective earth or shield arrangements on coupling devices, e.g. anti-static shielding
- H01R13/658—High frequency shielding arrangements, e.g. against EMI [Electro-Magnetic Interference] or EMP [Electro-Magnetic Pulse]
- H01R13/6581—Shield structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/648—Protective earth or shield arrangements on coupling devices, e.g. anti-static shielding
- H01R13/658—High frequency shielding arrangements, e.g. against EMI [Electro-Magnetic Interference] or EMP [Electro-Magnetic Pulse]
- H01R13/6598—Shield material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
- H01R13/719—Structural association with built-in electrical component specially adapted for high frequency, e.g. with filters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R24/00—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure
- H01R24/60—Contacts spaced along planar side wall transverse to longitudinal axis of engagement
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H7/00—Multiple-port networks comprising only passive electrical elements as network components
- H03H7/01—Frequency selective two-port networks
- H03H7/0115—Frequency selective two-port networks comprising only inductors and capacitors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
- H05K9/0073—Shielding materials
- H05K9/0098—Shielding materials for shielding electrical cables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
- H01B11/02—Cables with twisted pairs or quads
- H01B11/06—Cables with twisted pairs or quads with means for reducing effects of electromagnetic or electrostatic disturbances, e.g. screens
- H01B11/10—Screens specially adapted for reducing interference from external sources
- H01B11/1058—Screens specially adapted for reducing interference from external sources using a coating, e.g. a loaded polymer, ink or print
- H01B11/1083—Screens specially adapted for reducing interference from external sources using a coating, e.g. a loaded polymer, ink or print the coating containing magnetic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
- H01R13/6608—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in single component
- H01R13/6625—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in single component with capacitive component
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
- H01R13/6608—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in single component
- H01R13/6633—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in single component with inductive component, e.g. transformer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R2107/00—Four or more poles
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a cable, such as USB (Universal Serial Bus), that conforms to the standard for differential serial transmission.
- a cable such as USB (Universal Serial Bus)
- USB Universal Serial Bus
- the cable (USB cable) conforming to the USB standard includes a pair of cables for differential transmission, a power cable, and a ground cable (called GND cable hereinafter).
- the USB cable has countermeasures against noise detrimental to the differential transmission cables. An example of this is found in PTL 1 which discloses a method of suppressing radiation noise by arranging one transmission transformer near one terminal of the paired differential transmission line.
- the USB cable is occasionally used not only for data transmission but also for power supply from a power supply unit (such as battery charger and personal computer (called “PC” hereinafter), etc.) to various devices (such as smart phone and tablet) by connecting the power supply unit and the devices.
- a power supply unit such as battery charger and personal computer (called “PC” hereinafter), etc.
- PC personal computer
- the absence of an effective anti-noise measure in the power supply unit sometimes makes the power-receiving device suffer noise originating from the power supply unit.
- the present disclosure discloses a cable including a cable part having at least one set of signal cables for differential transmission, a ground cable, and a power cable; and a first connector and a second connector arranged at both ends of the cable part, in which at least one of the first connector and the second connector has a common-mode choke coil connected to the ground cable and the power cable.
- the cable disclosed therein has a ground cable and a power cable each connected to a common-mode choke coil, so that it is capable of noise suppression.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a USB cable pertaining to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a cable part taken along a line II-II in FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3A is a sectional view of a USB connector taken along a line IIIA-IIIA in FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3B is a sectional view of the USB connector taken along a line IIIB-IIIB in FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 4A is a sectional view of the USB connector taken along a line IVA-IVA in FIG. 3A .
- FIG. 4B is a sectional view of a connector taken along a line IVB-IVB in FIG. 3A .
- FIG. 5 is a connection diagram of the USB cable pertaining to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 6 is a graph depicting impedance-frequency characteristics of a common-mode choke coil for signals.
- FIG. 7 is a graph depicting impedance-frequency characteristics of a common-mode choke coil for power supply.
- FIG. 8 is a graph depicting frequency characteristics for the loss that occurs as a result of inserting a capacitor for noise removal.
- FIG. 9 is a graph depicting frequency characteristics for a loss factor of a molded part.
- FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a USB connector pertaining to a modified embodiment of the present disclosure.
- a USB cable pertaining to one embodiment of the present disclosure is constructed as depicted in FIG. 1 .
- the USB cable includes a cable part 11 , a standard USB connector (Type-A) 21 connected to one end of the cable part 11 , and a micro (abbreviated as “p” hereinafter) USB connector (Type-A) 31 connected to the other end of the cable part 11 .
- the standard USB connector (simply called “USB connector” hereinafter) 21 is connected to a host side (such as PC, battery charger (so-called AC adapter), etc.) and the pUSB connector 31 is connected to a device side (such as smartphone and tablet).
- the cable part 11 includes four cables (electric cable) having one pair of signal cables 12 a and 12 b for differential-mode transmission (differential mode), a power cable 13 a , and a GND cable 13 b .
- Each of these cables 12 a , 12 b , 13 a , and 13 b includes a conductor 14 as a core and an insulating coating 15 surrounding it.
- the conductor 14 may be either a solid wire of copper or a stranded wire of copper.
- the stranded wire may be one which is formed by twisting the core of copper wires and the covering thread of aramide fiber, with a layer of insulating resin covering them. This structure is applicable to any of the signal cables 12 a and 12 b , the power cable 13 a , and the GND cable 13 b .
- the signal cables 12 a and 12 b may be in the form of twisted pair, for example.
- the signal cables 12 a and 12 b are covered with a metal sheet 16 , which may be a copper or aluminum foil placed thereon or a copper or aluminum ribbon wound around them, with both structures combined together optionally.
- the metal sheet 16 which is not earthed, has the advantage of being free from the problem of bigtail that results from using a braided wire.
- a covering layer 17 covers the signal cables 12 a and 12 b which are covered with the metal sheet 16 , the power cable 13 a , and the GND cable 13 b .
- the covering layer 17 has its inside filled with a resin containing magnetic powder 18 .
- the resin containing magnetic powder 18 exists in the space between the inner surface of the covering layer 17 and the bunch of the signal cables 12 a and 12 b , the power cable 13 a , and the GND cable 13 b .
- the signal cables 12 a and 12 b which are covered with the metal sheet 16 , is able to transmit signals without being affected by the resin containing magnetic powder 18 .
- the insulating coating 15 covering the conductors 14 and the covering layer 17 a variety of materials are used.
- materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC (polyvinyl chloride), and elastomer may be used.
- the resin containing magnetic powder 18 is a mixture of a synthetic resin and a magnetic powder.
- the synthetic resin includes, for example, styrene elastomer.
- a synthetic resin such as olefin elastomer and PVC other than styrene elastomer may be used.
- the magnetic powder includes, for example, Ni—Zn ferrite.
- Ni—Cu—Zn ferrite, Mn—Zn ferrite, and soft magnetic metal may be used, and other magnetic powder based on such metals as copper, magnesium, lithium, zinc, iron (e.g., permalloy), and cobalt may also be used.
- the resin containing magnetic powder 18 preferably contains ferrite in an amount equal to or more than 70 wt % and equal to or less than 95 wt %, typically 89 wt %. Ferrite in an amount equal to or more than 70 wt % is particularly effective in absorption of high-frequency noise. On the other hand, ferrite in an amount equal to or less than 95 wt % is effective in reducing adverse effects on moldability, flexibility, and mechanical properties such as tensile strength.
- the USB connector 21 includes a printed circuit board 22 , a plug 23 supported on the printed circuit board 22 , and a molded part 24 that covers the printed circuit board 22 supporting the plug 23 .
- the molded part 24 has the plug 23 protruding from one end thereof and also has the cable part 11 derived from the other end thereof.
- the printed circuit board 22 has on one side thereof terminals 25 a and 25 d , a common-mode choke coil (called common-mode filter occasionally) 26 for power source, and the capacitor (condenser) for noise removal (not depicted).
- the terminals 25 a and 25 d have the power cable 13 a and the GND cable 13 b connected thereto respectively.
- the printed circuit board 22 has on the other side thereof terminals 25 b and 25 c and a common-mode choke coil 27 .
- the terminals 25 b and 25 c are connected to the signal cables 12 a and 12 b respectively.
- the printed circuit board 22 has terminals 28 a , 28 b , 28 c , and 28 d , and the terminals 28 a , 28 b , 28 c , and 28 d extend from the substantially center to one end thereof.
- the plug 23 is supported on the printed circuit board 22 such that it covers that part of the printed circuit board 22 on which the terminals 28 a , 28 b , 28 b , and 28 c are formed.
- the molded part 24 includes an insulating resin layer 24 a and an electromagnetic wave shielding layer 24 b , with the former functioning as an inner molded part that encloses the surrounding of the printed circuit board 22 and the latter functioning as an outer molded part that covers the surrounding of the insulating resin layer 24 a .
- the insulating resin layer 24 a includes an insulating polymeric resin such as polypropylene
- the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 24 b includes carbon or ferrite and a polymeric resin capable of shielding, such as absorbing or reflecting, electromagnetic waves.
- the cable part 11 has on one end thereof the signal cables 12 a and 12 b , the power cable 13 a , and the GND cable 13 b , with their parts exposed without being covered by the covering layer 17 and the resin containing magnetic powder 18 (these parts will be called “uncovered parts” hereinafter).
- the uncovered parts of the cables 12 a , 12 b , 13 a , and 13 b are embedded in the insulating resin layer 24 a.
- the signal cables 12 a and 12 b have the uncovered parts at one end thereof formed such that they are shorter than the uncovered parts at one end of the power cable 13 a and the GND cable 13 b so that they do not come into contact with the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 24 b . This prevents signals from attenuating due to contact of the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 24 b with the uncovered parts of the signal cables 12 a and 12 b . In order to avoid contact between the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 24 b and the uncovered parts of the signal cables 12 a and 12 b , it is desirable that the uncovered parts of the signal cables 12 a and 12 b extend almost straight toward their respective terminals 25 b and 25 c.
- the signal cables 12 a and 12 b may be constructed such that the uncovered parts thereof are covered with an insulating covering material 12 c . This avoids contact between the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 24 b and the uncovered parts of the signal cables 12 a and 12 b .
- the insulating covering material 12 c includes, for example, an insulating tube, an insulating tape, an insulating film, a heat-shrinkable tube, a heat-shrinkable tape, and a heat-shrinkable film.
- the pUSB connector 31 is constructed in the similar way to the USB connector 21 mentioned above, such that the printed circuit board is covered with the molded part.
- the USB connector 21 is connected to the receptacle of a host 20
- the iUSB connector 31 is connected to the receptacle of a portable terminal 30
- the terminals 28 a , 28 b , 28 c , and 28 d of the USB connector 21 are a source terminal (pin 1 : Vbus terminal), a data terminal (pin 2 : D-terminal), a data terminal (pin 3 : D+terminal), and a ground terminal (pin 4 : GND terminal), respectively.
- Terminals 36 a , 36 b , 36 c , 36 d , and 36 e of the ⁇ USB connector 31 are a source terminal (pin 1 : Vbus terminal), a data terminal (pin 2 : D-terminal), a data terminal (pin 3 : D+terminal), an identifying terminal (pin 4 : ID terminal), and a ground terminal (pin 5 : GND terminal), respectively.
- the USB connector 21 has its terminals 28 b and 28 c connected to respective two terminals on one side of the common-mode choke coil 27 .
- Two terminals on the other side of the common-mode choke coil 27 are connected to two terminals on one side of a common-mode choke coil 32 arranged in the pUSB connector 31 through the signal cables 12 a and 12 b .
- Two terminals on the other side of the common-mode choke coil 32 are connected to the terminals 36 b and 36 c.
- the USB connector 21 has its terminals 28 a and 28 d connected to two terminals on one side of the common-mode choke coil 26 .
- a capacitor (condenser) 29 for noise removal is inserted between two terminals on the other side of the common-mode choke coil 26 .
- the two terminals on the other side of the common-mode choke coil 26 are connected to the terminals 36 a and 36 e of the pUSB connector 31 through the power cable 13 a and the GND cable 13 b .
- the pUSB connector 31 includes ferrite beads 33 and 34 .
- the ferrite beads 33 and 34 are arranged respectively in the power cable 13 a and the GND cable 13 b in the pUSB connector 31 .
- a resistor 35 for identification is connected to the terminals 36 d and 36 e.
- the signal cables 12 a and 12 b have two common-mode choke coils 27 and 32 inserted therein; however, one of them may be omitted.
- the pUSB connector 31 may be modified in constitution such that the power cable 13 a and the GND cable 13 b are connected to the common-mode choke coils in place of the ferrite beads 33 and 34 .
- both cables connected to the host side and the device side allow power supply. In this case it is desirable to provide both connector sides with the common-mode choke coils connected to the power cable 13 a and the GND cable 13 b.
- Each of the common-mode choke coils 26 , 27 , and 32 includes one common core and two coils wound thereon in the opposite directions.
- the common-mode choke coils 27 and 32 are inserted into each of the signal cables 12 a and 12 b as two data lines.
- the common-mode choke coil 26 is inserted into each of cables including the power cable 13 a and the GND cable 13 b as two power supply lines.
- the common-mode choke coils 26 , 27 , and 32 permit the passage of signal currents in differential mode and remove noise current in a common mode. That is, in the case of the differential mode, the two coils cause the currents to flow in the opposite directions, so that they do not function as an inductor. By contrast, in the case of the common mode, the two coils cause the currents to flow in the same direction, so that they function as the inductor. Being in the common mode, noise can be removed. In fact, however, the inductance component does not become null because part of a magnetic flux occurring in each coil becomes a leakage flux. Consequently, there is an instance in which this inductance component is non-negligible in a region where a signal frequency is extremely high. Moreover, it is possible to remove noise by means of the capacitor 29 for noise removal. It is also possible to remove high-frequency noise by means of the ferrite beads 33 and 34 .
- the foregoing enhanced performance on noise reduction in power transmission prevents the portable terminal 30 from decreasing in a reception level due to noise occurring in the battery charger and PC to which the USB connector 21 is connected.
- Impedance-frequency characteristics of the common-mode choke coil 27 (or 32 ) for signals is depicted in FIG. 6 .
- a solid line 41 denotes impedance-frequency characteristics in the common mode.
- a broken line 42 denotes impedance-frequency characteristics in the differential mode. It is to be noted, for example, that the impedance in the differential mode is low in the neighborhood of 100 MHz. This suggests that the effect on signal transmission is insignificant.
- Impedance-frequency characteristics of the common-mode choke coil 26 for power supply are depicted in FIG. 7 .
- a solid line 43 denotes impedance-frequency characteristics in the common mode.
- a broken line 44 denotes impedance-frequency characteristics in the differential mode. It is to be noted, for example, that the impedance in both the common mode and the differential mode is comparatively high in the neighborhood of 100 MHz. This suggests that it is possible to suppress the high-frequency components (or noise) in both of the modes.
- Insertion loss-frequency characteristics of the capacitor 29 for noise removal are depicted in FIG. 8 . This indicates that the capacitor 29 having a capacitance of 1.5 ⁇ F effectively suppresses noise.
- FIG. 9 depicts frequency characteristics for a loss factor ⁇ ′′ of the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 24 b containing ferrite and polymeric resin.
- the polymeric resin is polypropylene and the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 24 b contains ferrite in an amount of 80 wt %. It is noted from FIG. 9 that the loss factor ⁇ ′′ is as low as approximately 4 in the low-frequency range.
- the USB connector 21 is produced in the following manner.
- the printed circuit board 22 is provided thereon with the common-mode choke coils 26 and 27 as chip parts (noise filter) for anti-noise measure.
- the power cable 13 a and the GND cable 13 b are connected to the terminals 25 a and 25 d of the printed circuit board 22 respectively by soldering.
- the signal cables 12 a and 12 b are connected to the terminals 25 b and 25 c of the printed circuit board 22 respectively by soldering.
- the insulating resin layer 24 a as the inner molded part is formed by molding so that it fills the space around the printed circuit board 22 .
- the insulating resin layer 24 a is subsequently surrounded with the magnetic wave shielding layer 24 b as the outer molded part which is formed by molding. In this way, there is obtained the USB connector 21 .
- the ⁇ USB connector 31 is also produced by molding in the similar way to the USB connector 21 mentioned above.
- the above-mentioned method for producing the USB cable saves time for production of the USB cable because the USB connector 21 is prepared simply by covering the printed circuit board 22 with resin by molding. Also, covering the printed circuit board 22 with resin without any gap results in an improved shielding performance.
- USB Type-C is applicable not only to the USB cable but also to HDMI (registered trademark) cable and IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 1394 cable.
- the cable part may be the ordinary USB cable.
- the molded part 24 further has the insulating resin layer 24 c surrounding the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 24 b as depicted in FIG. 10 .
- the insulating resin layer 24 c includes an insulating polymeric resin such as polypropylene. The insulating resin layer 24 c added to the molded part 24 realizes the improved shielding performance.
- the molded part has the insulating resin layer only.
- the insulating resin layer may have a configuration to fill the space surrounding the printed circuit board or the insulating resin layer may have a cavity around the printed circuit board.
- both the common-mode choke coil for power supply and the common-mode choke coil for signals are mounted on the same plane of the printed circuit board.
- a cable including:
- a cable part including at least one set of signal cables for differential transmission, a ground cable, and a power cable;
- the first connector and the second connector has a common-mode choke coil connected to the ground cable and the power cable.
- a connector having the common-mode choke coil further has a condenser for noise removal which is placed between the ground cable and the power cable.
- a connector having the common-mode choke coil further has a substrate having the common-mode choke coil mounted thereon and an insulating resin layer covering the substrate.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
- Communication Cables (AREA)
- Non-Insulated Conductors (AREA)
Abstract
A cable includes a cable part including at least one set of signal cables for differential transmission, a ground cable, and a power cable, and a first connector and a second connector arranged at both ends of the cable part. At least one of the first connector and the second connector has a common-mode choke coil connected to the ground cable and the power cable.
Description
- The present disclosure relates to a cable, such as USB (Universal Serial Bus), that conforms to the standard for differential serial transmission.
- The cable (USB cable) conforming to the USB standard includes a pair of cables for differential transmission, a power cable, and a ground cable (called GND cable hereinafter). The USB cable has countermeasures against noise detrimental to the differential transmission cables. An example of this is found in
PTL 1 which discloses a method of suppressing radiation noise by arranging one transmission transformer near one terminal of the paired differential transmission line. - [PTL 1]
- Japanese Patent No. 3306044
- The USB cable is occasionally used not only for data transmission but also for power supply from a power supply unit (such as battery charger and personal computer (called “PC” hereinafter), etc.) to various devices (such as smart phone and tablet) by connecting the power supply unit and the devices. Under such a situation, the absence of an effective anti-noise measure in the power supply unit sometimes makes the power-receiving device suffer noise originating from the power supply unit.
- It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a cable capable of noise suppression.
- The present disclosure discloses a cable including a cable part having at least one set of signal cables for differential transmission, a ground cable, and a power cable; and a first connector and a second connector arranged at both ends of the cable part, in which at least one of the first connector and the second connector has a common-mode choke coil connected to the ground cable and the power cable.
- As mentioned above, according to the present disclosure, the cable disclosed therein has a ground cable and a power cable each connected to a common-mode choke coil, so that it is capable of noise suppression.
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a USB cable pertaining to one embodiment of the present disclosure. -
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a cable part taken along a line II-II inFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 3A is a sectional view of a USB connector taken along a line IIIA-IIIA inFIG. 1 .FIG. 3B is a sectional view of the USB connector taken along a line IIIB-IIIB inFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 4A is a sectional view of the USB connector taken along a line IVA-IVA inFIG. 3A .FIG. 4B is a sectional view of a connector taken along a line IVB-IVB inFIG. 3A . -
FIG. 5 is a connection diagram of the USB cable pertaining to one embodiment of the present disclosure. -
FIG. 6 is a graph depicting impedance-frequency characteristics of a common-mode choke coil for signals. -
FIG. 7 is a graph depicting impedance-frequency characteristics of a common-mode choke coil for power supply. -
FIG. 8 is a graph depicting frequency characteristics for the loss that occurs as a result of inserting a capacitor for noise removal. -
FIG. 9 is a graph depicting frequency characteristics for a loss factor of a molded part. -
FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a USB connector pertaining to a modified embodiment of the present disclosure. - The following describes an embodiment of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description proceeds in the following order.
- 1. Constitution of USB cable
2. Method for producing USB cable
3. Modified embodiment - A USB cable pertaining to one embodiment of the present disclosure is constructed as depicted in
FIG. 1 . The USB cable includes acable part 11, a standard USB connector (Type-A) 21 connected to one end of thecable part 11, and a micro (abbreviated as “p” hereinafter) USB connector (Type-A) 31 connected to the other end of thecable part 11. The standard USB connector (simply called “USB connector” hereinafter) 21 is connected to a host side (such as PC, battery charger (so-called AC adapter), etc.) and thepUSB connector 31 is connected to a device side (such as smartphone and tablet). - (Cable Part)
- The
cable part 11, depicted inFIG. 2 , includes four cables (electric cable) having one pair ofsignal cables power cable 13 a, and aGND cable 13 b. Each of thesecables conductor 14 as a core and aninsulating coating 15 surrounding it. - The
conductor 14 may be either a solid wire of copper or a stranded wire of copper. In a case where the stranded wire is used, to ensure the tensile strength and the flexibility of the wire, the stranded wire may be one which is formed by twisting the core of copper wires and the covering thread of aramide fiber, with a layer of insulating resin covering them. This structure is applicable to any of thesignal cables power cable 13 a, and theGND cable 13 b. Thesignal cables - The
signal cables metal sheet 16, which may be a copper or aluminum foil placed thereon or a copper or aluminum ribbon wound around them, with both structures combined together optionally. Themetal sheet 16, which is not earthed, has the advantage of being free from the problem of bigtail that results from using a braided wire. - A covering
layer 17 covers thesignal cables metal sheet 16, thepower cable 13 a, and theGND cable 13 b. Thecovering layer 17 has its inside filled with a resin containingmagnetic powder 18. The resin containingmagnetic powder 18 exists in the space between the inner surface of thecovering layer 17 and the bunch of thesignal cables power cable 13 a, and theGND cable 13 b. Thesignal cables metal sheet 16, is able to transmit signals without being affected by the resin containingmagnetic powder 18. - As the
insulating coating 15 covering theconductors 14 and the coveringlayer 17, a variety of materials are used. For example, materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC (polyvinyl chloride), and elastomer may be used. - The resin containing
magnetic powder 18 is a mixture of a synthetic resin and a magnetic powder. The synthetic resin includes, for example, styrene elastomer. A synthetic resin such as olefin elastomer and PVC other than styrene elastomer may be used. The magnetic powder includes, for example, Ni—Zn ferrite. As the magnetic powder, Ni—Cu—Zn ferrite, Mn—Zn ferrite, and soft magnetic metal may be used, and other magnetic powder based on such metals as copper, magnesium, lithium, zinc, iron (e.g., permalloy), and cobalt may also be used. - The resin containing
magnetic powder 18 preferably contains ferrite in an amount equal to or more than 70 wt % and equal to or less than 95 wt %, typically 89 wt %. Ferrite in an amount equal to or more than 70 wt % is particularly effective in absorption of high-frequency noise. On the other hand, ferrite in an amount equal to or less than 95 wt % is effective in reducing adverse effects on moldability, flexibility, and mechanical properties such as tensile strength. - (Connector)
- An example of the constitution of the
USB connector 21 will be described below with reference toFIGS. 3A 3B, 4A, and 4B. TheUSB connector 21 includes a printedcircuit board 22, aplug 23 supported on the printedcircuit board 22, and a moldedpart 24 that covers the printedcircuit board 22 supporting theplug 23. The moldedpart 24 has theplug 23 protruding from one end thereof and also has thecable part 11 derived from the other end thereof. - The printed
circuit board 22 has on oneside thereof terminals terminals power cable 13 a and theGND cable 13 b connected thereto respectively. The printedcircuit board 22 has on the other side thereofterminals mode choke coil 27. Theterminals signal cables - The printed
circuit board 22 hasterminals terminals plug 23 is supported on the printedcircuit board 22 such that it covers that part of the printedcircuit board 22 on which theterminals - The molded
part 24 includes an insulatingresin layer 24 a and an electromagneticwave shielding layer 24 b, with the former functioning as an inner molded part that encloses the surrounding of the printedcircuit board 22 and the latter functioning as an outer molded part that covers the surrounding of the insulatingresin layer 24 a. The insulatingresin layer 24 a includes an insulating polymeric resin such as polypropylene, and the electromagneticwave shielding layer 24 b includes carbon or ferrite and a polymeric resin capable of shielding, such as absorbing or reflecting, electromagnetic waves. - The
cable part 11 has on one end thereof thesignal cables power cable 13 a, and theGND cable 13 b, with their parts exposed without being covered by the coveringlayer 17 and the resin containing magnetic powder 18 (these parts will be called “uncovered parts” hereinafter). The uncovered parts of thecables resin layer 24 a. - The
signal cables power cable 13 a and theGND cable 13 b so that they do not come into contact with the electromagneticwave shielding layer 24 b. This prevents signals from attenuating due to contact of the electromagneticwave shielding layer 24 b with the uncovered parts of thesignal cables wave shielding layer 24 b and the uncovered parts of thesignal cables signal cables respective terminals - The
signal cables covering material 12 c. This avoids contact between the electromagneticwave shielding layer 24 b and the uncovered parts of thesignal cables covering material 12 c includes, for example, an insulating tube, an insulating tape, an insulating film, a heat-shrinkable tube, a heat-shrinkable tape, and a heat-shrinkable film. - The
pUSB connector 31 is constructed in the similar way to theUSB connector 21 mentioned above, such that the printed circuit board is covered with the molded part. - As depicted in
FIG. 5 , for example, theUSB connector 21 is connected to the receptacle of ahost 20, and theiUSB connector 31 is connected to the receptacle of aportable terminal 30. Theterminals USB connector 21 are a source terminal (pin 1: Vbus terminal), a data terminal (pin 2: D-terminal), a data terminal (pin 3: D+terminal), and a ground terminal (pin 4: GND terminal), respectively.Terminals μUSB connector 31 are a source terminal (pin 1: Vbus terminal), a data terminal (pin 2: D-terminal), a data terminal (pin3: D+terminal), an identifying terminal (pin4: ID terminal), and a ground terminal (pin 5: GND terminal), respectively. - The
USB connector 21 has itsterminals mode choke coil 27. Two terminals on the other side of the common-mode choke coil 27 are connected to two terminals on one side of a common-mode choke coil 32 arranged in thepUSB connector 31 through thesignal cables mode choke coil 32 are connected to theterminals - The
USB connector 21 has itsterminals mode choke coil 26. A capacitor (condenser) 29 for noise removal is inserted between two terminals on the other side of the common-mode choke coil 26. The two terminals on the other side of the common-mode choke coil 26 are connected to theterminals pUSB connector 31 through thepower cable 13 a and theGND cable 13 b. ThepUSB connector 31 includesferrite beads ferrite beads power cable 13 a and theGND cable 13 b in thepUSB connector 31. Aresistor 35 for identification is connected to theterminals - The
signal cables pUSB connector 31 may be modified in constitution such that thepower cable 13 a and theGND cable 13 b are connected to the common-mode choke coils in place of theferrite beads power cable 13 a and theGND cable 13 b. - Each of the common-mode choke coils 26, 27, and 32 includes one common core and two coils wound thereon in the opposite directions. The common-mode choke coils 27 and 32 are inserted into each of the
signal cables mode choke coil 26 is inserted into each of cables including thepower cable 13 a and theGND cable 13 b as two power supply lines. - The common-mode choke coils 26, 27, and 32 permit the passage of signal currents in differential mode and remove noise current in a common mode. That is, in the case of the differential mode, the two coils cause the currents to flow in the opposite directions, so that they do not function as an inductor. By contrast, in the case of the common mode, the two coils cause the currents to flow in the same direction, so that they function as the inductor. Being in the common mode, noise can be removed. In fact, however, the inductance component does not become null because part of a magnetic flux occurring in each coil becomes a leakage flux. Consequently, there is an instance in which this inductance component is non-negligible in a region where a signal frequency is extremely high. Moreover, it is possible to remove noise by means of the
capacitor 29 for noise removal. It is also possible to remove high-frequency noise by means of theferrite beads - The foregoing enhanced performance on noise reduction in power transmission prevents the portable terminal 30 from decreasing in a reception level due to noise occurring in the battery charger and PC to which the
USB connector 21 is connected. - Impedance-frequency characteristics of the common-mode choke coil 27 (or 32) for signals is depicted in
FIG. 6 . Asolid line 41 denotes impedance-frequency characteristics in the common mode. Abroken line 42 denotes impedance-frequency characteristics in the differential mode. It is to be noted, for example, that the impedance in the differential mode is low in the neighborhood of 100 MHz. This suggests that the effect on signal transmission is insignificant. - Impedance-frequency characteristics of the common-
mode choke coil 26 for power supply are depicted inFIG. 7 . Asolid line 43 denotes impedance-frequency characteristics in the common mode. Abroken line 44 denotes impedance-frequency characteristics in the differential mode. It is to be noted, for example, that the impedance in both the common mode and the differential mode is comparatively high in the neighborhood of 100 MHz. This suggests that it is possible to suppress the high-frequency components (or noise) in both of the modes. - Insertion loss-frequency characteristics of the
capacitor 29 for noise removal are depicted inFIG. 8 . This indicates that thecapacitor 29 having a capacitance of 1.5 μF effectively suppresses noise. -
FIG. 9 depicts frequency characteristics for a loss factor μ″ of the electromagneticwave shielding layer 24 b containing ferrite and polymeric resin. Incidentally, the polymeric resin is polypropylene and the electromagneticwave shielding layer 24 b contains ferrite in an amount of 80 wt %. It is noted fromFIG. 9 that the loss factor μ″ is as low as approximately 4 in the low-frequency range. - The following is a description of a method for producing the USB cable constructed as mentioned above.
- The
USB connector 21 is produced in the following manner. The printedcircuit board 22 is provided thereon with the common-mode choke coils 26 and 27 as chip parts (noise filter) for anti-noise measure. Thepower cable 13 a and theGND cable 13 b are connected to theterminals circuit board 22 respectively by soldering. Also, thesignal cables terminals circuit board 22 respectively by soldering. Then, the insulatingresin layer 24 a as the inner molded part is formed by molding so that it fills the space around the printedcircuit board 22. Similarly, the insulatingresin layer 24 a is subsequently surrounded with the magneticwave shielding layer 24 b as the outer molded part which is formed by molding. In this way, there is obtained theUSB connector 21. - The
μUSB connector 31 is also produced by molding in the similar way to theUSB connector 21 mentioned above. - The above-mentioned method for producing the USB cable saves time for production of the USB cable because the
USB connector 21 is prepared simply by covering the printedcircuit board 22 with resin by molding. Also, covering the printedcircuit board 22 with resin without any gap results in an improved shielding performance. - The foregoing is a detailed description of the embodiment of the present disclosure. The present embodiment mentioned above is not intended to restrict the scope of the present disclosure. Various changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The constitution, method, process, shape, materials, and numerical values cited in the present embodiment mentioned above are mere examples and variously modified as needed.
- What is disclosed herein is applicable to the cable or connector conforming to the standard for USB Type-C. It is applicable not only to the USB cable but also to HDMI (registered trademark) cable and IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 1394 cable. The cable part may be the ordinary USB cable.
- In addition, the molded
part 24 further has the insulatingresin layer 24 c surrounding the electromagneticwave shielding layer 24 b as depicted inFIG. 10 . The insulatingresin layer 24 c includes an insulating polymeric resin such as polypropylene. The insulatingresin layer 24 c added to the moldedpart 24 realizes the improved shielding performance. - Further, the molded part has the insulating resin layer only. In this case, the insulating resin layer may have a configuration to fill the space surrounding the printed circuit board or the insulating resin layer may have a cavity around the printed circuit board.
- Further, both the common-mode choke coil for power supply and the common-mode choke coil for signals are mounted on the same plane of the printed circuit board.
- Note that the present disclosure may be configured as follows.
- (1)
- A cable including:
- a cable part including at least one set of signal cables for differential transmission, a ground cable, and a power cable; and
- a first connector and a second connector arranged at both ends of the cable part,
- in which at least one of the first connector and the second connector has a common-mode choke coil connected to the ground cable and the power cable.
- (2)
- The cable according to Paragraph (1) above, in which the common-mode choke coil is effective in noise removal not only in a common mode but also in a differential mode.
- (3)
- The cable according to Paragraph (1) or (2) above, in which a connector having the common-mode choke coil further has a condenser for noise removal which is placed between the ground cable and the power cable.
- (4)
- The cable according to any one of Paragraphs (1) to (3) above, in which a connector having the common-mode choke coil further has a substrate having the common-mode choke coil mounted thereon and an insulating resin layer covering the substrate.
- (5)
- The cable according to Paragraph (4) above, in which the connector having the common-mode choke coil further has an electromagnetic wave shielding layer covering the insulating resin layer.
- (6)
- The cable according to Paragraph (5) above, in which the electromagnetic wave shielding layer contains carbon or ferrite.
- (7)
- The cable according to Paragraph (5) or (6) above, in which the one set of signal cables is installed such that the one set of signal cables does not come into contact with the electromagnetic wave shielding layer.
- (8)
- The cable according to any one of Paragraphs (5) to (7) above, in which, on a side of the connector having the electromagnetic wave shielding layer, one end of the one set of signal cables is shorter than one end of the ground cable and the power cable.
- (9)
- The cable according to any one of Paragraphs (5) to (8) above, in which, on a side of the connector having the electromagnetic wave shielding layer, one end of the one set of signal cables is covered with an insulating covering material.
- (10)
- The cable according to any one of Paragraphs (1) to (9) above, in which one of the first connector and the second connector has the common-mode choke coil connected to the ground cable and the power cable, and the other of them has a ferrite bead arranged in the ground cable and the power cable.
- (11)
- The cable according to any one of Paragraphs (1) to (10) above, in which at least one of the first connector and the second connector further has a common-mode choke coil connected to the one set of signal cables.
-
- 11 Cable part
- 12 a, 12 b Signal cable
- 13 a Power cable
- 13 b GND cable
- 21 USB connector (first connector)
- 31 μUSB connector (second connector)
- 22 Printed circuit board
- 23 Plug
- 24 Molded part
- 24 a Insulating resin layer
- 24 b Electromagnetic wave shielding layer
- 26, 27 Common-mode choke coil
- 29 Capacitor
Claims (11)
1. A cable comprising:
a cable part including at least one set of signal cables for differential transmission, a ground cable, and a power cable; and
a first connector and a second connector arranged at both ends of the cable part,
wherein at least one of the first connector and the second connector has a common-mode choke coil connected to the ground cable and the power cable.
2. The cable according to claim 1 , wherein the common-mode choke coil is effective in noise removal not only in a common mode but also in a differential mode.
3. The cable according to claim 1 , wherein a connector having the common-mode choke coil further has a condenser for noise removal which is placed between the ground cable and the power cable.
4. The cable according to claim 1 , wherein a connector having the common-mode choke coil further has a substrate having the common-mode choke coil mounted thereon and an insulating resin layer covering the substrate.
5. The cable according to claim 4 , wherein the connector having the common-mode choke coil further has an electromagnetic wave shielding layer covering the insulating resin layer.
6. The cable according to claim 5 , wherein the electromagnetic wave shielding layer contains carbon or ferrite.
7. The cable according to claim 5 , wherein the one set of signal cables is installed such that the one set of signal cables does not come into contact with the electromagnetic wave shielding layer.
8. The cable according to claim 7 , wherein, on a side of the connector having the electromagnetic wave shielding layer, one end of the one set of signal cables is shorter than one end of the ground cable and the power cable.
9. The cable according to claim 5 , wherein, on a side of the connector having the electromagnetic wave shielding layer, one end of the one set of signal cables is covered with an insulating covering material.
10. The cable according to claim 1 , wherein one of the first connector and the second connector has the common-mode choke coil connected to the ground cable and the power cable, and the other of them has a ferrite bead arranged in the ground cable and the power cable.
11. The cable according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first connector and the second connector further has a common-mode choke coil connected to the one set of signal cables.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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JP2016-005896 | 2016-01-15 | ||
JP2016005896 | 2016-01-15 | ||
PCT/JP2016/004655 WO2017122236A1 (en) | 2016-01-15 | 2016-10-21 | Cable |
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PCT/JP2015/004655 A-371-Of-International WO2016047083A1 (en) | 2014-09-22 | 2015-09-14 | Method for manufacturing electronic device, and electronic device |
PCT/JP2016/004655 A-371-Of-International WO2017122236A1 (en) | 2016-01-15 | 2016-10-21 | Cable |
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US16/682,858 Continuation US10916900B2 (en) | 2016-01-15 | 2019-11-13 | Cable |
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US20190013630A1 true US20190013630A1 (en) | 2019-01-10 |
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US16/682,858 Active US10916900B2 (en) | 2016-01-15 | 2019-11-13 | Cable |
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US16/682,858 Active US10916900B2 (en) | 2016-01-15 | 2019-11-13 | Cable |
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US (2) | US20190013630A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3404672B1 (en) |
JP (2) | JP7007037B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102613855B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN108475560B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017122236A1 (en) |
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US10524399B2 (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2019-12-31 | Tokin Corporation | Device including a transmission line |
US10916900B2 (en) | 2016-01-15 | 2021-02-09 | Sony Corporation | Cable |
US11217950B2 (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2022-01-04 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Apparatus and method for performing antenna function by using USB connector |
US11569676B2 (en) | 2019-11-25 | 2023-01-31 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Charger with nanocrystalline ferrite choke |
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US11824299B2 (en) | 2018-10-01 | 2023-11-21 | Sony Semiconductor Solutions Corporation | Connector |
DE102019128575A1 (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2021-04-29 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Motorcycle with USB charging port |
JP7327139B2 (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2023-08-16 | 株式会社村田製作所 | connector |
CN114034979A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-02-11 | 昆明理工大学 | Alternating current transmission line distance measuring method and system |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20200091663A1 (en) | 2020-03-19 |
JPWO2017122236A1 (en) | 2018-11-01 |
JP7007037B2 (en) | 2022-01-24 |
JP7355476B2 (en) | 2023-10-03 |
CN108475560A (en) | 2018-08-31 |
KR20180101363A (en) | 2018-09-12 |
KR102613855B1 (en) | 2023-12-15 |
JP2021077656A (en) | 2021-05-20 |
CN108475560B (en) | 2022-07-12 |
EP3404672B1 (en) | 2022-11-30 |
US10916900B2 (en) | 2021-02-09 |
EP3404672A4 (en) | 2018-12-05 |
EP3404672A1 (en) | 2018-11-21 |
WO2017122236A1 (en) | 2017-07-20 |
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