Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
  • C09D7/40—Additives
  • C09D7/43—Thickening agents
  • C09D7/44—Combinations of two or more thickening agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/08—Processes
  • C08G18/16—Catalysts
  • C08G18/22—Catalysts containing metal compounds
  • C08G18/227—Catalysts containing metal compounds of antimony, bismuth or arsenic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/2805—Compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/2815—Monohydroxy compounds
  • C08G18/283—Compounds containing ether groups, e.g. oxyalkylated monohydroxy compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
  • C08G18/48—Polyethers
  • C08G18/4833—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units
  • C08G18/4837—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units and other oxyalkylene units
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
  • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
  • C08G18/73—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates acyclic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
  • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
  • C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
  • C08G18/75—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic
  • C08G18/751—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring
  • C08G18/752—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group
  • C08G18/753—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group containing one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group having a primary carbon atom next to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate group
  • C08G18/755—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group containing one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group having a primary carbon atom next to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate group and at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to a secondary carbon atom of the cycloaliphatic ring, e.g. isophorone diisocyanate
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
  • C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
  • C08G65/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
  • C08G65/2603—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen
  • C08G65/2606—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxyl groups
  • C08G65/2609—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxyl groups containing aliphatic hydroxyl groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
  • C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
  • C08G65/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
  • C08G65/2603—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen
  • C08G65/2615—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen the other compounds containing carboxylic acid, ester or anhydride groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
  • C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
  • C08G65/32—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
  • C08G65/329—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds
  • C08G65/331—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C08G65/332—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing oxygen containing carboxyl groups, or halides, or esters thereof
  • C08G65/3324—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing oxygen containing carboxyl groups, or halides, or esters thereof cyclic
  • C08G65/3326—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing oxygen containing carboxyl groups, or halides, or esters thereof cyclic aromatic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
  • C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
  • C08G65/32—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
  • C08G65/329—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds
  • C08G65/333—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • C08G65/33348—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing nitrogen containing isocyanate group
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L71/00—Compositions of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L71/02—Polyalkylene oxides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
  • C09D5/04—Thixotropic paints
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D9/00—Chemical paint or ink removers
  • C09D9/04—Chemical paint or ink removers with surface-active agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
  • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
  • C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
  • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend

Definitions

• the present invention relates to ICI thickener compositions which are useful for modifying the rheological properties of paint formulations.
• Rheology modifiers are used in waterborne coatings formulations to control viscosity over a wide shear rate range. They may be associative (they associate with the dispersed phase) or non-associative (they thicken the water phase). Associative thickeners may be derived from natural products such as hydrophobically modified cellulose ethers, or prepared from synthetic polymers such as hydrophobically modified ethylene oxide urethane (HEUR) polymers.
• HEUR hydrophobically modified ethylene oxide urethane
• the present disclosure provides for a viscosity regulating composition
• a viscosity regulating composition comprising a mixture of (a) a branched polymer having the formula [M]-[(A 1 O)-L 1 -(A 1 O)—R 1 ] n , wherein M is polybranched hydrophobe; A 1 O is a polyoxyalkylene unit; L 1 is an aliphatic linking segment or an aromatic linking segment each having at least two hydroxyl reactive linking groups; and R 1 is an aliphatic end unit or aromatic end unit having 2 to 32 carbon atoms; n ranges from 3 to 6; and (b) a polymer having the formula R 2 -(A 2 O)-L 2 -(A 2 O)—R 2 , wherein (A 2 O) is a polyoxyalkylene unit, L 2 is a aliphatic linking segment or an aromatic linking segment, and R 2 is a aliphatic unit or an aromatic unit each having 2 to 32 carbon atoms.
• the viscosity regulating composition further comprises a polybranched polymer selected from (i) [R 3 -(A 3 O)-L 3 -(A 3 O)] (n-1) -M-[(A 3 O)-L 3 -(A 3 O)]-M-[(A 3 O)-L 3 -(A 3 O)—R 3 ] (n-1) ; (ii) ⁇ [R 4 -(A 4 O)-L 4 -(A 4 O)] (n-1) -M-[(A 4 O)-L 4 -(A 4 O)] ⁇ ⁇ -M-[(A 4 O)-L 4 -(A 4 O)—R 4 ] (n-2) -[(A 4 O)-L 4 -(A 4 O)] ⁇ m - ⁇ M-[(A 4 O)-L 4 -(A 4 O)—R 4 ] (n-1) ⁇ ; (iii) and combinations thereof.
• a polybranched polymer
• L 3 and L 4 are each an aliphatic linking segment or an aromatic linking segment each having at least two hydroxyl reactive linking groups; and R 3 and R 4 are each an aliphatic end unit or aromatic end unit having 2 to 32 carbon atoms; n ranges from 3 to 6.
• the viscosity regulating composition further comprises a second polymer having the formula [M]-[(A 1 O)- ⁇ L 1 -(A 1 O) ⁇ m —R 1 ] n wherein m ranges from 2 to 4.
• the polyhydric alcohol is independently selected from the group consisting of: trimethanolpropane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, erythritol, xylitol, sorbitol, mannitol, inositol, glycopyranose and mixtures thereof.
• (A 1 O), (A 2 O), (A 3 O) and (A 4 O) each have a structure independently selected from:
• PO of (—PO—) q can be directly linked to either R and/or M; (iv) -(-EO—) q [(-EO—) x -(—PO—) y ](—PO—) z -, where q+x ranges from 50 to 250 and y+z ranges from 2 to 50; and (EO) and (PO) of [(-EO—) x -(—PO—) y ] are randomly distributed throughout [(-EO—) x -(—PO—) y ] while PO of (—PO—) z is a block polymer.
• PO of (—PO—) z is linked to L; or (v) -(—PO—) q [(-EO—) x -(—PO—) y ](—PO—) z -, where x ranges from 50 to 250 and q+y+z ranges from 4 to 50; and (EO) and (PO) of [(-EO—) x -(—PO—) y ] are randomly distributed throughout [(-EO—) x -(—PO—) y ] while PO of (—PO—) q and (—PO—) z are block polymers.
• the present disclosure provides for an aqueous thickener composition including the various embodiments of viscosity regulating composition described herein and a viscosity suppressing additive selected from an organic co-solvent, a surfactant, or combinations thereof, and water.
• the aqueous thickener composition includes 5 wt. % to 50 wt. % of the composition and water.
• the present disclosure provides for an aqueous thickener composition including the various embodiments of viscosity regulating composition described herein and water.
• the aqueous thickener composition does not contain a viscosity suppressant such as an organic solvent, including butoxyethanol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, triethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol, and other water miscible organic solvents, an inorganic salt, such as sodium chloride or a nonionic or anionic surfactant
• the present disclosure provides for a method to improve ICI viscosity of an aqueous composition.
• An effective amount of a viscosity regulating composition is provided to an aqueous composition, wherein the ICI viscosity of the aqueous composition ranges from 0.5 to 5.0 Poise.
• aliphatic refers to saturated or partially unsaturated linear-, branched-, or cycloaliphatic, or combinations thereof.
• EO refers to ethylene oxide
• PO propylene oxide
• the present disclosure provides for a viscosity regulating composition
• a viscosity regulating composition comprising a mixture of (a) a branched polymer having the formula [M]-[(A 1 O)-L 1 -(A 1 O)—R 1 ] n , wherein M is polybranched hydrophobe; A 1 O is a polyoxyalkylene unit; L 1 is an aliphatic linking segment or an aromatic linking segment each having at least two hydroxyl reactive linking groups; and R 1 is an aliphatic end unit or aromatic end unit having 2 to 32 carbon atoms; n ranges from 3 to 6; and (b) a polymer having the formula R 2 -(A 2 O)-L 2 -(A 2 O)—R 2 , wherein (A 2 O) is a polyoxyalkylene unit, L 2 is a aliphatic linking segment or an aromatic linking segment, and R 2 is a aliphatic unit or an aromatic unit each having 2 to 32 carbon atoms.
• the branched polymer having the formula [M]-[(A 1 O)-L 1 -(A 1 O)—R 1 ] n has a molecular weight ranging from 13,000 g/mole to 170,000 g/mole and the polymer having the formula R 2 -(A 2 O)-L 2 -(A 2 O)—R 2 has a molecular weight ranging from 4,000 g/mole to 30,000 g/mole.
• the viscosity regulating composition further comprises a poly branched polymer selected from (i) [R 3 -(A 3 O)-L 3 -(A 3 O)] (n-1) -M-[(A 3 O)-L 3 -(A 3 O)]-M-[(A 3 O)-L 3 -(A 3 O)—R 3 ] (n-1) ; (ii) ⁇ [R 4 -(A 4 O)-L 4 -(A 4 O)] (n-1) -M-[(A 4 O)-L 4 -(A 4 O)] ⁇ ⁇ -M-[(A 4 O)-L 4 -(A 4 O)—R 4 ] (n-2) -[(A 4 O)-L 4 -(A 4 O)] ⁇ m - ⁇ M-[(A 4 O)-L 4 -(A 4 O)—R 4 ] (n-1) ⁇ ; (iii) and combinations thereof.
• L 3 and L 4 are each an aliphatic linking segment or an aromatic linking segment each having at least two hydroxyl reactive linking groups; and R 3 and R 4 are each an aliphatic end unit or aromatic end unit having 2 to 32 carbon atoms; n ranges from 3 to 6.
• the viscosity regulating compositing further includes a polymer having a molecular weight higher than ⁇ [R 4 -(A 4 O)-L 4 -(A 4 O)] (n-1) -M-[(A 4 O)-L 4 -(A 4 O)] ⁇ ⁇ -M-[(A 4 O)-L 4 -(A 4 O)—R 4 ] (n-2) -[(A 4 O)-L 4 -(A 4 O)] ⁇ m - ⁇ M-[(A 4 O)-L 4 -(A 4 O)—R 4 ] (n-2) ⁇ with end groups of [R 4 -(A 4 O)-L 4 -(A 4 O)-M-], internal segments of ⁇ -M-[(A 4 O)-L 4 -(A 4 O)—R 4 ] (n-2) -[(A 4 O)-L 4 -(A 4 O)] ⁇ and/or an internal
• the viscosity regulating composition further comprises a second polymer having the formula [M]-[(A 1 O)- ⁇ L 1 -(A 1 O) ⁇ m —R 1 ] n wherein m ranges from 2 to 4.
• the amount of branched polymer ranges from: 1 wt. % to 20 wt. %; 1 wt. % to 40 wt. %; and 1 wt. % to 90 wt. % each based on the total weight of the viscosity regulating composition.
• M is a polybranched hydrophobe derived from a polyhydric alcohol having 3 to 6 reactive hydroxyl groups.
• M is derived from a polyhydric alcohol independently selected from the group consisting of: trimethanolpropane, pentaerythritol, erythritol, dipentaerythritol, xylitol, sorbitol, mannitol, inositol, glycopyranose and mixtures thereof.
• M is derived from alkoxylated amines independently selected from the group consisting of: triethanolamine, N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine, N,N,N′,N′′,N′′-pentakis(2-hydroxyethyl)diethylenetriamine, N,N,N′,N′′,N′′′, N′′′-hexakis(2-hydroxyethyl)triethylenetetramine, triisopropanolamine, N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis(2-hydroxyisopropyl)ethylenediamine, N,N,N′,N′′,N′′-pentakis(2-hydroxyisopropyl)diethylenetriamine, N,N,N′,N′′,N′′′, N′′′-hexakis(2-hydroxyisopropyl)triethylenetetramine.
• (A 1 O), (A 2 O), (A 3 O), (A 4 O) and (A 5 O) each have a structure independently selected from:
• PO of (—PO—) q can be directly linked to either R and/or M; (iv) -(-EO—) q [(-EO—) x -(—PO—) y ](—PO—) z -, where q+x ranges from 50 to 250 and y+z ranges from 2 to 50; and (EO) and (PO) of [(-EO—) x -(—PO—) y ] are randomly distributed throughout [(-EO—) x -(—PO—) y ] while PO of (—PO—) z is a block polymer.
• PO of (—PO—) z is linked to L; or (v) -(—PO—) q [(-EO—) x -(—PO—) y ](—PO—) z -, where x ranges from 50 to 250 and q+y+z ranges from 4 to 50; and (EO) and (PO) of [(-EO—) x -(—PO—) y ] are randomly distributed throughout [(-EO—) x -(—PO—) y ] while PO of (—PO—) q and (—PO—) z are block polymers.
• L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , L 4 and L 5 are each independently an aliphatic linking segment or an aromatic linking segment having at least two linking groups.
• L 2 is an aliphatic linking segment or an aromatic linking segment having at least two linking groups.
• L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , L 4 and L 5 may be the same aliphatic linking segment or aromatic linking segment.
• L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , L 4 and L 5 may be different aliphatic linking segment or aromatic linking segment.
• L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , L 4 and L 5 are each independently aliphatic linking segment or an aromatic linking segment each having at least two linking groups each independently selected from: urethane linking group (O—C( ⁇ O)—NH), urea linking group (N(R)—C( ⁇ O)—NH), ether linking group (—O—), ester linking group (—C( ⁇ O)O—), amine linking group (—NH—), an aminoplast segment, a linking group which is the residue from reaction of an epihalohydrin and a hydroxyl group.
• the aliphatic linking segment or an aromatic linking segment, L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , L 4 and L 5 may have the same linking groups. In other such embodiments, the aliphatic linking segment or an aromatic linking segment L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , L 4 and L 5 may have different linking groups.
• the aliphatic linking segment or aromatic linking segment, L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , L 4 and L 5 may have an urethane linking group derived from a diisocyanate independently selected from the group consisting of 1,4-tetramethylene diisocyanate, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,6-diisocyanatohexane, 1,10-decamethylene diisocyanate, 4,4′-methylenebis(isocyanatocyclohexane), 1,4-cyclohexylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, m- and p-phenylene diisocyanate, 2,6- and 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, xylene diisocyanate, 4-chloro-1,3-phenylene diisocyanate, 4,4′-biphenylene diisocyanate, 4,4′-methylene diphenyl
• L 1 and/or L 2 are urethane linking groups derived from a diisocyanate independently selected from the group consisting 1,4 tetramethylene diisocyanate, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate or isophorone diisocyanate.
• the aliphatic linking segment or aromatic linking segment, L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , L 4 and L 5 may have an ester linking group derived from a diacid independently selected from the group consisting of: propanedioic acid, butanedioic acid, pentanedioic acid, hexanedioic acid, heptanedioic acid, octanedioic acid, nonanedioic acid, decanedioic acid and mixtures thereof.
• the aliphatic linking segment or aromatic linking segment, L 1 and/or L 2 may have an ester linking group derived from a diester independently selected from the group consisting of dimethyl succinate, dimethyl adipate, dimethyl glutarate, dimethyl pimelate, dimethyl suberate, dimethyl azelate, dimethyl sebacate, diethyl succinate, diethyl adipate, diethyl glutarate, diethyl pimelate, diethyl suberate, diethyl azelate, diethyl sebacate and combinations thereof.
• a diester independently selected from the group consisting of dimethyl succinate, dimethyl adipate, dimethyl glutarate, dimethyl pimelate, dimethyl suberate, dimethyl azelate, dimethyl sebacate, diethyl succinate, diethyl adipate, diethyl glutarate, diethyl pimelate, diethyl suberate, diethyl azelate, diethyl
• the aliphatic linking segment or aromatic linking segment, L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , L 4 and L 5 may have an ether linking group derived independently selected from the group consisting of: 1,3-butadiene diepoxide, 1,2,7,8-diepoxyoctane, 1,2,5,6-diepoxycyclooctane, limonene diepoxide, bis(polyoxyethylene bis[glycidyl ether], bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, diglycidyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, propylene glycol diglycidyl ether and combinations thereof
• the aliphatic linking segment or aromatic linking segment, L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , L 4 and L 5 may have an ether linking group derived from a dihalo compound independently selected from the group consisting of dihalomethane, dihaloethane, dihalopropane, dihalobutane, dihalopentane, dihalohexane, dihaloheptane, dihalooctane, dihalononane, dihalodecane, dihalododecane, and combinations thereof.
• R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and/or R 4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a linear alkyl group, a branched alkyl group, a cyclic alkyl group, a linear alkylaryl group, a branched alkylaryl group and combinations thereof.
• the alkyl group, of the linear alkyl group, a branched alkyl group, a cyclic alkyl group has 2 to 16, 6 to 14 or 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
• R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and/or R 4 are each independently selected from butyl, hexyl, ethylhexyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl, 2-butyloctyl and 2-hexyldecyl, tristyryl phenol, distyryl phenol, styryl phenol and combinations thereof.
• the linear alkyl group or branched alkyl group, of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and/or R 4 are respectively derived from a linear aliphatic alcohol or branched aliphatic alcohol wherein the alkyl group has 4 to 16, 6 to 14 or 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
• the linear alkyl alcohol or branched alkyl alcohol independently includes 2-ethylhexanol, 1-octanol, 1-nonanol, 1-decanol, 1-dodecanol, or 1-tetradecanol.
• the aliphatic alcohol is derived from di-n-octylaminoethanol, 1-(dibutylamino)-2-butanol, di-2-ethylhexylaminoethanol, di-hexylaminoethanol, 2-(dioctylamino)-ethanol, 2-(dibutylamino) ethanol, 2-(diheptylamino) ethanol, 2-(dihexylamino) ethanol, 2-(dicocoamino) ethanol, 6-dipropylamino-1-hexanol, 1-(bis(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)amino)-2-propanol, and 2-(diethylhexylamino)-ethanol.
• the alkyl group is derived from 1-decanol, 2-(n-butyl)-1-octanol, 2-ethylhexanol, 1-nonanol, 1-dodecanol and mixtures thereof.
• the linear alkyl group or branched alkyl group, of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and/or R 4 are derived from an amine selected from, diethylamine, diallylamine, dipropylamine, diisopropylamine, dibutylamine, dipentylamine, dihexylamine, dioctylamine, di-(2-ethylhexyl)amine, dicyclohexylamine, dibenzylamine, morpholine, piperidine, pyrrolidine, N-methylpiperazine and the product of these amines with epoxides.
• an amine selected from, diethylamine, diallylamine, dipropylamine, diisopropylamine, dibutylamine, dipentylamine, dihexylamine, dioctylamine, di-(2-ethylhexyl)amine, dicyclohexylamine, dibenzylamine, morpholine,
• a linear alkylaryl group or a branched alkylaryl group, of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and/or R 4 are derived from an aromatic alcohol wherein the aryl group has 6 to 32 carbon atoms, 6 to 22 carbon atoms or 6 to 14 carbon atoms.
• the linear alkylaryl group or branched alkylaryl group are independently derived from tristyryl phenol, distyryl phenol, styryl phenol and mixtures thereof.
• the composition comprises a mixture of (a) a branched polymer having the formula [M]-[(A 1 O)-L 1 -(A 1 O)—R 1 ] n , wherein M is derived from trimethylolpropane, A 1 O is a polyoxyalkylene unit, L 1 is derived from 1,4 tetramethylene diisocyanate, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate or isophorone diisocyanate, and R 1 is derived from decanol, dodecanol or tetradecanol; and (b) a polymer having the formula R 2 -(A 2 O)-L 2 -(A 2 O)—R 2 , wherein (A 2 O) is a polyoxyalkylene unit, L 2 is derived from 1,4 tetramethylene diisocyanate, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate or isophorone diisocyanate,
• the viscosity regulating composition may further include one or more polybranched polymer selected from (i) [R 3 -(A 3 O)-L 3 -(A 3 O)] 2 -M-[(A 3 )-L 3 -(A 3 O)]-M-[(A 3 O)-L 3 -(A 3 O)—R 3 ] 2 ; (ii) ⁇ [R 3 (A 3 O)-L 3 (A 3 O)] 2 -M-[(A 3 O)-L 3 -(A 3 O)] ⁇ - ⁇ M-[(A 3 O)-L 3 -(A 3 O)—R 3 ]—[(A 3 O)-L 3 -(A 3 O)] ⁇ (2-4) -M-[(A 3 O)-L 3 -(A 3 O)—R 3 ] 2 ; and (iii) combinations thereof; wherein L 3 is independently derived from 1,4 tetramethylene diisocyanate, 1,6-
• the branched polymer having the formula [M]-[(A 1 O)-L 1 -(A 1 O)—R] n has a molecular weight ranging from 13,000 g/mole to 90,000 g/mole and the polymer having the formula R 2 -(A 2 O)-L 2 -(A 2 O)—R 2 has a molecular weight ranging from 4,000 g/mole to 30,000 g/mole.
• (A 1 O), (A 2 O) and (A 3 O) each have a structure according to formula (I):
• the composition comprises a mixture of (a) a branched polymer having the formula [M]-[(A 1 O)-L 1 -(A 1 O)—R 1 ] n , wherein M is derived from pentaerythritol, A 1 O is a polyoxyalkylene unit, L 1 is derived from 1,4 tetramethylene diisocyanate, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate or isophorone diisocyanate, and R 1 is derived from decanol, dodecanol or tetradecanol; and (b) a polymer having the formula R 2 -(A 2 O)-L 2 -(A 2 O)—R 2 , wherein (A 2 O) is a polyoxyalkylene unit, L 2 is derived from 1,4 tetramethylene diisocyanate, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate or isophorone diisocyan
• the viscosity regulating composition may further include one or more polybranched polymer selected from (i) [R 3 -(A 3 O)-L 3 -(A 3 O)] 3 -M-[(A 3 O)-L 3 -(A 3 O)]-M-[(A 3 O)-L 3 -(A 3 O)—R 3 ] 3 ; (ii) ⁇ [R 3 (A 3 O)-L 3 (A 3 O)] 3 -M-[(A 3 O)-L 3 -(A 3 O)] ⁇ - ⁇ M-[(A 3 O)-L 3 -(A 3 O)—R 3 ] 2 -[(A 3 O)-L 3 -(A 3 O)] ⁇ (2-4) -M-[(A 3 O)-L 3 -(A 3 O)—R 3 ] 3 ; and (iii) and combinations thereof, wherein L 3 is independently derived from 1,4 tetramethylene diisocyanate,
• the branched polymer having the formula [M]-[(A 1 O)-L 1 -(A 1 O)—R 1 ] n has a molecular weight ranging from 17,000 g/mole to 120,000 g/mole and the polymer having the formula R 2 -(A 2 O)-L 2 -(A 2 O)—R 2 has a molecular weight ranging from 4,000 g/mole to 30,000 g/mole.
• (A 1 O), (A 2 O) and (A 3 O) each have a structure according to formula (I): -(-EO—) q [(-EO—) x -(—PO—) y ](-EO—) z -, where q+x+z ranges from 50 to 250 and y ranges from 0 to 50; and (EO) and (PO) of [(-EO—) x -(—PO—) y ] are randomly distributed throughout [(-EO—) x -(—PO—) y ].
• the present disclosure further provides for an aqueous thickening composition containing the various embodiments of the viscosity regulating composition described herein and water.
• the aqueous thickening composition may contain 5-50 wt. % of the ICI viscosity regulating composition described herein and water.
• the aqueous thickening composition may contain 5-30 wt. % of the ICI viscosity regulating composition described herein and water.
• the aqueous thickening composition may contain 15-30 wt. % of the ICI viscosity regulating composition described herein and water.
• the aqueous thickening composition does not contain a viscosity suppressant when the viscosity, of the aqueous thickening composition is less than 10000 cP.
• viscosity suppressants include organic solvents, such as butoxyethanol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, triethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol, and other water miscible organic solvents, an inorganic salt, such as sodium chloride or a nonionic or anionic surfactant.
• the aqueous thickening composition further contains a biocide, an anti-oxidant and combinations thereof.
• the aqueous thickening composition may have a viscosity ranging from: 100 to 2500 cP or 100 to 5000 cP or 100 to 10000 cP.
• the present disclosure further provides for an aqueous thickening composition containing the various embodiments of the viscosity regulating composition described herein, a viscosity suppressant and water.
• the aqueous thickening composition may contain 5-50 wt. % of the ICI viscosity regulating composition described herein, a viscosity suppressant and water.
• the aqueous thickening composition may contain 5-30 wt. % of the ICI viscosity regulating composition described herein, a viscosity suppressant and water.
• the aqueous thickening composition may contain 15-30 wt.
• the viscosity suppressant includes organic solvents, such as butoxyethanol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, triethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol, and other water miscible organic solvents, an inorganic salt, such as sodium chloride or a nonionic or anionic surfactant.
• the aqueous thickening composition further contains a biocide, an anti-oxidant and combinations thereof.
• the aqueous thickening composition may have a viscosity of up to: 2500 cP; 5000 cP; 10,000 cP; 15,000 cP; 20,000 cP; or 25,000 cP. In one such embodiment, the aqueous thickening composition may have a viscosity ranging from: 100 to 2500 cP; 100 to 5000 cP; 100 to 10000 cP; 100 to 15,000 cP; 100 to 20,000 cP; or 100 to 25,000 cP. In one embodiment, the aqueous thickening may have a viscosity ranging from: 100 to 2500 cP or 100 to 5000 cP.
• Brookfield viscosities of such aqueous thickening compositions are measured at 25° C. and 10 RPM using a Brookfield RV or RVT.
• a #1 spindle is used for materials having a Brookfield viscosity of 400-600 cP (40-60 dial reading)
• a #2 spindle is used for materials having a Brookfield viscosity of 1600-2400 cP
• a #3 spindle is used for materials having a Brookfield viscosity of 4000-6000 cP.
• the following table may also be used to determine the appropriate spindle to use when measuring Brookfield viscosity at 25° C. and 10 RPM:
• Viscosity Spindle Factor Mid-dial Max 1 10 500 1000 2 40 2000 4000 3 100 5000 10000 4 200 10000 20000 5 400 20000 40000 6 1000 50000 100000 7 4000 200000 400000
• the present invention provides for a method to improve ICI viscosity of an aqueous composition comprising: providing an effective amount of a viscosity regulating composition according to the various embodiments described herein to an aqueous composition, wherein the ICI viscosity of the aqueous composition ranges from 0.5 to 5.0 Poise.
• the present disclosure provides for various methods of manufacturing the various embodiments of the viscosity regulating composition described herein.
• the skilled person should look to the description of M, L, R and AO as described above herein for the various embodiments of the viscosity regulating composition.
• a solvent-free melt is formed of (i) an alkoxylated polyhydroxyl segment, having the formula [M]-(AO) n having 3 to 6 reactive hydroxyl linking groups, n ranges from 3 to 6, a molecular weight ranging from 10,000 g/mole to 50,000 g/mole, and (ii) an alkoxylated aliphatic end segment or alkoxylated aromatic end segment, having the formula (AO)—R and a reactive hydroxyl linking group and a molecular weight ranging from 2,000 g/mole to 10,000 g/mole.
• the solvent-free melt is contacted with aliphatic linking segments or aromatic linking segments, L, each having at least two hydroxyl reactive linking groups under conditions sufficient to form a composition
• a composition comprising a mixture of a branched polymer having the formula [M]-[(AO)-L-(AO)—R] n and a polymer having the formula R-(AO)-L-(AO)—R, wherein the mole ratio of the alkoxylated polyhydroxyl segment to the alkoxylated aliphatic end segment or alkoxylated aromatic end segment ranges from 1:3 to 1:30; 1:3 to 1:14; 1:9 to 1:22.
• the composition further comprises a poly branched polymer selected from (i) [R-(AO)-L-(AO)] (n-1) -M-[(AO)-L-(AO)]-M-[(AO)-L-(AO)—R] (n-1) ; (ii) ⁇ [R-(AO)-L-(AO)] (n-1) -M-[(AO)-L-(AO)] ⁇ ⁇ -M-[(AO)-L-(AO)—R] (n-2) -[(AO)-L-(AO)] ⁇ m - ⁇ M-[(AO)-L-(AO)—R] (n-1) ⁇ ; (iii) and combinations thereof.
• a poly branched polymer selected from (i) [R-(AO)-L-(AO)] (n-1) -M-[(AO)-L-(AO)]-M-[(AO)-L-(AO)—R] (n-1) ; (ii
• a solvent-free melt is formed of (i) an alkoxylated polyhydroxyl segment, having the formula [M]-(AO) n having 3 to 6 reactive hydroxyl linking groups, n ranges from 3 to 6, a molecular weight ranging from 1,000 g/mole to 10,000 g/mole, and (ii) an alkoxylated aliphatic end segment or alkoxylated aromatic end segment, having the formula (AO)—R, a reactive hydroxyl linking group and a molecular weight ranging from 500 g/mole to 2,000 g/mole.
• the solvent-free melt is contacted with ethylene oxide, propylene oxide or combination thereof under conditions sufficient to form a mixture of an alkoxylated polyhydroxyl segment having a molecular weight ranging from 10,000 g/mole to 50,000 g/mole and an alkoxylated aliphatic end segment or alkoxylated aromatic end segment having a molecular weight ranging from 2,000 g/mole to 10,000 g/mole.
• the solvent-free melt is then contacted with aliphatic linking segments or aromatic linking segments, L, each having at least two hydroxyl reactive linking groups under conditions sufficient to form a composition
• a composition comprising a mixture of a branched polymer having the formula [M]-[(AO)-L-(AO)—R] n and a polymer having the formula R-(AO)-L-(AO)—R, wherein the mole ratio of the alkoxylated polyhydroxyl segment to the alkoxylated aliphatic end segment or alkoxylated aromatic end segment ranges from 1:3 to 1:30; 1:3 to 1:14; 1:9 to 1:22.
• the composition further comprises a poly branched polymer selected from (i) [R-(AO)-L-(AO)] (n-1) -M-[(AO)-L-(AO)]-M-[(AO)-L-(AO)—R] (n-1) ; (ii) ⁇ [R-(AO)-L-(AO)] (n-1) -M-[(AO)-L-(AO)] ⁇ ⁇ -M-[(AO)-L-(AO)—R] (n-2) -[(AO)-L-(AO)] ⁇ m - ⁇ M-[(AO)-L-(AO)—R] (n-1) ⁇ ; (iii) and combinations thereof.
• a poly branched polymer selected from (i) [R-(AO)-L-(AO)] (n-1) -M-[(AO)-L-(AO)]-M-[(AO)-L-(AO)—R] (n-1) ; (ii
• the present disclosure provides for a method of manufacturing viscosity regulating composition
• a method of manufacturing viscosity regulating composition comprising the following steps. At least two moles of an alkoxylated aliphatic end segment or alkoxylated aromatic end segment, having the formula (AO)—R and a reactive hydroxyl linking group and a molecular weight ranging from 2,000 g/mole to 10,000 g/mole, are reacted with aliphatic linking segments or aromatic linking segments, L, having at least two hydroxyl reactive linking groups under conditions sufficient to form a composition having a formula of R-(AO)-L-(AO)—R.
• composition having a formula of R-(AO)-L-(AO)—R is added to a solvent free melt of (i) an alkoxylated polyhydroxyl segment, having the formula [M]-(AO) n having 3 to 6 reactive hydroxyl linking groups, n ranges from 3 to 6, a molecular weight ranging from 10,000 g/mole to 50,000 g/mole, and (ii) an alkoxylated aliphatic end segment or alkoxylated aromatic end segment, having the formula (AO)—R and a reactive hydroxyl linking group and a molecular weight ranging from 2,000 g/mole to 10,000 g/mole.
• the solvent-free melt is contacted with aliphatic linking segments or aromatic linking segments, L, each having at least two hydroxyl reactive linking groups under conditions sufficient to form a composition having the formula branched polymer having the formula [M]-[(AO)-L-(AO)—R] n , wherein the mole ratio of the alkoxylated polyhydroxyl segment to the alkoxylated aliphatic end segment or alkoxylated aromatic end segment ranges from 1:3 to 1:30; 1:3 to 1:14; 1:9 to 1:22.
• the composition further comprises a poly branched polymer selected from (i) [R-(AO)-L-(AO)] (n-1) -M-[(AO)-L-(AO)]-M-[(AO)-L-(AO)—R] (n-1) ; (ii) ⁇ [R-(AO)-L-(AO)] (n-1) -M-[(AO)-L-(AO)] ⁇ ⁇ -M-[(AO)-L-(AO)—R] (n-2) -[(AO)-L-(AO)] ⁇ m - ⁇ M-[(AO)-L-(AO)—R] (n-1) ⁇ ; (iii) and combinations thereof.
• a poly branched polymer selected from (i) [R-(AO)-L-(AO)] (n-1) -M-[(AO)-L-(AO)]-M-[(AO)-L-(AO)—R] (n-1) ; (ii
• a paint formulation may be formulated using the viscosity regulating composition described herein and/or the aqueous thickening compositions, as described herein.
• a paint formulation includes: 10-50 wt. % solids of a resin system; 0.0-2.0 wt. % actives of an associative co-thickener; 0.1-3.0 wt. % actives of the ICI viscosity regulating composition according to the various embodiments discussed herein; and optionally 1-12 wt. % of a colorant composition.
• the ICI viscosity of a paint formulation ranges from 0.5 to 5.0 Poise. In another embodiment, the ICI viscosity of a paint formulation ranges from 0.5 to 4.0 Poise. In yet another embodiment, the ICI viscosity of a paint formulation ranges from 0.5 to 3.0 Poise. In still yet another embodiment, the Stormer viscosity of a paint formulation is at least 60 KU. In another such embodiment, the Stormer viscosity of a paint formulation ranges from 60 KU to 130 KU.
• a paint formulation of some embodiments of the present invention may include one or more resin film forming binders.
• a binder, or resin is the actual film forming component of paint. It is an essential component of a base paint; and other components listed herein are included optionally, depending on the desired properties of the cured film. Binders can be categorized according to drying, or curing mechanism. The four most common are simple solvent evaporation, oxidative crosslinking, catalyzed polymerization, and coalescence.
• the resin binder is a water dispersible resin, such as a water dispersible alkyd or water dispersible polyurethane. In some embodiments, the resin binder is a water soluble resin. In certain embodiments, the resin binder is an emulsion resin, such as is typically used to manufacture latex paints. In certain embodiments, the resin includes a hydrophobic resin. Representative hydrophobic emulsion resins may include (meth)acrylic resin, a styrene acrylic resin, a styrene resin or other ethylenically unsaturated monomers. Representative examples of hydrophilic emulsion resins may include a vinyl acrylic resin or a vinyl acetate ethylene resin.
• the resin may have a substantially spherical shape and a large particle size or low surface area.
• the particle size may be greater than about 200 nm.
• the particle size ranges from about 220 nm to about 650 nm.
• the resin may have a substantially spherical shape and small particle size or high surface area.
• the particle size may be less than about 200 nm.
• the particle size ranges from about 40 nm to about 180 nm.
• the resin may have a multilobe shape.
• Representative resins may include Optive 130 (BASF, acrylic, 160 nm), UCAR 300 (Dow, vinyl acrylic, 260 nm), UCAR 625 (Dow, acrylic, 340 nm), Rhoplex ML-200 (Rohm & Haas, acrylic, 590 nm multilobe), and Neocryl XK-90 (DSM Neoresins, acrylic, 90 nm).
• combinations of resins are used to prepare the base paint.
• the paint formulation may also include at least one associative co-thickener.
• Associative co-thickeners are water soluble, water dispersible, or water swellable polymers that have chemically attached hydrophobic groups.
• a paint formulation includes a condensation polymer associative co-thickener including but not limited to polyether polyurethanes, polyether polyols, polyether polyacetals, polyether aminoplasts and the like.
• a paint formulation includes about 0.05 wt % to about 5 wt % as active polymer of a condensation polymer associative co-thickener, about 0.1 wt % to about 3 wt % as active polymer of a condensation polymer associative co-thickener, or about 0.2 wt % to about 1 wt % as active polymer of a condensation polymer associative co-thickener.
• the associative co-thickener includes polyurethane thickener; a hydrophobically modified cellulose; a hydrophobically modified alkali soluble thickener; an alkali soluble thickener; a cellulose thickener; a polyacetalpolyether; polyetherpolyol thickener; smectite clays and mixtures thereof.
• the associative co-thickeners include nonionic hydrophobically modified materials including nonionic hydrophobically-modified ethylene oxide urethane copolymers, nonionic hydrophobically-modified ethylene oxide ether copolymers, nonionic hydrophobically-modified ethylene oxide glycouril copolymers, hydrophobically-modified alkali soluble emulsions, hydrophobically-modified poly(meth)acrylic acids, hydrophobically-modified hydroxyethyl cellulose, and hydrophobically-modified poly(acrylamide), and mixtures thereof.
• nonionic hydrophobically-modified materials including nonionic hydrophobically-modified ethylene oxide urethane copolymers, nonionic hydrophobically-modified ethylene oxide ether copolymers, nonionic hydrophobically-modified ethylene oxide glycouril copolymers, hydrophobically-modified alkali soluble emulsions, hydrophobically-modified poly
• the number average molecular weights of the associative co-thickeners may range from about 10,000 to about 500,000 g/mole or more, depending on the chemical type of associative thickener. In some embodiments, the number average molecular weight of the associate do-thickeners may range from about 10,000 to about 50,000 g/mole. In some embodiments, the number average molecular weight of the associate co-thickeners may range from about 100,000 to about 300,000 g/mole. In some embodiments, the number average molecular weight of the associate co-thickeners may range from about 400,000 to about 500,000 g/mole or more.
• the associative co-thickener may include an KU associative thickener which is used to increase the low to mid shear viscosity of a composition.
• a colorant containing paint formulation of the present invention may also include any suitable colorant.
• a predispersed colorant may be added to a paint formulation. It is to be understood that this invention is equally effective with single colorants or mixtures of colorants.
• a colorant or colorant compound may include one or more colored pigment(s) which have been dispersed in an aqueous or water-miscible medium external to the paint in which it is intended to be used by use of mechanical energy, i.e., grinding or shearing by means of dispersing equipment such as, for example, a ball mill and a sand mill and then dispersed into a base paint.
• mechanical energy i.e., grinding or shearing by means of dispersing equipment such as, for example, a ball mill and a sand mill and then dispersed into a base paint.
• colorant does not include pigments in a dry undispersed state.
• the dispersion process is typically achieved by the use of auxiliary compounds such as, for example, surfactants, wetting agents, water-miscible solvents, and dispersants, in addition to mechanical energy.
• the aqueous or water-miscible medium may also include glycols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, and alcohols such as isopropanol.
• Dispersants may include polyethylene oxide polymers, polyethylene oxide glycols and others.
• the aqueous or water-miscible medium may also include extenders such as talc and calcium carbonate; humectants; thickeners; defoamer; and biocides. Such colorants are frequently added to a base paint or tint base at the point-of-sale to produce custom colors.
• Pigments which are commonly used to prepare colorants include one or more inorganic or organic pigments, or metal effect agents, or combinations thereof.
• suitable pigments include titanium dioxide white, carbon black, lamp black, black iron oxide, red iron oxide, yellow iron oxide, brown iron oxide (a blend of red and yellow oxide with black), phthalocyanine green, phthalocyanine blue, organic red pigment (such as naphthol red, quinacridone red and toluidine red), quinacridone magenta, quinacridone violet, DNA orange, and organic yellow pigment (such as Hansa yellow) and combinations thereof.
• the colorants are usually sold in concentrated form (typically 25% to 75% solids by weight) so that modest amounts can be used in a waterborne coating composition to provide a desired range of color intensities while not compromising the properties of the waterborne coating composition unduly.
• Typical amounts of colorants which are used in architectural coatings are from 2 to 4 fluid ounces of colorant per gallon of base paint for light tint bases and pastels, from 4 to 8 fluid ounces of colorant per gallon of base paint for medium tint bases, and from 6 to 16 fluid ounces of colorant per gallon of base paint for deep tone tint bases.
• different colorants and mixtures thereof are frequently used to provide wide latitude in color selection.
• Such colorants are frequently added to a base paint at the point-of-purchase of the colored paint, such as a paint store, followed by admixing the colorant and the waterborne coating composition by various means such as shaking the can of paint.
• a paint system of some embodiments of the present invention may include additional components as suitable to achieve the desire effect, including but not limited to wetting agents, fillers; pigments, such as titanium dioxide, mica, calcium carbonate, silica, zinc oxide, milled glass, aluminum trihydrate, talc, antimony trioxide, fly ash, and clay; polymer encapsulated pigments, such as polymer-encapsulated or partially encapsulated pigment particles such as titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, or lithopone particles; polymers or polymer emulsions adsorbing or bonding to the surface of pigments such as titanium dioxide; hollow pigments, including pigments having one or more voids; dispersants, such as aminoalcohols and polycarboxylates; surfactants; defoamers; preservatives, such as biocides, mildewcides, fungicides, algaecides, and combinations thereof; flow agents; leveling agents; and additional neutralizing agents, such as hydroxides, amines, ammonia, and carbonates
• Paint formulations may be characterized by a variety of properties including Stormer (KU) viscosity, ICI viscosity, sag and leveling.
• KU Stormer
• Stormer viscosity relates to the in-can appearance and is typically measured in Krebs units (KU) using a Stormer viscometer. Mid-shear or Stormer viscosity was measured by the test method described in ASTM D562-01 “Standard Test Method Consistency of Paints Measuring Krebs Unit (KU) Viscosity Using a Stormer-Type Viscometer.”
• ICI viscosity represents the viscosity of the paint during typical brush and roller application conditions. It is typically measured at 10,000 sec 1 by the test method described in ASTM D4287-00 “Standard Test Method for High-Shear Viscosity Using a Cone/Plate Viscometer.”
• Sag values were measured following the test method described in ASTM D4400-99 (Reapproved 2007) “Standard Test Method for Sag Resistance of Paints Using a Multinotch Applicator.”
• the leveling values were measured following the test method described in ASTM D4062-99 (Reapproved 2003) “Standard Test Method for Leveling of Paints by Draw-Down Method.”
• the compounds encompassed herein are used to make high-shear (e.g., ICI) viscosity regulating compositions.
• high-shear e.g., ICI
• the term “about” means plus or minus 10%.
• a viscosity regulating composition was prepared as follows: To a 500 ml reaction kettle equipped with a nitrogen inlet, stirrer, Dean Stark trap and a condenser, 50.00 g of alkoxylated trimethylolpropane (Mn: 18160, 2.75 mmol), 52.65 g of alkoxylated lauryl alcohol (Mn: 6375, 8.25 mmol), 0.15 g benzoic acid (MW: 122.12, 1.23 mmol) and 300 g of toluene were added. The alkoxylate groups of alkoxylated trimethylolpropane and alkoxylated lauryl alcohol were a mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
• the reaction mixture was stirred at 250 rpm and dewatered at 130° C., with a N 2 purge, 0.5 ml/min, to remove 120 ml of the toluene/H 2 O mixture.
• the reaction was cooled to 80° C. followed by addition of 1.39 g of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) (MW: 168.19:8.26 mmol) and 3 drops of K-Kat 348.
• HDI hexamethylene diisocyanate
• the reaction is stirred at 80° C. for 1.5 hour.
• the mixture was cooled and poured onto a metal tray to evaporate toluene.
• the composition was further dried in a vacuum oven.
• Example A Same procedure described in Example A replacing the alkoxylated lauryl alcohol with 52.65 g of alkoxylated decyl alcohol (Mn: 6375, 8.25 mmol).
• the alkoxylate group of alkoxylated decyl alcohol was a mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
• Example A Same procedure described in Example A replacing the alkoxylated lauryl alcohol with 52.65 g of alkoxylated tetradecyl alcohol (Mn: 6375, 8.25 mmol).
• the alkoxylate group of alkoxylated tetradecyl alcohol was a mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
• a viscosity regulating composition was prepared as follows:
• the reaction mixture was stirred at 250 rpm and dewatered at 125° C., with a N 2 purge, 0.5 ml/min, until a water content of ⁇ 250 ppm was reached.
• the mixture was heated to 115° C. the kettle was closed.
• 2010.6 g ethylene oxide (MW: 44.10; 45.59 mol) and 305 g propylene oxide (MW: 58.08; 5.25 mol) were added under pressure in 8 hours.
• the reaction mixture was stirred at 115° C. for 3 hours.
• a viscosity regulating composition was prepared as follows: To a 250 ml reaction kettle equipped with a nitrogen inlet, stirrer and a condenser, 50.00 g of alkoxylated pentaerythritol (Mn: 24930, 2.01 mmol), 179.38 g of alkoxylated lauryl alcohol (Mn: 6375, 24.08 mmol), and 0.39 g benzoic acid (MW: 122.12, 2.81 mmol) were added. The reaction mixture was stirred at 250 rpm and dewatered at 130° C., with a N 2 purge, 0.5 ml/min. The reaction was heated to 120° C.
• HDI hexamethylene diisocyanate

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