US20180259868A1 - Toner, toner cartridge, and image forming apparatus - Google Patents
Toner, toner cartridge, and image forming apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20180259868A1 US20180259868A1 US15/485,415 US201715485415A US2018259868A1 US 20180259868 A1 US20180259868 A1 US 20180259868A1 US 201715485415 A US201715485415 A US 201715485415A US 2018259868 A1 US2018259868 A1 US 2018259868A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- toner
- coloring agent
- fluorescent coloring
- mass
- light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000006081 fluorescent whitening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 18
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 7
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical group OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011802 pulverized particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N coumarin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(=O)C=CC2=C1 ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AIXZBGVLNVRQSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-tert-butyl-2-[5-(5-tert-butyl-1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl]-1,3-benzoxazole Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C2OC(C3=CC=C(S3)C=3OC4=CC=C(C=C4N=3)C(C)(C)C)=NC2=C1 AIXZBGVLNVRQSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012643 polycondensation polymerization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002012 Aerosil® Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxazole Chemical compound C1=COC=N1 ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical group OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- -1 alkyl carboxylic acid Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005233 alkylalcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N arachidonic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229960000956 coumarin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000001671 coumarin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- NOPFSRXAKWQILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO NOPFSRXAKWQILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- IRHTZOCLLONTOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexacosan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO IRHTZOCLLONTOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XMHIUKTWLZUKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexacosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XMHIUKTWLZUKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BTFJIXJJCSYFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BTFJIXJJCSYFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octacosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid group Chemical group C(CCC(=O)O)(=O)O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TYWMIZZBOVGFOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracosan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO TYWMIZZBOVGFOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 2
- QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Sn]=O QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YTLYLLTVENPWFT-UPHRSURJSA-N (Z)-3-aminoacrylic acid Chemical compound N\C=C/C(O)=O YTLYLLTVENPWFT-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940084778 1,4-sorbitan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002666 1-octacosanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTHJQRHPNQEPAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethenylbenzene Chemical compound COC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 CTHJQRHPNQEPAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-vinylpyridine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=N1 KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 108010043121 Green Fluorescent Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000021353 Lignoceric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CQXMAMUUWHYSIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lignoceric acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 CQXMAMUUWHYSIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001890 Novodur Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004931 aggregating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021342 arachidonic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940114079 arachidonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC=C QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000541 cetyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JQZRVMZHTADUSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L di(octanoyloxy)tin Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O JQZRVMZHTADUSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JGFBRKRYDCGYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl(oxo)tin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](=O)CCCC JGFBRKRYDCGYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960000735 docosanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- FARYTWBWLZAXNK-WAYWQWQTSA-N ethyl (z)-3-(methylamino)but-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C(\C)NC FARYTWBWLZAXNK-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium atom Chemical compound [Eu] OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002189 fluorescence spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNNRPFQICPFDPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N octacosan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO CNNRPFQICPFDPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYCFYXLDTSNTGP-UHFFFAOYSA-L octadecanoate;tin(2+) Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CYCFYXLDTSNTGP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940098695 palmitic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004274 stearic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium titanate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IUTCEZPPWBHGIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(2+) Chemical compound [Sn+2] IUTCEZPPWBHGIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08784—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775
- G03G9/08795—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775 characterised by their chemical properties, e.g. acidity, molecular weight, sensitivity to reactants
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/09—Colouring agents for toner particles
- G03G9/0902—Inorganic compounds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/0802—Preparation methods
- G03G9/0812—Pretreatment of components
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/0821—Developers with toner particles characterised by physical parameters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/0821—Developers with toner particles characterised by physical parameters
- G03G9/0823—Electric parameters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08702—Binders for toner particles comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G03G9/08726—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof
- G03G9/08733—Polymers of unsaturated polycarboxylic acids
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08742—Binders for toner particles comprising macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G03G9/08755—Polyesters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/09—Colouring agents for toner particles
- G03G9/0906—Organic dyes
- G03G9/0924—Dyes characterised by specific substituents
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/09—Colouring agents for toner particles
- G03G9/0926—Colouring agents for toner particles characterised by physical or chemical properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/093—Encapsulated toner particles
- G03G9/09392—Preparation thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/12—Developers with toner particles in liquid developer mixtures
- G03G9/122—Developers with toner particles in liquid developer mixtures characterised by the colouring agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F293/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule
- C08F293/005—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule using free radical "living" or "controlled" polymerisation, e.g. using a complexing agent
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/20—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat
- G03G15/2003—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat using heat
- G03G15/2007—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat using heat using radiant heat, e.g. infrared lamps, microwave heaters
Definitions
- Embodiments described herein relate to a toner, a toner cartridge, and an image forming apparatus.
- a toner which emits fluorescence in a visible light region by irradiation with UV light such as black light is put into practical use in security documents, etc.
- the toner which emits fluorescence a toner which emits fluorescence in a visible light region of red, green, or blue color, each of which is one of the three primary colors of light is known.
- a toner which emits blue fluorescence by irradiation with black light or the like is known.
- Such a toner is required to have visibility upon irradiation with UV light such as black light.
- commercially available paper contains a fluorescent whitening agent.
- Paper containing a fluorescent whitening agent emits blue light by irradiation with UV light such as black light. That is, a wavelength region of fluorescence emitted from commercially available paper by irradiation with black light overlaps with a wavelength region of blue fluorescence. Therefore, blue fluorescence emitted from a toner printed on commercially available paper often is hardly distinguished from fluorescence emitted from the commercially available paper. Therefore, the toner which emits blue fluorescence may have insufficient visibility upon irradiation with UV light.
- the toner which emits green fluorescence also may have insufficient visibility upon irradiation with UV light.
- a toner which emits red fluorescence often has a weak luminescence intensity of the fluorescence, and therefore may have insufficient visibility upon irradiation with UV light. Further, the toner which emits red fluorescence often has low light resistance and low heat resistance, and therefore may not be of practical use.
- Examples of a method for improving visibility upon irradiation with UV light include a method in which the content of a fluorescent coloring agent in the toner is increased and a method in which the amount of the toner to be adhered to a recording medium such as paper is increased.
- An object of the embodiments herein is to provide a toner having excellent visibility upon irradiation with UV light, a toner cartridge, and an image forming apparatus.
- a toner of an embodiment contains at least two or more fluorescent coloring agents selected from the group consisting of a first fluorescent coloring agent, a second fluorescent coloring agent, and a third fluorescent coloring agent, and a binder resin.
- the first fluorescent coloring agent has a fluorescence peak in a wavelength region of 400 nm or more and less than 500 nm.
- the second fluorescent coloring agent has a fluorescence peak in a wavelength region of 500 nm or more and less than 600 nm.
- the third fluorescent coloring agent has a fluorescence peak in a wavelength region of 600 nm or more and less than 650 nm.
- FIG. 1 is side view showing an image forming apparatus of an embodiment.
- a toner contains at least two or more fluorescent coloring agents selected from the group consisting of a first fluorescent coloring agent, a second fluorescent coloring agent, and a third fluorescent coloring agent, and a binder resin.
- the “fluorescent coloring agent” refers to a coloring agent which emits fluorescence having a peak in a specific wavelength region by irradiation with UV light such as black light.
- the “fluorescence peak” refers to a convex portion of a spectrum measured for the intensity of fluorescence emitted from the fluorescent coloring agent by irradiation with UV light.
- the first fluorescent coloring agent will be described.
- the first fluorescent coloring agent has a fluorescence peak in a wavelength region of 400 nm or more and less than 500 nm (hereinafter, also referred to as “first wavelength region”).
- the first fluorescent coloring agent may have only one fluorescence peak or may have two or more fluorescence peaks in the first wavelength region.
- the fluorescence peak of the first fluorescent coloring agent may be a clear peak (line spectrum) or may be a band spectrum with a width.
- the fluorescence peak is measured using a spectrofluorophotometer “RF-6000” (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) or the like.
- the first fluorescent coloring agent emits blue light when being excited with excitation light such as UV light having a wavelength of 350 nm or more and less than 380 nm.
- the first fluorescent coloring agent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include known blue fluorescent coloring agents. Further, the first fluorescent coloring agent may be a synthesized fluorescent coloring agent or may be a commercially available product. Examples of the first fluorescent coloring agent include thiophene-based, coumarin-based, bisstyrylbenzene-based, and oxazole-based fluorescent coloring agents. Examples of the commercially available product of the first fluorescent coloring agent include “TINOPAL OB” (manufactured by BASF SE).
- the second fluorescent coloring agent will be described.
- the second fluorescent coloring agent has a fluorescence peak in a wavelength region of 500 nm or more and less than 600 nm (hereinafter, also referred to as “second wavelength region”).
- the second fluorescent coloring agent may have only one fluorescence peak or may have two or more fluorescence peaks in the second wavelength region.
- the fluorescence peak of the second fluorescent coloring agent may be a clear peak (line spectrum) or may be a band spectrum with a width.
- the fluorescence peak is measured using a spectrofluorophotometer “RF-6000” (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) or the like.
- the second fluorescent coloring agent emits green light when being excited with excitation light such as LW light having a wavelength of 350 nm or more and less than 380 nm.
- the second fluorescent coloring agent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include known green fluorescent coloring agents. Further, the second fluorescent coloring agent may be a synthesized fluorescent coloring agent or may be a commercially available product. Examples of the second fluorescent coloring agent include thiophene-based, ⁇ -quinophthalone-based, coumarin-based, bisstyrylbenzene-based, and oxazole-based fluorescent coloring agents. Examples of the commercially available product of the second fluorescent coloring agent include “CARTAX CXDP POWDER” (manufactured by Clariant K.K.).
- the third fluorescent coloring agent will be described.
- the third fluorescent coloring agent has a fluorescence peak in a wavelength region of 600 nm or more and less than 650 nm (hereinafter, also referred to as “third wavelength region”).
- the third fluorescent coloring agent may have only one fluorescence peak or may have two or more fluorescence peaks in the third wavelength region.
- the fluorescence peak of the third fluorescent coloring agent may be a clear peak (line spectrum) or may be a band spectrum with a width.
- the fluorescence peak is measured using a spectrofluorophotometer “RF-6000” (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) or the like.
- the third fluorescent coloring agent emits red light when being excited with excitation light such as UV light having a wavelength of 350 nm or more and less than 380 nm.
- the third fluorescent coloring agent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include known red fluorescent coloring agents. Further, the third fluorescent coloring agent may be a synthesized fluorescent coloring agent or may be a commercially available product. Examples of the third fluorescent coloring agent include ⁇ -quinophthalone-based and europium complex-based fluorescent coloring agents. Examples of the commercially available product of the third fluorescent coloring agent include “LUMILITE NANO R-Y202” (manufactured by SINLOIHI CO., LTD.)
- both fluorescent dye and fluorescent pigment can be used.
- the toner of the embodiment preferably has a fluorescence peak in each of at least two or more wavelength regions among the first wavelength region, the second wavelength region, and the third wavelength region.
- a distance between the maximum peaks in the respective wavelength regions is preferably 50 nm or more apart, more preferably 65 nm or more apart, further more preferably 80 nm or more apart.
- the toner of the embodiment When the distance between the maximum peaks in the respective wavelength regions is 50 nm or more apart, the toner of the embodiment easily emits light of a color other than blue by irradiation with UV light, and has excellent visibility on paper upon irradiation with UV light.
- the maximum peak in each wavelength region refers to a peak with the maximum fluorescence intensity in any of the wavelength regions in which the toner of the embodiment has a fluorescence peak.
- a distance between a fluorescence peak position showing the maximum fluorescence intensity in the first wavelength region and a fluorescence peak position showing the maximum fluorescence intensity in the second wavelength region is preferably 50 nm or more apart.
- the toner of the embodiment preferably satisfies the following formula (1).
- a represents the content (mass %) of the first fluorescent coloring agent with respect to 100 mass % of the total amount of the toner
- b represents the content (mass %) of the second fluorescent coloring agent with respect to 100 mass % of the total amount of the toner
- c represents the content (mass %) of the third fluorescent coloring agent with respect to 100 mass % of the total amount of the toner.
- the above a+b+c is preferably from 0.1 to 45 mass %, more preferably from 0.5 to 30 mass %, furthermore preferably from 2 to 20 mass %.
- the dispersibility of the coloring agent in the toner excels.
- the above a+b+c is not less than the above lower limit, the visibility when the toner is irradiated with UV light excels without increasing the amount of the toner to be adhered to paper or the like.
- the above a is preferably from 0.01 to 35 mass %, more preferably from 0.05 to 23 mass %, further more preferably from 0.1 to 15 mass %.
- the above b is preferably from 0.01 to 21 mass %, more preferably from 0.1 to 14 mass %, further more preferably from 0.5 to 8 mass %.
- the above c is preferably from 0.01 to 21 mass %, more preferably from 0.1 to 14 mass %, further more preferably from 0.5 to 8 mass %.
- the toner of the embodiment preferably contains the first fluorescent coloring agent.
- the toner of the embodiment contains the first fluorescent coloring agent, the luminescence intensity of the toner by irradiation with UV light easily increases, and thus, the visibility upon irradiation with UV light excels.
- a preferred combination of the first fluorescent coloring agent, the second fluorescent coloring agent, and the third fluorescent coloring agent when the toner of the embodiment contains the first fluorescent coloring agent will be described.
- the toner of the embodiment contains the first fluorescent coloring agent and the second fluorescent coloring agent
- the toner easily emits light of magenta color by irradiation with LTV light, and the visibility upon irradiation with UV light excels.
- the toner of the embodiment contains the first fluorescent coloring agent and the third fluorescent coloring agent
- the toner easily emits light of cyan color by irradiation with UV light, and the visibility upon irradiation with LTV light excels.
- the toner of the embodiment more preferably contains the first fluorescent coloring agent, the second fluorescent coloring agent, and the third fluorescent coloring agent.
- the toner of the embodiment contains the first fluorescent coloring agent, the second fluorescent coloring agent, and the third fluorescent coloring agent, the toner easily emits light of white color by irradiation with UV light, and the visibility upon irradiation with UV light particularly excels.
- the “white color” as used herein refers to whiteness to such an extent that the whiteness can be visually perceived.
- the toner of the embodiment contains the first fluorescent coloring agent
- the toner of the embodiment preferably satisfies the following formula (2).
- the a, b, and c in the formula (2) are the same as the a, b, and c in the formula (1).
- the above a/(b+c) is preferably from 0.05 to 3.0, more preferably from 0.1 to 1.5, further more preferably from 0.2 to 1.0.
- the toner easily emits light of a color other than blue by irradiation with UV light, and the visibility on paper upon irradiation with UV light excels.
- the above a/(b+c) is not less than the above lower limit, the luminescence intensity of the toner by irradiation with UV light easily increases, and thus, the visibility excels.
- a more preferred mode of the toner of the embodiment satisfies the following formulae (1) and (2).
- a further more preferred mode of the toner of the embodiment satisfies the following formulae (3) and (4).
- a particularly preferred mode of the toner of the embodiment satisfies the following formulae (5) and (6).
- the toner of the embodiment contains at least two or more fluorescent coloring agents selected from the group consisting of the first fluorescent coloring agent, the second fluorescent coloring agent, and the third fluorescent coloring agent. Therefore, when the toner of the embodiment is excited with excitation light such as UV light having a wavelength of 350 nm or more and less than 380 nm, the toner easily emits light of a color other than blue. In particular, when the toner is printed on paper containing a fluorescent whitening agent, the visibility of light emitted from the toner of the embodiment by irradiation with UV light is improved.
- the toner of the embodiment contains at least two or more fluorescent coloring agents selected from the group consisting of the first fluorescent coloring agent, the second fluorescent coloring agent, and the third fluorescent coloring agent, and a binder resin.
- the binder resin will be described.
- a binder resin of a toner such as a styrenic resin, an ethylenic resin, a polyester resin, an acrylic resin, a phenolic resin, an epoxy-based resin, an allyl phthalate-based resin, a polyamide-based resin, and a maleic acid-based resin.
- the binder resin any one type may be used alone or two or more types may be used in combination.
- polyester resin a polyester resin having favorable fixability is preferred.
- the polyester resin include an amorphous polyester resin and a crystalline polyester resin.
- the binder resin of the embodiment preferably contains a crystalline polyester resin from the viewpoint of imparting excellent low-temperature fixability.
- the binder resin of the embodiment more preferably contains an amorphous polyester resin and a crystalline polyester resin.
- polyester resins having a ratio of a softening point to a melting temperature (softening point/melting temperature) of 0.8 to 1.2 are referred to as “crystalline polyester resins”, and the other polyester resins are referred to as “amorphous polyester resins”.
- Examples of the amorphous polyester resin include resins obtained by condensation polymerization of a dihydric or higher hydric alcohol and a divalent or higher valent carboxylic acid.
- Examples of the divalent or higher valent carboxylic acid include divalent or higher valent carboxylic acids, acid anhydrides thereof, and esters thereof.
- Examples of the ester include lower alkyl (having 1 to 12 carbon atoms) esters of divalent or higher valent carboxylic acids.
- dihydric alcohol an alkylene oxide adduct of bisphenol A is preferred.
- trihydric or higher hydric alcohol sorbitol, 1,4-sorbitan, pentaerythritol, glycerol, or trimethylolpropane is preferred.
- divalent carboxylic acid maleic acid, fumaric acid, terephthalic acid, or succinic acid substituted with an alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms is preferred.
- trivalent or higher valent carboxylic acid 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic acid (trimellitic acid), an acid anhydride thereof, or a lower alkyl (having 1 to 12 carbon atoms) ester thereof is preferred.
- dihydric or higher hydric alcohol and the divalent or higher valent carboxylic acid any one type may be used alone or two or more types may be used in combination.
- a catalyst which accelerates the reaction may be used.
- the catalyst include known catalysts such as dibutyltin oxide, a titanium compound, a dialkoxytin(II), tin(II) oxide, a fatty acid tin(II), tin(II) dioctanoate, and tin(II) distearate.
- Examples of the crystalline polyester resin include resins obtained by condensation polymerization of a dihydric or higher hydric alcohol and a divalent or higher valent carboxylic acid.
- a dihydric or higher hydric alcohol 1,4-butanediol or 1,6-hexanediol is preferred.
- the divalent or higher valent carboxylic acid fumaric acid is preferred.
- the binder resin is obtained by polymerizing one type or a plurality of types of vinyl polymerizable monomers, for example, aromatic vinyl monomers such as styrene, methylstyrene, methoxystyrene, phenyl styrene, and chlorostyrene, ester-based monomers such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, and butyl methacrylate, carboxylic acid-containing monomers such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, fumaric acid, and maleic acid, amine-based monomers such as amino acrylate, acrylamide, methacrylamide, vinylpyridine, and vinylpyrrolidone, and derivatives thereof, and the like.
- aromatic vinyl monomers such as styrene, methylstyrene, methoxystyrene, phenyl styrene, and chlorosty
- the binder resin can also be obtained by polycondensation of a polycondensation-type polymerizable monomer composed of an alcohol component and a carboxylic acid component.
- any of known auxiliary agents to be used in polymerization of a binder resin such as a chain transfer agent, a crosslinking agent, a polymerization initiator, a surfactant, an aggregating agent, a pH adjusting agent, and an anti-foaming agent can be used.
- the toner of the embodiment may contain another additive other than the first fluorescent coloring agent, the second fluorescent coloring agent, the third fluorescent coloring agent, and the binder resin.
- any of known additives such as a charge control agent, a release agent, and antioxidant can be used.
- an ester wax is preferred from the viewpoint that the storage stability of the toner is likely to excel.
- the ester wax can be synthesized from, for example, a long-chain alkyl carboxylic acid and a long-chain alkyl alcohol by an esterification reaction.
- the long-chain alkyl carboxylic acid include palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidonic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, cerotic acid, and montanic acid.
- Examples of the long-chain alkyl alcohol include palmityl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, arachidyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, lignoceryl alcohol, ceryl alcohol, and montanyl alcohol.
- the toner of the embodiment can be produced by, for example, a kneading and pulverization method or a chemical method.
- Examples of the kneading and pulverization method include a production method including a mixing process in which at least two or more fluorescent coloring agents selected from the group consisting of first to third fluorescent coloring agents, a binder resin, etc. are mixed, thereby obtaining a mixture, a kneading process in which the mixture is melt-kneaded, thereby obtaining a kneaded material, and a pulverization process in which the kneaded material is pulverized, thereby obtaining a pulverized material.
- the production method may also include a classification process in which the pulverized material is classified as needed.
- the raw materials of the toner are mixed thereby forming a mixture.
- a mixer to be used in the mixing process a known mixer can be used.
- the mixture formed in the mixing process is melt-kneaded, thereby forming a kneaded material.
- a kneader to be used in the kneading process a known kneader can be used.
- the kneaded material formed in the kneading process is pulverized, thereby forming a pulverized material.
- a known pulverizer such as a hammer mill can be used. Further, the pulverized material obtained by the pulverizer may be further finely pulverized. As a pulverizer that further finely pulverizes the pulverized material, a known pulverizer can be used. The pulverized material obtained by the pulverizing process may be used as a toner as it is, or may be subjected to a classification process as needed and used as a toner.
- the pulverized material obtained in the pulverization process is classified.
- a classifier to be used in the classification process a known classifier can be used.
- At least two or more fluorescent coloring agents selected from the group consisting of first to third fluorescent coloring agents, a binder resin, etc. are mixed, thereby forming a mixture.
- the mixture is melt-kneaded, thereby forming a kneaded material.
- the kneaded material is pulverized and coarsely granulated, thereby forming moderately pulverized particles.
- the moderately pulverized particles are mixed with an aqueous medium, thereby preparing a mixed liquid.
- the mixed liquid is subjected to mechanical shearing, thereby forming a fine particle dispersion liquid.
- the fine particles are aggregated in the fine particle dispersion liquid, thereby forming a toner.
- the thus produced toner may be used as a toner as it is, or may be mixed with an external additive as needed and used as a toner.
- the external additive will be described.
- the external additive is added for improving the fluidity, chargeability, and stability during storage of the toner.
- the external additive include particles composed of an inorganic oxide.
- the inorganic oxide include silica, titania, alumina, strontium titanate, and tin oxide. Further, the particles composed of the inorganic oxide may be subjected to a surface treatment with a hydrophobizing agent from the viewpoint of improvement of stability.
- the volume average particle diameter of a particle group of the particles composed of the inorganic oxide is not particularly limited, but is preferably in a range of 8 to 200 nm.
- the volume average particle diameter of the particle group of the particles is less than the above lower limit, the transfer efficiency of the toner to a transfer belt or paper may be deteriorated.
- the volume average particle diameter of the particle group of the particles exceeds the above upper limit, a photoconductive body may be damaged, or the like.
- the addition amount of the external additive is not particularly limited, but is preferably in a range of 0.2 to 8.0 mass % with respect to the total mass of the toner.
- resin fine particles with a size of 1 ⁇ m or less may be further added.
- the external additive is, for example, mixed with the toner by a mixer.
- the mixer include the same mixers as used in the production method for the toner.
- the external additive may be sieved to separate coarse particles, etc. as needed using a sieving device.
- a sieving device a known device can be used.
- the toner cartridge of the embodiment is configured to include the toner of the embodiment described above in a container.
- a container a known container can be used.
- the toner of the embodiment is used as a one-component developer or a two-component developer by combining the toner with a carrier.
- the image forming apparatus of the embodiment is configured to include the toner of the embodiment described above in an apparatus main body.
- an apparatus main body a general electrophotographic apparatus can be used.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing a schematic structure of the image forming apparatus of the embodiment.
- An image forming apparatus 20 includes an apparatus main body including an intermediate transfer belt 7 , and a first image forming unit 17 A and a second image forming unit 17 B provided in this order on the intermediate transfer belt 7 , and a fixing device 21 provided downstream thereof.
- the first image forming unit 17 A is provided downstream of the second image forming unit 17 B.
- the fixing device 21 is provided downstream of the first image forming unit 17 A.
- the first image forming unit 17 A includes a photoconductive drum 1 a , a cleaning device 16 a , a charging device 2 a , a light exposing device 3 a , a first developing device 4 a , and a primary transfer roller 8 a .
- the cleaning device 16 a , the charging device 2 a , the light exposing device 3 a , and the first developing device 4 a are provided in this order along the rotational direction of the photoconductive drum 1 a .
- the primary transfer roller 8 a is provided on the photoconductive drum 1 a through the intermediate transfer belt 7 so as to face the photoconductive drum 1 a.
- the second image forming unit 17 B includes a photoconductive drum 1 b , a cleaning device 16 b , a charging device 2 b , a light exposing device 3 b , a second developing device 4 b , and a primary transfer roller 8 b .
- the cleaning device 16 b , the charging device 2 b , the light exposing device 3 b , and the second developing device 4 b are provided in this order along the rotational direction of the photoconductive drum 1 b .
- the primary transfer roller 8 b is provided on the photoconductive drum 1 b through the intermediate transfer belt 7 so as to face the photoconductive drum 1 b.
- the toner of the embodiment described above is included.
- This toner may be configured to be supplied from a toner cartridge (not shown).
- a primary transfer power source 14 a is connected to the primary transfer roller 8 a .
- a primary transfer power source 14 b is connected to the primary transfer roller 8 a .
- a secondary transfer roller 9 and a backup roller 10 are disposed so as to face each other through the intermediate transfer belt 7 .
- a secondary transfer power source 15 is connected to the secondary transfer roller 9 .
- the fixing device 21 includes a heat roller 11 and a press roller 12 disposed so as to face each other.
- image formation is performed, for example, as follows.
- the charging device 2 b the photoconductive drum 1 b is uniformly charged.
- the light exposing device 3 b light exposure is performed, whereby an electrostatic latent image is formed.
- the electrostatic latent image is developed using the toner of the embodiment supplied from the developing device 4 b , whereby a second toner image is obtained.
- the charging device 2 a the photoconductive drum 1 a is uniformly charged.
- the light exposing device 3 a light exposure is performed based on the first image information (second toner image), whereby an electrostatic latent image is formed.
- the electrostatic latent image is developed using the toner of the embodiment supplied from the developing device 4 a , whereby a first toner image is obtained.
- the second toner image and the first toner image are transferred in this order onto the intermediate transfer belt 7 using the primary transfer rollers 8 a and 8 b.
- An image in which the second toner image and the first toner image are stacked in this order on the intermediate transfer belt 7 is secondarily transferred onto a recording medium (not shown) through the secondary transfer roller 9 and the backup roller 10 . By doing this, an image in which the first toner image and the second toner image are stacked in this order on the recording medium is formed.
- a developer containing the toner of the embodiment may be applied to the image forming apparatus shown in FIG. 1 .
- the image forming apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is configured to fix a toner image, but is not limited to this configuration, and a configuration employing an inkjet system may be adopted.
- the toner printed on commercially available paper easily emits light of a color other than blue by irradiation with UV light, and therefore, the visibility on paper excels.
- Toners of Examples 1 to 24 and Comparative Example 1 were produced as follows.
- the following toner raw materials were placed and mixed in a Henschel mixer (manufactured by Mitsui Mining Co., Ltd.).
- composition of the toner raw materials is as follows.
- Second fluorescent coloring agent (CARTAX CXDP POWDER): 0.8 parts by mass
- Crystalline polyester resin (endothermic peak temperature (melting point): 100° C.): 10 parts by mass
- Charge control agent (a clathrate compound of a polysaccharide containing aluminum and magnesium): 1 part by mass
- Amorphous polyester resin 79.0 parts by mass Ester wax (endothermic peak temperature (melting point): 70° C.) 5 parts by mass
- a mixture of the above toner raw materials was melt-kneaded using a twin-screw extruder. This melt-kneaded material was cooled and then coarsely pulverized using a hammer mill. Subsequently, this coarsely pulverized material was finely pulverized using a jet pulverizer. Then, this finely pulverized material was classified, whereby a powder was obtained. This powder had a volume average diameter of 7 ⁇ m.
- Example 1 100 parts by mass of the thus obtained powder and the following external additive were placed and mixed in a Henschel mixer (manufactured by Mitsui Mining Co., Ltd.), whereby a toner of Example 1 was produced.
- composition of the external additive is as follows.
- Hydrophobic silica A (trade name “RX50”, manufactured by NIPPON AEROSIL CO., LTD., average primary particle diameter: 35 nm): 1.0 part by mass
- Hydrophobic silica B (trade name “VP SX110”, manufactured by NIPPON AEROSIL CO., LTD., average primary particle diameter: 100 nm): 0.9 parts by mass
- Hydrophobic titanium oxide (trade name “STT-30S”, manufactured by Titan Kogyo, Ltd., average primary particle diameter: 20 nm): 0.5 parts by mass
- Toners of Examples 2 to 23, and Comparative Example 1 were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the toner raw materials were changed according to the composition shown in Table 1.
- the following toner raw materials were placed and mixed in a Henschel mixer (manufactured by Mitsui Mining Co., Ltd.).
- composition of the toner raw materials is as follows.
- Ester wax (endothermic peak temperature (melting point): 70° C.) 5 parts by mass
- Crystalline polyester resin (endothermic peak temperature (melting point): 100° C.): 10 parts by mass
- Amorphous polyester resin 79.0 parts by mass
- Second fluorescent coloring agent (CARTAX CXDP POWDER): 1.1 parts by mass
- Charge control agent (a clathrate compound of a polysaccharide containing aluminum and magnesium): 1 part by mass
- This mixture was melt-kneaded using a twin-screw extruder.
- This kneaded material was cooled and then coarsely pulverized using a hammer mill. Subsequently, this coarsely pulverized material was further pulverized using a pulverizer (manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Corporation), whereby moderately pulverized particles were obtained.
- the moderately pulverized particles had a volume average particle diameter of 59 ⁇ m.
- the obtained mixed liquid was placed in a Nanomizer (YSNM-2000AR, manufactured by Yoshida Kikai Co., Ltd.) and processed repeatedly three times at 120° C. at a processing pressure of 150 MPa, whereby a fine particle dispersion liquid was obtained.
- the volume average particle diameter of the fine particles in the fine particle dispersion liquid was 0.7 ⁇ m (measured using SALD-7000 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) and the pH of the fine particle dispersion liquid was 8.3.
- the fine particle dispersion liquid was diluted such that the solid content concentration was 18 mass %.
- 0.1 M hydrochloric acid was added dropwise to the diluted liquid until the pH reached 7.0.
- the volume average particle diameter of the fine particles in the diluted liquid was 0.83
- 0.1 M hydrochloric acid was added dropwise to the diluted liquid, and when the potential of the fine particles reached ⁇ 30 mV, the dropwise addition was completed.
- the pH at this time was 3.8.
- the temperature of the diluted liquid was raised to 80° C. at a rate of 10° C./min while stirring the diluted liquid with a paddle blade (at 500 rpm), and then the diluted liquid was maintained at 80° C. for one hour. After cooling, the diluted liquid was left to stand overnight. The supernatant in the diluted liquid after being left was transparent, and unaggregated particles were not observed.
- the volume average diameter of the particles in the diluted liquid was 6 ⁇ m, and particles having a volume average diameter of 20 ⁇ m or more were not observed.
- the diluted liquid was dried using a vacuum dryer until the water content was decreased to 0.8 mass % or less, whereby toner particles were obtained.
- the toner particles had a volume average diameter of 6 ⁇ m. 100 parts by mass of the thus obtained toner particles and the following external additive were placed and mixed in a Henschel mixer, whereby a toner of Example 24 was produced.
- composition of the external additive was the same as in Example 1 to 23.
- the wavelength at the maximum peak position measured in a wavelength region of 400 nm or more and less than 500 nm is shown as a first fluorescence peak
- the wavelength at the maximum peak position measured in a wavelength region of 500 nm or more and less than 600 nm is shown as a second fluorescence peak
- the wavelength at the maximum peak position measured in a wavelength region of 600 nm or more and less than 650 nm is shown as a third fluorescence peak.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority from Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-044780, filed Mar. 9, 2017, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- Embodiments described herein relate to a toner, a toner cartridge, and an image forming apparatus.
- A toner which emits fluorescence in a visible light region by irradiation with UV light such as black light is put into practical use in security documents, etc. As the toner which emits fluorescence, a toner which emits fluorescence in a visible light region of red, green, or blue color, each of which is one of the three primary colors of light is known. For example, a toner which emits blue fluorescence by irradiation with black light or the like is known.
- Such a toner is required to have visibility upon irradiation with UV light such as black light.
- In general, commercially available paper contains a fluorescent whitening agent. Paper containing a fluorescent whitening agent emits blue light by irradiation with UV light such as black light. That is, a wavelength region of fluorescence emitted from commercially available paper by irradiation with black light overlaps with a wavelength region of blue fluorescence. Therefore, blue fluorescence emitted from a toner printed on commercially available paper often is hardly distinguished from fluorescence emitted from the commercially available paper. Therefore, the toner which emits blue fluorescence may have insufficient visibility upon irradiation with UV light. Also in a case of a toner which emits green fluorescence, the fluorescence emitted from commercially available paper and the green fluorescence often are hardly distinguished from each other. Therefore, the toner which emits green fluorescence also may have insufficient visibility upon irradiation with UV light.
- A toner which emits red fluorescence often has a weak luminescence intensity of the fluorescence, and therefore may have insufficient visibility upon irradiation with UV light. Further, the toner which emits red fluorescence often has low light resistance and low heat resistance, and therefore may not be of practical use.
- Examples of a method for improving visibility upon irradiation with UV light include a method in which the content of a fluorescent coloring agent in the toner is increased and a method in which the amount of the toner to be adhered to a recording medium such as paper is increased.
- However, when the content of a fluorescent coloring agent in the toner is increased, essential characteristics required for the toner such as dispersibility and low-temperature fixability may be deteriorated. Further, when the amount of the toner to be adhered to paper or the like is increased, even if UV light such as black light is not irradiated, the adhered toner may be easily recognized by the naked eye. Therefore, the above-mentioned methods are not preferred from the viewpoint of security or the like.
- An object of the embodiments herein is to provide a toner having excellent visibility upon irradiation with UV light, a toner cartridge, and an image forming apparatus.
- A toner of an embodiment contains at least two or more fluorescent coloring agents selected from the group consisting of a first fluorescent coloring agent, a second fluorescent coloring agent, and a third fluorescent coloring agent, and a binder resin. The first fluorescent coloring agent has a fluorescence peak in a wavelength region of 400 nm or more and less than 500 nm. The second fluorescent coloring agent has a fluorescence peak in a wavelength region of 500 nm or more and less than 600 nm. The third fluorescent coloring agent has a fluorescence peak in a wavelength region of 600 nm or more and less than 650 nm.
-
FIG. 1 is side view showing an image forming apparatus of an embodiment. - Hereinafter, a toner of an embodiment will be described.
- In general, according to one embodiment, a toner contains at least two or more fluorescent coloring agents selected from the group consisting of a first fluorescent coloring agent, a second fluorescent coloring agent, and a third fluorescent coloring agent, and a binder resin. The “fluorescent coloring agent” refers to a coloring agent which emits fluorescence having a peak in a specific wavelength region by irradiation with UV light such as black light. The “fluorescence peak” refers to a convex portion of a spectrum measured for the intensity of fluorescence emitted from the fluorescent coloring agent by irradiation with UV light.
- The first fluorescent coloring agent will be described.
- The first fluorescent coloring agent has a fluorescence peak in a wavelength region of 400 nm or more and less than 500 nm (hereinafter, also referred to as “first wavelength region”). The first fluorescent coloring agent may have only one fluorescence peak or may have two or more fluorescence peaks in the first wavelength region.
- The fluorescence peak of the first fluorescent coloring agent may be a clear peak (line spectrum) or may be a band spectrum with a width. The fluorescence peak is measured using a spectrofluorophotometer “RF-6000” (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) or the like.
- The first fluorescent coloring agent emits blue light when being excited with excitation light such as UV light having a wavelength of 350 nm or more and less than 380 nm.
- The first fluorescent coloring agent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include known blue fluorescent coloring agents. Further, the first fluorescent coloring agent may be a synthesized fluorescent coloring agent or may be a commercially available product. Examples of the first fluorescent coloring agent include thiophene-based, coumarin-based, bisstyrylbenzene-based, and oxazole-based fluorescent coloring agents. Examples of the commercially available product of the first fluorescent coloring agent include “TINOPAL OB” (manufactured by BASF SE).
- The second fluorescent coloring agent will be described.
- The second fluorescent coloring agent has a fluorescence peak in a wavelength region of 500 nm or more and less than 600 nm (hereinafter, also referred to as “second wavelength region”).
- The second fluorescent coloring agent may have only one fluorescence peak or may have two or more fluorescence peaks in the second wavelength region.
- The fluorescence peak of the second fluorescent coloring agent may be a clear peak (line spectrum) or may be a band spectrum with a width. The fluorescence peak is measured using a spectrofluorophotometer “RF-6000” (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) or the like.
- The second fluorescent coloring agent emits green light when being excited with excitation light such as LW light having a wavelength of 350 nm or more and less than 380 nm.
- The second fluorescent coloring agent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include known green fluorescent coloring agents. Further, the second fluorescent coloring agent may be a synthesized fluorescent coloring agent or may be a commercially available product. Examples of the second fluorescent coloring agent include thiophene-based, β-quinophthalone-based, coumarin-based, bisstyrylbenzene-based, and oxazole-based fluorescent coloring agents. Examples of the commercially available product of the second fluorescent coloring agent include “CARTAX CXDP POWDER” (manufactured by Clariant K.K.).
- The third fluorescent coloring agent will be described.
- The third fluorescent coloring agent has a fluorescence peak in a wavelength region of 600 nm or more and less than 650 nm (hereinafter, also referred to as “third wavelength region”).
- The third fluorescent coloring agent may have only one fluorescence peak or may have two or more fluorescence peaks in the third wavelength region.
- The fluorescence peak of the third fluorescent coloring agent may be a clear peak (line spectrum) or may be a band spectrum with a width. The fluorescence peak is measured using a spectrofluorophotometer “RF-6000” (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) or the like.
- The third fluorescent coloring agent emits red light when being excited with excitation light such as UV light having a wavelength of 350 nm or more and less than 380 nm.
- The third fluorescent coloring agent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include known red fluorescent coloring agents. Further, the third fluorescent coloring agent may be a synthesized fluorescent coloring agent or may be a commercially available product. Examples of the third fluorescent coloring agent include β-quinophthalone-based and europium complex-based fluorescent coloring agents. Examples of the commercially available product of the third fluorescent coloring agent include “LUMILITE NANO R-Y202” (manufactured by SINLOIHI CO., LTD.)
- As the first, second, third fluorescent coloring agents, both fluorescent dye and fluorescent pigment can be used.
- The toner of the embodiment preferably has a fluorescence peak in each of at least two or more wavelength regions among the first wavelength region, the second wavelength region, and the third wavelength region. With respect to the fluorescence peaks of the toner of the embodiment, a distance between the maximum peaks in the respective wavelength regions is preferably 50 nm or more apart, more preferably 65 nm or more apart, further more preferably 80 nm or more apart.
- When the distance between the maximum peaks in the respective wavelength regions is 50 nm or more apart, the toner of the embodiment easily emits light of a color other than blue by irradiation with UV light, and has excellent visibility on paper upon irradiation with UV light.
- The maximum peak in each wavelength region refers to a peak with the maximum fluorescence intensity in any of the wavelength regions in which the toner of the embodiment has a fluorescence peak. For example, explanation will be made by showing a case where the toner of the embodiment has a fluorescence peak in each of the first wavelength region and the second wavelength region as an example. In this case, a distance between a fluorescence peak position showing the maximum fluorescence intensity in the first wavelength region and a fluorescence peak position showing the maximum fluorescence intensity in the second wavelength region is preferably 50 nm or more apart.
- The toner of the embodiment preferably satisfies the following formula (1).
-
0.1 mass %≤a+b+c≤45 mass % (1) - In the formula (1), a represents the content (mass %) of the first fluorescent coloring agent with respect to 100 mass % of the total amount of the toner, b represents the content (mass %) of the second fluorescent coloring agent with respect to 100 mass % of the total amount of the toner, and c represents the content (mass %) of the third fluorescent coloring agent with respect to 100 mass % of the total amount of the toner.
- The above a+b+c is preferably from 0.1 to 45 mass %, more preferably from 0.5 to 30 mass %, furthermore preferably from 2 to 20 mass %. When the above a+b+c is not more than the above upper limit, the dispersibility of the coloring agent in the toner excels. When the above a+b+c is not less than the above lower limit, the visibility when the toner is irradiated with UV light excels without increasing the amount of the toner to be adhered to paper or the like.
- The above a is preferably from 0.01 to 35 mass %, more preferably from 0.05 to 23 mass %, further more preferably from 0.1 to 15 mass %.
- The above b is preferably from 0.01 to 21 mass %, more preferably from 0.1 to 14 mass %, further more preferably from 0.5 to 8 mass %.
- The above c is preferably from 0.01 to 21 mass %, more preferably from 0.1 to 14 mass %, further more preferably from 0.5 to 8 mass %.
- When a, b, and c are within the above-mentioned preferred ranges, respectively, a toner having excellent dispersibility and excellent visibility upon irradiation with UV light is easily obtained.
- The toner of the embodiment preferably contains the first fluorescent coloring agent.
- When the toner of the embodiment contains the first fluorescent coloring agent, the luminescence intensity of the toner by irradiation with UV light easily increases, and thus, the visibility upon irradiation with UV light excels.
- A preferred combination of the first fluorescent coloring agent, the second fluorescent coloring agent, and the third fluorescent coloring agent when the toner of the embodiment contains the first fluorescent coloring agent will be described.
- When the toner of the embodiment contains the first fluorescent coloring agent and the second fluorescent coloring agent, the toner easily emits light of magenta color by irradiation with LTV light, and the visibility upon irradiation with UV light excels. When the toner of the embodiment contains the first fluorescent coloring agent and the third fluorescent coloring agent, the toner easily emits light of cyan color by irradiation with UV light, and the visibility upon irradiation with LTV light excels.
- The toner of the embodiment more preferably contains the first fluorescent coloring agent, the second fluorescent coloring agent, and the third fluorescent coloring agent.
- When the toner of the embodiment contains the first fluorescent coloring agent, the second fluorescent coloring agent, and the third fluorescent coloring agent, the toner easily emits light of white color by irradiation with UV light, and the visibility upon irradiation with UV light particularly excels. Incidentally, the “white color” as used herein refers to whiteness to such an extent that the whiteness can be visually perceived.
- When the toner of the embodiment contains the first fluorescent coloring agent, the toner of the embodiment preferably satisfies the following formula (2).
-
0.05≤a/(b+c)≤3.0 (2) - The a, b, and c in the formula (2) are the same as the a, b, and c in the formula (1).
- The above a/(b+c) is preferably from 0.05 to 3.0, more preferably from 0.1 to 1.5, further more preferably from 0.2 to 1.0. When the above a/(b+c) is not more than the above upper limit, the toner easily emits light of a color other than blue by irradiation with UV light, and the visibility on paper upon irradiation with UV light excels. When the above a/(b+c) is not less than the above lower limit, the luminescence intensity of the toner by irradiation with UV light easily increases, and thus, the visibility excels.
- A more preferred mode of the toner of the embodiment satisfies the following formulae (1) and (2).
-
0.1≤a+b+c≤45 (1) -
0.05≤a/(b+c)≤3.0 (2) - A further more preferred mode of the toner of the embodiment satisfies the following formulae (3) and (4).
-
0.5≤a+b+c≤30 (3) -
0.1≤a/(b+c)≤1.5 (4) - A particularly preferred mode of the toner of the embodiment satisfies the following formulae (5) and (6).
-
2≤a+b+c≤20 (5) -
0.2≤a/(b+c)≤1.0 (6) - The toner of the embodiment contains at least two or more fluorescent coloring agents selected from the group consisting of the first fluorescent coloring agent, the second fluorescent coloring agent, and the third fluorescent coloring agent. Therefore, when the toner of the embodiment is excited with excitation light such as UV light having a wavelength of 350 nm or more and less than 380 nm, the toner easily emits light of a color other than blue. In particular, when the toner is printed on paper containing a fluorescent whitening agent, the visibility of light emitted from the toner of the embodiment by irradiation with UV light is improved.
- The toner of the embodiment contains at least two or more fluorescent coloring agents selected from the group consisting of the first fluorescent coloring agent, the second fluorescent coloring agent, and the third fluorescent coloring agent, and a binder resin.
- The binder resin will be described.
- Examples of the binder resin which may be contained in the toner of the embodiment include known resins to be used as a binder resin of a toner such as a styrenic resin, an ethylenic resin, a polyester resin, an acrylic resin, a phenolic resin, an epoxy-based resin, an allyl phthalate-based resin, a polyamide-based resin, and a maleic acid-based resin. As the binder resin, any one type may be used alone or two or more types may be used in combination.
- As the binder resin, a polyester resin having favorable fixability is preferred. Examples of the polyester resin include an amorphous polyester resin and a crystalline polyester resin. The binder resin of the embodiment preferably contains a crystalline polyester resin from the viewpoint of imparting excellent low-temperature fixability. The binder resin of the embodiment more preferably contains an amorphous polyester resin and a crystalline polyester resin. Incidentally, in the embodiment, polyester resins having a ratio of a softening point to a melting temperature (softening point/melting temperature) of 0.8 to 1.2 are referred to as “crystalline polyester resins”, and the other polyester resins are referred to as “amorphous polyester resins”.
- Examples of the amorphous polyester resin include resins obtained by condensation polymerization of a dihydric or higher hydric alcohol and a divalent or higher valent carboxylic acid. Examples of the divalent or higher valent carboxylic acid include divalent or higher valent carboxylic acids, acid anhydrides thereof, and esters thereof. Examples of the ester include lower alkyl (having 1 to 12 carbon atoms) esters of divalent or higher valent carboxylic acids.
- As the dihydric alcohol, an alkylene oxide adduct of bisphenol A is preferred. As the trihydric or higher hydric alcohol, sorbitol, 1,4-sorbitan, pentaerythritol, glycerol, or trimethylolpropane is preferred. As the divalent carboxylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, terephthalic acid, or succinic acid substituted with an alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms is preferred. As the trivalent or higher valent carboxylic acid, 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic acid (trimellitic acid), an acid anhydride thereof, or a lower alkyl (having 1 to 12 carbon atoms) ester thereof is preferred. As the dihydric or higher hydric alcohol and the divalent or higher valent carboxylic acid, any one type may be used alone or two or more types may be used in combination.
- When the above-mentioned dihydric or higher hydric alcohol and divalent or higher valent carboxylic acid are subjected to condensation polymerization, a catalyst which accelerates the reaction may be used. Examples of the catalyst include known catalysts such as dibutyltin oxide, a titanium compound, a dialkoxytin(II), tin(II) oxide, a fatty acid tin(II), tin(II) dioctanoate, and tin(II) distearate.
- Examples of the crystalline polyester resin include resins obtained by condensation polymerization of a dihydric or higher hydric alcohol and a divalent or higher valent carboxylic acid. As the dihydric or higher hydric alcohol, 1,4-butanediol or 1,6-hexanediol is preferred. As the divalent or higher valent carboxylic acid, fumaric acid is preferred.
- The binder resin is obtained by polymerizing one type or a plurality of types of vinyl polymerizable monomers, for example, aromatic vinyl monomers such as styrene, methylstyrene, methoxystyrene, phenyl styrene, and chlorostyrene, ester-based monomers such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, and butyl methacrylate, carboxylic acid-containing monomers such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, fumaric acid, and maleic acid, amine-based monomers such as amino acrylate, acrylamide, methacrylamide, vinylpyridine, and vinylpyrrolidone, and derivatives thereof, and the like.
- The binder resin can also be obtained by polycondensation of a polycondensation-type polymerizable monomer composed of an alcohol component and a carboxylic acid component.
- In the polymerization of the polymerizable monomer, any of known auxiliary agents to be used in polymerization of a binder resin such as a chain transfer agent, a crosslinking agent, a polymerization initiator, a surfactant, an aggregating agent, a pH adjusting agent, and an anti-foaming agent can be used.
- The toner of the embodiment may contain another additive other than the first fluorescent coloring agent, the second fluorescent coloring agent, the third fluorescent coloring agent, and the binder resin.
- As another additive, any of known additives such as a charge control agent, a release agent, and antioxidant can be used.
- As the release agent, an ester wax is preferred from the viewpoint that the storage stability of the toner is likely to excel. The ester wax can be synthesized from, for example, a long-chain alkyl carboxylic acid and a long-chain alkyl alcohol by an esterification reaction. Examples of the long-chain alkyl carboxylic acid include palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidonic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, cerotic acid, and montanic acid. Examples of the long-chain alkyl alcohol include palmityl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, arachidyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, lignoceryl alcohol, ceryl alcohol, and montanyl alcohol.
- A production method for a toner will be described.
- The toner of the embodiment can be produced by, for example, a kneading and pulverization method or a chemical method.
- Examples of the kneading and pulverization method include a production method including a mixing process in which at least two or more fluorescent coloring agents selected from the group consisting of first to third fluorescent coloring agents, a binder resin, etc. are mixed, thereby obtaining a mixture, a kneading process in which the mixture is melt-kneaded, thereby obtaining a kneaded material, and a pulverization process in which the kneaded material is pulverized, thereby obtaining a pulverized material. The production method may also include a classification process in which the pulverized material is classified as needed.
- In the mixing process, the raw materials of the toner are mixed thereby forming a mixture. As a mixer to be used in the mixing process, a known mixer can be used.
- In the kneading process, the mixture formed in the mixing process is melt-kneaded, thereby forming a kneaded material. As a kneader to be used in the kneading process, a known kneader can be used.
- In the pulverization process, the kneaded material formed in the kneading process is pulverized, thereby forming a pulverized material.
- As a pulverizer to be used in the pulverization process, a known pulverizer such as a hammer mill can be used. Further, the pulverized material obtained by the pulverizer may be further finely pulverized. As a pulverizer that further finely pulverizes the pulverized material, a known pulverizer can be used. The pulverized material obtained by the pulverizing process may be used as a toner as it is, or may be subjected to a classification process as needed and used as a toner.
- In the classification process, the pulverized material obtained in the pulverization process is classified. As a classifier to be used in the classification process, a known classifier can be used.
- The chemical method which is the production method for the toner of the embodiment will be described.
- In the chemical method, at least two or more fluorescent coloring agents selected from the group consisting of first to third fluorescent coloring agents, a binder resin, etc. are mixed, thereby forming a mixture. Subsequently, the mixture is melt-kneaded, thereby forming a kneaded material. Subsequently, the kneaded material is pulverized and coarsely granulated, thereby forming moderately pulverized particles. Subsequently, the moderately pulverized particles are mixed with an aqueous medium, thereby preparing a mixed liquid. Subsequently, the mixed liquid is subjected to mechanical shearing, thereby forming a fine particle dispersion liquid. Finally, the fine particles are aggregated in the fine particle dispersion liquid, thereby forming a toner.
- The thus produced toner may be used as a toner as it is, or may be mixed with an external additive as needed and used as a toner.
- The external additive will be described.
- The external additive is added for improving the fluidity, chargeability, and stability during storage of the toner. Examples of the external additive include particles composed of an inorganic oxide. Examples of the inorganic oxide include silica, titania, alumina, strontium titanate, and tin oxide. Further, the particles composed of the inorganic oxide may be subjected to a surface treatment with a hydrophobizing agent from the viewpoint of improvement of stability.
- The volume average particle diameter of a particle group of the particles composed of the inorganic oxide is not particularly limited, but is preferably in a range of 8 to 200 nm. When the volume average particle diameter of the particle group of the particles is less than the above lower limit, the transfer efficiency of the toner to a transfer belt or paper may be deteriorated. When the volume average particle diameter of the particle group of the particles exceeds the above upper limit, a photoconductive body may be damaged, or the like.
- As the external additive, anyone type may be used alone or two or more types may be used in combination.
- The addition amount of the external additive is not particularly limited, but is preferably in a range of 0.2 to 8.0 mass % with respect to the total mass of the toner. To the toner, in addition to the particles composed of the inorganic oxide, resin fine particles with a size of 1 μm or less may be further added.
- A method for adding the external additive will be described.
- The external additive is, for example, mixed with the toner by a mixer. Examples of the mixer include the same mixers as used in the production method for the toner.
- The external additive may be sieved to separate coarse particles, etc. as needed using a sieving device. As the sieving device, a known device can be used.
- Hereinafter, a toner cartridge of an embodiment will be described.
- The toner cartridge of the embodiment is configured to include the toner of the embodiment described above in a container. As the container, a known container can be used.
- The toner of the embodiment is used as a one-component developer or a two-component developer by combining the toner with a carrier.
- Hereinafter, an image forming apparatus of an embodiment will described with reference to the drawing.
- The image forming apparatus of the embodiment is configured to include the toner of the embodiment described above in an apparatus main body. As the apparatus main body, a general electrophotographic apparatus can be used.
-
FIG. 1 is a view showing a schematic structure of the image forming apparatus of the embodiment. - An
image forming apparatus 20 includes an apparatus main body including anintermediate transfer belt 7, and a firstimage forming unit 17A and a secondimage forming unit 17B provided in this order on theintermediate transfer belt 7, and a fixingdevice 21 provided downstream thereof. Along the running direction X of theintermediate transfer belt 7, that is, along the direction of the progress of the image forming process, the firstimage forming unit 17A is provided downstream of the secondimage forming unit 17B. The fixingdevice 21 is provided downstream of the firstimage forming unit 17A. - The first
image forming unit 17A includes aphotoconductive drum 1 a, acleaning device 16 a, acharging device 2 a, alight exposing device 3 a, a first developingdevice 4 a, and aprimary transfer roller 8 a. Thecleaning device 16 a, the chargingdevice 2 a, thelight exposing device 3 a, and the first developingdevice 4 a are provided in this order along the rotational direction of thephotoconductive drum 1 a. Theprimary transfer roller 8 a is provided on thephotoconductive drum 1 a through theintermediate transfer belt 7 so as to face thephotoconductive drum 1 a. - The second
image forming unit 17B includes aphotoconductive drum 1 b, acleaning device 16 b, acharging device 2 b, alight exposing device 3 b, a second developingdevice 4 b, and aprimary transfer roller 8 b. Thecleaning device 16 b, the chargingdevice 2 b, thelight exposing device 3 b, and the second developingdevice 4 b are provided in this order along the rotational direction of thephotoconductive drum 1 b. Theprimary transfer roller 8 b is provided on thephotoconductive drum 1 b through theintermediate transfer belt 7 so as to face thephotoconductive drum 1 b. - In the first developing
device 4 a and in the second developingdevice 4 b, the toner of the embodiment described above is included. This toner may be configured to be supplied from a toner cartridge (not shown). - To the
primary transfer roller 8 a, a primarytransfer power source 14 a is connected. To theprimary transfer roller 8 b, a primarytransfer power source 14 b is connected. - To downstream of the first
image forming unit 17A, a secondary transfer roller 9 and abackup roller 10 are disposed so as to face each other through theintermediate transfer belt 7. To the secondary transfer roller 9, a secondarytransfer power source 15 is connected. - The fixing
device 21 includes aheat roller 11 and apress roller 12 disposed so as to face each other. - By the
image forming apparatus 20, image formation is performed, for example, as follows. - First, by the charging
device 2 b, thephotoconductive drum 1 b is uniformly charged. Subsequently, by thelight exposing device 3 b, light exposure is performed, whereby an electrostatic latent image is formed. Subsequently, the electrostatic latent image is developed using the toner of the embodiment supplied from the developingdevice 4 b, whereby a second toner image is obtained. - Subsequently, by the charging
device 2 a, thephotoconductive drum 1 a is uniformly charged. Subsequently, by thelight exposing device 3 a, light exposure is performed based on the first image information (second toner image), whereby an electrostatic latent image is formed. Subsequently, the electrostatic latent image is developed using the toner of the embodiment supplied from the developingdevice 4 a, whereby a first toner image is obtained. - The second toner image and the first toner image are transferred in this order onto the
intermediate transfer belt 7 using theprimary transfer rollers - An image in which the second toner image and the first toner image are stacked in this order on the
intermediate transfer belt 7 is secondarily transferred onto a recording medium (not shown) through the secondary transfer roller 9 and thebackup roller 10. By doing this, an image in which the first toner image and the second toner image are stacked in this order on the recording medium is formed. - A developer containing the toner of the embodiment may be applied to the image forming apparatus shown in
FIG. 1 . The image forming apparatus shown inFIG. 1 is configured to fix a toner image, but is not limited to this configuration, and a configuration employing an inkjet system may be adopted. - According to the toner of at least one embodiment described above, the toner printed on commercially available paper easily emits light of a color other than blue by irradiation with UV light, and therefore, the visibility on paper excels.
- Hereinafter, embodiments will be more specifically described by showing Examples.
- Toners of Examples 1 to 24 and Comparative Example 1 were produced as follows.
- The following toner raw materials were placed and mixed in a Henschel mixer (manufactured by Mitsui Mining Co., Ltd.).
- The composition of the toner raw materials is as follows.
- First fluorescent coloring agent (TINOPAL OB): 3.7 parts by mass
- Second fluorescent coloring agent (CARTAX CXDP POWDER): 0.8 parts by mass
- Third fluorescent coloring agent (LUMILITE NANO R-Y202): 0.5 parts by mass
- Crystalline polyester resin (endothermic peak temperature (melting point): 100° C.): 10 parts by mass
- Charge control agent (a clathrate compound of a polysaccharide containing aluminum and magnesium): 1 part by mass
- Amorphous polyester resin: 79.0 parts by mass Ester wax (endothermic peak temperature (melting point): 70° C.) 5 parts by mass
- A mixture of the above toner raw materials was melt-kneaded using a twin-screw extruder. This melt-kneaded material was cooled and then coarsely pulverized using a hammer mill. Subsequently, this coarsely pulverized material was finely pulverized using a jet pulverizer. Then, this finely pulverized material was classified, whereby a powder was obtained. This powder had a volume average diameter of 7 μm.
- 100 parts by mass of the thus obtained powder and the following external additive were placed and mixed in a Henschel mixer (manufactured by Mitsui Mining Co., Ltd.), whereby a toner of Example 1 was produced.
- The composition of the external additive is as follows.
- Hydrophobic silica A (trade name “RX50”, manufactured by NIPPON AEROSIL CO., LTD., average primary particle diameter: 35 nm): 1.0 part by mass
- Hydrophobic silica B (trade name “VP SX110”, manufactured by NIPPON AEROSIL CO., LTD., average primary particle diameter: 100 nm): 0.9 parts by mass
- Hydrophobic titanium oxide (trade name “STT-30S”, manufactured by Titan Kogyo, Ltd., average primary particle diameter: 20 nm): 0.5 parts by mass
- Toners of Examples 2 to 23, and Comparative Example 1 were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the toner raw materials were changed according to the composition shown in Table 1.
- The following toner raw materials were placed and mixed in a Henschel mixer (manufactured by Mitsui Mining Co., Ltd.).
- The composition of the toner raw materials is as follows.
- Ester wax (endothermic peak temperature (melting point): 70° C.) 5 parts by mass
- Crystalline polyester resin (endothermic peak temperature (melting point): 100° C.): 10 parts by mass
- Amorphous polyester resin: 79.0 parts by mass
- First fluorescent coloring agent (TINOPAL OB): 2.8 parts by mass
- Second fluorescent coloring agent (CARTAX CXDP POWDER): 1.1 parts by mass
- Third fluorescent coloring agent (LUMILITE NANO R-Y202): 1.1 parts by mass
- Charge control agent (a clathrate compound of a polysaccharide containing aluminum and magnesium): 1 part by mass
- This mixture was melt-kneaded using a twin-screw extruder. This kneaded material was cooled and then coarsely pulverized using a hammer mill. Subsequently, this coarsely pulverized material was further pulverized using a pulverizer (manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Corporation), whereby moderately pulverized particles were obtained. The moderately pulverized particles had a volume average particle diameter of 59 μm.
- 30 parts by mass of the moderately pulverized particles, 1 part by mass of an anionic surfactant (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate), 1 part by mass of triethylamine, and 68 parts by mass of ion exchanged water were placed and stirred in a homogenizer (manufactured by IKA Corporation), whereby a mixed liquid was obtained.
- The obtained mixed liquid was placed in a Nanomizer (YSNM-2000AR, manufactured by Yoshida Kikai Co., Ltd.) and processed repeatedly three times at 120° C. at a processing pressure of 150 MPa, whereby a fine particle dispersion liquid was obtained. The volume average particle diameter of the fine particles in the fine particle dispersion liquid was 0.7 μm (measured using SALD-7000 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) and the pH of the fine particle dispersion liquid was 8.3.
- Subsequently, the fine particle dispersion liquid was diluted such that the solid content concentration was 18 mass %. While maintaining the temperature of the diluted liquid at 30° C., 0.1 M hydrochloric acid was added dropwise to the diluted liquid until the pH reached 7.0. The volume average particle diameter of the fine particles in the diluted liquid was 0.83 Further, 0.1 M hydrochloric acid was added dropwise to the diluted liquid, and when the potential of the fine particles reached −30 mV, the dropwise addition was completed. The pH at this time was 3.8.
- Subsequently, the temperature of the diluted liquid was raised to 80° C. at a rate of 10° C./min while stirring the diluted liquid with a paddle blade (at 500 rpm), and then the diluted liquid was maintained at 80° C. for one hour. After cooling, the diluted liquid was left to stand overnight. The supernatant in the diluted liquid after being left was transparent, and unaggregated particles were not observed. The volume average diameter of the particles in the diluted liquid was 6 μm, and particles having a volume average diameter of 20 μm or more were not observed. The diluted liquid was dried using a vacuum dryer until the water content was decreased to 0.8 mass % or less, whereby toner particles were obtained. The toner particles had a volume average diameter of 6 μm. 100 parts by mass of the thus obtained toner particles and the following external additive were placed and mixed in a Henschel mixer, whereby a toner of Example 24 was produced.
- The composition of the external additive was the same as in Example 1 to 23.
- Subsequently, 6 parts by mass of each of the toners of Examples 1 to 24 and Comparative Example 1 and 100 parts by mass of a ferrite carrier surface-coated with a silicone resin and having an average particle diameter of 40 μm were stirred in a Turbula mixer, whereby a developer was prepared. By using this developer, the fluorescence peak and visibility of each of the above toners were evaluated as follows.
- A measurement method for a fluorescence peak wavelength will be described.
- 3.0 g of each of the toners of Examples 1 to 24 and Comparative Example 1 was formed into a pellet having a diameter of 3 cm and a thickness of 2 mm. With respect to the prepared pellet, an image luminescence intensity was measured using a spectrofluorophotometer “RF-6000” (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). The measurement conditions were set as follows: excitation wavelength: 370 nm, fluorescence start wavelength: 300 nm, fluorescence end wavelength: 700 nm, and scan speed: 6000 nm/min. The maximum peak position of the measured fluorescence spectrum was read and recorded as the fluorescence peak wavelength. The measurement results are shown in Table 1. In Table 1, the wavelength at the maximum peak position measured in a wavelength region of 400 nm or more and less than 500 nm is shown as a first fluorescence peak, the wavelength at the maximum peak position measured in a wavelength region of 500 nm or more and less than 600 nm is shown as a second fluorescence peak, and the wavelength at the maximum peak position measured in a wavelength region of 600 nm or more and less than 650 nm is shown as a third fluorescence peak.
-
TABLE 1 First Second Third fluorescent fluorescent fluorescent coloring coloring coloring Amorphous agent agent agent polyester Fluorescence peak wavelength [nm] Addition Addition Addition resin First Second Third amount [%] amount [%] amount [%] Addition fluorescence fluorescence fluorescence a b c amount [%] a/(b + c) a + b + c peak peak peak Visibility Example 1 3.70 0.80 0.50 79.0 2.85 5.0 470 550 620 B Example 2 2.80 1.10 1.10 79.0 1.27 5.0 470 550 620 B Example 3 1.90 1.00 2.10 79.0 0.61 5.0 470 550 620 A Example 4 1.70 1.65 1.65 79.0 0.52 5.0 470 550 620 A Example 5 3.60 1.40 0.00 79.0 2.57 5.0 470 550 — B Example 6 2.90 2.10 0.00 79.0 1.38 5.0 470 550 — B Example 7 2.00 3.00 0.00 79.0 0.67 5.0 470 550 — A Example 8 1.67 0.00 3.33 79.0 0.50 5.0 470 — 620 A Example 9 0.00 2.67 2.33 79.0 0.00 5.0 — 550 620 B Example 10 11.25 3.75 0.00 69.0 3.00 15.0 470 550 — B Example 11 10.00 2.00 3.00 69.0 2.00 15.0 470 550 620 B Example 12 5.00 0.00 10.00 69.0 0.50 15.0 470 — 620 A Example 13 3.40 5.80 5.80 69.0 0.29 15.0 470 550 620 A Example 14 0.20 0.20 0.10 83.5 0.67 0.5 470 550 620 B Example 15 0.07 0.43 0.00 83.5 0.16 0.5 470 550 — B Example 16 0.00 0.30 0.20 83.5 0.00 0.5 — 550 620 C Example 17 4.68 0.66 0.66 78.0 3.55 6.0 470 550 620 C Example 18 7.60 0.80 1.60 74.0 3.17 10.0 470 550 620 C Example 19 12.00 1.80 1.20 69.0 4.00 15.0 470 550 620 C Example 20 0.034 0.033 0.033 83.9 0.52 0.1 470 550 620 C Example 21 0.050 0.475 0.475 83.0 0.05 1.0 470 550 620 B Example 22 21.00 5.50 3.50 54.0 2.33 30.0 470 550 620 B Example 23 33.70 5.00 6.30 39.0 2.98 45.0 470 550 620 B Example 24 2.80 1.10 1.10 79.0 1.27 5.0 470 550 620 B Comparative 5.00 0.00 0.00 79.0 — 5.0 470 — — D Example 1 - An evaluation method for visibility will be described.
- By using commercially available e-studio 5005 (manufactured by Toshiba Tec Corporation), a solid image was obtained at a toner adhesion amount of around 1.0 mg/cm2 on 90 g/m2 paper manufactured by Mondi Limited and containing a fluorescent whitening agent. When the obtained solid image was irradiated with black light (wavelength: 370 nm), a case where visible light of a color other than blue could be clearly recognized was evaluated as “A”, a case where visible light of a color other than blue could be recognized was evaluated as “B”, a case where visible light of a color other than blue could be slightly recognized was evaluated as “C”, and a case where visible light of a color other than blue could not be recognized was evaluated as “D”. As shown in Table 1, the toners of Examples were all evaluated as “A”, “B”, or “C”.
- While certain embodiments have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of example only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the inventions. Indeed, the novel embodiments described herein may be embodied in a variety of other forms, furthermore various omissions, substitutions and changes in the form of the embodiments described herein may be made without departing from the spirit of the inventions. The accompanying claims and their equivalents are intended to cover such forms or modifications as would fall within the scope and spirit of the invention.
Claims (21)
0.05≤a/(b+c)≤3.0 (2),
0.1≤a/(b+c)≤1.5 (4).
0.2≤a/(b+c)≤1.0 (6).
0.1≤a+b+c≤45 (1),
0.5≤a+b+c≤30 (3).
2≤a+b+c≤20 (5).
0.1≤a+b+c≤45 (1), and
0.05≤a/(b+c)≤3.0 (2),
0.5≤a+b+c≤30 (3), and
0.1≤a/(b+c)≤1.5 (4).
2≤a+b+c≤20 (5), and
0.2≤a/(b+c)≤1.0 (6).
0.05≤a/(b+c)≤3.0 (2),
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2017-044780 | 2017-03-09 | ||
JP2017044780A JP6895279B2 (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2017-03-09 | Toner, toner cartridge and image forming device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US10073367B1 US10073367B1 (en) | 2018-09-11 |
US20180259868A1 true US20180259868A1 (en) | 2018-09-13 |
Family
ID=61569112
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US15/485,415 Active US10073367B1 (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2017-04-12 | Toner, toner cartridge, and image forming apparatus |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10073367B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3373072B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6895279B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN108572519B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017157429A1 (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2017-09-21 | Hp Indigo B.V. | Security liquid electrostatic ink composition |
US10663877B2 (en) | 2018-02-06 | 2020-05-26 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Image forming apparatus, toner cartridge set, toner image, and image forming method |
JP7467974B2 (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2024-04-16 | 富士フイルムビジネスイノベーション株式会社 | Resin particles |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0970573A (en) * | 1995-09-05 | 1997-03-18 | Tec Corp | Coating device |
JPH1180632A (en) * | 1997-09-08 | 1999-03-26 | Toshiba Tec Kk | Invisible fluorescent ink |
JP3820915B2 (en) * | 2001-05-29 | 2006-09-13 | カシオ電子工業株式会社 | Printing device |
JP4533150B2 (en) * | 2003-05-02 | 2010-09-01 | キヤノン株式会社 | Printing ink having a plurality of fluorescent color materials and inkjet recording method |
JP2006008851A (en) * | 2004-06-25 | 2006-01-12 | Canon Inc | Ink for judgment, inkjet recording device using the same and mailing system-judging method |
JP2006249354A (en) * | 2005-03-14 | 2006-09-21 | Canon Inc | Water-based fluorescent printing ink and recording method |
JP2006249355A (en) * | 2005-03-14 | 2006-09-21 | Canon Inc | Water-based fluorescent printing ink and recording method |
US7549592B2 (en) | 2006-10-31 | 2009-06-23 | Xerox Corporation | Method for embedding machine-readable information with fluorescent materials |
US7927409B2 (en) | 2007-03-23 | 2011-04-19 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Multi-colored images viewable under non-visible radiation |
US20110143274A1 (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2011-06-16 | Xerox Corporation | Toner processes |
US8916317B2 (en) | 2009-12-10 | 2014-12-23 | Xerox Corporation | Toner processes |
US8901517B2 (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2014-12-02 | Xerox Corporation | Fluorescent security phase change ink |
KR102032961B1 (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2019-10-17 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | Method for crystallizing a silicon substrate |
JP5880410B2 (en) | 2012-11-29 | 2016-03-09 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Transparent toner for developing electrostatic image, electrostatic image developer, toner cartridge, developer cartridge, process cartridge, image forming apparatus, and image forming method |
US8974993B2 (en) | 2013-01-15 | 2015-03-10 | Xerox Corporation | UV red fluorescent EA toner |
US8936893B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-01-20 | Eastman Kodak Company | Fluorescing yellow toner particles and methods of use |
JP2015161887A (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2015-09-07 | 株式会社リコー | Red toner for electrostatic charge image development, developer, and image forming apparatus |
JP6473334B2 (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2019-02-20 | 株式会社沖データ | Toner, toner cartridge, developing device, image forming apparatus, and toner manufacturing method |
-
2017
- 2017-03-09 JP JP2017044780A patent/JP6895279B2/en active Active
- 2017-04-12 US US15/485,415 patent/US10073367B1/en active Active
-
2018
- 2018-01-22 CN CN201810058208.7A patent/CN108572519B/en active Active
- 2018-03-05 EP EP18160006.5A patent/EP3373072B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP6895279B2 (en) | 2021-06-30 |
CN108572519A (en) | 2018-09-25 |
US10073367B1 (en) | 2018-09-11 |
CN108572519B (en) | 2022-12-20 |
EP3373072B1 (en) | 2022-05-11 |
JP2018146920A (en) | 2018-09-20 |
EP3373072A1 (en) | 2018-09-12 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP3373072B1 (en) | Toner, toner cartridge, and image forming apparatus | |
KR20080063645A (en) | Hybrid toner and process for preparing the same | |
JP2012063766A (en) | Method for producing toner | |
US11022907B2 (en) | Image forming apparatus, toner cartridge set, toner image, and image forming method | |
JP2008039822A (en) | Color toner and image forming apparatus | |
JP2006323112A (en) | Electrophotographic toner | |
JP2022029612A (en) | Toner, toner cartridge, and image forming apparatus | |
JP2022041423A (en) | Toner, toner cartridge, and image forming apparatus | |
JP4414121B2 (en) | Toner for electrophotography | |
JP2008039824A (en) | Toner for electrostatic image development and image forming apparatus | |
JP4492263B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of color toner for light fixing | |
JP7495827B2 (en) | Toner, toner cartridge, image forming apparatus | |
US11853005B2 (en) | Toner, toner cartridge, and image forming apparatus | |
US20210397109A1 (en) | Toner, toner cartridge, and image forming apparatus | |
JP7365271B2 (en) | Toner, toner cartridge, image forming device | |
JP5289002B2 (en) | Non-magnetic toner | |
JP3539715B2 (en) | Negatively chargeable toner | |
KR20090058945A (en) | Toner particle and electrophotographic image forming device comprising the same | |
JP2022189315A (en) | Toner, toner cartridge, and image forming apparatus | |
JP2007328033A (en) | Electrophotographic toner, method for manufacturing the same and image forming apparatus | |
JP2011034013A (en) | Toner and toner production method | |
JP2008176205A (en) | Toner for optical fixing, electrostatic charge image developer, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus | |
JP2002202637A (en) | Electrophotographic carrier, developer using the same and development method for the same | |
JP2005195694A (en) | Electrostatic charge image developing toner | |
JP2007304622A (en) | Toner for electrostatic image development |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: TOSHIBA TEC KABUSHIKI KAISHA, JAPAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:MORIYA, SHIHO;REEL/FRAME:041981/0295 Effective date: 20170411 Owner name: KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOSHIBA, JAPAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:MORIYA, SHIHO;REEL/FRAME:041981/0295 Effective date: 20170411 |
|
STCF | Information on status: patent grant |
Free format text: PATENTED CASE |
|
MAFP | Maintenance fee payment |
Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 4TH YEAR, LARGE ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M1551); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY Year of fee payment: 4 |