US20160348326A1 - Friction Snowplough - Google Patents

Friction Snowplough Download PDF

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Publication number
US20160348326A1
US20160348326A1 US15/117,329 US201515117329A US2016348326A1 US 20160348326 A1 US20160348326 A1 US 20160348326A1 US 201515117329 A US201515117329 A US 201515117329A US 2016348326 A1 US2016348326 A1 US 2016348326A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
friction
snowplough
mass
heavy mass
regular hexahedron
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Abandoned
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US15/117,329
Inventor
Alfredo Zufiaur Fernandez De Betoño
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
    • E01H5/04—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
    • E01H5/04—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material
    • E01H5/06—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material dislodging essentially by non-driven elements, e.g. scraper blades, snow-plough blades, scoop blades
    • E01H5/068—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material dislodging essentially by non-driven elements, e.g. scraper blades, snow-plough blades, scoop blades by backblades
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
    • E01H5/04—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material
    • E01H5/06—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material dislodging essentially by non-driven elements, e.g. scraper blades, snow-plough blades, scoop blades
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
    • E01H5/10—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice by application of heat for melting snow or ice, whether cleared or not, combined or not with clearing or removing mud or water, e.g. burners for melting in situ, heated clearing instruments; Cleaning snow by blowing or suction only
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
    • E01H5/12—Apparatus or implements specially adapted for breaking, disintegrating, or loosening layers of ice or hard snow with or without clearing or removing ; Roughening ice or hard snow by means of tools

Definitions

  • the specification relating to the friction snowplough makes reference to a device for cleaning snow and ice from asphalt roads, this device being placed on the rear portion of a traction vehicle.
  • the friction snowplough is a heavy mass in the shape of a regular hexahedron with a protuberance on the front portion formed by an acute regular dihedron.
  • the snowplow is operated with a tractor machine, and the coupling of the snowplow to the tractor is carried out by means of a three-point attachment.
  • the snowploughs used to clean asphalt roads have evolved according to the function for which they are required. At the outset, wood triangles covered with metal that were towed around by tractor vehicles were used. Later on the snowplough was installed in the front portion of the tractor vehicle. These snowploughs were formed by a steel sheet shaped as a blade intended for scraping and removing snow and ice thanks to a dynamic effect, i.e., by a pushing force.
  • the assemblies of snowplough with a steel blade carried on the front portion of the tractor vehicle work fine under mildly severe conditions, i.e., when the temperature does not drop many degrees Celsius.
  • the friction snowplough object of the invention has basis on a friction force originated by the dragging force of a mass over the pavement, i.e., the sliding of a heavy mass.
  • Snowploughs with a steel blade do not operate well under certain circumstances, these circumstances being when there is a thin ice layer that is firmly adhered to the surface.
  • the present invention presents a friction snowplough, which is used to remove ice from a surface using a friction energy between two surfaces, wherein the coefficient of friction is small, but the mass being moved is large.
  • An object of the invention is the creation of a snowplough based on the physical processes that take place when towing a block with a given mass over a surface.
  • the friction snowplough consists of a heavy mass formed by a regular hexahedron, which has an acute dihedron.
  • the mass has in the front portion thereof, which corresponds to the acute dihedron, a three-point anchoring element used to fix the snowplough to a tractor machine.
  • the three-point element has a mass-lifting function by means of the hydraulic device of the tractor machine.
  • a hook is coupled so as to place a roller system.
  • the wide roller that rotates has two functions, the first one consists of driving the tool rotationally and the second one of melting the ice that remains after the frictioning heavy mass has passed by.
  • the friction snowplough can bear one roller or more, depending on how the device operates.
  • the forces generated when towing a mass made of a heavy material over the thin ice layer that is adhered to the asphalt can be divided into two types of forces: firstly when the mass remains static on the surface, there is a static friction force with a coefficient of static friction and secondly, when the mass moves over the surface then the inertia force of the bodies has been overcome and turns into a dynamic friction force with a coefficient of dynamic friction.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the friction snowplough, wherein the four parts that make it up are perfectly differentiated.
  • FIG. 2 is a side perspective view of the snowplough.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of the snowplough.
  • FIG. 4 is a view of the snowplough attached to the tractor unit.
  • the present specification is based on the physical processes that take place when towing a block with a given mass over a surface.
  • the friction snowplough is intended for towing a heavy mass over the ice layer under extreme temperature conditions.
  • the friction or frictional resistance is a contact force that acts to oppose the sliding motion between two or more surfaces. The force acts parallel to the surface and opposite to the sliding direction.
  • the static friction has a different coefficient for the various materials.
  • the kinetic friction has a different kinetic coefficient for the various materials.
  • coefficients of friction for different surfaces are:
  • the coefficient of kinetic friction for a rubber/ice surface is very small, therefore the mass has to be large to counter the friction force, which is the force transforming into caloric energy.
  • the snowplough is formed by the mass volume of a material, in the shape of a regular hexahedron ( 1 ), the front portion of the mass being an acute dihedron ( 2 ). It is at the front portion of the mass, in the acute dihedron ( 2 ), where the attachment system ( 3 ) is embedded. Said attachment system is based on a three-point element.
  • an embedded cylinder ( 4 ) At the end portion of the mass volume ( 1 ) is located an embedded cylinder ( 4 ) where a roller ( 5 ) is coupled.
  • FIG. 3 a second practical embodiment of the invention is shown, in which to the volume mass formed by a regular hexahedron ( 1 ) and with the acute dihedron ( 2 ) arranged at the front area of the snowplough, a wheeled support ( 7 ) has been added on the rear portion of the regular hexahedron ( 4 ) and on the front portion where the acute dihedron ( 1 ) is formed.
  • the three-point support and the roller embedded in the mass ( 4 ) are provided in order to couple the double-roller ( 6 ) used.
  • the material of the wheels of which the roller ( 5 ) or the double-roller ( 6 ) as well as the heavy mass are formed is preferably rubber.
  • the wheels and the heavy mass have patterns on the contacting surface.
  • the mass which has a large volume, weighs between three and four thousand kilograms.
  • the tractor vehicle ( 8 ) hooks together with the fastening element ( 3 ) the large volume mass, which has the shape of a regular hexahedron ( 1 ).
  • the front portion of the mass i.e. an acute dihedron ( 2 )
  • the ground level ( 9 ) thus preventing wear thereof due to rubbing while it is conveyed up to the point of operation.
  • the friction snowplough is an alternative to steel blade snowploughs to clean roads, airports or concrete pavements that have an ice layer adhered to them.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Cleaning Of Streets, Tracks, Or Beaches (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

The friction snowplough is a parallelepiped-shaped device that has a heavy mass, designed to remove the ice formed on the asphalt in extreme weather conditions and situations. Its operation is based on the friction work of two bodies in movement. The work used to move two bodies is transformed into heat energy, which is absorbed by the ice thus proceeding to melt it.
The heavy mass has the shape of a regular hexahedron (1) and at the front portion it forms an acute dihedron (2) where a fastening element (3) is arranged so as to be coupled to the tractor vehicle, and at the rear portion of the regular hexahedron (4) there is a transversal hook embedded in the heavy mass, and in the aforementioned embedded rear hook at least one roller (5) is assembled.

Description

    TECHNICAL FIELD
  • The specification relating to the friction snowplough makes reference to a device for cleaning snow and ice from asphalt roads, this device being placed on the rear portion of a traction vehicle.
  • The friction snowplough is a heavy mass in the shape of a regular hexahedron with a protuberance on the front portion formed by an acute regular dihedron. The snowplow is operated with a tractor machine, and the coupling of the snowplow to the tractor is carried out by means of a three-point attachment.
    • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • The snowploughs used to clean asphalt roads have evolved according to the function for which they are required. At the outset, wood triangles covered with metal that were towed around by tractor vehicles were used. Later on the snowplough was installed in the front portion of the tractor vehicle. These snowploughs were formed by a steel sheet shaped as a blade intended for scraping and removing snow and ice thanks to a dynamic effect, i.e., by a pushing force.
  • There are designs of trucks which incorporate gas burners to melt the snow, but those solutions are very sophisticated and too expensive.
  • Other systems used in alpine locations are pieces of equipment that collect snow and expel it through the action of a rotor. They are the so-called steerable snow sweepers, turbine snow sweeper or destroying arm.
  • The assemblies of snowplough with a steel blade carried on the front portion of the tractor vehicle work fine under mildly severe conditions, i.e., when the temperature does not drop many degrees Celsius.
  • For temperatures below zero degrees Celsius, the situation on the asphalt pavements becomes more complicated, as after the snowplough has passed there remains an ice layer that is strongly adhered. In such cases, chemical compounds such as common salt (sodium chloride) and urea are used. In extreme ice conditions, extreme changes in temperature along with the chemical compounds damage the pavement, and over time the asphalt deteriorates, i.e. the asphalt is attacked both physically and chemically.
  • When snowplough systems provided with a steel blade are at work on deteriorated asphalt pavement, it causes patches of asphalt to break and come loose, giving rise to potholes.
  • The friction snowplough object of the invention has basis on a friction force originated by the dragging force of a mass over the pavement, i.e., the sliding of a heavy mass.
  • Snowploughs with a steel blade do not operate well under certain circumstances, these circumstances being when there is a thin ice layer that is firmly adhered to the surface.
  • The present invention presents a friction snowplough, which is used to remove ice from a surface using a friction energy between two surfaces, wherein the coefficient of friction is small, but the mass being moved is large.
    • DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • An object of the invention is the creation of a snowplough based on the physical processes that take place when towing a block with a given mass over a surface.
  • The friction snowplough consists of a heavy mass formed by a regular hexahedron, which has an acute dihedron. The mass has in the front portion thereof, which corresponds to the acute dihedron, a three-point anchoring element used to fix the snowplough to a tractor machine. The three-point element has a mass-lifting function by means of the hydraulic device of the tractor machine.
  • On the rear portion of the heavy mass, i.e., the regular hexaedron, a hook is coupled so as to place a roller system. The wide roller that rotates has two functions, the first one consists of driving the tool rotationally and the second one of melting the ice that remains after the frictioning heavy mass has passed by. The friction snowplough can bear one roller or more, depending on how the device operates.
  • The forces generated when towing a mass made of a heavy material over the thin ice layer that is adhered to the asphalt can be divided into two types of forces: firstly when the mass remains static on the surface, there is a static friction force with a coefficient of static friction and secondly, when the mass moves over the surface then the inertia force of the bodies has been overcome and turns into a dynamic friction force with a coefficient of dynamic friction.
  • The energy consumed by the friction force of the two bodies does not disappear, it just dissipates in the form of heat; this heat energy is captured by the ice, thus melting and diluting it. In this way the ice layer thaws, melts and detaches itself.
    • DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the friction snowplough, wherein the four parts that make it up are perfectly differentiated.
  • FIG. 2 is a side perspective view of the snowplough.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of the snowplough.
  • FIG. 4 is a view of the snowplough attached to the tractor unit.
    •  PRACTICAL EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
  • The present specification is based on the physical processes that take place when towing a block with a given mass over a surface.
  • Following this process it is possible to constitute this snowplough which is specially indicated to work under extreme ice conditions. Where current snowploughs leave a thin ice layer that cannot be separated from the asphalt when they operate.
  • The friction snowplough is intended for towing a heavy mass over the ice layer under extreme temperature conditions. The friction or frictional resistance is a contact force that acts to oppose the sliding motion between two or more surfaces. The force acts parallel to the surface and opposite to the sliding direction.
  • According to the laws of physics:

  • F=m·a
  • F friction=F applied
  • The static friction has a different coefficient for the various materials.

  • Fr=us·Fn
  • The kinetic friction has a different kinetic coefficient for the various materials.

  • Ff=uk·Fn
  • Examples of coefficients of friction for different surfaces are:
  •
    Ice/ice us = 0.1 uk = 0.03
    Rubber/Dry Cement us = 1.0 uk = 0.8
    Rubber/wet cement us = 0.3 uk = 0.25
    Ski (waxed)/Snow (0°) us = 0.1 uk = 0.05
  • The coefficient of kinetic friction for a rubber/ice surface is very small, therefore the mass has to be large to counter the friction force, which is the force transforming into caloric energy.
  • As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 the snowplough is formed by the mass volume of a material, in the shape of a regular hexahedron (1), the front portion of the mass being an acute dihedron (2). It is at the front portion of the mass, in the acute dihedron (2), where the attachment system (3) is embedded. Said attachment system is based on a three-point element.
  • At the end portion of the mass volume (1) is located an embedded cylinder (4) where a roller (5) is coupled.
  • In FIG. 3 a second practical embodiment of the invention is shown, in which to the volume mass formed by a regular hexahedron (1) and with the acute dihedron (2) arranged at the front area of the snowplough, a wheeled support (7) has been added on the rear portion of the regular hexahedron (4) and on the front portion where the acute dihedron (1) is formed. In this practical embodiment the three-point support and the roller embedded in the mass (4) are provided in order to couple the double-roller (6) used.
  • The material of the wheels of which the roller (5) or the double-roller (6) as well as the heavy mass are formed is preferably rubber. The wheels and the heavy mass have patterns on the contacting surface. The mass, which has a large volume, weighs between three and four thousand kilograms.
  • As can be observed in FIG. 4, the tractor vehicle (8) hooks together with the fastening element (3) the large volume mass, which has the shape of a regular hexahedron (1). By means of the lifting elements, with which the tractor vehicle (8) is itself provided, the front portion of the mass, i.e. an acute dihedron (2), is lifted above the ground level (9) thus preventing wear thereof due to rubbing while it is conveyed up to the point of operation.
  • The friction snowplough is an alternative to steel blade snowploughs to clean roads, airports or concrete pavements that have an ice layer adhered to them.

Claims (7)

1. A friction snowplough that comprises a heavy mass to be towed by a tractor vehicle, wherein the heavy mass has a shape of a regular hexahedron (1) having a front portion forming an acute dihedron (2) where a fastening element (3) is arranged so as to be coupled to the tractor vehicle (8), and a rear portion of the regular hexahedron (4) including a transversal hook embedded in the heavy mass, the transversal hook comprising at least one roller (5).
2. The friction snowplough according to claim 1, wherein the fastening element comprises three-point element formed by two hooks and a central adapter.
3. The friction snowplough according claim 1, wherein the roller comprises a plurality of wheels that rotate freely around its axis.
4. The friction snowplough according to claim 1, wherein the heavy mass comprises a wheeled support (7) at the rear portion of the regular hexahedron (4) and at the front portion where the acute dihedron (2) is formed.
5. The friction snowplough according to claim 1, wherein the material of the wheels and the heavy mass comprises rubber.
6. The friction snowplough according to claim 1, wherein the wheels and the heavy mass have a pattern on the contacting surface.
7. The friction snowplough according to claim 1, wherein the mass weighs between three thousand and four thousand kilograms.
US15/117,329 2014-02-14 2015-02-13 Friction Snowplough Abandoned US20160348326A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201430195A ES2486590B1 (en) 2014-02-14 2014-02-14 Snow Plow
ESP201430195 2014-02-14
PCT/ES2015/070095 WO2015121525A1 (en) 2014-02-14 2015-02-13 Friction snowplough

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US20160348326A1 true US20160348326A1 (en) 2016-12-01

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US15/117,329 Abandoned US20160348326A1 (en) 2014-02-14 2015-02-13 Friction Snowplough

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US (1) US20160348326A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3115510B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2017505867A (en)
CN (1) CN105992848A (en)
CA (1) CA2938365A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2486590B1 (en)
PL (1) PL3115510T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2715151C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2015121525A1 (en)

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USD938498S1 (en) 2019-12-03 2021-12-14 Jonathan Bottema Trail grooming device

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US2660817A (en) * 1951-05-01 1953-12-01 Thomas Yeppie Spring mounted leveler for ground pulverizers
US2786283A (en) * 1951-12-17 1957-03-26 Bradley Stephen Apparatus for grading and packing snow
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US4021942A (en) * 1976-07-26 1977-05-10 Purdy Floyd E Snow handling and conditioning apparatus
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US4512091A (en) * 1983-01-19 1985-04-23 Glenn Leininger Snow plow scoop
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CA2938365A1 (en) 2015-08-20
PL3115510T3 (en) 2019-02-28
RU2715151C2 (en) 2020-02-25
JP2017505867A (en) 2017-02-23
WO2015121525A1 (en) 2015-08-20
RU2016132864A3 (en) 2018-03-19
EP3115510A1 (en) 2017-01-11
ES2486590A1 (en) 2014-08-18
EP3115510B1 (en) 2018-08-15
ES2486590B1 (en) 2015-05-26
RU2016132864A (en) 2018-03-19
CN105992848A (en) 2016-10-05

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