US20160079837A1 - Squirrel-cage rotor - Google Patents

Squirrel-cage rotor Download PDF

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Publication number
US20160079837A1
US20160079837A1 US14/828,694 US201514828694A US2016079837A1 US 20160079837 A1 US20160079837 A1 US 20160079837A1 US 201514828694 A US201514828694 A US 201514828694A US 2016079837 A1 US2016079837 A1 US 2016079837A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
rotor
metal
discs
squirrel
cage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US14/828,694
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English (en)
Inventor
Gerhard Thumm
Volker Voggeser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wieland Werke AG
Original Assignee
Wieland Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wieland Werke AG filed Critical Wieland Werke AG
Assigned to WIELAND-WERKE AG reassignment WIELAND-WERKE AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: THUMM, GERHARD, VOGGESER, VOLKER
Publication of US20160079837A1 publication Critical patent/US20160079837A1/en
Priority to US16/056,678 priority Critical patent/US10951102B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K17/00—Asynchronous induction motors; Asynchronous induction generators
    • H02K17/02—Asynchronous induction motors
    • H02K17/16—Asynchronous induction motors having rotors with internally short-circuited windings, e.g. cage rotors
    • H02K17/165—Asynchronous induction motors having rotors with internally short-circuited windings, e.g. cage rotors characterised by the squirrel-cage or other short-circuited windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K17/00—Asynchronous induction motors; Asynchronous induction generators
    • H02K17/02—Asynchronous induction motors
    • H02K17/16—Asynchronous induction motors having rotors with internally short-circuited windings, e.g. cage rotors
    • H02K17/168—Asynchronous induction motors having rotors with internally short-circuited windings, e.g. cage rotors having single-cage rotors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/02—Windings characterised by the conductor material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/0012—Manufacturing cage rotors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a squirrel-cage rotor for an asynchronous machine, said squirrel-cage rotor having at least one laminated rotor core that comprises a plurality of grooves and said squirrel-cage rotor having at least one rotor cage comprising electrically conductive rotor bars that are embedded in the grooves of the laminated rotor core in such a manner that the rotor bars comprise at their two end regions an overlap beyond the laminated rotor core, and said rotor cage comprising short-circuit rings that are attached at the end face to the laminated rotor core and comprise a plurality of slots that are arranged in the region of their outer periphery and the end regions of the rotor bars protrude into said slots.
  • the fundamental construction of squirrel-cage rotors for asynchronous machines is generally known from the prior art.
  • Various methods are known for producing the rotor cage. In some cases, the entire rotor cage is cast in one piece.
  • embodiments are known where the rotor bars are produced from a semi-finished product and are embedded in the grooves of the laminated rotor core.
  • the short-circuit rings are subsequently cast on.
  • a further variant provides in contrast to this to produce the short-circuit rings from correspondingly formed metal sheets.
  • the metal sheets must have good electrically conductive characteristics and must be connected in a reliable manner to the rotor bars. This connection is formed in many cases by means of a soldering process, such as for example can be found in the document DE 34 21 537 A1.
  • squirrel-cage rotors are known from DE 195 42 962 C1, wherein the short-circuit rings are constructed from copper metal sheets and steel metal sheets that are positioned in an alternating manner with respect to one another.
  • the mechanical stability of the short-circuit rings is to be improved and the in-laid steel metal plates are to limit the extent to which the short-circuit ring can expand even in the case of higher rotational speeds.
  • the steel metal sheets are soldered to the copper metal sheets and the conductor bars.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an improved squirrel-cage rotor for an asynchronous machine.
  • the improvement relates to the construction of the short-circuit rings and their connection to the rotor bars.
  • the invention includes a squirrel-cage rotor for an asynchronous machine, said squirrel-cage rotor having at least one laminated rotor core and having at least one rotor cage comprising electrically conductive rotor bars and short-circuit rings.
  • the laminated rotor core comprises a plurality of grooves.
  • the grooves can be embodied as grooves that are open in the radial direction towards the exterior.
  • the rotor bars are embedded in the grooves of the laminated rotor core in such a manner that they comprise at their two end regions an overlap beyond the laminated rotor core.
  • Short-circuit rings that comprise a plurality of slots that are arranged in the region of their outer periphery are provided on the end faces of the laminated rotor core and the end regions of the rotor bars protrude into said slots.
  • the slots can be embodied as through-going openings that are open in the radial direction towards the exterior or are closed.
  • the short-circuit rings comprise in each case at least two metal composite discs that for their part comprise at least one first metal disc and a second metal disc that is connected in a planar manner to said first metal disc and is embodied from a different material thereto. Adjacent metal composite discs are arranged at least in part in such a manner that first metal discs of these metal composite discs are facing one another.
  • the rotor rods are bonded, preferably welded, to the first metal discs in the region of the slots.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that the short-circuit rings of the rotor cage comprise in each case a plurality of metal composite discs.
  • the metal composite discs comprise at least two metal discs that are embodied from different materials and are connected one to the other in a planar and electrically conductive manner.
  • the materials of the metal discs differ from one another with respect to their density, electrically conductive characteristics, strength characteristics and their costs. Consequently the metal composite discs offer, in contrast to mono-metal discs, more freedom with regard to optimizing the short-circuit rings with respect to the electrical conductance value, weight, strength and costs.
  • the choice of the mutually combined materials and the thickness ratio of the individual metal discs plays an important role.
  • connection between the rotor bars and the metal composite discs is a bonded connection, by way of example by means of a soldering process or preferably by means of a welding process. Since it is difficult to bond different metal materials to each other, the technique used to connect the rotor bars and short-shirt rings is selected such that essentially only the metal disc of a metal composite disc whose material can be best connected to the material of the rotor bars is connected to the rotor bars.
  • this metal disc is described as the ‘first metal disc’ whereas a metal disc that is embodied from a different material thereto is described as the ‘second metal disc’.
  • the current is transferred from the rotor bars to a metal composite disc by way of the bonded connections initially to the first metal disc.
  • the planar bond between the metal discs renders it possible to transport the current within the metal composite disc with a minimum amount of electrical resistance.
  • the metal composite discs of the short-circuit rings are arranged at least in part in such a manner that the first metal discs of adjacent metal composite discs are facing one another.
  • first metal discs, which are embodied from an identical material, of adjacent metal composite discs are positioned directly next to one another.
  • metal composite discs that comprise two metal discs by virtue of the fact that adjacent metal composite discs are arranged in a mirror-inverted manner with respect to one another with regard to their disc arrangement.
  • solutions using multi-layer metal composite discs are possible.
  • the rotor bars can be embodied at least in part from a material that can be easily welded to the material of the first metal discs. It is possible to produce particularly reliable connections by means of a welding process. Suitable connection methods are by way of example laser welding or electron beam welding.
  • the two materials that are welded one to the other preferably have melt temperatures or rather melt regions that are close to one another and also similar thermally conductive characteristics. The difference in melt temperatures or rather weld regions is preferably a maximum 20 K.
  • the rotor bars can be embodied at least in part from a material whose base material is identical to the base material of the first metal discs.
  • the two materials that are to be welded one to the other can therefore be different alloys of the identical base material.
  • the two alloys can in many cases be easily welded as a result of the identical base material.
  • the conductivity and the strength of a material can be purposefully influenced by means of suitable alloying elements. It is thus possible by way of example to manufacture the rotor bars preferably from an alloy that has a particularly high strength, whereas an alloy that has particularly good conductivity characteristics is used for the first metal discs of the short-circuit rings.
  • the metal discs that are embodied from a different material and are part of the metal composite disc are connected one to the other in a planar manner using a plating technique.
  • the plating technique is a particularly suitable method of connecting different metal materials in a planar manner one to the other, said materials being available in a strip or sheet metal form.
  • a particularly suitable method for this purpose is the laser roll plating technique.
  • the plating method renders it possible to produce in a favorable manner semi-finished products that are embodied from metal composites, by way of example bimetal strips.
  • Semi-finished goods of this type can be metal composite discs that have been produced by means of a suitable separating method, by way of example stamping or laser cutting, and that are required in order to construct a short-circuit rotor in accordance with the invention.
  • the first metal discs can comprise at least one bevel on their outer periphery. It is preferred that this bevel extends in the radial direction at least as far as the slots.
  • a bevel of this type provides the first metal disc with a geometry that is favorable for connecting to the conductor bars.
  • the bevel produces a type of circumferential groove by means of which it is possible to access the connection site between the first metal disc and the conductor bar. If a soldering process is used, the solder material can be introduced into the groove and thus directed to the connection site. If a welding process is used, energy can be introduced into the weld site by means of the groove by way of example using a flame or a laser beam or electron beam.
  • the first metal discs in other words the metal discs that are bonded to the conductor bars, can be embodied from aluminum or an aluminum alloy. It is accordingly advantageous if the conductor bars are embodied at least in part from aluminum or an aluminum alloy. As a result of their density and their relatively good electrically conductive characteristics, aluminum and aluminum alloys are preferred materials for conductor bars and short circuit rings of a cage rotor.
  • the second metal discs of the metal composite discs are preferably embodied from copper or a copper alloy. As a consequence, a favorable compromise between electric conductance and weight is achieved.
  • the thickness s 1 of the first metal discs is at least 60% of the thickness s of the metal composite discs.
  • the first metal discs are embodied from aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • aluminum is characterized by virtue of a very low density and a favorable price in relation to its volume. If at least 60% of the metal composite discs are embodied from aluminum or an aluminum alloy, then they are characterized by means of a low weight and low costs.
  • the first metal discs in other words the metal discs that are bonded to the conductor bars, are embodied from copper or a copper alloy. It is accordingly advantageous if the conductor bars are embodied at least in part from copper or a copper alloy. As a result of their high electrically conductive characteristics, copper and copper alloys are preferred materials for conductor bars and short-circuit rings of a squirrel cage rotor.
  • the second metal discs of the metal composite discs can be embodied preferably in aluminum or an aluminum alloy. As a consequence, a favorable compromise is achieved between electric conductance, weight and cost.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a sectional view of a squirrel-cage rotor
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an enlarged view of the view in FIG. 1 in the region of the connection between the rotor bar and a short-circuit ring
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an enlarged view of a further embodiment of a squirrel-cage rotor in accordance with the invention in the region of the connection between the rotor bar and a short-circuit ring.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a sectional view of a squirrel-cage rotor 1 in accordance with the invention.
  • the squirrel-cage rotor 1 has an essentially cylindrical shape with an axis A and a centrally arranged bore hole 4 for receiving a shaft, not illustrated.
  • Said squirrel-cage rotor comprises a laminated rotor core 11 that is constructed in a manner known per se from individual metal sheets.
  • the laminated rotor core 11 comprises a plurality of grooves 12 , two of which are visible in the sectional view.
  • the squirrel-cage rotor 1 comprises a plurality of electrically conductive rotor bars 2 , two of which are visible in the sectional view, and also two short-circuit rings 3 .
  • the rotor bars 2 and the short-circuit rings 3 together essentially form the squirrel cage.
  • the rotor bars 2 are embedded in the grooves 12 of the laminated rotor core 11 in such a manner that they comprise at their two end regions 21 an overlap beyond the laminated rotor core 11 .
  • the rotor bars 2 are not arranged in parallel to the axis A of the cage rotor 1 but rather are arranged inclined by a defined angle of twist with respect to the axis A. However, for reasons of clarity, this feature is not shown in the schematic illustrate in FIG. 1 .
  • the rotor bars 2 are embodied in the illustrated exemplary embodiment as solid mono-metal bars. However, it is also possible to use bi-metal bars and/or hollow bars.
  • the short-circuit rings 3 are attached to the end faces of the laminated rotor core 11 .
  • the short-circuit rings 3 comprise in the region of their outer periphery a plurality of slots 31 .
  • the number and position of the slots 31 are to be selected such that said slots can be brought into alignment with the grooves 12 of the laminated rotor core 11 .
  • the end regions 21 of the rotor bars 2 protrude into the slots 31 of the short-circuit rings 3 .
  • the short-circuit rings 3 comprise in each case four metal composite discs 32 that for their part comprise in each case a first metal disc 33 and a second metal disc 34 that is connected in a planar manner to said first metal disc and is embodied from a different material thereto.
  • two adjacent metal composite discs 32 are arranged in such a manner that the first metal disc 33 or second metal disc 34 that are embodied from an identical material are facing one another. If you count for each of the two short-circuit rings 3 the metal composite discs 32 commencing at the front face of the laminated rotor core, then in each case the second and the fourth metal composite discs 32 are arranged in a mirror-inverted manner with respect to the first and third metal composite disc 32 .
  • the first metal discs 33 that are embodied from an identical material are facing one another.
  • the second metal discs 34 that are embodied from an identical material are facing one another.
  • adjacent metal composite discs 32 are illustrated for reasons of clarity in each case slightly spaced apart from one another.
  • the metal composite discs 32 are generally positioned without a spacing with respect to one another.
  • a spacing is provided between the laminated rotor core 11 and the two metal composite discs 32 that are positioned directly adjacent to the laminated rotor core 11 .
  • the first metal discs 33 comprise on their outer periphery a circumferential bevel 35 that extends in the radial direction as far as the slots 31 of the short-circuit rings 3 .
  • the rotor bars 2 and the first metal discs 33 are preferably embodied from identical or similar materials. It is particularly preferred that the rotor bars 2 and the first metal discs 33 are embodied from aluminum or an aluminum alloy. As illustrated in FIG. 1 , in this case the thickness s 1 of the first metal discs 33 is at least 60% of the total thickness s of the metal composite disc 32 . In the case of an alternative embodiment, the rotor bars 2 and the first metal discs 33 can be embodied from copper or a copper alloy.
  • the rotor bars 21 are bonded, preferably welded, to the first metal discs 33 in the region of the slots 31 . This is further explained in connection with FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an enlarged section from FIG. 1 in the region of the connection between a rotor bar 2 and the first metal discs 33 of a short-circuit ring.
  • a bonded connection 36 is produced in each case in the region of the slots 31 between the first metal discs 33 and the end region 21 of the rotor bar 2 , illustrated in this case in a shortened manner.
  • the connection 36 can be a solder material that fills a solder gap.
  • the connection 36 can be formed by means of a molten material of the mutually connected partners or by means of a weld filler material.
  • the two metal discs 34 and the rotor bar 2 are not bonded together, which is illustrated in FIG. 2 in each case by means of a gap between these components.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an enlarged section of a further embodiment of a squirrel-cage rotor in accordance with the invention 1 in the region of the connection between a rotor bar 2 and a short-circuit ring 3 .
  • the short-circuit ring 3 comprises two metal composite discs 32 that are arranged in a mirror-inverted manner with respect to one another and comprise in each case a first metal disc 33 and a second metal disc 34 , and also metal composite discs 321 that are positioned between said metal composite discs and comprise two first metal discs 33 and a second metal disc 34 that is arranged between two said first metal discs.
  • a bonded connection 36 is provided in the region of the slots 31 between the first metal discs 33 of the metal composite discs 32 and 321 and the end region 21 of the rotor bar 2 , illustrated in this case in a shortened manner.
  • the outlay for producing metal composite discs 321 that comprise more than two metal discs 33 , 34 is greater than when producing straightforward bi-metal discs, the outlay involved in assembling the short-circuit ring 3 is considerably reduced as a result of using this type of multi-layer metal composite discs 321 .
  • the embodiment in accordance with FIG. 3 can be modified to the extent that more than one metal composite disc 321 is used, said one metal composite disc comprising two first metal discs 33 and a second metal disc 34 that is arranged between the two first metal discs 33 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Induction Machinery (AREA)
US14/828,694 2014-09-17 2015-08-18 Squirrel-cage rotor Abandoned US20160079837A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16/056,678 US10951102B2 (en) 2014-09-17 2018-08-07 Squirrel-cage rotor and method of manufacturing the same

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014013684.1 2014-09-17
DE102014013684.1A DE102014013684A1 (de) 2014-09-17 2014-09-17 Kurzschlussläufer

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US14/828,694 Abandoned US20160079837A1 (en) 2014-09-17 2015-08-18 Squirrel-cage rotor
US16/056,678 Active 2036-05-04 US10951102B2 (en) 2014-09-17 2018-08-07 Squirrel-cage rotor and method of manufacturing the same

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US (2) US20160079837A1 (hu)
EP (1) EP2999101B1 (hu)
JP (1) JP6624671B2 (hu)
DE (1) DE102014013684A1 (hu)
HU (1) HUE036087T2 (hu)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140285058A1 (en) * 2013-03-22 2014-09-25 Gerhard Thumm Squirrel cage rotor and individual parts thereof and method for producing a squirrel cage rotor
US20180123435A1 (en) * 2016-10-27 2018-05-03 Nio Nextev Limited Motor rotor structure with copper conductive bars
US20190020248A1 (en) * 2016-03-23 2019-01-17 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Rotor for an Asynchronous Machine
US20190149027A1 (en) * 2017-11-16 2019-05-16 Wieland-Werke Ag Squirrel-cage rotor and method for producing a squirrel-cage rotor

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014013684A1 (de) * 2014-09-17 2016-03-17 Wieland-Werke Ag Kurzschlussläufer
DE102016011758A1 (de) * 2016-09-30 2018-04-05 Wieland-Werke Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kurzschlussrings
DE102017206520A1 (de) 2017-04-18 2018-10-18 Audi Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kurzschlussrotors und Kurzschlussrotor
DE102018001587A1 (de) * 2018-02-28 2019-08-29 Wieland-Werke Ag Kurzschlussläufer sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kurzschlussläufers
DE102018008347A1 (de) * 2018-10-23 2020-04-23 Wieland-Werke Ag Kurzschlussläufer

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US1371233A (en) * 1918-08-21 1921-03-15 Fries Joens Eleas Rotor for squirrel-cage induction-motors and method of securing the winding thereto
US1694061A (en) * 1926-08-13 1928-12-04 Klaus L Hansen Self-starting induction motor
US1936244A (en) * 1927-02-11 1933-11-21 B F Sturtevant Co Laminated core member and method of making the same
US2499390A (en) * 1944-07-10 1950-03-07 Master Electric Co Rotor for alternating current machines
US2421860A (en) * 1945-05-02 1947-06-10 Martin P Winther Squirrel-cage rotor for induction machines
US2654848A (en) * 1949-12-08 1953-10-06 Schaefer Edward John Submergible motor construction
JPS5854845A (ja) * 1981-09-28 1983-03-31 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 回転電機の回転子
US6998752B2 (en) * 2000-12-27 2006-02-14 Hitachi, Ltd. Dynamo-electric machine
US20070075603A1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Whiddon Richard M Labyrinthine end disk rotor
US8193680B2 (en) * 2009-10-07 2012-06-05 Fanuc Corporation Squirrel-cage rotor and manufacturing method of squirrel-cage rotor
WO2012011637A1 (ko) * 2010-07-22 2012-01-26 (주)지이엠 초고속 유도전동기의 회전자 제조방법 및 이를 이용하여 제조된 회전자
US8587178B2 (en) * 2010-07-22 2013-11-19 Gem Co., Ltd. Rotor of high speed induction motor and manufacturing method thereof
US8791618B2 (en) * 2011-02-24 2014-07-29 Fanuc Corporation Squirrel-cage rotor for induction motor
JP5484633B2 (ja) * 2011-04-01 2014-05-07 三菱電機株式会社 誘導電動機の回転子の製作方法
US9350217B2 (en) * 2011-11-18 2016-05-24 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Rotor and method of forming same
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US20140285058A1 (en) * 2013-03-22 2014-09-25 Gerhard Thumm Squirrel cage rotor and individual parts thereof and method for producing a squirrel cage rotor
US9621012B2 (en) * 2015-01-07 2017-04-11 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Lamination pack for skewed conductor bars and method of forming same
US9570968B1 (en) * 2016-09-14 2017-02-14 Shanghai XPT Technology Limited Rotor of induction motor and method for manufacturing the same

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140285058A1 (en) * 2013-03-22 2014-09-25 Gerhard Thumm Squirrel cage rotor and individual parts thereof and method for producing a squirrel cage rotor
US20190020248A1 (en) * 2016-03-23 2019-01-17 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Rotor for an Asynchronous Machine
US10630152B2 (en) * 2016-03-23 2020-04-21 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Rotor for an asynchronous machine
US20180123435A1 (en) * 2016-10-27 2018-05-03 Nio Nextev Limited Motor rotor structure with copper conductive bars
US20190149027A1 (en) * 2017-11-16 2019-05-16 Wieland-Werke Ag Squirrel-cage rotor and method for producing a squirrel-cage rotor
US10819201B2 (en) * 2017-11-16 2020-10-27 Wieland-Werke Ag Squirrel-cage rotor and method for producing a squirrel-cage rotor

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DE102014013684A1 (de) 2016-03-17
HUE036087T2 (hu) 2018-06-28
US20180342935A1 (en) 2018-11-29
EP2999101A3 (de) 2016-04-06
JP2016063740A (ja) 2016-04-25
EP2999101A2 (de) 2016-03-23
EP2999101B1 (de) 2017-12-06
JP6624671B2 (ja) 2019-12-25

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