US20160003254A1 - Noise cancellation by phase-matching communicating ducts of roots-type blower and expander - Google Patents
Noise cancellation by phase-matching communicating ducts of roots-type blower and expander Download PDFInfo
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- US20160003254A1 US20160003254A1 US14/854,680 US201514854680A US2016003254A1 US 20160003254 A1 US20160003254 A1 US 20160003254A1 US 201514854680 A US201514854680 A US 201514854680A US 2016003254 A1 US2016003254 A1 US 2016003254A1
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- Prior art keywords
- roots
- duct
- expander
- supercharger
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
- F04C29/06—Silencing
- F04C29/065—Noise dampening volumes, e.g. muffler chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01C11/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type
- F01C11/002—Combinations of two or more machines or engines, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type of similar working principle
- F01C11/004—Combinations of two or more machines or engines, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type of similar working principle and of complementary function, e.g. internal combustion engine with supercharger
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01C13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01C13/04—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby for driving pumps or compressors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
- F01C21/003—Systems for the equilibration of forces acting on the elements of the machine
- F01C21/006—Equalization of pressure pulses
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K5/00—Plants characterised by use of means for storing steam in an alkali to increase steam pressure, e.g. of Honigmann or Koenemann type
- F01K5/02—Plants characterised by use of means for storing steam in an alkali to increase steam pressure, e.g. of Honigmann or Koenemann type used in regenerative installation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
- F02B33/32—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type
- F02B33/34—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type with rotary pumps
- F02B33/36—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type with rotary pumps of positive-displacement type
- F02B33/38—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type with rotary pumps of positive-displacement type of Roots type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02G5/02—Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C18/08—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
- F04C18/12—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
- F04C18/126—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with radially from the rotor body extending elements, not necessarily co-operating with corresponding recesses in the other rotor, e.g. lobes, Roots type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C23/001—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of similar working principle
- F04C23/003—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of similar working principle having complementary function
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
- F04C29/0021—Systems for the equilibration of forces acting on the pump
- F04C29/0035—Equalization of pressure pulses
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
- F04C29/12—Arrangements for admission or discharge of the working fluid, e.g. constructional features of the inlet or outlet
- F04C29/122—Arrangements for supercharging the working space
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
- F01C1/08—Rotary-piston machines or engines of intermeshing engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co- operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
- F01C1/12—Rotary-piston machines or engines of intermeshing engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co- operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
- F01C21/18—Arrangements for admission or discharge of the working fluid, e.g. constructional features of the inlet or outlet
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using kinetic energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C18/08—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
- F04C18/12—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
- F04C29/12—Arrangements for admission or discharge of the working fluid, e.g. constructional features of the inlet or outlet
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- Roots-type devices are volumetric devices that output a fixed volume of fluid per rotation.
- roots-type devices are used in supercharger systems as blowers to boost the pressure of fluid provided to a power source such as an internal combustion engine or a fuel cell.
- the roots-type devices are used as expanders to extract energy from waste heat from a power source that would otherwise be wasted, such as an exhaust stream from a fuel cell, a working fluid that extracts heat from an internal combustion engine, or an exhaust fluid stream from an internal combustion engine. In all scenarios, there is noise associated with the passage of fluid through the roots-type devices.
- a volumetric assembly includes: a roots-type supercharger device having at least two supercharger rotors, with each of the rotors having two or more lobes, the roots-type supercharger defining a supercharger fluid inlet and a supercharger fluid outlet; a roots-type expander device having at least two expander rotors, with each of the rotors having two or more lobes, the roots-type expander defining an expander fluid inlet and an expander fluid outlet; a first duct extending from the supercharger fluid inlet, the first duct supplying fluid to the roots-type supercharger device; and a second duct extending from the expander fluid outlet, the second duct directing fluid away from the roots-type expander device, wherein the first duct is positioned adjacent to the second duct, and wherein the first duct defines a first aperture and the second duct defines a second aperture, the first and second apertures being generally aligned; and a flexible membrane positioned
- a system in another aspect, includes: a power source; and a volumetric assembly, the volumetric assembly including: a roots-type supercharger device having at least two supercharger rotors, with each of the rotors having two or more lobes, the roots-type supercharger defining a supercharger fluid inlet and a supercharger fluid outlet, the supercharger fluid outlet being connected to the power source to provide fluid for boosting the power source; a roots-type expander device having at least two expander rotors, with each of the rotors having two or more lobes, the roots-type supercharger defining an expander fluid inlet and an expander fluid outlet, the expander fluid inlet being coupled to a working fluid or an exhaust of the power source to provide fluid to the expander fluid inlet, and the roots-type expander device applying torque to the power source; a first duct extending from the supercharger fluid inlet, the first duct supplying fluid to the roots-type supercharger device; and a second
- a method of boosting a power plant and recovering energy from waste heat of the power plant includes: providing a roots-type supercharger device to boost the power plant, the roots-type supercharger having an inlet duct; providing a roots-type expander device to recover energy from the exhaust of the power plant, the roots-type expander device having an outlet duct; positioning the inlet duct adjacent to the outlet duct; and configuring a membrane positioned in an aperture between the inlet and outlet ducts to flex as pressure changes within the inlet and outlet ducts.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a system including a power plant and a volumetric device.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an example volumetric supercharger device of the system of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of rotors of the volumetric supercharger device of FIG. 2 .
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an example volumetric expander device of the system of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of rotors of the volumetric expander device of FIG. 4 .
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the volumetric assembly of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a portion of the volumetric assembly of FIG. 6 .
- FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an example flexible member of the volumetric assembly of FIG. 7 .
- FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of another system.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of the noise cancellation operation of the system shown in FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 1 shows an example system 100 including a power source 102 , such as an internal combustion engine or a fuel cell, and a volumetric assembly 104 coupled thereto.
- a power source 102 such as an internal combustion engine or a fuel cell
- a volumetric assembly 104 coupled thereto.
- the power source 102 is used to power various devices, such as a vehicle.
- a fuel cell is used as the power source.
- the volumetric assembly 104 includes a volumetric supercharger device 110 and a volumetric expander device 112 . Both devices 110 , 112 are roots-type devices. Roots-type devices are fixed displacement devices that output a fixed volume of fluid per rotation.
- the volumetric supercharger device 110 (sometimes referred to as a “supercharger” or “blower”) is used to pump fluid from the atmosphere to the power source 102 .
- the supercharger is used to boost a pressure of the fluid that is delivered to the power source 102 , increasing oxygen which allows more fuel. This enhances performance of the power source 102 .
- the same is true for a fuel cell, except the electrical output increases.
- the example volumetric supercharger device 110 includes two rotors 220 , 222 .
- the rotors 220 , 222 are helical in configuration and rotate relative to one another in a coordinated fashion. Fluid provided at a fluid inlet 210 of the volumetric supercharger device 110 is pumped by the volumetric supercharger device 110 and delivered via an outlet 212 to the power source 102 . Torque provided by the power source 102 or other external energy sources causes the volumetric supercharger device 110 to rotate.
- each of the rotors 220 , 222 has four lobes 224 . These lobes 224 intermesh as the rotors 220 , 222 spin to pump the fluid through the volumetric supercharger device 110 . More or fewer lobes can be used.
- volumetric supercharger device is described in International Patent Application No. PCT/US12/40736 filed on Jun. 4, 2012, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference. Other configurations are possible.
- the example volumetric expander device 112 (sometimes referred to as an “expander”) includes two rotors 320 , 322 .
- the rotors 320 , 322 are helical in configuration and rotate relative to one another in a coordinated fashion.
- Fluid provided at a fluid inlet 310 of the volumetric expander device 112 causes the rotors 320 , 322 to spin as the fluid moves through the volumetric expander device 112 to an outlet 312 .
- this fluid is derived from exhaust gases of the power source 102 and includes either exhaust gases or other fluids derived from a Rankine cycle.
- Torque generated by the volumetric expander device 112 is delivered to the power source 102 or other components.
- a compressor provides oxygen to the fuel cell stack.
- an expander can be used. The expander, which is attached directly to the roots compressor, controls the pressure built up in the fuel cell stack.
- each of the rotors 320 , 322 has two lobes 324 . These lobes 324 intermesh as the rotors 320 , 322 spin. More or fewer lobes can be used.
- volumetric expander device is described in International Patent Application No. PCT/US13/28273 filed on Feb. 28, 2013, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference. Other configurations are possible.
- volumetric assembly 104 is shown again.
- the fluid inlet 210 of the volumetric supercharger device 110 is connected to an inlet duct 510 that passes fluid through a passage 512 formed by the inlet duct 510 and into the volumetric supercharger device 110 .
- the fluid outlet 312 of the volumetric expander device 112 is connected to an outlet duct 520 so that fluid from the volumetric expander device 112 passes through a passage 522 as the fluid exits the volumetric expander device 112 .
- the ducts 510 , 512 are positioned to converge so that the ducts 510 , 512 abut one another.
- the duct 510 includes an aperture 516 and the duct 520 includes an aperture 526 that generally align with one another as the ducts 510 , 512 abut.
- a flexible membrane 610 is positioned within these apertures 516 , 526 to close the apertures 516 , 526 so that fluid passing through the passage 512 does not mix with fluid passing through the passage 522 .
- the volumetric assembly 104 is controlled so that the pressure waves at the flexible membrane 610 are generally 180 degrees out of phase with each other.
- the volumetric supercharger device 110 and the volumetric expander device 112 are controlled so that the inlet pressure for the volumetric supercharger device 110 is generally 180 degrees out of phase with the outlet pressure for the volumetric expander device 112 .
- FIG. 10 schematic graphical depictions of the frequency and amplitude of the cyclical inlet pressure 1002 of the volumetric supercharger device 110 and the cyclical outlet pressure 1004 of the outlet pressure for the volumetric expander device 1112 .
- the inlet pressure 1002 is shown as being 180 degrees out of phase with the outlet pressure 1004 , wherein the inlet and outlet pressure 1002 , 1004 have the same amplitude and frequency.
- the resulting additive combination of the inlet and outlet pressure 1002 , 1004 is shown at pressure line 1006 which is shown as being completely flat as the inlet and outlet pressures 1002 , 1004 completely cancel each other out. It is noted that pressure line 1006 , which is reflective of any remaining non-cancelled sound, may have a non-zero value where the inlet and outlet pressure 1002 , 1004 do not completely cancel each other out.
- oscillating inlet and outlet pressures 1002 , 1004 will not cancel each other out completely if the amplitudes are different, if the frequency is different, and/or the phases are not fully out of phase with each other. Also, cancellation may not occur in certain instances where the supercharger rotors and the expander rotors have a different number of lobes. In one example, a four lobe compressor used in conjunction with a four lobe expander running at half the speed of the compressor will result in only half of the noise being cancelled if the pressure amplitudes are the same.
- noise associated with the fluids flowing through the ducts 510 , 520 can be attenuated. Specifically, some of the kinetic energy from the fluids flowing through one of the ducts 510 , 520 is transferred to the other of the ducts 510 , 520 through the flexible membrane at given periods of time to attenuate noise.
- the number of lobes of the rotors for each volumetric device is equal if the speed (i.e., revolutions per minute) is equal. If one volumetric device runs more quickly than the other, then the number of lobes must be varied such that the ratio of the speed equals the ratio of the lobes.
- the volumetric supercharger device 110 has four lobes 224 per rotor 220 , 222 , and the volumetric expander device 112 has two lobes 324 per rotor 320 , 322 .
- the volumetric expander device 112 is run at twice the speed of the volumetric supercharger device 110
- the flexible member 610 is located near the volumetric assembly 104 , so that temperature and pressure in each of the ducts 510 , 520 will generally be the same. This will make the wavelength at the pulsation frequency very close to the same in each of the ducts 510 , 520 .
- the flexible membrane 610 is, in this example, capable of handling 1 to 2 psi pressure inputs and is generally acoustically transparent (i.e., has a high degree of flexibility) to allow as much communication between the ducts 510 , 520 as possible.
- the material for the flexible membrane 610 is configured to be soft (flexible) but also be tough.
- One possible example of such as material is Mylar. Other polymeric materials can be used.
- the flexible member 610 can be configured with circumferential folds to allow for a large degree of motion.
- the flexible member 610 includes folds 624 located at ends 622 of the flexible member 610 that are attached to the ducts 510 , 520 . This allow for maximum flex for the flexible member 610 when mounted to the ducts 510 , 520 .
- Other configurations are possible.
- the system 700 can be used in conjunction with an internal combustion engine or a fuel cell, as described above.
- the system 700 includes an inlet 702 coupled to a roots expander.
- the inlet 702 leads into a main pipe 706 .
- the main pipe 706 is, in turn, connected to an outlet 704 .
- the path formed by 702 , 706 , 704 allows the fluid from the expander to flow therethrough.
- the main pipe 706 surrounds a second set of pipes.
- This second set of pipes includes an inlet pipe 710 and an outlet pipe 712 .
- the outlet pipe 712 is connected to the inlet of the roots compressor.
- a flexible membrane 720 Positioned between the inlet and outlet pipes 710 , 712 is a flexible membrane 720 .
- This flexible membrane 720 functions in a similar manner to the flexible member 610 described above. By controlling the timing of the flow of fluids through the two passages (as described above), the flexible membrane 720 can provide noise cancelation benefits.
- the ducts are located a distance apart, and a “Tee” duct or tube is run therebetween.
- One or more flexible membrane is positioned in the Tee duct to provide the acoustical performance.
- a length of the Tee duct can be varied to achieve the desired acoustical performance for a given application.
- the length of the tube may be adjusted to adjust the distance from the source to the cancellation membrane to ensure that the pressures are 180 degrees out of phase. Other examples are possible.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
A volumetric assembly includes: a roots-type supercharger device; a roots-type expander device; a first duct extending from the supercharger fluid inlet, the first duct supplying fluid to the roots-type supercharger device; and a second duct extending from the expander fluid outlet, the second duct directing fluid away from the roots-type expander device, wherein the first duct is positioned adjacent to the second duct, and wherein the first duct defines a first aperture and the second duct defines a second aperture, the first and second apertures being generally aligned; and a flexible membrane positioned between the first and second ducts in the first and second apertures, the flexible membrane sealing the first duct from the second duct, and the flexible membrane flexing as fluid flows within the first and second ducts to attenuate noise associated with the fluid flows.
Description
- This application a Continuation of PCT/US2014/025790 filed on 13 Mar. 2014, which claims benefit of U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 61/793,499 filed on 15 Mar. 2013 and which applications are incorporated herein by reference. To the extent appropriate, a claim of priority is made to each of the above disclosed applications.
- Roots-type devices are volumetric devices that output a fixed volume of fluid per rotation. In some instances, roots-type devices are used in supercharger systems as blowers to boost the pressure of fluid provided to a power source such as an internal combustion engine or a fuel cell. In other applications, the roots-type devices are used as expanders to extract energy from waste heat from a power source that would otherwise be wasted, such as an exhaust stream from a fuel cell, a working fluid that extracts heat from an internal combustion engine, or an exhaust fluid stream from an internal combustion engine. In all scenarios, there is noise associated with the passage of fluid through the roots-type devices.
- In one aspect, a volumetric assembly includes: a roots-type supercharger device having at least two supercharger rotors, with each of the rotors having two or more lobes, the roots-type supercharger defining a supercharger fluid inlet and a supercharger fluid outlet; a roots-type expander device having at least two expander rotors, with each of the rotors having two or more lobes, the roots-type expander defining an expander fluid inlet and an expander fluid outlet; a first duct extending from the supercharger fluid inlet, the first duct supplying fluid to the roots-type supercharger device; and a second duct extending from the expander fluid outlet, the second duct directing fluid away from the roots-type expander device, wherein the first duct is positioned adjacent to the second duct, and wherein the first duct defines a first aperture and the second duct defines a second aperture, the first and second apertures being generally aligned; and a flexible membrane positioned between the first and second ducts in the first and second apertures, the flexible membrane sealing the first duct from the second duct, and the flexible membrane flexing as fluid flows within the first and second ducts to attenuate noise associated with the fluid flows.
- In another aspect, a system includes: a power source; and a volumetric assembly, the volumetric assembly including: a roots-type supercharger device having at least two supercharger rotors, with each of the rotors having two or more lobes, the roots-type supercharger defining a supercharger fluid inlet and a supercharger fluid outlet, the supercharger fluid outlet being connected to the power source to provide fluid for boosting the power source; a roots-type expander device having at least two expander rotors, with each of the rotors having two or more lobes, the roots-type supercharger defining an expander fluid inlet and an expander fluid outlet, the expander fluid inlet being coupled to a working fluid or an exhaust of the power source to provide fluid to the expander fluid inlet, and the roots-type expander device applying torque to the power source; a first duct extending from the supercharger fluid inlet, the first duct supplying fluid to the roots-type supercharger device; and a second duct extending from the expander fluid outlet, the second duct directing fluid away from the roots-type expander device, wherein the first duct is positioned adjacent to the second duct, and wherein the first duct defines a first aperture and the second duct defines a second aperture, the first and second apertures being generally aligned; and a flexible membrane positioned between the first and second ducts in the first and second apertures, the flexible membrane sealing the first duct from the second duct, and the flexible membrane flexing as fluid flows within the first and second ducts to attenuate noise associated with the fluid flows.
- In yet another aspect, a method of boosting a power plant and recovering energy from waste heat of the power plant includes: providing a roots-type supercharger device to boost the power plant, the roots-type supercharger having an inlet duct; providing a roots-type expander device to recover energy from the exhaust of the power plant, the roots-type expander device having an outlet duct; positioning the inlet duct adjacent to the outlet duct; and configuring a membrane positioned in an aperture between the inlet and outlet ducts to flex as pressure changes within the inlet and outlet ducts.
- The above features and advantages and other features and advantages of the present teachings are readily apparent from the following detailed description of the best modes for carrying out the present teachings when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings.
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a system including a power plant and a volumetric device. -
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an example volumetric supercharger device of the system ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of rotors of the volumetric supercharger device ofFIG. 2 . -
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an example volumetric expander device of the system ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of rotors of the volumetric expander device ofFIG. 4 . -
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the volumetric assembly ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a portion of the volumetric assembly ofFIG. 6 . -
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an example flexible member of the volumetric assembly ofFIG. 7 . -
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of another system. -
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of the noise cancellation operation of the system shown inFIG. 1 . - Referring to the drawings, wherein like reference numbers refer to like components throughout the several views,
FIG. 1 shows anexample system 100 including apower source 102, such as an internal combustion engine or a fuel cell, and avolumetric assembly 104 coupled thereto. - The
power source 102 is used to power various devices, such as a vehicle. In one embodiment, a fuel cell is used as the power source. - The
volumetric assembly 104 includes avolumetric supercharger device 110 and avolumetric expander device 112. Bothdevices - Referring to
FIGS. 2-3 , in this example, the volumetric supercharger device 110 (sometimes referred to as a “supercharger” or “blower”) is used to pump fluid from the atmosphere to thepower source 102. The supercharger is used to boost a pressure of the fluid that is delivered to thepower source 102, increasing oxygen which allows more fuel. This enhances performance of thepower source 102. The same is true for a fuel cell, except the electrical output increases. - The example
volumetric supercharger device 110 includes tworotors rotors fluid inlet 210 of thevolumetric supercharger device 110 is pumped by thevolumetric supercharger device 110 and delivered via anoutlet 212 to thepower source 102. Torque provided by thepower source 102 or other external energy sources causes thevolumetric supercharger device 110 to rotate. - In this example, each of the
rotors lobes 224. Theselobes 224 intermesh as therotors volumetric supercharger device 110. More or fewer lobes can be used. - One non-limiting example of a volumetric supercharger device is described in International Patent Application No. PCT/US12/40736 filed on Jun. 4, 2012, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference. Other configurations are possible.
- Referring now to
FIGS. 4-5 , the example volumetric expander device 112 (sometimes referred to as an “expander”) includes tworotors rotors fluid inlet 310 of thevolumetric expander device 112 causes therotors volumetric expander device 112 to anoutlet 312. Typically, this fluid is derived from exhaust gases of thepower source 102 and includes either exhaust gases or other fluids derived from a Rankine cycle. The use and operation of a volumetric expander in a Rankine cycle is described in published PCT International Patent Application WO 2013/130774, the entirety of which is incorporated by reference herein. Torque generated by thevolumetric expander device 112 is delivered to thepower source 102 or other components. - In one design including a fuel cell, a compressor provides oxygen to the fuel cell stack. The higher the pressure, the greater the concentration of oxygen, so if the hydrogen fuel is increased to the fuel cell stack the amount of electricity generated increases. To recoup some of the energy used by the compressor in providing high pressure to the fuel cell stack, an expander can be used. The expander, which is attached directly to the roots compressor, controls the pressure built up in the fuel cell stack.
- In this example, each of the
rotors lobes 324. Theselobes 324 intermesh as therotors - One non-limiting example of a volumetric expander device is described in International Patent Application No. PCT/US13/28273 filed on Feb. 28, 2013, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference. Other configurations are possible.
- Referring now to
FIGS. 6-8 , thevolumetric assembly 104 is shown again. - In this example, the
fluid inlet 210 of thevolumetric supercharger device 110 is connected to aninlet duct 510 that passes fluid through apassage 512 formed by theinlet duct 510 and into thevolumetric supercharger device 110. In addition, thefluid outlet 312 of thevolumetric expander device 112 is connected to anoutlet duct 520 so that fluid from thevolumetric expander device 112 passes through apassage 522 as the fluid exits thevolumetric expander device 112. - As shown in
FIGS. 7-8 , theducts ducts duct 510 includes anaperture 516 and theduct 520 includes anaperture 526 that generally align with one another as theducts flexible membrane 610 is positioned within theseapertures apertures passage 512 does not mix with fluid passing through thepassage 522. - In this example, the
volumetric assembly 104 is controlled so that the pressure waves at theflexible membrane 610 are generally 180 degrees out of phase with each other. In other words, thevolumetric supercharger device 110 and thevolumetric expander device 112 are controlled so that the inlet pressure for thevolumetric supercharger device 110 is generally 180 degrees out of phase with the outlet pressure for thevolumetric expander device 112. Referring toFIG. 10 , schematic graphical depictions of the frequency and amplitude of thecyclical inlet pressure 1002 of thevolumetric supercharger device 110 and thecyclical outlet pressure 1004 of the outlet pressure for the volumetric expander device 1112. As can be seen, theinlet pressure 1002 is shown as being 180 degrees out of phase with theoutlet pressure 1004, wherein the inlet andoutlet pressure outlet pressure pressure line 1006 which is shown as being completely flat as the inlet andoutlet pressures pressure line 1006, which is reflective of any remaining non-cancelled sound, may have a non-zero value where the inlet andoutlet pressure outlet pressures - In such a configuration, noise associated with the fluids flowing through the
ducts ducts ducts - In order to accomplish the attenuation, the number of lobes of the rotors for each volumetric device is equal if the speed (i.e., revolutions per minute) is equal. If one volumetric device runs more quickly than the other, then the number of lobes must be varied such that the ratio of the speed equals the ratio of the lobes.
- For example, in the depicted embodiment, the
volumetric supercharger device 110 has fourlobes 224 perrotor volumetric expander device 112 has twolobes 324 perrotor volumetric expander device 112 is run at twice the speed of thevolumetric supercharger device 110 - The
flexible member 610 is located near thevolumetric assembly 104, so that temperature and pressure in each of theducts ducts - The
flexible membrane 610 is, in this example, capable of handling 1 to 2 psi pressure inputs and is generally acoustically transparent (i.e., has a high degree of flexibility) to allow as much communication between theducts flexible membrane 610 is configured to be soft (flexible) but also be tough. One possible example of such as material is Mylar. Other polymeric materials can be used. - The
flexible member 610 can be configured with circumferential folds to allow for a large degree of motion. For example, theflexible member 610 includesfolds 624 located at ends 622 of theflexible member 610 that are attached to theducts flexible member 610 when mounted to theducts - Referring now to
FIG. 9 , analternative example system 700 is shown. Thesystem 700 can be used in conjunction with an internal combustion engine or a fuel cell, as described above. - The
system 700 includes aninlet 702 coupled to a roots expander. Theinlet 702 leads into amain pipe 706. Themain pipe 706 is, in turn, connected to anoutlet 704. The path formed by 702, 706, 704 allows the fluid from the expander to flow therethrough. - As shown, the
main pipe 706 surrounds a second set of pipes. This second set of pipes includes aninlet pipe 710 and anoutlet pipe 712. Theoutlet pipe 712 is connected to the inlet of the roots compressor. - Positioned between the inlet and
outlet pipes flexible membrane 720. Thisflexible membrane 720 functions in a similar manner to theflexible member 610 described above. By controlling the timing of the flow of fluids through the two passages (as described above), theflexible membrane 720 can provide noise cancelation benefits. - Alternative designs can be used. For example, in one alternative embodiment, the ducts are located a distance apart, and a “Tee” duct or tube is run therebetween. One or more flexible membrane is positioned in the Tee duct to provide the acoustical performance. A length of the Tee duct can be varied to achieve the desired acoustical performance for a given application. For example, the length of the tube may be adjusted to adjust the distance from the source to the cancellation membrane to ensure that the pressures are 180 degrees out of phase. Other examples are possible.
- While the best modes for carrying out the many aspects of the present teachings have been described in detail, those familiar with the art to which these teachings relate will recognize various alternative aspects for practicing the present teachings that are within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (20)
1. A volumetric assembly, comprising:
a roots-type supercharger device having at least two supercharger rotors, with each of the rotors having two or more lobes, the roots-type supercharger defining a supercharger fluid inlet and a supercharger fluid outlet;
a roots-type expander device having at least two expander rotors, with each of the rotors having two or more lobes, the roots-type expander defining an expander fluid inlet and an expander fluid outlet;
a first duct extending from the supercharger fluid inlet, the first duct supplying fluid to the roots-type supercharger device; and
a second duct extending from the expander fluid outlet, the second duct directing fluid away from the roots-type expander device, wherein the first duct is positioned adjacent to the second duct, and wherein the first duct defines a first aperture and the second duct defines a second aperture, the first and second apertures being generally aligned; and
a flexible membrane positioned between the first and second ducts in the first and second apertures, the flexible membrane sealing the first duct from the second duct, and the flexible membrane flexing as fluid flows within the first and second ducts to attenuate noise associated with the fluid flows.
2. The volumetric assembly of claim 1 , wherein the flexible membrane includes at least one fold to enhance a flexibility of the flexible membrane.
3. The volumetric assembly of claim 2 , wherein the assembly is configured to synchronize a first speed of the roots-type supercharger device with a second speed of the roots-type expander device.
4. The volumetric assembly of claim 3 , wherein each of the supercharger rotors has four lobes, and each of the expander rotors has two lobes, and wherein second speed is twice that of the first speed.
5. The volumetric assembly of claim 1 , wherein the assembly is configured to synchronize a first speed of the roots-type supercharger device with a second speed of the roots-type expander device.
6. The volumetric assembly of claim 5 , wherein each of the supercharger rotors has four lobes, and each of the expander rotors has two lobes, and wherein second speed is twice that of the first speed.
7. The volumetric assembly of claim 1 , wherein the flexible membrane is made of a polymeric material.
8. The volumetric assembly of claim 7 , wherein the flexible membrane includes a plurality of folds to enhance a flexibility of the flexible membrane.
9. A system, comprising:
a power source; and
a volumetric assembly, the volumetric assembly including:
a roots-type supercharger device having at least two supercharger rotors, with each of the rotors having two or more lobes, the roots-type supercharger defining a supercharger fluid inlet and a supercharger fluid outlet, the supercharger fluid outlet being connected to the power source to provide fluid for boosting the power source;
a roots-type expander device having at least two expander rotors, with each of the rotors having two or more lobes, the roots-type expander defining an expander fluid inlet and an expander fluid outlet, the expander fluid inlet being coupled to the exhaust of the power source to provide fluid to the expander fluid inlet, and the roots-type expander device applying torque to the power source;
a first duct extending from the supercharger fluid inlet, the first duct supplying fluid to the roots-type supercharger device; and
a second duct extending from the expander fluid outlet, the second duct directing fluid away from the roots-type expander device, wherein the first duct is positioned adjacent to the second duct, and wherein the first duct defines a first aperture and the second duct defines a second aperture, the first and second apertures being generally aligned; and
a flexible membrane positioned between the first and second ducts in the first and second apertures, the flexible membrane sealing the first duct from the second duct, and the flexible membrane flexing as fluid flows within the first and second ducts to attenuate noise associated with the fluid flows.
10. The system of claim 9 , wherein the flexible membrane includes at least one fold to enhance a flexibility of the flexible membrane.
11. The system of claim 10 , wherein the system is configured to synchronize a first speed of the roots-type supercharger device with a second speed of the roots-type expander device.
12. The system of claim 11 , wherein each of the supercharger rotors has four lobes, and each of the expander rotors has two lobes, and wherein second speed is twice that of the first speed.
13. The system of claim 9 , wherein the system is configured to synchronize a first speed of the roots-type supercharger device with a second speed of the roots-type expander device.
14. The system of claim 13 , wherein each of the supercharger rotors has four lobes, and each of the expander rotors has two lobes, and wherein second speed is twice that of the first speed.
15. The system of claim 9 , wherein the flexible membrane is made of a polymeric material.
16. The system of claim 15 , wherein the flexible membrane includes a plurality of folds to enhance a flexibility of the flexible membrane.
17. A method of boosting an internal combustion engine and recovering energy from an exhaust of the internal combustion engine, the method comprising:
providing a roots-type supercharger device to boost the internal combustion engine, the roots-type supercharger having an inlet duct;
providing a roots-type expander device to recover energy directly or indirectly from the exhaust of the internal combustion engine, the roots-type expander device having an outlet duct;
positioning the inlet duct adjacent to the outlet duct; and
configuring a membrane positioned in an aperture between the inlet and outlet ducts to flex as pressure changes within the inlet and outlet ducts.
18. The method of claim 17 , further comprising forming at least one fold in the membrane to enhance flexibility of the membrane.
19. The method of claim 17 , further comprising synchronizing speeds of the roots-type supercharger device and the roots-type expander device.
20. The method of claim 17 , wherein the roots-type expander device recovers energy indirectly from the exhaust through a working fluid in an organic Rankine Cycle.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US14/854,680 US20160003254A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-09-15 | Noise cancellation by phase-matching communicating ducts of roots-type blower and expander |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US201361793499P | 2013-03-15 | 2013-03-15 | |
PCT/US2014/025790 WO2014151461A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-13 | Noise cancellation by phase-matching communicating ducts of roots-type blower and expander |
US14/854,680 US20160003254A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-09-15 | Noise cancellation by phase-matching communicating ducts of roots-type blower and expander |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/US2014/025790 Continuation WO2014151461A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-13 | Noise cancellation by phase-matching communicating ducts of roots-type blower and expander |
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US20160003254A1 true US20160003254A1 (en) | 2016-01-07 |
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US14/854,680 Abandoned US20160003254A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-09-15 | Noise cancellation by phase-matching communicating ducts of roots-type blower and expander |
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US (1) | US20160003254A1 (en) |
CN (2) | CN104047855A (en) |
DE (1) | DE112014001407T5 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014151461A1 (en) |
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US10851788B2 (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-12-01 | Ingersoll-Rand Industrial U.S., Inc. | Vacuum pump with noise attenuating passage |
CN111734630A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2020-10-02 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Take fuel cell roots formula air compressor machine of energy recuperation function |
CN111535889B (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2021-01-05 | 江苏科瑞德智控自动化科技有限公司 | Low-quality waste heat efficient utilization system |
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US20020060226A1 (en) * | 2000-08-09 | 2002-05-23 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Apparatus and method for delivering liquids |
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US8544453B2 (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2013-10-01 | James E. Bell | Supercharger cooling |
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GB695556A (en) * | 1950-03-03 | 1953-08-12 | Vickers Electrical Co Ltd | Improvements relating to the reduction of pulsations produced in fluids by the operation of pumps, blowers, fans, internal combustion engines, and the like |
JPS5654926A (en) * | 1979-10-05 | 1981-05-15 | Wallace Murray Corp | Combination of internal combustion engine and supercharger |
DE3227459A1 (en) * | 1982-07-22 | 1984-01-26 | Wankel Gmbh, 1000 Berlin | Arrangement for the supercharging of an internal combustion engine |
US20050198957A1 (en) * | 2004-03-15 | 2005-09-15 | Kim Bryan H.J. | Turbocompound forced induction system for small engines |
DE102006046232A1 (en) * | 2006-09-26 | 2008-04-03 | Iav Gmbh Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto Und Verkehr | Internal combustion engine operating method, involves discharging part of volume flow, which is necessary for internal combustion engine, from rotary piston machine through outlet, and feeding part of volume flow to combustion engine |
TW200905080A (en) * | 2007-06-08 | 2009-02-01 | Sequal Technologies Inc | Diaphragm muffler and method of use |
DE102010017558A1 (en) * | 2010-06-24 | 2011-12-29 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc. | Internal combustion engine for driving motor vehicles, has cylinder head and turbine, where dosing device, which is provided for dosing liquid coolant in cavity for evaporation |
CN203547984U (en) | 2012-02-29 | 2014-04-16 | 伊顿公司 | System, volume fluid expander and energy recovery system, used for generating useful work |
-
2014
- 2014-03-13 DE DE112014001407.9T patent/DE112014001407T5/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-03-13 WO PCT/US2014/025790 patent/WO2014151461A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-03-14 CN CN201410182566.0A patent/CN104047855A/en active Pending
- 2014-03-14 CN CN201420221488.6U patent/CN204163987U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-09-15 US US14/854,680 patent/US20160003254A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US6289882B1 (en) * | 2000-02-10 | 2001-09-18 | Eaton Corporation | Controlled engagement of supercharger drive cluth |
US20020060226A1 (en) * | 2000-08-09 | 2002-05-23 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Apparatus and method for delivering liquids |
US20070217939A1 (en) * | 2006-03-20 | 2007-09-20 | Kazuho Sato | Gas-compression module for a fuel cell |
US8544453B2 (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2013-10-01 | James E. Bell | Supercharger cooling |
Also Published As
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CN204163987U (en) | 2015-02-18 |
WO2014151461A1 (en) | 2014-09-25 |
DE112014001407T5 (en) | 2016-01-07 |
CN104047855A (en) | 2014-09-17 |
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