US2015735A

US2015735A - Safety lock

Info

Publication number: US2015735A
Application number: US596134A
Authority: US
Inventors: Thomalla Theo
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1930-12-04
Filing date: 1932-03-01
Publication date: 1935-10-01
Anticipated expiration: 1952-10-01

Description

Oct. 1, 1935. T. THOMALLA Y SAFETY L cK Filed March 1, 1932 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 Oct. 1, 1935. TQTHOMALLA ,0

SAFETY LOCK Filled. March 1, 1932 '7 Sheets-Sheet 2 7137 32 1.6. 7&9 7537.10

- r 1 19 g o:

T. TH MALLA SAFETY LOCK Filed March 1, 1932 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 Oct. 1, 1935. 'r. THOMALLA 2,015,735

SAFETY LOCK Filed March 1', 1932 '7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Oct 1, 1935.

T. THOMALLA SAFETY LOCK Filed March 1, 1932 '7 Sheets-Sheet 6 T. THOMALLA Oct. 1, 1935;.

SAFETY LOCK Filed March 1, 1952 T Sheets-Sheet 7 Jzzpr ace g-i xaku Patented Oct. 1, 193.5

UNITED STATES-L ATENT, ()F'FICE 2,015,735 SAFETS'Z LOCK Theo Thomalla, Solingen, Germany Application March 1, 1932,,Serial No. 596,134

The present invention relates to locksand more particularly to a locking mechanism for use for direct and indirect locking, unlocking and unlatching by means of a key or other manipulating members.

. The principal object of the invention is-to simplifythe construction and increase the safety of the locks to a greater extent than is. obtainable in the hitherto known constructions.- v

With this object primarily in'view the invention consists in a locking mechanism comprising a casing having a part carrying a bolt and a l part within which tumblers are accommodated characterized in that a cylindrical lock member is mounted in the last named part of thecasing,

which look member comprises a cylindrical box which serves for locking the two parts of the casing together and for closing the, lock and which is adapted to be directly connected to the handle, said lock member containingthe tumblers, which latter control and secure a transverse bolt which is preferablyspring' controlled hooks, when'the lock is opened with the proper key, engages the under part of a bridge member provided on the transverse bolt and secures the latter in the raised position. v g I Fixed wards and intermediate spacing plates or discs are preferably associated in known manner with the tumbleraeach of said wards vbeing provided with two slits and with pins projecting within the range of action of the key.

.The rotatable box carrying the tumblers is provided with toothed projections which. act upon the main bolt of the lock and secure .the box against lateral displacement.

The tumblers are preferably retained in the rotatable box by means of end plates on which handles may be arranged.

Some preferred constructional forms of the device according to the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying draw? mg v I In the said drawings: Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a lock provided with a. device'ac'cordin-g t9 the nvention,

Germany December 4, 1930 16 Claims. (Cl. 70-46) Fig. 2 is a vertical section corresponding thereto drawn to a somewhat larger scale,-

Fig.3 is a detail of the main bolt employed in the lockin plan,

Fig. 4 is a cross section of the casing the arrangement of the tumblers, the

- key and the handle and also illustrating the way' in which the lock according to the previous figures is held together by means of the rotatable box and the main bolt, 10

Fig. 5 illustrates a detail showing a preferred construction of a handle'for use withthe device, the said-handle beingadapted to be constructed of sheet metal and bent over. as shown,-

Fig. 61s a cross section of the handle shown in Fig. 5,

Figs. 7 to 10 show tumblers and spacing plates for use according to the invention, and

Figs. 11 to 19 show various modified constructional forms of the device according to the in- 20 vention as applied to looks of. different kinds.

Figures 20 to' 36 show various constructional ,forms indicating applications of the invention in many different ways and. illustrating the universal manner in which the partsconstituting the invention may be applied. Referring to the drawings:

a In the lock illustrated in Fig. 1 the reference I numeral l denotes a'main' bolt which is guided in a sleeve 2 co nstituting a part of the casing of the lock. The lock casing comprises a second part 3 constituting a shell. The sleeve 2 and the shell 3 are each provided with a-recess; the sleeve 2 beinginserted laterally into the recess of the shell '3 in such manner that the recess in the sleeve 2 is located within the recess in the shell3 and the sleeve 2 secures the shell 3 against lateral withdrawal. Within theshell 3 a rotatable cylindrical box 6 is arranged which is adapted to engage with "the bolt I through the aforesaid recesses. If de- 40 sired, for'example in the case of iron doors and thin metal doors, the sleeve 2 and the shell 3 can,

be replacedby a suitable housing.

ner, which tumblers are provided withan recthe lock showing 5 Y centric peripheral cam surface adapted to engage with a transverse bolt 1, as seen in Fig. 2, so that when the tumblers are rotated clockwise or to the left in Fig. 2 by means of a key the said bolt is pressed out of the box and when the key is turned in the reverse direction is caused to slide into the box again. The said transversebolt may be employed to lock the cylinder 6 against rotation and thus to prevent the operation of the main bolt or,

suitably enlarged, it may be employed as the principal locking member itself in conjunction with the tumblers as hereinafter described. The rotatable box containing the tumblers which is otherwise inaccessible is supplied with oil through the medium of the groove 4. By the engagement of the teeth of the bolt l with the tooth projections of the box 6, the latter is secured not only against lateral withdrawal but also against excessive rotation. By the employment of this means of fixing the tumbler box by the aid of the bolt externally visible screws are avoided so that the lock according to the constructional example illustrated is particularly suitable for the doors of houses, flats and the like. In cases where it is not desired to provide a handle on the outside, the tumbler box 6 is provided at a suitable place with a projection, so that the box may, for example, be directly connected with an internal handle, while the opposite end of the box is closed as shown in Fig. 4 by means of a disc 20 provided with stop and guide members for the passage of the key. After the box 6 and the shell 3 have been disengaged from one another the bolt 1 may be moved by turning the key, the whole of the said box turning with the tumblers. The locking of the box 6 and the shell 3 is efiected by means of the bolt 1. When the tumblers are turned clockwise or to the left in Fig. 2 by'means of the key the bolt 1 is pressed into a recess 8 of the shell 3 and when the tumblers are turned in the reverse direction the said bolt is pressed out of the recess again by the aid of springs l0 and is locked by means of thetumblers. The springs l0 meanwhile press the bolt continuously against the latter, so that any displacement of individual tumblers is impossible, the bolt being located after each opening and closing operation in a recess l5a provided in the periphery of the tumblers. The groove 4 of the bolt I serves the purpose of conveying lubricating oil not only to the bolt 1 but also by the aid of lateral slots and conduits to all the surfaces of the lock in wise supplied in this way to the bolt 1.

frictional contact with one another. Oil is like- In the constructional example illustrated the bolt I is provided with lateral lugs upon which springs l0 act. The transverse bolt 1 may be of a circular or rectangular cross section and is, as shown in the drawings, provided with a slot H with which the tumblers engage.

Fig. 7 shows a fixed ward secured within the box. It has a recess at the lower part for the reception of the bolt 'I. The said plate is attached to the box 6 at any suitable place by means of a distance pin II. The said pin which is adapted to limit the movement of the tumblers, passes through recesses l3 and i4 provided in intermediate packing or filling rings I3a (Fig. 9)

and in tumblers 50 (Fig. 10) and is fixed in end pieces l9, which latter may be made integral either on one or both sides of the lock with the box 6, or with a door handle, or may be rivetted or screwed to the box, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. In the middle of the ward plate 4! shown in Fig. 7 an aperture 21 having an upper and a lower guide slot is provided through which, either when the tumblers 50 (Fig. 10) are in the open position or when they are in the locked position, the key can be passed- The intermediate rings l3a shown in Fig. 9 are held in position by the distance. pin H in the recess I3 and by the enclosing wall of the box. The said intermediate rings may be made of wire of circular or rectangular cross section. The rotatable tumblers 50 (Fig. 10) are provided with a slot l4 through which the pin ll passes 10 and are also provided with a recess on their periphery which forms a cam surface l5 and a claw Hi. When the lock is operated prior to the tuming of the box 6, the cam surface l5 gradually recedes from the bolt 1 so that the latter passes 15 out of the locked position. The lock cannot be tampered with by operating individual tumblers 50 inasmuch as when, during the turning movement of an individual tumbler the cam surfaces l5 of the other tumblers bear against the bolt 1 20 and the said bolt 1 is thereby held in position.

The fixed wards shown in Figs. '7 and 8 may be provided on one side or on both sides with pins l 8 projecting into the adjacent packing rings l3a, which pins are of diiferent lengths and are ar-- 25 ranged unsymmetrically. Access to the tumblers is only possible at very small parts of the holes 2'! (Fig. 10). The key 9 is provided with recesses 9a in accordance with the length and position of the. pins l8 and the central openings of the 30 tumblers. The said recesses thus'allow the key to pass the pins I8 and render it possible to operate the tumblers effectively. For filling up the space in the interior of the box, rings or plates, as shown in Fig. 9 may be alternately interposed 5 between the tumblers 50. By varying the thicknesses of the tumblers and plates and the thicknesses and lengths of the pins l8 a very great variation in the keys can be obtained by means of the device according to the invention, while at 40 the same time it offers greater security, the security being increased by the action of the bolt I. The end piece I 9 and disc 20 cover up the interior of the device and prevent it from being taken off. On the end piece l9 a rotatable key hole escutcheon 2| rests and is held in place by a screw threaded cap 23. The escutcheon is provided with a slot of irregular shape as shown in Fig. 1 visible from the exterior so that it is possible for anyone to see at once whether the lock 50 is open or closed, inasmuch as the escut'cheon 2| will always remain in the position in which it stood when the key was last withdrawn.

A similar arrangement is provided on the other side of the look, but in this case the end piece 55 22 carries a handle-like extension or has a handle 24 fitted to it by means of another threaded cap 23. The device may of course be provided with handles on both sides or the handles may be omitted entirely. The cap 23 and the handle 60 24 likewise serve to secure the tumbler box.

Fig. 11 shows a modified constructional form of the device, wherein a stronger bolt 1 and an improved arrangement of the controlsprings of the latter are employed to obtain greater security. Instead of employing two springs arranged one at each side as in Fig. 4, the springs 25 (three in number in the construction illustrated) are arranged centrally; The guide casing 2a for the main bolt lb is in this construction made of elon- 70 gated cross section and can be formed by boring two or more holes and connecting them by tangential cuts. It is thus possible to employ a bolt of elongated cross section of any desired strength. When it is desired to provide an extra locking 75 feature on one side of the look, a bolt 26 adapted to be moved as hereinafter described, into engagement with the medial recesses 21 of-the tumblers may be provided so that the .key cannot" be inserted-and operated from the other side when the bolt 26 is in such engagement. In addition .to this, locking members or pins 28 having inclined teeth 28a sliding on corresponding inclined surfaces on the rotary handle part 29a in known manner may be provided which members, as hereinafter described, engage with registering grooves 3g and 6b formed on. the-shell 3 and the tumbler box 6 and lock these latter together. By themovement of the said members the bolt 26 is likewise pushed forward into a locking position by means of -a pin 26a connected to a cap 28b carrying the said members'28.

The handlemay be constructed in the form of a rosette 29a with or without a knob 29,- as indicated in Fig. 11, or it maybe constructed in .the form shown in Fig. 1.3 at 24. By means of 29a, is turned in a clockwise direction as viewed from the left in the figure, the inclined surfaces 291) slide over the inclined teeth 28a. During this movement the locking members or pins 28 are pushedinto the grooves 3g and 6b and when the rosette 29a is turned in the reverse direction they move back again under the action of the spring" 280. If the inclined teeth 28a and the inclined surfaces'2-9b are constructed after-the manner mounted being employed in either case. In the latter case the tumblers can also be locked from the inside-by means of the key, and the knob 29 may be constructed in the form shown in Fig.

13 so that it does not project veryfar from the door. In-order in the case of constructional forms similar to that shown in Fig. 11; to prevent the possibility of locking the mechanismby means of the key from the outside the bolt 26 is so arranged that when the knob 29 is turned the said bolt is simultaneously pushed into the key hole, as a result of which the-rear tumblers 50 (which are notshown in the drawings) are locked by the said bolt 26 and can no longer be turned. In consequence oi! this the front tum-' blers can also no longer be turned, inasmuch as they are securely fixed to the rear tumblers by the bolt- 1 in the position shown in Figs. 11 and 12. By. means of this arrangement it is rendered possible for a person located on the inside of the door to open the lockwithout hindrance, for ex-' ample in the. case of fire. I

Another modified constructional form according to the invention is illustrated in Fig. 12. This constructional form is intended to eliminate the disadvantage, which has sometimes been found to arise with the previously described constructions,

parts laand lb and one ormoredistance pins 30 are provided. The distance pins are located between the bolt la and the door plate 36. The said pins serve the purpose of preventing the part la of the bolt from moving up against the part lb under the action of a strongspring 5. Be-

' tween the part la and the part lb of the bolt,

which latter is guided in known manner, a weaker spring 35 is provided, so that, when the door is banged to, only the said weaker spring operates in the first place, while when the lockis operated by, means of a key, the handle or the like and the it) whole bolt is pushed back, the strong spring 5 comes into operation. For this purpose the part I a of the bolt is connected to the part lb by means *ofaclaw3l.

A further modified constructional form according to the invention is illustrated in Fig. 13, this constructional formbeing particularly applicable in the case of new buildings when it is desired to attach the handles to the lock only after the painters work has been completed. -As will be seen from Fig. 13' the handle 24 can be removed together with thebox 6 and the tumblers. When soremoved the box 6 maybe secured'to the .screwed'cap'33 by means of a grub screw 34, which is no longer accessible after th'edevice has been inserted in the shell 3.

Another modified constructional form accord- 3 ing to the inventionis illustrated in Fig. 14, this form being particularly applicable'to the case when the door handle lock is supportedon the inner side by a distance piece or the like. In this case the rotatable box 6 isdivided in the middle so that the inner handle .or the like is independent of the outer handle. The bolt la is divided in similar manner as shown in-the figure. Fig. 15 shows the application of the device to a circular lock. The general construction re-' mains substantially the same, but in this case the bolt is of arcuate form and is arranged around the member carrying the tumblers. 7 Instead of the box 3 and the sleeve12the shell 3/2 -is, in this case, so constructed-that thebolt lc is located within the saidshell 3/2 and can be drawn out of engagement either by turning the box 6 or by operating the lug ld projecting from the shell 3/2. During the closing operation the bolt la is meanwhile locked by the transverse 'bolt 1. 0n turning the key 9b the curved sur.

face of the tumbler presses the bolt I back into the recess of the bolt lc. On. turning the tumv blers 50a in the reverse direction the spring 25a presses the bolt 1 back into the recesses ofthe said tumblers. The bolt l co-operates. at its front end on the locking movement and the opening movement with a hook-likecatch 31, which latter may be arranged, for example, on a, slid-; ingdoor, a case, bag or the-like. Thelug Id is omitted when the lock is applied to sliding doors, but on the other hand when the lock is applied to suit-cases or the, like; it is provided .and pro- 60.

Fig. '16 shows a constructional form asapplied to a portfolio. From this constructional ex:-

ample it will be seen that two hook like members .31a and two bolts for locking them may be'provided in the shell 3!. v

Fig. 17 illustrates a constructional form according to the invention as applied to a.-boxlook; In this caseit ispreferable toprovide .the

" tumbler box with two levers 3a and 3b, the

one lever is co-operating with the main bolt 38 Ito lock andunlockit, and the otherlever ibili acting through the medium of a spring on a ball 40 adapted to engage a recess 39 in the bolt 38 tohold it in the unlocked position. The box 3 is connected with a door handle of any suitable kind (not shown). The bolt 38 is preferably set at an angle in order that the automatic forward movement of the handle should be facilitated. When the handle is drawn back the conical recess 39 provided on the bolt 38 is brought into engagement with the spring-controlled ball 40, in order to lock the said-bolt 38 in position and prevent it from springing forward when undesired. The ball 40 which may be replaced by a roller if desired, moves during this operation into a position slightly in front of the door plate 4| and when the door is closed it is pushed backwards so as to release the bolt 38. The bolt 38 may be secured in its locking position by providing it with a recess 43 with which a lever 42 mounted in the casing engages. In this way the locks may be constructed so as to be operable by a very small key, inasmuch as the last-mentioned securing means can be actuated by a very small movement, which movement is preferably associated with the movement of the handle.

Fig. 18 illustrates a complete lock unit according to the invention together with the tumblers. In locks of this kind the tumblers are arranged in a. separate box 45, and projections 44 are provided which engage with grooves 44a of the box 6 and grooves 44b of the box 45. The projections 44 serve for holding the plates 41 in position. By the use of this construction the unit can be inserted in any ordinary lock and can be readily interchanged when repairs are necessary, so that the complicated dismantling operations are avoided. The stationary locking members may consist of the aforesaid projections 44 which pass through apertures in the casing. -In the constructional form according to Fig. 18 the bolt la is constructed in the manner shown in Fig. 19 and the tumblers 50 are made particularly thick. On the other hand the hook-like members iii are made thinner than the tumblers 50 and engage with thin centralparts 46 provided on the bolt la (see Fig. 19)-.- The projections 44 of the stationary ward plates 41 are located in slots Mb formed in the shell 45.

Fig. 19 shows a particular constructional form of a bolt la for the tumblers. The bolt, which is preferably made as shown of circular cross section, may be of large size, inasmuch as it is provided with the aforesaid thin central parts 46 with which the tumblers 50 can engage.

As aforesaid Figures 20 to 36 indicate the almost unlimited possibilities of construction and application of the devices according to the invention; The figures further show various actions of the individual parts which, just according to the manner in which they are assembled and arranged, may operate directly or indirectly and may serve either for closing, coupling, locking, connecting or the like. The figures further show the mode of operation of the tumblers when they are turned individually by means of a skeleton key and when they are turned together with one another by means of the proper key.

Figure 20 shows the elements of the lock built into a casing or housing Ma. In this construction, besides the bolts I, l", the tumbler 6a also serves for locking. Figure 21 shows that the bolts I, I" may be located in the casing Ma and outside of the cylinder in an externally'arrangcd guide 41c instead of the sleeve 2 and that the hand operated closing device according to Fig. 11 indicated by the

reference letters

28, 28a, 29a, 29b, 26 and so forth can also, when pressing members or the like 24, 24a are employed, be arranged together on one and the same side; or

else together or separated on both sides.

Figure 22 shows the elements according to the invention arranged in the form of a steering member for vehicles. The device serves at the same time as a control member and a lock with all the necessary adjusting devices. In this construction, the locking means may, as desired, be arranged either with or without the box 45 or again without the bolt I.

Figure 23 shows a cross section of Fig. 22 at the height of the bolt 1 together with the springcontrolled locking parts I, 1 which serve for locking the box 45 and the box 28b.

Figure 24 shows a construction having a direct action of the tumblers 50 which secure a bolt 7 passing in from the exterior. The bolts I, I" are arranged similarly to those in Fig. 15 around the box 6 and operate after the manner of hooks.

Figure 25 shows the fixed ward 41 with a recess 41a for the passage of the bolt 1 and a similar recess 41a for the passage of a second bolt 1 25 or Ta respectively. The lug 44a serves for retaining the ward in the

box

5 or 45 respectively.

Figure 26 shows the ward 41 adapted to be built into the box according to Fig. 18, and having a prolonged lug 4, M for further engage- 30 ment in the box 6. If the box 45 is to be individually rotatable as in the construction shown in Fig. 22, then the lug 44a is made shorter.

Figure 2'7 showsa cylindrical bolt la (such as is illustrated in Fig. 12) together with a double bolt 25a (see Fig. 11). A second bolt la is provided as is also shown in Figs. 28 and 29.

While Figures 2, l2, and 15 show a single bolt 1, la in the inner engaged position, Figure 24 shows a bolt in the same position, but in this case, the box is stationary. From this it will be seen that even when the bolt 1, la is inwardly engaged, the tumblers alone can themselves serve for locking by the aid of their hooks l6. In the same manner, or in a similar manner, the bolt 1 or the double bolt 1, la and 25a can also serve alone for direct locking.

Figures 11, 27, 28 and 29 show a double bolt 1a, 25a of this kind. In this case, the bolt 25a efiects the locking when the bolt la is inwardly engaged. A further bolt Ia (Fig. 28) may also be provided which serves for preventing rotation when the bolts la or 1 respectively are in the outer position as shown in Figure 29. In the open position the upward bolt la secures the device and after a quarter turn, the left hand one does so (see also Figs. 27 and 28).

The effect of a right hand turning of the tumblers with the correct key is 'as shown in Fig.

23. During this movement the bolt 1 slides along the curve l5 and passes into the recesses 61a of the wards according to Fig. 25. The hook l6 can engage in or around the bolt (c. f. Fig. 4, slot I 1 and bolt 1). If only one individual tumbler is turned or if all the tumblers are not turned 65 at the same time, (see Fig. 27) then the bolt 1 or la cannot slide down but remains stationary through the action of the tumblers 50 (Fig. 25) located at'the rear. If the tumblers are not all turned back at the same time, the bolt remains, in spite of this, in the outer locked position and the hooks l6 are located below the bolt 1 as is shown by the wrongly locked position of the tumblers in Fig. 20. If the tumblers had all been turned back at the same time in the right manner,

then the hook It would be located not below but tumblers. The extent 0! the variations in the above the part of the bolt with which it-engages.

In the arrangements shown in Figs, 24 and 29 faulty locking is impossible,

' Figures 30' and 31 show thesame lock elements according to the invention, the sleeve *2 and the box 3 being cast in one piece-to form a single casin'g. In' the constructions shown in these figures, instead of'the bolt, a rotary member la: is provided, which, in the construction shown in Fig. 30, is rotatable and slidable, whilst in the case of the construction shown in Fig. 31, the said member is locked not only by thebox 6, but also by the bolt 1. In Fig. 31. the recess-6c is turned towards the top and the continuous part of the periphery of the cylinder 6 is turned round into the recess of. the bolt or rotary member la: so as to effect the locking action whilst in the' construction shown in Fig. 30, the member la: is rotatable and 'slidable. I

Figure 32 shows a similar arrangement wherein immovable. The bolt I must, however, previously have been pushed into the rotary member Ia: by

rotation of'the knob 24'. The cylinder 6 and the bolt l are provided with corresponding inclined surfaces .or the like. The cap, screw or the like 23' prevents the cylinder 6 being taken out.. The

'said belt I can be dispensed with if the bolt is, as shown in Fig. 33, screwed onto the plate 36. The device is directly locked bythe tumblers 50 Y after the manner shown in Fig. 24.

Figure 34 shows the same arrangement with a cylinder arranged transversely to the rotary-memher In, bolt orthe like, which cylinderlocks the rotary member by means of the projection 22, the bolt being adapted to be displaced through the medium of the thread of the cylinder.

Figures 35 and 36 show to an enlarged scale,. keys according to the invention and in each case one subdivision of the interior of the cylinder into] thousand millions of diflferent keys can be or tamed. The more subdivisions taken oflE the other fields, the greater willthe field a: be. .The field a:

can then bearr'anged eitheron the right hand side or on the'left hand side or between'the hundred graduations so that thereby a still larger number of difi'erentkeys (one hundred times ten thousands .of millions) can be obtained. The field may, however, be subdividedin similar manner tothat set forth. With each individual alteration of the fields: one billion and ten thousands of millionsof diiferent kinds of keys are obtainable. These figures are attained'with only the two recesses 9a and 9a. (Fig. 36). It's. greater number oi suchr'ecesses are provided, then for each alterationoithe recesses 9a and for each altered arrangement otthe pins ll, billions of further different shapes or keys can be obtained. Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 36, the tumblers; and j the stationary wards can be arranged alternately a or irregularly. and the variations may bemade eithenlnthestationarywards or in rotary shape of the keys'is, in view of the practically infinite possibilities of application of the device, almost inconceivable, especially when it is borne in mind that each ofthe fields a to k may, instead 5 serving for locking the two parts of the casing together and for operating the bolt; handle means, 15

and means for connecting said handle means di-' rectly to said cylindrical box; tumblers arranged in said bolt operating member; and a spring controlled transverse bolt controlled and secured from transverse bolt comprising locking peripheral 25 parts for securing said transverse bolt in the locking position and hooks formed at the end of I said peripheral parts; and wherein said transverse bolt includes a bridge member the under part of which is engaged by said hooks when the lock is opened with the proper key; whereby said transverse bolt is secured in the unlocked position.

' 3. Locking mechanism comprising in combination: a two part casing; a main bolt arranged in 35 one part of said casing; a cylindrical bolt operating member mounted in a. second part of said'casing'and comprising a cylindrical box serving for locking the two parts of the casing together and for operating the bolt; handle means, and means 40 I for connecting said handle means directly to said cylindrical box; tumblers arranged in said bolt operating member; a spring controlled transverse bolt controlled and secured from movement by said tumblers and adapted to lock said box to said casing; fixed wards arranged in said cylindrical box and provided with slits; and pins on said wards located within the range of action of the key.

4. Locking mechanism comprising in combination: a two part casing; a main locking bolt arranged in one part of said casing; a cylindrical bolt operating member mounted in a second part of said casin'gand comprising a rotatable cylindrical'box serving for locking the two parts of the casing together and foroperating the bolt, said t said box against lateral displacement; tumblers i arranged in said bolt operating member; and a spring controlled-transverse bolt controlled and secured from movement by said tumblers and adapted to lock said box to said casing.

- 5. Locking mechanism comprising in combina- 66 .tion: a two part casing; a main locking bolt arranged 'in'one part at said casing; a' cylindrical bolt operating member mounted in a second part of, said casing and comprising a rotatable'cylindrical box serving for locking the two parts-oi the, 70

' plates and secured by said caps.

7. Locking mechanism comprising in combination: a two part casing; a main locking bolt arranged in one part of said casing; a cylindrical bolt operating member mounted in a second part of said casing and comprising a cylindrical box serving for locking the two parts of the casing together and for operating the bolt; handle means, and means for connecting said handle means to said cylindrical box; tumblers arranged in said bolt operating member; a spring controlled transverse bolt controlled and secured from movement by said tumblers and adapted to lock said box to said casing; additional locking members; a

' rotatable end cap having inclined teeth and actuating said locking members, said locking members including a third bolt engaging recesses in said tumblers when said cap is operated.

8. A locking' mechanism, as specified in claim 1, wherein said main bolt comprises a rear part; a strong spring controlling said rear part; a front part; a weak spring controlling said front part; and distance pins arranged between the rear part and the door plate and spacing said rear part away from said front part.

9. A locking mechanism, as specified in claim 1, wherein said handle means comprises an inner and an outer handle and said box comprises two parts formed by dividing it in the middle, and said bolt also comprises two parts likewise formed by dividing the latter in the middle, whereby the inner handle is enabled to operate independently of the outer handle.

10. A locking mechanism, as specified in claim 1, in further combination: a lever arm on said box co-operating with said main bolt to lock and unlock it; a second lever arm on said box; a spring acted upon by said second lever arm; and a ball acted upon by said spring and engaging a recess in said main bolt to hold it in the unlocked position.

11. A locking mechanism, as specified in claim 1, in further combination 'with: a lever arm on said box co-operating with said main bolt to lock and unlock it; a second lever arm on said box; a spring acted upon by said second lever arm; a ball acted upon by said spring and engaging a recess in said main bolt to hold it in the locked position; and a third lever arm mounted in said casing and cooperating with said transverse bolt to form an additional locking device. r I i 12. A locking mechanism, comprisingin combination: a two part casing; a main locking bolt arranged in one part of said casing; a cylindrical bolt'operating member mounted ina second part of said casing and comprising a cylindrical box serving for locking the two parts of the casing together. and for operating the bolt, the firstnamed part-of said casing surrounding the second part thereof; handle means, and means for connecting said handle means directly to said cylindrical box; tumblers arranged in said bolt operating member; and a spring controlled transverse bolt controlled and secured from movement by said tumblers and adapted to lock said box to -said casing.

arranged in said bolt operating member; and a spring controlled transverse bolt controlled and secured from movement by said tumblers and adapted to lock said box to said casing.

14. A locking mechanism consisting of a readily attachable and detachable lock unit comprising in combination: a casing; a cylindrical rotatable box provided with grooves arranged within said casing; a second box arranged within said first named box; tumblers arranged within said second box; hook members on said first named box 0 engaging said tumblers in the locking position; and projections on said second box engaging with the grooves of said first named box.

15. A directly operating locking mechanism for locking, unlocking and unlatching, comprising in combination: a two part casing; a main locking bolt arranged in one part of said casing; a cylindrical bolt operating member mounted in a second part of said casing and comprising a cylindrical box serving for locking the two parts of the easing together and for operating the bolt, the first- 40 named part of said casing surrounding the second part thereof; handle means, and means for connecting said handle means directly to said cylindrical box; tumblers arranged in said bolt oper- 4 ating member; and a spring controlled transverse bolt controlled and secured from movement by said tumblers and adaptedto lock said box to said casing.

16. A directly operating locking mechanism for lockin unlocking and unlatching, comprising in combination: a two part casing; a main locking bolt arranged in one part of said casing; a cylindrical bolt operating member mounted in a second part of said casing and comprising a cylindrical box serving for locking the two parts of the easing together and for operating. the bolt, the firstnamed part of said casing surrounding the second part thereof; means for enabling said first-named part to move relatively to said seccndpart; handle 0- means, and means for connecting said handle means directly to said cylindrical box; tumblers arranged in said bolt operating member; and a spring controlled transverse bolt controlled and secured from movement by said tumblers and 5 adapted to lock said box to said casing.

THEO THOMALLA.