US20150300639A1 - Rotary ploughs for gasifiers - Google Patents

Rotary ploughs for gasifiers Download PDF

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Publication number
US20150300639A1
US20150300639A1 US14/481,646 US201414481646A US2015300639A1 US 20150300639 A1 US20150300639 A1 US 20150300639A1 US 201414481646 A US201414481646 A US 201414481646A US 2015300639 A1 US2015300639 A1 US 2015300639A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
elongate
component
plough
rotary
opposed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US14/481,646
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jacobus Andreas Stadler
Andrei Frederik KOEKEMOER
Marnus Tertius BEUKMAN
Nkosinathi HADEBE
Daniel Francis
Gavin Shawn DEAS
Johannes Marthinus DU TOIT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sasol Technology Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
Sasol Technology Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sasol Technology Pty Ltd filed Critical Sasol Technology Pty Ltd
Assigned to SASOL TECHNOLOGY (PROPRIETARY) LIMITED reassignment SASOL TECHNOLOGY (PROPRIETARY) LIMITED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BEUKMAN, MARNUS TERTIUS, DEAS, GAVIN SHAWN, KOEKEMOER, ANDREI FREDERIK, STADLER, JACOBUS ANDREAS, FRANCIS, DANIEL, HADEBE, NKOSINATHI, DU TOIT, JOHANNES MARTHINUS
Publication of US20150300639A1 publication Critical patent/US20150300639A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H15/00—Cleaning arrangements for grates; Moving fuel along grates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/34—Grates; Mechanical ash-removing devices
    • C10J3/40—Movable grates
    • C10J3/42—Rotary grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H13/00—Grates not covered by any of groups F23H1/00-F23H11/00
    • F23H13/08—Grates specially adapted for gas generators and also applicable to furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/09—Mechanical details of gasifiers not otherwise provided for, e.g. sealing means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H2700/00—Grates characterised by special features or applications
    • F23H2700/005—Rotary grates with vertical axis

Definitions

  • Both the short straight plough and the Sasol® Banana PloughTM are mounted on the upper rotatable grate component of the rotatable grate assembly at an angle to the direction of rotation, such that the leading face of the plough functions to scrape ash particles from an ash bed in a gasification chamber radially inwardly via a central ash discharge passageway or annulus into an ash chamber disposed below the rotatable grate assembly.
  • a number of ploughs e.g. four ploughs, are symmetrically mounted on the rotatable grate assembly.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 3,516,078 relates to the incineration of waste and to an incinerator apparatus in which refuse is consumed by burning over a stationary grate while simultaneously being agitated and conveyed along said grate by a series of conveyor ploughs.
  • a combustor comprises broadly a perforated stationary grill located within a combustion chamber.
  • a pair of troughs runs longitudinally along the grill and an endless drive chain is disposed in each trough.
  • Ploughs are mounted on the centre of and along the length of each drive chain. In use, the chains pass about horizontally oriented axes of rotation passing through the centre of sprockets at each end of the grill.
  • Each plough is rearwardly V-shaped, with a uniform linear downward and rearward sweep from a leading central apex to the outer tips of the wings thereof.
  • the trailing edge of each plough is substantially vertical and the ploughs describe an elongate rectangular path with rounded ends, in use.
  • WO 2006/061738 describes the components and the operation of a fixed bed coal gasifier. It discloses the use of the Sasol® Banana PloughTM in a fixed bed gasifier and its reverse mode of operation.
  • the state of the art Sasol® Banana PloughTM is attached to a rotatable grate component such that the Sasol® Banana PloughTM passes with limited clearance over an ash collection surface. Ash is continuously withdrawn from the bottom of a gasification zone by rotation of the rotatable grate component and the Sasol® Banana PloughTM continuously discharges ash through an ash discharge passageway.
  • WO 2006/061738 discloses the location and use of the Sasol® Banana PloughTM but is silent on the functional design of the Sasol® Banana PloughTM. WO 2006/061738 also does not disclose any operational problems associated with the Sasol® Banana PloughTM or methods to solve them.
  • WO 1999/10094 specifically focuses on the grate component of a fixed bed coal gasifier and discloses information on the operation of the ash extraction assembly. It also discloses the use of the Sasol® Banana PloughTM which is operational in the reverse mode but does not disclose any information on its method of functioning.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,138,957 describes a bottom feed biomass gasification system that does not recirculate gases through a fixed bed. The gases are directed to a secondary heating chamber to maintain the desired operating temperature in a primary heating chamber.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,138,957 discloses that the ash discharge system has four symmetrically spaced paddles that are mounted on the periphery of a rotary band which rotates in a clockwise direction.
  • the paddles comprise “generally radial front walls” which appear to be vertical.
  • the paddle surface (radial front walls) sweeps the ash forwardly to an ash discharge passageway located between the chamber wall and ash discharge system.
  • JP 2011083773 describes a process for the removal of melted ash produced in a biomass gasification process.
  • a rotary scraper spans the horizontal surface of a floor of a reaction chamber.
  • a “scratching finger” is connected to ends of the rotary scraper. Slag is directed forwardly by the “scratching finger” and after a single revolution of the rotary scraper; the slag is discharged through a discharge outlet located between the wall of the reaction chamber and the rotary scraper.
  • the design of the “scratching finger” is undisclosed, however, a top view of the “scratching finger” leads to the conclusion that it is rectangular in shape with vertical faces.
  • GB 548082 describes a mechanism for keeping a rotating plough in a rotatable gas generator stationary.
  • the plough rotates with an ash pan and gas producer and does not turn out ash.
  • the mechanism is engaged and the plough is held stationary, ash will be removed from the producer.
  • the ash plough itself is not shown nor is its design or specific functioning described.
  • CA 2188736 describes a fixed bed biomass gasification system, of which a primary chamber has a raised table for supporting the bed of biomass.
  • the waste removal system consists of four ploughs that are symmetrically located at the periphery of a ring member on a rotating table and removes ash and waste from the chamber to accumulate in a channel that spans the chamber wall. The ash and waste material are then pushed to a waste aperture located in the floor of the chamber.
  • Two of the ploughs are formed with scraping members that extend inwardly towards an apex of the table to scrape ash from the annular zone to the waste aperture. The scraping members also break up clinkers that form on the edge of the table.
  • GB 141056 serve for clinker breaking and mixing above the grate.
  • GB 141056 is silent on the functional design of the scraper itself. As ash is removed toward the periphery in GB 141056, no surface is provided for displacing ash radially inward.
  • EP 0159420 describes the gasification of solid fuel in a fixed bed system.
  • the metal body may include or may be in the form of at least two separable parts or components, a first part or component defining one of the non-parallel elongate faces and a second part or component defining the other of the non-parallel elongate faces, and with each of the first and second parts or components defining at least a portion of the connector.
  • both the first part and the second part may each have a connector portion which defines a joint seat to receive and seat a joint portion of the connector portion of the other of the second and first parts.
  • the joint seat and joint portion of a connector portion may thus be defined by or may be the same part of said connector portion.
  • the mounting apertures may be positioned and spaced to fall on an arc of a single segment of an imaginary circle.
  • said arc is common to the mounting apertures.
  • said imaginary circle may have a diameter of between about 2000 mm and about 4000 mm, preferably between about 2600 mm and about 3400 mm, most preferably between about 2800 mm and about 3200 mm, e.g. about 3 060 mm.
  • said imaginary circle may have a diameter of between about 4000 mm and about 5000 mm, preferably between about 4200 mm and about 4800 mm.
  • the first ends of the elongate faces and the mounting means may be located on the same side of said second imaginary vertical plane.
  • both the first and the second part may include or define a mounting seat to receive and seat a portion of a rotatable grate component to which the rotary plough is to be mounted.
  • the connector may define a wall along at least a portion of a periphery of at least one of the mounting seats so that said wall abuts against said portion of a rotatable grate component received and seated in use by said mounting seat.
  • the wall may be located on the top of the metal body.
  • the wall may be formed by a depression or recess in the connector. Instead, or in addition, the wall may be formed by a raised area of the connector.
  • At least the major surfaces of the opposed elongate faces may be clad in a specially hardened material, e.g. a hardfacing such as PRO 100 (trade name) or Lincor 60 (trade name) hardfacing.
  • a hardfacing such as PRO 100 (trade name) or Lincor 60 (trade name) hardfacing.
  • portions of the top and the bottom of the connector are cladded in a hardened material.
  • the common periphery or edge of the upper and lower major surfaces of an opposed elongate face may be angled in a horizontal plane at an angle relative to the lower, elongate, vertical, major surface of the other of the opposed elongate faces which coincides with the angle at which the lower major surface is angled in a horizontal plane relative to the lower, elongate, vertical, major surface of the other of the opposed elongate faces.
  • the common periphery or edge of the upper and lower major surfaces and the lower major surface may be in a common vertical plane.
  • the common periphery or edge of the upper and lower major surfaces of an opposed elongate face may define at least a portion of a top periphery of the lower major surface of the opposed elongate face
  • the plough portion may end at the second end in a rounded toe curving upwardly from the bottom to the top of the plough portion.
  • the joining means may be configured to join the plough part and said another plough part temporarily so that, if desired, the plough part and said another plough part can be separated.
  • the connector may define a wall along at least a portion of a periphery of the mounting seat so that said wall abuts against said portion of a rotatable grate component received and seated in use by said mounting seat.
  • the wall may be located on the top of the metal body.
  • the wall may be formed by a depression or recess in the connector. Instead, or in addition, the wall may be formed by a raised area of the connector.
  • the first imaginary vertical plane may coincide with a radius of said circle described by the rotary ploughs mounted to the rotary component.
  • Said first ends of the opposed elongate faces typically are closer to the axis of rotation of the rotary component than said second ends, and closer to each other than the second ends are to each other.
  • said at least one rotary plough typically is mounted to the rotary component to extend radially away from the axis of rotation, with the seconds ends being radially distal from the axis of rotation and with the rotary plough in plan view widening in a radial direction away from the axis of rotation.
  • the fasteners may be in the form of pins.
  • the pins may be tack welded to the plough carrier.
  • the invention extends to use of the gasifier as hereinbefore described to gasify coal, waste or biomass, or a combination of two or more of coal, waste and biomass.
  • the gasifier is used to gasify coal at a pressure of between 5 bar(g) and 100 bar(g) and at a temperature of between about 400° C. and about 1600° C.
  • FIG. 8 shows a left side view of the rotary plough of FIG. 3 ;
  • the ploughs 17 may be of the short straight type or the Sasol® Banana PloughTM as hereinbefore described, or one or more of the ploughs 17 may be the improved solids-handling equipment rotary plough according to the invention.
  • the upper rotatable grate component 11 is configured to allow the ploughs 17 to be readily interchangeable.
  • the first end 304 and the second end 306 of the elongate face 302 are spaced further from each other than the top 204 and the bottom 202 are spaced from each other providing the elongate face 302 with a length (taken between the first end 304 and the second end 306 ) greater than a height (which is variable and which is taken between the bottom 202 and the top 204 ).
  • the first end 404 and the second end 406 of the elongate face 402 are spaced further from each other than the top 204 and the bottom 202 are spaced from each other providing the elongate face 402 with a length greater than a height.
  • the first ends 304 , 404 are closer to each other (in a horizontal plane) than the second ends 306 , 406 are to each other, rendering the opposed elongate faces 302 , 402 diverging in a direction from the first ends 304 , 404 towards the second ends 306 , 406 , as can be seen in FIG. 4 .
  • the lower planar vertical major surface 310 and the lower planar vertical major surface 410 are thus angled in a horizontal plane at an angle of about 12° relative to each other (and respectively at an angle of about 6° relative to the first imaginary vertical plane 206 ), as can clearly be deduced from FIG. 4 .
  • the connector 210 defines a mounting seat 220 to receive and seat a peripheral portion of a rotatable grate component (e.g. a portion of a shoe of a complimentary shape) to which the rotary plough 200 is mounted, such as the upper rotatable grate component 11 .
  • the mounting seat 220 is defined in the top 204 , i.e. in or on an upper surface of the connector 210 .
  • the mounting seat 220 is in the form of a recess or depression in the connector 210 .
  • a portion of the mounting seat 220 is defined by the first rotary plough component 300 and a portion of the mounting seat 220 is defined by the second rotary plough component 400 . These portions of the mounting seat 220 are spaced.
  • the mounting apertures 212 and 214 are located in the portion of the mounting seat 220 defined by the first rotary plough component 300 whereas the mounting aperture 216 is defined by the portion of the mounting seat 220 defined by the second rotary plough component 400 .
  • Each of the first rotary plough component 300 and the second rotary plough component 400 defines a portion of the carrier seat 230 .
  • the portions of the carrier seat 230 defined by the first rotary plough component 300 and the second rotary plough component 400 are spaced and are respectively located more or less beneath corresponding portions of the mounting seat 220 .
  • the three rotary ploughs 200 are mounted to the bottom of the rotary component 504 by means of their connectors 210 and the mounting apertures 212 , 214 and 216 defined in the connectors 210 .
  • Each rotary plough 200 is mounted such that the first imaginary vertical plane 206 of the rotary plough 200 coincides with a radius 508 of the circle described by the rotary ploughs 200 during rotation of the rotary component 504 about the axis of rotation 506 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Chain Conveyers (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
US14/481,646 2014-04-16 2014-09-09 Rotary ploughs for gasifiers Abandoned US20150300639A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA2014/02831 2014-04-16
ZA201402831 2014-04-16

Publications (1)

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US20150300639A1 true US20150300639A1 (en) 2015-10-22

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US14/481,646 Abandoned US20150300639A1 (en) 2014-04-16 2014-09-09 Rotary ploughs for gasifiers

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20150300639A1 (https=)
CN (2) CN105018151A (https=)
AU (1) AU2014206146A1 (https=)
IN (1) IN2015DE00001A (https=)
NZ (1) NZ630809A (https=)
ZA (1) ZA201406963B (https=)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106190336A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2016-12-07 无锡湖光工业炉有限公司 气化炉用风帽
CN107893998A (zh) * 2017-12-04 2018-04-10 福建汇鑫环保科技有限公司 立式热解气化炉的旋转炉排
CN114075459A (zh) * 2021-11-08 2022-02-22 西安交通大学 一种旋转炉排装置

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109735367B (zh) * 2019-03-11 2023-12-29 上海电气集团股份有限公司 下吸式气化炉
CN111423907B (zh) * 2020-04-03 2021-08-13 重庆秋松环保科技有限公司 热解气化炉自动清渣系统

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013110981A1 (en) * 2012-01-24 2013-08-01 Sasol Technology (Proprietary) Limited Rotary plough for gasifiers

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013110981A1 (en) * 2012-01-24 2013-08-01 Sasol Technology (Proprietary) Limited Rotary plough for gasifiers
US20150041716A1 (en) * 2012-01-24 2015-02-12 Sasol Technology (Proprietary) Limited Rotary plough for gasifiers

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106190336A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2016-12-07 无锡湖光工业炉有限公司 气化炉用风帽
CN107893998A (zh) * 2017-12-04 2018-04-10 福建汇鑫环保科技有限公司 立式热解气化炉的旋转炉排
CN114075459A (zh) * 2021-11-08 2022-02-22 西安交通大学 一种旋转炉排装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2014206146A1 (en) 2015-11-05
IN2015DE00001A (https=) 2015-10-23
CN204417432U (zh) 2015-06-24
ZA201406963B (en) 2015-12-23
NZ630809A (en) 2016-03-31
CN105018151A (zh) 2015-11-04

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AS Assignment

Owner name: SASOL TECHNOLOGY (PROPRIETARY) LIMITED, SOUTH AFRI

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:STADLER, JACOBUS ANDREAS;KOEKEMOER, ANDREI FREDERIK;BEUKMAN, MARNUS TERTIUS;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20141014 TO 20141029;REEL/FRAME:034259/0570

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION