US20150275474A1 - Hydraulic hammer device for excavators - Google Patents

Hydraulic hammer device for excavators Download PDF

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Publication number
US20150275474A1
US20150275474A1 US14/433,343 US201314433343A US2015275474A1 US 20150275474 A1 US20150275474 A1 US 20150275474A1 US 201314433343 A US201314433343 A US 201314433343A US 2015275474 A1 US2015275474 A1 US 2015275474A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
ripper
cylinders
cylinder
attacks
ground
Prior art date
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Abandoned
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US14/433,343
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English (en)
Inventor
Javier Aracama Martinez De Lahidalga
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Individual
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Individual
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=50434395&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=US20150275474(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority claimed from ES201231013U external-priority patent/ES1077891Y/es
Priority claimed from ES201231011U external-priority patent/ES1077883Y/es
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of US20150275474A1 publication Critical patent/US20150275474A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/30—Auxiliary apparatus, e.g. for thawing, cracking, blowing-up, or other preparatory treatment of the soil
    • E02F5/32—Rippers
    • E02F5/323—Percussion-type rippers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/96—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements for alternate or simultaneous use of different digging elements
    • E02F3/966—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements for alternate or simultaneous use of different digging elements of hammer-type tools
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
    • E02F9/2217—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives with energy recovery arrangements, e.g. using accumulators, flywheels

Definitions

  • the object of the present invention is a ripper-type hydraulic hammer device formed as an implement for an excavator which delivers blows to and digs up rock, concrete, asphalt, or any other type of ground and essentially consists of a hydraulic motor which receives oil flow and pressure from the excavator and is responsible for operating a series of elements hammering the ripper, giving it a movement which delivers blows to the ground.
  • Hydraulic hammers are extremely well-known in the field of public works as a basic implement for breaking hard grounds. These hammers are generally formed by an essentially cylindrical body internally housing a piston configured for delivering blows to a ground rod which, floating on at least one bushing, is responsible for attacking the ground.
  • the ground rod has a vertical stroke.
  • the operation of the hammer essentially starts from receiving oil from the excavator, putting pressure on the piston, such that it moves down very quickly and delivers blows to the ground rod, and the latter in turn delivers blows to the ground.
  • the piston moves up, the piston returns the oil to the excavator and loads a nitrogen chamber, such that nitrogen pressure strongly pushes against the piston, delivering blows to the ground rod and the ground accordingly.
  • ground rod is a floating element independent of the piston, since it must logically be made of a much stronger structure. If the piston was delivering blows directly, it would have to be made of special steel, and furthermore, in the event that it wore out, the entire assembly would have to be replaced, which would increase the cost of the system disproportionally. Given the floating structure supported on special bushings, the ground rod generates side clearances during use which in a long run results in the ground rod tilting and blows being delivered to the piston in a non-planar manner, so if there is no constant maintenance, the ground rod deforms, causing the piston and therefore the hammer to break in many cases. Examples of conventional or simplified hammers can be found in patent documents U.S. Pat. No. 5,445,323 and ES2296139.
  • Patent documents describing different hammer configurations with different distributions for solving different technical problems include ES2181716 (preventing water hammer in drilling), ES1075243 (boring and delivering blows by means of rotating the ground rod) and ES2296153 (describing a hammer having a distribution valve with improved tightness).
  • Patent document U.S. Pat. No. 6,517,164 combines the advantages of hydraulic hammers and rippers. Nevertheless, its structure is not compact, rather they are elements exchangeable through force transmission means which, in practice, means that the implements for attacking the ground are floating implements and therefore would also tend to break along their connection and rotating shaft.
  • Another patent document combining both devices is U.S. Pat. No. 4,666,213, but as in the preceding case they are non-integrated superimposed devices that suffer from the same problems as conventional hammers.
  • the present invention relates to a hydraulic hammer device for excavators comprising at least one ripper and an energy accumulator where the energy accumulator is integrally connected to said ripper and located on the longitudinal shaft thereof, the ground being attacked on said shaft between the retracted and deployed positions of the ripper and characterized in that it comprises a cylinder which is integrally connected to the ripper and housed therein.
  • a second particular embodiment comprises at least two cylinders integrally connected to the ripper and housed therein, forming between them an angle the vertex of which coincides with the shaft which attacks the ground; and where each of said cylinders comprises an energy chamber, the energy chambers of the cylinders communicating with one another, said cylinders being configured for alternating movement.
  • Energy chamber is understood as the pressure chamber in the upper portion of the cylinder which is compressed by the upward movement of the plunger (caused in turn by the injection of oil from the excavator) and is responsible for thrusting said plunger in its downward movement due to the accumulated pressure.
  • the energy chamber is typically filled with nitrogen and/or any compressible fluid, in general.
  • a piston does not have the same thrust at the start of the stroke as at the end.
  • the energy chambers of both cylinders are communicated to prevent this.
  • the pressure in both chambers would be about the same, therefore, the pressure would be kept constant in the stroke of both cylinders.
  • the pressure in both chambers will not be 100% constant since, as mentioned, the cylinder that moves down does so faster than the cylinder that moves up. Nevertheless, the fluctuation of pressures is minimal, which significantly improves yield compared to conventional hammers, without changing the pressure from the machine and without sending the oil to the return tank.
  • reaction to the blow compresses the accumulator, i.e., loading it, whereas the accumulator is unloaded when blow is delivered, i.e., it decompresses, adding the accumulated force to that of the blow itself due to the cylinders, since the accumulator is aligned with the attacking shaft, as indicated.
  • the accumulator advantageously dampens the transmission of vibrations to the rest of the machine.
  • the device object of the invention improves the yield of known hydraulic or pneumatic hammers working on particularly hard grounds, furthermore improving their service life.
  • Another advantage is that the combination of a ripper and a hammer allows both breaking up the ground (by means of the cylinder) and digging up the ground (by means of the ripper) something which is impossible up until now.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematized view of the device object of the invention in a practical embodiment with two cylinders ( 2 , 3 ).
  • FIG. 2 shows a view of the ripper ( 1 ) which is part of the invention, and of the arrangement of the cylinders ( 2 , 3 ) inside same.
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the device object of the invention, in which the arrangement of the cylinders ( 2 , 3 ) in relation with the entire device is shown, whereas
  • FIG. 4 shows a complete view of the assembly, except the outer protections of the ripper ( 1 ).
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematized view of the device object of the invention in a practical embodiment with a single cylinder.
  • the hydraulic hammer device for excavators object of the present invention is used for delivering blows to and digging up extremely hard grounds, such as rock (granite) and the like.
  • the device essentially comprises a ripper ( 1 ) itself, at the lower end of which there is arranged a tooth ( 11 ) connected to the body of the ripper ( 1 ) by means of a bolt ( 12 ) or the like, such that said tooth ( 11 ) can be replaced if it wears out.
  • a space ( 13 ) provided for such purpose there are housed two cylinders ( 2 , 3 ) integrally connected to the body of the ripper ( 1 ) and arranged with respect to one another such that the force vector (F 2 ,F 3 ) of both cylinders ( 2 , 3 ) is oriented towards one and the same point coinciding with the attack vector (F 1 ) which attacks the bottom of the ripper and which in this embodiment coincides with the connection point ( 12 ) of the tooth ( 11 ) with the ripper ( 1 ).
  • the angle is 14°, although said value will vary depending on the number of cylinders, since this number is only limited by the measurements of the body of the ripper ( 1 ), the only design condition being that all the force vectors are oriented towards the same point and that the latter coincides with the attack vector (F 1 ) of the ripper ( 1 ).
  • Each cylinder ( 2 , 3 ) comprises in its upper portion an energy chamber ( 21 , 31 ) filled with nitrogen (a compressible fluid, in general) such that when the plunger of the cylinder moves up due to the injection of oil from the excavator (not shown in the attached drawings), the fluid (i.e., the nitrogen) is compressed and when the machine stops injecting the oil, it is the pressure in said energy chambers ( 21 , 31 ) that thrusts the cylinder ( 2 , 3 ) downwards, delivering blows to the body of the ripper ( 1 ) itself in a region of impact ( 14 ).
  • nitrogen a compressible fluid, in general
  • said region of impact ( 14 ) can be formed by a dolly connected to the ripper ( 1 ) and replaceable in the case of deformation.
  • both chambers ( 21 , 31 ) To keep a quasi-constant pressure in both chambers ( 21 , 31 ), they are communicated with one another ( 22 ), facilitating the alternating movement of both cylinders ( 2 , 3 ) since when the first cylinder ( 2 ) moves down, the second cylinder ( 3 ) moves up and vice versa. Given that the cylinder that moves down is always faster, when the second cylinder ( 3 ) moves up and reaches the end, it sends a signal to a valve so that the first cylinder ( 2 ), which was on stand-by, starts to move up also. The alternating movement between both cylinders ( 2 , 3 ) therefore involves injecting oil to either cylinder, without returning to the machine.
  • the hammer-blow speed can be controlled through the injection of oil (more or less oil) to the cylinders ( 2 , 3 ) depending on the hardness of the ground.
  • the control element can be a shutoff cock, a valve or the like.
  • FIG. 5 shows how the device comprises a ripper ( 1 ) itself, at the lower end of which there is arranged a tooth ( 11 ) connected to the body of the ripper ( 1 ) by means of a bolt ( 12 ) or the like, such that said tooth ( 11 ) can be replaced if it wears out.
  • a cylinder ( 2 ) integrally connected to the body of the ripper ( 1 ) and arranged with respect to one another such that the force vector (F 2 ) of the cylinder ( 2 ) is aligned with the attack vector (F 1 ) which attacks the bottom of the ripper and which in this embodiment coincides with the connection point ( 12 ) of the tooth ( 11 ) with the ripper ( 1 ).
  • the cylinder delivers blows to a region of impact ( 14 ), where in another practical embodiment, said region of impact ( 14 ) can be formed by a dolly connected to the ripper ( 1 ) and replaceable in the case of deformation.
  • the hammer-blow speed can be controlled through the injection of oil (more or less oil) to the cylinder ( 2 ) depending on the hardness of the ground.
  • the control element can be a shutoff cock, a valve or the like.
  • An energy accumulator ( 4 ), preferably an air cushion or a pneumatic cylinder, is integrally connected between the body of the ripper ( 1 ) and the head ( 5 ) of the machine such that it is loaded (compressed) due to the reaction force of the blow of the cylinder ( 2 ) and unloaded (decompressed) when the device attacks the ground, since the accumulator ( 4 ) is aligned in said shaft, adding a new force component (F 4 ) in the blow. Due to this, the actual hammer-blow force is the sum of F 1 ( F 2 )+F 4 .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
US14/433,343 2012-10-03 2013-09-30 Hydraulic hammer device for excavators Abandoned US20150275474A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201231013U ES1077891Y (es) 2012-10-03 2012-10-03 Dispositivo percutor hidraulico para maquinas excavadoras
ES201231011U ES1077883Y (es) 2012-10-03 2012-10-03 Dispositivo percutor hidraulico para maquinas excavadoras
ESU201231013 2012-10-03
ESU201231011 2012-10-03
PCT/ES2013/070672 WO2014053686A1 (es) 2012-10-03 2013-09-30 Dispositivo percutor hidráulico para máquinas excavadoras

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20150275474A1 true US20150275474A1 (en) 2015-10-01

Family

ID=50434395

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/433,343 Abandoned US20150275474A1 (en) 2012-10-03 2013-09-30 Hydraulic hammer device for excavators

Country Status (23)

Country Link
US (1) US20150275474A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP2910689A4 (zh)
JP (1) JP2015532370A (zh)
KR (1) KR20150063412A (zh)
CN (1) CN104781475A (zh)
AU (1) AU2013326422A1 (zh)
BR (1) BR112015006987A2 (zh)
CA (1) CA2887378A1 (zh)
CL (1) CL2015000786A1 (zh)
CR (1) CR20150173U (zh)
EA (1) EA201590668A1 (zh)
EC (1) ECSMU15017016U (zh)
GT (1) GT201500079A (zh)
HK (1) HK1211639A1 (zh)
IL (1) IL237913A0 (zh)
MX (1) MX2015003480A (zh)
NI (1) NI201500044U (zh)
PE (1) PE20150588A1 (zh)
PH (1) PH12015500668A1 (zh)
SG (1) SG11201502383YA (zh)
TN (1) TN2015000116A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2014053686A1 (zh)
ZA (1) ZA201502982B (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20170138376A1 (en) * 2015-11-13 2017-05-18 Caterpillar Inc. Hydraulic buffer with fast startup
US10562165B2 (en) 2016-04-10 2020-02-18 Caterpillar Inc. Hydraulic hammer

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20170082437A1 (en) * 2015-09-21 2017-03-23 Caterpillar Inc. Plumb bob assembly for hyraulic hammer
ES2684509B1 (es) * 2017-03-31 2019-07-16 Talleres Betono S A Conjunto de percusion
KR102486334B1 (ko) * 2020-11-10 2023-01-09 (주)대동이엔지 저진동 브리오 리퍼조립체 및 이를 이용한 암파쇄공법

Citations (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2228445A (en) * 1938-10-12 1941-01-14 Velbiss Charles Dudley De Excavating bucket
US3386769A (en) * 1966-01-07 1968-06-04 White Pine Copper Co Rock-breaking apparatus
US3512284A (en) * 1969-06-02 1970-05-19 Freddie J Haynes Back hoe tooth structure
US3770322A (en) * 1971-04-12 1973-11-06 Caterpillar Tractor Co Apparatus for fracture of material in situ with stored inertial energy
US3958831A (en) * 1974-05-28 1976-05-25 Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho Tunnel excavator
US4044838A (en) * 1975-04-21 1977-08-30 American Tractor Equipment Corporation Automatic control for ripper tool
US4070772A (en) * 1974-09-30 1978-01-31 Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho Ground excavating apparatus
US4379595A (en) * 1981-02-17 1983-04-12 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Ripper with offset impacting means and slotted shank
US4602821A (en) * 1983-09-30 1986-07-29 Karl Schaeff Gmbh & Co. Maschinenfabrik Combined shovel and rock breaking chisel for an excavator
US4625438A (en) * 1985-09-20 1986-12-02 Mozer Daniel S Excavating bucket having power driven, individually controlled digging teeth
US4666213A (en) * 1985-09-27 1987-05-19 Howard Artis N Rock breaker tool
US4834461A (en) * 1987-11-18 1989-05-30 Caterpillar Inc. Control system for a multiple shank impact ripper
US4959915A (en) * 1989-03-06 1990-10-02 Caterpillar Inc. Impact bucket apparatus
US4991659A (en) * 1990-04-23 1991-02-12 Caterpillar Inc. Ripper assembly with pitch control and integral frame and push block
US5072993A (en) * 1990-12-24 1991-12-17 Caterpillar Inc. Self-contained shim pack assembly
US5094017A (en) * 1988-09-30 1992-03-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho Direct driven type shock ripper device
US6151784A (en) * 1998-02-25 2000-11-28 Izumi Products Company Attachment for construction machine
US6574891B1 (en) * 1998-03-10 2003-06-10 3786111 Canada Inc. Excavation bucket incorporating an impact actuator assembly
US20060214041A1 (en) * 2005-03-23 2006-09-28 Yao Jing J Vibratory milling machine having linear reciprocating motion
US7207633B2 (en) * 2003-10-14 2007-04-24 Astec Industries, Inc. Scaling assembly
US20110308117A1 (en) * 2007-08-16 2011-12-22 Jeong Yel Park Nipper
US20120187744A1 (en) * 2009-07-16 2012-07-26 Javier Aracama Martinez De Lahidalga Hydraulic ripper for excavators
US9086241B2 (en) * 2010-11-03 2015-07-21 Brokk Aktiebolag Demolition hammer arrangement for a remote-controlled working machine equipped with a manoeuvrable arm

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US3729137A (en) * 1971-04-12 1973-04-24 Caterpillar Tractor Co Mechanically actuated water cannon
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JPS50111107U (zh) * 1974-02-20 1975-09-10
US4984850A (en) * 1989-11-02 1991-01-15 Caterpillar Inc. Linear impact ripper apparatus
WO1994023171A1 (en) 1993-04-05 1994-10-13 Sds Pty. Ltd. Percussion drilling improvements
US5445323A (en) 1993-08-23 1995-08-29 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. High pressure fuel injector including a trapped volume spill port
US6517164B1 (en) 2000-08-07 2003-02-11 Richard E. White Hammer-ripper excavating system
SE528040C2 (sv) 2004-03-12 2006-08-15 Atlas Copco Constr Tools Ab Hydraulisk brythammare
SE528033C2 (sv) * 2004-03-12 2006-08-15 Atlas Copco Constr Tools Ab Hydraulslagverk
CN101319508A (zh) * 2007-06-08 2008-12-10 沈阳军区司令部工程科研设计院 多功能工程设备中的液压冲击振动系统
CN201384964Y (zh) * 2009-03-05 2010-01-20 天津辰龙重工机械有限公司 破碎锤用液压缸
ES1075243Y (es) 2011-02-02 2011-11-24 Salamanca Maria Cuadrado Martillo perforador acoplable a cualquier tipo de excavadora

Patent Citations (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2228445A (en) * 1938-10-12 1941-01-14 Velbiss Charles Dudley De Excavating bucket
US3386769A (en) * 1966-01-07 1968-06-04 White Pine Copper Co Rock-breaking apparatus
US3512284A (en) * 1969-06-02 1970-05-19 Freddie J Haynes Back hoe tooth structure
US3770322A (en) * 1971-04-12 1973-11-06 Caterpillar Tractor Co Apparatus for fracture of material in situ with stored inertial energy
US3958831A (en) * 1974-05-28 1976-05-25 Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho Tunnel excavator
US4070772A (en) * 1974-09-30 1978-01-31 Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho Ground excavating apparatus
US4044838A (en) * 1975-04-21 1977-08-30 American Tractor Equipment Corporation Automatic control for ripper tool
US4379595A (en) * 1981-02-17 1983-04-12 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Ripper with offset impacting means and slotted shank
US4602821A (en) * 1983-09-30 1986-07-29 Karl Schaeff Gmbh & Co. Maschinenfabrik Combined shovel and rock breaking chisel for an excavator
US4625438A (en) * 1985-09-20 1986-12-02 Mozer Daniel S Excavating bucket having power driven, individually controlled digging teeth
US4666213A (en) * 1985-09-27 1987-05-19 Howard Artis N Rock breaker tool
US4834461A (en) * 1987-11-18 1989-05-30 Caterpillar Inc. Control system for a multiple shank impact ripper
US5094017A (en) * 1988-09-30 1992-03-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho Direct driven type shock ripper device
US4959915A (en) * 1989-03-06 1990-10-02 Caterpillar Inc. Impact bucket apparatus
US4991659A (en) * 1990-04-23 1991-02-12 Caterpillar Inc. Ripper assembly with pitch control and integral frame and push block
US5072993A (en) * 1990-12-24 1991-12-17 Caterpillar Inc. Self-contained shim pack assembly
US6151784A (en) * 1998-02-25 2000-11-28 Izumi Products Company Attachment for construction machine
US6574891B1 (en) * 1998-03-10 2003-06-10 3786111 Canada Inc. Excavation bucket incorporating an impact actuator assembly
US7207633B2 (en) * 2003-10-14 2007-04-24 Astec Industries, Inc. Scaling assembly
US20060214041A1 (en) * 2005-03-23 2006-09-28 Yao Jing J Vibratory milling machine having linear reciprocating motion
US20110308117A1 (en) * 2007-08-16 2011-12-22 Jeong Yel Park Nipper
US8276681B2 (en) * 2007-08-16 2012-10-02 Jeong Yel Park Nipper
US20120187744A1 (en) * 2009-07-16 2012-07-26 Javier Aracama Martinez De Lahidalga Hydraulic ripper for excavators
US8870296B2 (en) * 2009-07-16 2014-10-28 Javier Aracama Martinez De Lahidalga Hydraulic ripper for excavators
US9086241B2 (en) * 2010-11-03 2015-07-21 Brokk Aktiebolag Demolition hammer arrangement for a remote-controlled working machine equipped with a manoeuvrable arm

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20170138376A1 (en) * 2015-11-13 2017-05-18 Caterpillar Inc. Hydraulic buffer with fast startup
US10245714B2 (en) * 2015-11-13 2019-04-02 Caterpillar Inc. Hydraulic buffer with fast startup
US10562165B2 (en) 2016-04-10 2020-02-18 Caterpillar Inc. Hydraulic hammer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GT201500079A (es) 2016-11-16
ZA201502982B (en) 2016-11-30
EP2910689A1 (en) 2015-08-26
PE20150588A1 (es) 2015-04-26
PH12015500668A1 (en) 2015-05-18
JP2015532370A (ja) 2015-11-09
HK1211639A1 (zh) 2016-05-27
EP2910689A4 (en) 2016-07-20
CR20150173U (es) 2015-05-25
WO2014053686A1 (es) 2014-04-10
CA2887378A1 (en) 2014-04-10
ECSMU15017016U (es) 2015-12-31
AU2013326422A1 (en) 2015-05-07
CN104781475A (zh) 2015-07-15
IL237913A0 (en) 2015-05-31
CL2015000786A1 (es) 2015-08-21
KR20150063412A (ko) 2015-06-09
TN2015000116A1 (en) 2016-06-29
MX2015003480A (es) 2015-06-22
SG11201502383YA (en) 2015-05-28
NI201500044U (es) 2015-05-29
EA201590668A1 (ru) 2015-08-31
BR112015006987A2 (pt) 2017-07-04

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