US20150252500A1 - Yarn having flame-retardant effect and textile fabric formed therefrom - Google Patents

Yarn having flame-retardant effect and textile fabric formed therefrom Download PDF

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Publication number
US20150252500A1
US20150252500A1 US14/429,146 US201314429146A US2015252500A1 US 20150252500 A1 US20150252500 A1 US 20150252500A1 US 201314429146 A US201314429146 A US 201314429146A US 2015252500 A1 US2015252500 A1 US 2015252500A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
core
flame
textile fabric
less
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US14/429,146
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English (en)
Inventor
Albrecht Labsch
Martin Gebert-Germ
Bernhard Muller
Axel Rußler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Glanzstoff Bohemia sro
Original Assignee
Glanzstoff Bohemia sro
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Glanzstoff Bohemia sro filed Critical Glanzstoff Bohemia sro
Assigned to GLANZSTOFF BOHEMIA S.R.O. reassignment GLANZSTOFF BOHEMIA S.R.O. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GEBERT-GERM, Martin, RUSSLER, AXEL, LABSCH, Albrecht, MULLER, BERNHARD
Publication of US20150252500A1 publication Critical patent/US20150252500A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/443—Heat-resistant, fireproof or flame-retardant yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/36—Cored or coated yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/20—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/40—Knit fabric [i.e., knit strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/444—Strand is a monofilament composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a yarn, which comprises, and in particular consists of, regenerated cellulose fibers produced by a spinning process, in particular a wet-spinning process, from viscose, and which has flame-retardant characteristics produced via a flame retardant spun into at least one portion of its regenerated cellulose fibers, and to textile structures produced from such yarns, in particular textile fabrics.
  • Such yarns have been known in the art for approximately 30 years. They are suitable, for several reasons, for use in textile fabrics for protective clothing (PPE (Personal Protection Equipment) sector). For one thing, this leads to cellulose fibers with improved wearer comfort compared to synthetic fibers, which is evidenced particularly in a higher capacity to absorb moisture. Moreover, cellulose, as a nonthermoplastic material, does not tend to undergo deformation, melting or increased clinging, even at elevated temperature. As a result of the flame-retardant characteristics, a sufficient resistance to the impact of fire is also achieved with such yarns having a sufficiently high flame retardant content, and, in particular, the combustion test according to DIN ISO 15025 is passed.
  • PPE Personal Protection Equipment
  • flame-retardant in flame-retardant characteristics first covers, in general, resistance to the action of flames and in particular also comprises resistance to the action of flames in that, after removal of the acting flame, the combustion is not promoted further. This corresponds approximately to an LOI of 25 or higher.
  • the commercially used regenerated fibers are staple fibers marketed under the trade names Lenzing® FR. With these staple fibers, it is also possible to combine other fibers made of wool and/or synthetic fibers that are resistant to high temperatures in the form of intimate mixtures, for example, for the purpose of reducing the costs of synthetic fiber yarns exclusively of high temperature-resistant synthetic fiber yarns.
  • the aim of the invention is to provide a yarn from which textile fabrics whose suitability for use under high stresses is improved can be prepared, particularly in the sector of protective clothing.
  • This aim is achieved by providing the yarn of the type mentioned at the start, which is characterized essentially in that it has, seen over its cross section, an inhomogeneous distribution of the spun-in flame retardant with a weight that is displaced towards the outside in relation to the yarn center.
  • the invention is based on the finding that the above-explained suitability for use which is not entirely satisfactory is due to an insufficient dimensional stability of the textile fabric under prolonged exposure to heat. Owing to the inhomogeneous distribution of the spun-in flame retardant, an area close to the center of the yarn having a relatively lower or infinitesimal flame-retardant material content is produced, which improves the dimensional stability of the entire yarn. To that extent it is surprising that an improved quality of textile fabrics with respect to extreme heat exposure is achieved not by an increased flame retardant addition, but instead by a decrease in flame retardant relative to the total weight of the textile fabric. In the preferred phosphorus-containing flame retardants, ecological advantages are also achieved in addition to economical advantages.
  • the spun-in flame retardant could be added as a dispersion in the form of a particulate solid to the spinning composition. It is preferable to use a phosphorus-containing flame retardant, in particular, 2,2′-oxybis[5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane] 2,2′-disulfide, also known under the trade name Exolit or Sandoflam.
  • a target phosphorus content relative to the cellulose is in the range of 2.5% or higher, preferably 2.8% or higher, moreover preferably 3.2% or higher, or even higher than 3.5%.
  • the yarn has a core-sheath structure, wherein the sheath comprises a higher flame retardant content than the core.
  • a quantitative core:sheath ratio of 4:5 or less, preferably 3:4 or less, in particular 2:3 or less, could be provided.
  • the sheath itself can have a homogeneous flame retardant distribution, just like the core.
  • the indicated quantitative ratios are suitable for meeting the standard of sufficient resistance against combustion (for example, according to combustion tests from EN ISO 11612 and EN ISO 469 with regard to EN ISO 15025), in particular if a textile fabric to be produced from the yarn comprises no additional components.
  • the yarn is a hybrid yarn.
  • the core of the hybrid yarn comprises, or consists of, a cellulose multifilament.
  • the core can here be flame-retardant-free with an LOI of 17.
  • the cellulose multifilament used for the core is spun according to modal methods that are known per se, that is to say the modified classic viscose method by means of which elevated resistance properties can be achieved.
  • parameter values for the quotient of elongation measured in percent and final pull off speed measured in meter per minute defined first process parameter is less than 2.5 or less than 2.0, preferably less than 1.67 or less than 1.5, in particular less than 1.3 or even than 1.25, but preferably greater than 0.75 and in particular preferably greater than 1.0.
  • the product of these two variables is preferable for the product of these two variables to be, on the one hand, greater than 3200, in particular greater than 3600 or in particular even greater than 4000; and, on the other hand, preferably less than 8000, in particular smaller than 7500 or even than 7000, in accordance with the parameter values of claims 14 to 17 of the unpublished Application PCT/EP2012/002069 of the same applicant.
  • the sheath of the hybrid yarn could be formed by a simple plying and twisting of additional regenerated cellulose fiber.
  • the yarn is a core spun yarn.
  • the production of core spun yarns per se is known to the person skilled in the art. It can be carried out on suitable commercially available machines.
  • the invention thus also discloses a hybrid yarn having a core made of regenerated cellulose fibers, which is entitled independently to be protected, and a winding comprising regenerated cellulose fibers made flame-resistant by means of a spun-in flame retardant, wherein, in particular, a textile fabric produced exclusively from the hybrid yarn, in the case of exposure to a temperature of 260° C. for ten minutes, undergoes a dimensional change of at most 10%, in particular at most 8%.
  • the core of this core spun yarn itself could even comprise a flame retardant, in particular in such a way as to shift the overall flame-retardant distribution.
  • the above-explained distribution with weight displaced towards the outside is particularly preferable.
  • the quotient of the titer of the core and the titer of the cover yarn (or winding) is preferably 0.75 or less, more preferably 0.6 or less, in particular 0.5 or less.
  • a (the) cover yarn of the hybrid yarn comprises, or consists of, a cellulose multifilament, in particular using the same viscose as that of the core, as a result of which the resulting mechanical and textile properties are as similar as possible.
  • cellulose multifilaments are described, in particular, in the as yet unpublished patent Application PCT/EP2012/002069 which has already been mentioned above. They consist of a high-strength, permanently flame-retardant yarn based on regenerated cellulose.
  • This yarn is also marketed under the trade name Viskont® FR and is particularly suitable for use as a lining, for example, in firefighting clothing, due to its very smooth surface, its high abrasion resistance and its high specific dry tear strength in the range from 28 to 30 cN/tex.
  • cover yarn of the hybrid yarn is preferable particularly in view of these characteristics, it would be entirely conceivable to form the cover yarn of the hybrid yarn on the basis of staple fiber yarns, even if as a result slight lower strength characteristics are achieved as a result, particularly in the abrasion behavior (Martindale, pilling tests).
  • the core spun yarn has a twist of 800 TPM or less, preferably 600 TPM or less, particularly preferably 400 TPM or less, but in particular of 200 TPM or more, preferably 250 TPM or more, in order to maintain, on the one hand, low grammages, and, on the other hand, sufficient fire protection and good structural integrity of the yarn.
  • the core the central core
  • the sheath the cover yarn/the winding
  • their regenerated cellulose fibers are spun according to the modal method.
  • the individual yarn used as winding as a result also has improved overall usage properties, for example, a higher wet modulus correlating with higher dimensional stability with regard to washing.
  • this titer is 220 dtex or less, preferably 190 dtex or less, in particular 167 dtex or less.
  • the invention also protects a textile fabric that comprises such a yarn, consists primarily of said yarn, or is formed purely from said yarn.
  • a textile fabric that comprises such a yarn, consists primarily of said yarn, or is formed purely from said yarn.
  • mixtures with other yarn types can be used, for example, aramid.
  • This textile fabric in the case of a temperature load of 260° C. for 10 minutes of exposure time, should have a hot air shrinkage of less than 10%, preferably less than 8%, in particular less than 6%.
  • the cloth can be one wherein the yarn according to the invention is used at least as warp yarn.
  • the textile fabric could also be a knitted fabric.
  • the textile fabric preferably has a grammage of 300 g/m 2 or less, preferably 250 g/m 2 or less, and in particular of 200 g/m 2 or less. As a result, it is possible to achieve good wearing comfort and at the same time satisfactory usage properties.
  • aramid could be used as weft yarn in the case of a cloth.
  • the textile fabric is a cloth, it is not subjected to further limitation with regard to the type of its structure.
  • twill weave of various types can be used, but linen weaves as well, and satin, rip, or Jacquard weaves can also be used.
  • the textile fabric has an abrasion resistance of at least 80,000 cycles, preferably at least 90,000 cycles, in particular at least 100,000 cycles under a load of 12 kPa (measured according to Martindale EN ISO12947-1, 2).
  • knitted fabrics made of the yarn according to the invention can be used for flame-resistant gloves, for example.
  • the cloths according to the invention can be used for clothing in the PPE sector, for example, for clothing for fire-fighting and military personnel, personnel in white rooms, foundries, furnaces and other professional groups at high risk of exposure to heat.
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagrammatic representation of a weave for an example cloth of the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a comparison of strength properties achievable by means of multifilament regenerated fibers in comparison to intimate mixtures of staple fibers as warp of a cloth.
  • a first example of a yarn according to the invention is a hybrid yarn, whose core is formed by the yarn Viskont HT dtex 67f38 S90, which is produced from the cover yarn Viskont HTFR dtex 167 f60 S90 in S600 and has a titer of 234 dtex.
  • the core here is flame-retardant-free, so that the flame retardant distribution consists the form of a step function with a step between core and winding from zero to the flame retardant concentration of the cover yarn Viskont HTFR.
  • This yarn is used as warp yarn for a cloth structure formed from a heterogeneous mixture.
  • the weft consists of 20 tex/1 aramid.
  • a twill weave 2/1 with a warp density of 30 Fd/cm and a weft density of 22 Fd/cm is used, see the diagrammatic representation of the weave in FIG. 1 .
  • the cloth produced was washed at 60° C. for 15 minutes and dried in the tumbler at 90° C. for 40 minutes.
  • the resulting grammage was 187 g/m 2 .
  • the material was not dyed for the intended use (lining for fire-fighting jackets). However, such dyeing would have no effect on the test results provided below.
  • the cloth was also studied at this temperature for possible ignition and/or melting, with a negative result (measurement procedures from NFPA 1971, EN ISO 11612 (for heat resistance according to ISO 17493 at 260° C.)).
  • Another embodiment example is a hybrid yarn which is also made in the form of a core spun yarn.
  • the core here forms a nonpermanently flame-retardant yarn dtex 110 f6 S90, the cover yarn or winding made of a permanently flame-retardant yarn dtex 110 f46 S90.
  • hybrid yarns with a ratio of nonpermanently flame-retardant to permanently flame-retardant yarns of more than 40:60 are still entirely capable of exhibiting very little shrinkage even at 260° C.
  • additional flame-retardant or flame-resistant fibers should be used for producing textile fabrics, since the flame protection effect of the hybrid yarn alone in that case no longer reliably ensures an afterflame duration (ISO 15025) of zero.
  • multifilament regenerated fibers is preferable compared to staple fibers or intimate mixtures of staple fibers.
  • higher strength values from 20% to 30% in the warp are achieved, if it consists of multifilament regenerated fibers and not of intimate mixtures of staple fibers.
  • FIG. 2 This is represented in FIG. 2 , which, to that extent, does not relate to the fabric according to the invention itself, but serves to explain the background for particularly preferred embodiments of the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
US14/429,146 2012-09-24 2013-09-20 Yarn having flame-retardant effect and textile fabric formed therefrom Abandoned US20150252500A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012018814.5 2012-09-24
DE102012018814.5A DE102012018814A1 (de) 2012-09-24 2012-09-24 Garn mit Flammschutzwirkung und daraus gebildete textile Flächengebilde
PCT/EP2013/002840 WO2014044401A2 (de) 2012-09-24 2013-09-20 Garn mit flammschutzwirkung und daraus gebildete textile flächengebilde

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US (1) US20150252500A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2898128A2 (de)
DE (1) DE102012018814A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2014044401A2 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10557219B1 (en) * 2018-12-28 2020-02-11 Brrr! Inc. Methods and compositions for cooling yarns and fabrics comprising a cellulosic fiber, and articles comprising same
US20210071354A1 (en) * 2017-11-11 2021-03-11 Natural Fiber Welding, Inc. Methods, processes, and apparatuses for producing welded substrates
US11905630B2 (en) 2019-02-22 2024-02-20 Jess Black Inc. Fire-resistant double-faced fabric of knitted construction

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20170067861A (ko) * 2014-10-14 2017-06-16 쿨코아 엘엘씨 하이브리드 얀, 하이브리드 얀의 제조 방법 및 하이브리드 얀으로 제조된 직물
ES2858151T3 (es) 2016-05-20 2021-09-29 Hoffmann La Roche Conjugados de PROTAC-anticuerpo y procedimientos de uso
WO2023056069A1 (en) 2021-09-30 2023-04-06 Angiex, Inc. Degrader-antibody conjugates and methods of using same

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US3046082A (en) * 1960-12-27 1962-07-24 Rayonier Inc Viscose process for the manufacture of low-shrink rayon
WO2008148126A2 (en) * 2007-06-01 2008-12-04 Ssm Industries, Inc. Flame resistant spacer fabric
WO2012100305A1 (en) * 2011-01-26 2012-08-02 Lincspun Ltd A multi-component yarn

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JP5188841B2 (ja) * 2008-03-05 2013-04-24 ユニチカトレーディング株式会社 複合紡績糸及び織編物
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US3046082A (en) * 1960-12-27 1962-07-24 Rayonier Inc Viscose process for the manufacture of low-shrink rayon
WO2008148126A2 (en) * 2007-06-01 2008-12-04 Ssm Industries, Inc. Flame resistant spacer fabric
WO2012100305A1 (en) * 2011-01-26 2012-08-02 Lincspun Ltd A multi-component yarn

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20210071354A1 (en) * 2017-11-11 2021-03-11 Natural Fiber Welding, Inc. Methods, processes, and apparatuses for producing welded substrates
US10557219B1 (en) * 2018-12-28 2020-02-11 Brrr! Inc. Methods and compositions for cooling yarns and fabrics comprising a cellulosic fiber, and articles comprising same
US11905630B2 (en) 2019-02-22 2024-02-20 Jess Black Inc. Fire-resistant double-faced fabric of knitted construction

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WO2014044401A3 (de) 2014-05-15
DE102012018814A1 (de) 2014-03-27
WO2014044401A2 (de) 2014-03-27
EP2898128A2 (de) 2015-07-29

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Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:LABSCH, ALBRECHT;GEBERT-GERM, MARTIN;MULLER, BERNHARD;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20150316 TO 20150325;REEL/FRAME:035263/0245

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