Classifications

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  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
  • C10L10/10—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving the octane number
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
  • C10L1/026—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for compression ignition
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
  • C10L1/1608—Well defined compounds, e.g. hexane, benzene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
  • C10L1/1616—Hydrocarbons fractions, e.g. lubricants, solvents, naphta, bitumen, tars, terpentine
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
  • C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
  • C10L1/1822—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10L1/1824—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms mono-hydroxy
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/185—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Aldehydes; Ketones
  • C10L1/1852—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Orthoesters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
  • C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
  • C10L2200/0461—Fractions defined by their origin
  • C10L2200/0469—Renewables or materials of biological origin
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
  • C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
  • C10L2200/0461—Fractions defined by their origin
  • C10L2200/0469—Renewables or materials of biological origin
  • C10L2200/0476—Biodiesel, i.e. defined lower alkyl esters of fatty acids first generation biodiesel
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L2270/00—Specifically adapted fuels
  • C10L2270/02—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
  • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a fuel composition for internal combustion engines.
• the present invention provides a fuel composition for internal combustion engines as an alternative fuel which is applicable not only to an engine using gasoline as a fuel but also to a diesel engine.
• the present invention has been made to resolve the above mentioned problems occurring in the prior arts, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel composition in which a fuel oil for internal combustion engines does not occur a phase separation phenomenon of water present in a small amount in the fuel during long-term storage and each components are fully mixed, thereby having less knock occurrence and more increased combustion efficiency. Also, it is another object of the present invention to provide a novel fuel composition containing biobutanol, having enhanced octane number, lowered harmful exhaust gas and thereby reduced environmental pollutants.
• the fuel composition for internal combustion engines containing biobutanol comprises a) 1 ⁇ 88% by weight of biobutanol or a mixture of biobutanol and butanol, b) 3 ⁇ 75% by weight of paraffinic hydrocarbon solvents, c) 3 ⁇ 35% by weight of toluene and d) 6 ⁇ 30% by weight of xylene, based on the total weight of the composition.
• the above fuel composition further comprises one or more additive selected from the group consisting of e) 1 ⁇ 20% by weight of butane derivatives, f) 1 ⁇ 30% by weight of pentane derivatives, g) 1 ⁇ 40% by weight of hexane derivatives, h) 1 ⁇ 45% by weight of benzene derivatives and i) 1 ⁇ 20% by weight of heptane derivatives.
• one or more additive selected from the group consisting of e) 1 ⁇ 20% by weight of butane derivatives, f) 1 ⁇ 30% by weight of pentane derivatives, g) 1 ⁇ 40% by weight of hexane derivatives, h) 1 ⁇ 45% by weight of benzene derivatives and i) 1 ⁇ 20% by weight of heptane derivatives.
• the above component b) used herein comprises paraffinic hydrocarbon or paraffinic hydrocarbon solvents having 4 to 28 carbon atoms or a mixture thereof.
• the fuel composition of the present invention may further comprise one or more additive selected from the group consisting of 1 ⁇ 85% by weight of aliphatic alkane and alicyclic alkane having 5 to 40 carbon atoms, 0.01 ⁇ 85% by weight of biodiesel, 1 ⁇ 43% by weight of kerosens, 1 ⁇ 32% by weight of Hi-sene, 1 ⁇ 36% by weight of Hi-nine, 0.1 ⁇ 5% by weight of lubricant base oil, 1 ⁇ 9% by weight of butyl cellosolve, 1 ⁇ 11% by weight of ethyl cellosolve, 1 ⁇ 13% by weight of isopropanol, 1 ⁇ 12% by weight of isobutanol and 1 ⁇ 19% by weight of aromatic hydrocarbon mixture.
• one or more additive selected from the group consisting of 1 ⁇ 85% by weight of aliphatic alkane and alicyclic alkane having 5 to 40 carbon atoms, 0.01 ⁇ 85% by weight of biodiesel, 1
• methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), ethyl tertiary butyl ether (ETBE) and the like are conventionally used as an octane number enhancer.
• MTBE methyl tertiary butyl ether
• ETBE ethyl tertiary butyl ether
• biobutanol itself serves to increase an octane number and thus, there is no need to use a separate octane number enhancer.
• bioethanol When using bioethanol, there is a disadvantage that bioethanol may allow to incorporate a moisture in air, thereby resulting in a phase separation phenomenon and a corrosion in transportation pipe. As such, there is need to use a corrosion inhibitor.
• the present invention has an advantage that it is not necessary to use a separate corrosion inhibitor.
• the alternative fuel for internal combustion engines according to the present invention may comprise the above fuel composition alone or in a mixture with a fuel for internal combustion engines or an alcohol fuel.
• the fuel composition for internal combustion engines according to the present invention can, when used as a fuel for internal combustion engines, significantly reduce the production and discharge of air pollutants from environment aspects, as compared with a conventional gasoline fuel. Also, the fuel composition of the present invention has increased cold-start up property and power performance as well as reduced noise generation in terms of energy efficiency, as compared with a conventional fuel for internal combustion engines.
• the present invention relates to a fuel composition for internal combustion engines, and also relates to an alternative fuel which comprises 1 ⁇ 88% by weight of biobutanol or a mixture of biobutanol and butanol, 3 ⁇ 75% by weight of paraffinic hydrocarbon solvents having 4 ⁇ 28 carbon atoms, 3 ⁇ 35% by weight of toluene and 6 ⁇ 30% by weight of xylene, based on the total weight of the composition.
• composition ratio is based on the total weight of the composition, unless described otherwise.
• the present invention provides a fuel composition which further comprises, as a phase separation inhibitor, one or more component selected from the group consisting of 1 ⁇ 9% weight of butyl cellosolve, 1 ⁇ 11% by weight of ethyl cellosolve or a mixture thereof, based on the total weight of the composition.
• the fuel composition of the present invention may further comprise 1 ⁇ 13% by weight of isopropanol, 1 ⁇ 12% by weight of isobutanol, 0.001 ⁇ 6% by weight of rosin, rosin derivatives, rosin acid compound or a mixture thereof, based on the total weight of the composition.
• the fuel composition for internal combustion engines according to the present invention may further comprise 1 ⁇ 19% by weight of aromatic hydrocarbon mixture.
• the above fuel composition for internal combustion engines further comprises, more preferably, 15 ⁇ 60% by weight of biobutanol or a mixture of biobutanol and butanol; 20 ⁇ 50% by weight of a mixture of paraffinic hydrocarbons having 4 ⁇ 28 carbon atoms; 5 ⁇ 19% by weight of toluene; 6 ⁇ 18% by weight of xylen; one or more phase separation inhibitor selected from 2 ⁇ 5% weight of butyl cellosolve, 0.5 ⁇ 6% by weight of ethyl cellosolve or a mixture thereof; 0.5 ⁇ 2% by weight of rosin, rosin derivatives, and rosin acid or a mixture thereof; and 3 ⁇ 12% by weight of aromatic hydrocarbon mixture, based on the total weight of the composition.
• the fuel composition of the present invention may further comprise one or more component selected from 2 ⁇ 6% by weight of isopropanol and 2 ⁇ 7% by weight of isobutanol, based on the total weight of the composition, thereby maximizing the phase separation inhibition effect.
• the present invention provides a fuel composition for internal combustion engines which further comprises one or more component selected from the group consisting of 0.01 ⁇ 85% by weight of biodiesel or a known diesel or a mixture thereof, 1 ⁇ 43% by weight of kerosene, 1 ⁇ 32% by weight of Hi-sene, 1 ⁇ 36% by weigh of Hi-nine, and 0.1 ⁇ 5% by weight of lubricant base oil.
• the benzene derivative refers to benzene and one or more benzene derivatives selected from solvents in which hydrogen radical of benzene is substituted by one through three C1-C3 alky groups, and includes toluene, xylene, benzene, ethylbenzene, 1-methyl-3-ethylbenzene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene, 1-ethyl-2,4-dimethylbenzene, indane, 1-methyl-3-propylbenzene and the like.
• butane, pentane, hexane and heptane derivatives refer collectively to compounds belonging to isomers and derivatives thereof.
• benzene may be used, but it is preferable to not use the same in order to prevent an environment pollution.
• the lubricant base oil may be used in the fuel composition of the present invention.
• the lubricant base oil includes a paraffinic base oil (content of the base oil: 45 ⁇ 70%), a naphthenic base oil (content of the base oil: 65 ⁇ 75%), an aromatic base oil (content of the base oil: 20 ⁇ 25%) and the like.
• examples thereof include one or more selected from engine oil, general industrial oil, electric insulating oil, refrigeration oil, process oil and the like.
• the lubricant base oil may be used to reduce the friction force or eliminate heat generated by the friction.
• the lubricant base oil is used in an amount of 0.1 ⁇ 5% by weight range, it is helpful to increase the fuel efficiency and reduce the heat due to the friction.
• the rosin, rosin derivative and rosin acid compound may be used in the fuel composition of the present invention.
• the rosin acid used herein refers collectively to organic acids contained in the rosin which can be obtained by distilling a fine resin. Rosin acid is a natural resin acid obtained by distilling a fine resin. The resin acid is a valuable resource which can hardly obtain from natural substances other than trees. From old times, fine resin has been used for the purpose of painting vessels or ships to prevent corrosion and of preventing slipping on strings of a stringed instrument. However, in most cases, the fine resin is modified for various uses.
• the chemical structures of resin acids comprise chemically active double bonds.
• the rosin acid refers collectively to organic acids obtained from distillation of a fine resin, and includes abietic acid, neoabietic acid, levopimaric acid, hydroabietic acid, pimaric acid, dextonic acid, palustric acid, or the like. When the rosin acid is in the amount of 0.5 ⁇ 2% by weight, it is effective in preventing corrosion.
• Biobutanol used as the component a) of the present invention is produced from biomass.
• Biobutanol serves to provide a high octane number and a high compression ratio for the fuel composition of the present invention. It also serves to prevent a phase separation and achieve a high combustion efficiency.
• biobutanol has low vapor pressure and thus it can be used in a large quantity. Particularly, biobutanol has high density, a cold start-up property is excellent.
• the content of biobutanol may range from 1 ⁇ 88% by weight and preferably 2 ⁇ 70% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. If the content is less than the range, it is impossible to obtain sufficient effect of increase in the octane number and sufficient compression ratio. Meanwhile, if the content exceeds the range, fuel consumption is increased.
• the component b) used in the present invention may include paraffinic hydrocarbon, paraffinic hydrocarbon solvent or a mixture thereof.
• the fuel composition for internal combustion engines is characterized in that the component b) includes C4 ⁇ C28 paraffinic hydrocarbon, paraffinic hydrocarbon solvent or a mixture thereof mixed with small amount of cycloparaffinic hydrocarbon or the like, which are liquids at room temperature.
• Trivial names thereof include canadol, isoparaffin hydrocarbon, ligroin, naphtha ligroin, refined solvent naphtha, VM&P naphtha, vanish marker's naphtha, naphtha Stoddard solvent, white spirits, Stoddard solvent naphtha, Stoddard solvent organic solvent, enamel thinner, mineral thinner, rubber solvent(naphtha), Vasol, hydrotreated light straight run(petroleum), naphtha(petroleum), hydrotreated light naphtha or the like.
• Brand name thereof conventionally used all over the world include 1520 Naphtha and Exxol Hexane Fluid available from ExxonMobil; Techsol-S and kixxsol available from GS-Caltex; and SBP1 (Special Boiling Point), SBP4 (Special Boiling Point), Solvent-1 and Solvent-5 (cleaning solvent) available from SK.
• SBP1 Specific Boiling Point
• SBP4 Specific Boiling Point
• Solvent-1 and Solvent-5 cleaning solvent
• toluene or xylene may be further added in order to more improve explosive force or fuel efficiency of an engine.
• toluene in the range of 3 ⁇ 35% by weight and preferably 10 ⁇ 30% by weight and xylene in the range of 6 ⁇ 30% by weight based on the total weight of the composition, it is possible to sufficiently improve the explosive force and fuel efficiency of the engine without generation of soot and smoke due to incomplete combustion.
• the xylene component refers generally to xylene isomer alone or a mixture thereof.
• the phase separation inhibitor is a component which prevents generation of moisture during long-term storage of the fuel and condensation of water in the fuel vessel at the time of injecting the fuel into an automobile; or which prevents separation of some water incorporated from other components to cause knocking at the time of fuel combustion in engine, or lowering the fuel efficiency.
• one or more component selected from 1 ⁇ 9% by weight of butyl cellosolve, 1 ⁇ 11% by weight of ethyl cellosolve or the like may be used. Additionally, one or more component selected from 1 ⁇ 13% by weight of isopropanol, or 1 ⁇ 12% by weight of isobutanol may be used.
• Such phase separation inhibitor is preferably used to lengthen the life of engines. More preferably, when using one or more component selected from butyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve or a mixture thereof, it serves as the more excellent phase separation inhibitor.
• the isopropanol serves to increase physical miscibility between the compositions by reducing interfacial tension between hydrophilic ethanol as a main fuel source in the present invention and hydrophobic aromatic compounds.
• the isopropanol may be used in an amount of 1 ⁇ 13% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.
• the butanol may include isomers thereof, e.g. normal butanol, isobutanol, secondary butanol, tertiary butanol and the like.
• Biobutanol using biomass as an alternative fuel to petroleum is economical in an aspect of securing the raw material since the biobutanol uses wood based raw material which occupies 97% of total vegetable biomass, and is excellent as a transportation fuel since the biobutanol has excellent property as an alternative fuel to gasoline as compared with bioethanol.
• biobutanol stated to be produced using microbial fermentation from early 1990s, it went into decline as the petrochemical industry was rapidly developed at 1950s. Recently, as an age of high oil prices is fixed, biobutanol is again emerged as a next generation fuel that can substitute petroleum.
• the butanol can be more easily stored and transported as compared with existing bio-fuel using ethanol, and still has high thermal efficiency.
• the reason that the butanol has more advantage than the ethanol is because of its chemical structure.
• the ethanol is difficult to be stored and has a critical disadvantage of corroding a transportation pipe.
• butanol can utilize an existing infrastructure such as a crude oil transportation pipe without installation of additional equipment.
• butanol contains, as a main component, biobutanol derived from biomass. Particularly, since butanol has a lower vapor pressure than ethanol, butanol can be mixed in a higher ratio than ethanol. Also, butanol has low volatility and extremely low discharge amount of soot and smoke.
• Butanol can improve the cold start-up property that is a disadvantage of ethanol, and can reduce excessive fuel consumption that is, particularly, a disadvantage of alcohols. Also, since butanol has high thermal efficiency, it has excellent effect to enhance fuel efficiency and reduce exhaust gas. Further, butanol has excellent effect of preventing the phase separation even though moisture exists in the fuel. Butanol is particularly advantageous as a fuel for internal combustion engines when using in the range of 1 ⁇ 88% by weight.
• Isobutanol can improve the cold start-up property that is a disadvantage of ethanol and reduce excessive fuel consumption that is, particularly, a disadvantage of alcohols. Also, isobutanol has excellent effect to enhance fuel efficiency and reduce exhaust gas. Isobutanol is particularly advantageous as a fuel for internal combustion engine when using in the range of 1 ⁇ 12% by weight.
• the fuel composition of the present invention may further comprise aromatic hydrocarbon mixture in order to increase the fuel efficiency
• aromatic hydrocarbon mixture examples include Aromatic-100 (available from ExxonMobil), consisting of two or more components selected from ethylbenzene, 1-methyl-3-ethylbenzene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene, isopropylbenzene, propylbenzene, cumene, 1-ethyl-2-methyl benzene, 1-ethyl-2,4-dimethyl benzene, naphthalene, naphthalene derivatives, indane and indane derivatives.
• Aromatic-100 available from ExxonMobil
• Aromatic-100 from ExxonMobil
• Hi-Sol 10 from Ashland Inc
• Kocosol-100 or Kocosol-150 from SK
• Techsol-100 from GS-Caltex
• polyethylbenzine is used to improve ignitability and fuel efficiency.
• desired effect of improvement in fuel efficiency can be obtained.
• methanol can be obtained from petroleum or coal, but it can also be obtained from natural tree or the like. As such, methanol has an advantage that it can be used as an alternative fuel to petroleum.
• the fuel composition for internal combustion engines according to the present invention reduces discharge of air pollutants, and, particularly when using an alcohol component like biobutanol, exhibits the effects of preventing a phase separation, enhancing an octane number and preventing an incomplete combustion, thereby enhancing the fuel efficiency.
• the present fuel composition is a novel bio-fuel for internal combustion engines that can reduce the exhaust gas and solve the problem of environmental pollution, e.g. ground water contamination and soil pollutions that are becoming a global problem, and replace the octane number enhancer (typically, MTBE).
• another aspect of the present invention is related to a process for reducing the waste discharge of internal combustion engines and a novel octane number enhancer.
• the fuel composition for internal combustion engines according to the present invention may be used alone or in a mixture with a known conventional fuel for internal combustion engines.
• bio-diesel may be added to individual embodiment of the invention in the content of 0.01 ⁇ 85% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.
• bio-diesel is mainly used in a diesel engine.
• the bio-diesel when used in a small amount in a gasoline engine, it facilitates lubrication action, thereby giving more excellent effects of enhancing fuel efficiency and increasing the lifetime of engine, when compared with the existing case using gasoline alone.
• the content of the bio-diesel is excessive, it is disadvantageous since the bio-diesel is agglomerated to cause the clog of the oil filter of a vehicle, lowering in staring-up performance and reduction in engine power.
• the bio-diesel may be used within the above range since the power is generated due to compressive explosion.
• the fuel composition of the present invention may further include, if necessary, one or more component selected from 1 ⁇ 43% by weight of kerosene, 1 ⁇ 32% by weight of Hi-sene (Transient fuel oil No. 1 produced by Samsung Total Petrochemicals Co., Ltd.) and 1 ⁇ 36% by weight of Hi-nine (Transient fuel oil No. 2 produced by Samsung Total Petrochemicals Co., Ltd.)
• Hi-sene is a by-product generated during the course of producing a petrochemical product from naphtha and the condensate as raw materials in a petrochemical plant.
• Hi-sene comprises heavy components having about 9 ⁇ 18 carbon atoms. It is registered as Transient fuel oil No. 1 on the basis of the Petroleum and Alternative Fuel Business Act according to Korean Standards (KS), and is commonly referred to as hi-sene in the relevant field.
• KS Korean Standards
• Hi-nine (C9+) is also a by-product generated during the course of producing a petrochemical product from naphtha as a raw material in a petrochemical plant, which is registered as Transient fuel oil No. 2.
• Hi-sene and Hi-nine are advantageous in that they are by-products but utilized as an alternative fuel for internal combustion engines.
• Hi-nine have the flow point of ⁇ 50° C. and thus can be used without changing temperature especially in winter.
• Hi-nine contains a small amount of sulfur component, and a little sulfur oxides (SOx) is contained in the exhaust gas upon combustion.
• Hi-sene and Hi-none are those having significantly reduced sulfur when compared with the light oil and thus are very advantageous as the alternative fuel for internal combustion engines.
• aliphatic alkane or alicyclic alkane having 5 ⁇ 40 carbon atoms and preferably 6 ⁇ 26 carbon atoms can be further added in an amount of 1 ⁇ 85% by weight, if necessary.
• the fuel composition for internal combustion engines includes the component essentially consisting of C5 ⁇ C40 alkanes, derivatives of such alkanes having C1 ⁇ C2 alkane side chain and derivatives of C5 ⁇ C6 cyclic compound wherein hydrogen is substituted by C1 ⁇ C2 alkane.
• the fuel composition for internal combustion engines according to the present invention can be used as an alternative fuel or an additive for gasoline and diesel oil.
• the fuel composition of the present invention provides excellent effects in terms of fuel efficiency, power performance, exhaust gas and noise when compared with a conventional gasoline, regardless of the amount of its addition among the total 100% by weight of gasoline.
• the result of component analysis by Korea Institute of Petroleum Quality has shown that the fuel composition of the present invention had high octane number (99.6) without separately adding an octane number enhancer.
• the sulfur content was significantly reduced, while benzene that is critically harmful to human body was not detected. This can be another advantage of the present invention.
• a mixed fuel was prepared by mixing 10% by weight of the above fuel composition with 90% by weight of 93# unleaded gasoline. Evaluations of performance were then conducted according to the European Evaluation Method (ECE15+EUDC). The results are listed in Tables below.
• Example 1 800 0.00 ⁇ 20
• Example 2 800 0.00 ⁇ 20
• Example 3 800 0.00 ⁇ 20
• Example 4 800 0.00 ⁇ 20
• Example 5 800 0.00 ⁇ 20
• Example 6 800 0.00 ⁇ 20
• Example 7 800 0.00 ⁇ 20 Comparative 800 0.00 ⁇ 20
• Example 1 Comparative 800 0.00 ⁇ 20
• Example 1 Comparative 800 0.00 ⁇ 20
• Example 1 containing biobutanol, paraffinic hydrocarbon solvent, toluene and xylene
• Comparative Example 1 unleaded gasoline
• Example 6 containing biobutanol, paraffinic hydrocarbon solvent, toluene, xylene and biodiesel
• Comparative Example 1 unleaded gasoline
• the fuel composition according to the present invention exhibited excellent effect of reducing noise on the whole.

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• 2011
  • 2011-09-14 KR KR1020110092854A patent/KR101319987B1/ko active IP Right Grant
• 2012
  • 2012-09-14 GB GB1406655.9A patent/GB2509288A/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2012-09-14 CN CN201510411964.XA patent/CN105062577B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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