US20150167300A1 - Wooden Construction Element And Wall Comprising Such Elements - Google Patents

Wooden Construction Element And Wall Comprising Such Elements Download PDF

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Publication number
US20150167300A1
US20150167300A1 US14/407,672 US201214407672A US2015167300A1 US 20150167300 A1 US20150167300 A1 US 20150167300A1 US 201214407672 A US201214407672 A US 201214407672A US 2015167300 A1 US2015167300 A1 US 2015167300A1
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wall
differing
timber
end connecting
timber building
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US14/407,672
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Sergei Alexandrovich Li-Chin
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/04—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
    • E04B2/06—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/08—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
    • E04B2/70—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
    • E04C3/122—Laminated
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/7604—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only fillings for cavity walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
    • E04B2001/3583—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block using permanent tensioning means, e.g. cables or rods, to assemble or rigidify structures (not pre- or poststressing concrete), e.g. by tying them around the structure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B2001/742—Use of special materials; Materials having special structures or shape
    • E04B2001/746—Recycled materials, e.g. made of used tires, bumpers or newspapers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B2001/7691—Heat reflecting layers or coatings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0208—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0228—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with tongues next to each other on one end surface and grooves next to each other on opposite end surface
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/023—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with rabbets, e.g. stepped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
    • E04C3/18—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members with metal or other reinforcements or tensioning members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
    • E04C3/292—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures the materials being wood and metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/38—Arched girders or portal frames
    • E04C3/46—Arched girders or portal frames of materials not covered by groups E04C3/40 - E04C3/44; of a combination of two or more materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a building industry, namely to timber building elements and wall constructions built-up of such elements.
  • the invention can be used for construction of new small and low-rise buildings as well for reconstruction thereof.
  • a panelized log home construction wherein a wall panel comprises a plurality of logs of predetermined length stacked on a top of each other [CA 2541653 A1, 09 Oct. 2006]. Tongues are machined on log ends such that, when stacked the logs, the tongues are entering into wall receiving grooves of posts framing the wall panel from both sides.
  • An upper side of each of the logs is provided with a longitudinal tongue having a rectangular cross-section, and its lower side is provided with a longitudinal groove having a corresponding cross-section.
  • the longitudinal tongue is entering into the longitudinal groove, thereby forming a continuous wall structure. Sealing materials can be laid between the logs stacked on each other, and the logs are fastened by long screws along a length of a joint therebetween.
  • a timber building element made of a laminated edged board provided with a V-shaped tongue on an upper board edge and a corresponding groove on a lower board edge [RU 28878 U1, 20 Apr. 2003].
  • This building element allows to manufacture a box-like timber by using two edged boards, wherein an internal space, limited by upper and lower spacers installed along a length thereof, is filled in with a thermal-insulating material, and end faces of the box-like timber are closed by plywood sheets.
  • These box-like timbers can be used for building-up a wall of a low-rise timber house by means of inserting a V-shaped tongue of one box-like timber into a V-shaped groove of another box-like timber.
  • this timber building element has such a disadvantages as a high cost because of using different assembly operations when manufacturing the box-like timber.
  • a knockdown panel made of a small-sized timber building elements, each of which has a structure of a laminated wood brick composed of two laminated boards arranged symmetrically and spaced from one another by spacers [KR 10-2006-0025321 A1, 21 Mar. 2006].
  • a building element is manufactured from two edged board pieces set on their edges and fastened with each other by a lateral sides thereof. This building element is chosen as a prototype of the present invention.
  • Upper, lower and end edges of the edged board pieces, composed this building element, are displaced in such a manner that it is formed a joining element such as a double tenon on an upper portion and one of back faces, and such as a double groove on a lower portion and another of the back faces.
  • a joining element such as a double tenon on an upper portion and one of back faces, and such as a double groove on a lower portion and another of the back faces.
  • a technical problem to be solved by the present invention is providing a small-sized timber building element, which can provide reliability and integrity of a wall built-up of such elements, particularly by providing reliable and tight joints between adjacent timber building elements of the wall, which allow to compensate different kinds of deformations.
  • Another technical problem to be solved is simplification of a manufacturing process of timber building elements by excluding assembly operations.
  • Still another technical problem to be solved is simplification of a design of a wall of small-sized timber building elements by using the only vertical force for pressing joints between the timber building elements, particularly by a force of weight the timber building elements as well as constructions supported on the wall from above.
  • a timber building element for building-up a wall which comprises: a body formed as a profile block having two lateral sides and also an upper connecting face, a lower connecting face and two end connecting faces; at least one longitudinal tongue provided between the lateral sides on one of the upper and lower connecting faces and one of the end connecting faces; at least one longitudinal groove provided between the lateral sides on another of the upper and lower connecting faces and another of the end connecting faces, wherein the longitudinal tongue and the longitudinal groove are laying in one plane that is parallel to planes, which the lateral sides are laying in, and a form and sizes of the longitudinal groove correspond to a form and sizes of the longitudinal tongue.
  • each of the end connecting faces is inclined and wave-like curved, wherein: both of the end connecting faces are inclined unidirectional; an uppermost portion of a wave-like curvature of the end connecting face is located higher than a lowermost portion of the wave-like curvature of this end connecting face; and a form and sizes of an inclination and the wave-like curvature of one of the end connecting faces correspond to a form and sizes of an inclination and the wave-like curvature of another of the end connecting faces.
  • the above-mentioned form of the end connecting faces allows to achieve high reliability of joining between the timber building elements not only in a longitudinal direction, with preventing a longitudinal relative displacement, but also in a vertical direction by alignment these timber building elements, having natural dimension and form instability, in a wall blockwork by means of using the inclined and wave-like curved end connecting faces.
  • it is enough to apply a vertical compressive force to a wall of these building elements, and it can be enough a weight of the building elements together with constructions supported on the wall from above to create such compressive force.
  • an upper portion and a lower portion of the end connecting face are inclined, and a middle portion of the end connecting face is wave-like curved. And it is more preferred, if the end connecting face has a sinusoidal form.
  • a length of the lower connecting face is more than a height of the timber building element which is measured between the upper and lower connecting faces, and the height is more than a width of the timber building element which is measured between the lateral sides, wherein the length of the lower connecting face is equal to a length of the upper connecting face.
  • the wave-like curvature can form at least one apex and one through. And the apexes and the throughs of surfaces of the wave-like curvature can be displaced down or up from a central longitudinal axis of the lateral side to allow to prevent edge splintering during processing the timber building element.
  • a value of a displacement of the apex and the through from the central longitudinal axis of the lateral side is not more than 1/10 of a height of the timber building element which is measured between the upper and lower connecting faces.
  • An inclination angle of the end connecting face can be 30-89° in relation to the horizontal.
  • the timber building element can comprise two or more the longitudinal tongues and a corresponding number of the longitudinal grooves which are arranged parallel with each other at regular intervals from one another.
  • the longitudinal tongue and the longitudinal groove have a triangular or trapezoidal cross-section, particularly in a form of an isosceles trapezium or triangle.
  • a slope angle of lateral sides of the triangular or trapezoidal cross-section can be 20-70° in relation to the vertical.
  • One of the lateral sides can be provided with a mortise for fixing secondary members of the wall, for example, for installing an inter-row spacer in the mortise, which can be used in a two-rows wall blockwork of the timber building elements in accordance with the present invention.
  • the timber building element is made of uniform timber dried by air-seasoning, and also if the body, the longitudinal tongue and the longitudinal groove are formed integrally with one another.
  • a wall built-up of timber building elements having the same form and sizes, each of which is formed as a profile block and provided with a longitudinal groove on two adjacent connecting faces thereof and a longitudinal tongue on two another adjacent connecting faces thereof, wherein the timber building elements are laid tightly one close to another in a wall blockwork in such a manner, that the longitudinal tongue located on an upper connecting face of one of the timber building elements is fitted into the longitudinal groove located on a lower connecting face of an adjacent timber building element.
  • joints between the end connecting faces of the timber building elements of one tier of the wall blockwork are displaced in relation to joints between the end connecting faces of the timber building elements of another adjacent tier by a displacement value that is not less than a length of the joint between the end connecting faces of the timber building elements which is measured along the horizontal, up to a half of a length of an upper or lower connecting face.
  • the wall can further comprises a bearing timber bar, laid tightly under a lower tier of the wall blockwork, and a pressure timber bar, laid tightly on an upper tier of the wall blockwork.
  • the timber building elements can be laid in the wall blockwork in two rows with forming an internal space therebetween, and inter-row spacers is installed between the rows of the wall blockwork.
  • the wall can comprise at least several pairs of the timber building elements, each of which is provided with a mortise arranged in one of the lateral sides thereof, wherein each of the pairs of the timber building elements provided with the mortises are laid in different rows of the wall blockwork opposite one another with oppositely facing the mortises thereof, and ends of each spacer of the inter-row spacers are inserted into the mortises of each of the pairs of the timber building elements provided with the mortises, respectively.
  • ends of the spacer are inserted into the mortises of the pair of the timber building elements with possibility to move along the vertical.
  • the above-mentioned wall of two or more rows can further comprise a tightening device including pulling ropes which are arranged vertically inside the internal space to press the wall blockwork along the vertical completely.
  • the tightening device further includes supporting fasteners, mounted in a base of the wall blockwork, and clamp plates, supported on an upper tier of the wall blockwork, wherein low ends of the pulling ropes are fastened to the supporting fasteners, and the upper ends of the pulling ropes are fastened to the clamp plates.
  • the internal space can filled in with a thermal-insulating material and/or a sound-insulating material, for example, such as sawdust.
  • the wall can be provided with an opening, for example, such as a door opening, a window opening, a process-oriented opening and another opening.
  • the wall can further comprise a discharging piece, spanned the opening and made of a squared timber having a cross-section matched with a cross-section of the timber building element, wherein at least one end face of the squared timber has a form and sizes corresponding to a form and sizes of the end connecting face of the timber building element.
  • another end face of the squared timber can also has a form and sizes corresponding to a form and sizes of the end connecting face of the timber building element or can be perpendicular and provided with a longitudinal tongue of a dovetail type to form a corner joint with another wall or a partition.
  • the wall can be provided with a corner joint for joining with another wall or a partition.
  • This corner joint can be formed as a dovetail mail joint.
  • FIG. 1 a plane view of a timber building element in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 a left-side view of the timber building element, shown in the FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 a front view of the timber building element, shown in the FIG. 1 , from a lateral side thereof, which is faced to an internal space of a two-rows wall;
  • FIG. 4 a plane view of a wall built-up of timber building elements in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 a front view of a part of the wall, shown in the FIG. 4 .
  • a timber building element 1 formed as a profile block which an embodiment is represented in FIGS. 1-3 , is preferably manufactured as a whole of uniform timber, dried by air-seasoning, in shop-floor conditions using precision woodworking machines.
  • a length (L) of a lower connecting face is more than a height (H) of the building element, which is measured between upper and lower connecting faces and is more than a width (B) which is measured between lateral sides of the building element 1 .
  • the length of the lower connecting face must be equal to a length of an upper connecting face.
  • the building element 1 is similar to a common building brick when laying the brick as a stretcher, i.e. when laying the brick on its more long and more narrow face.
  • connecting elements located on the upper and lower connecting faces as well as end connecting faces of the building element 1 , namely: an upper double tenon, comprising two parallel longitudinal tongues 2 on the upper connecting face and two longitudinal tongues 4 , conjugated therewith, on a left end connecting face; and a lower double groove, comprising two parallel longitudinal grooves 3 on the lower connecting face and two longitudinal grooves 5 , conjugated therewith, on a right end connecting face.
  • an upper double tenon comprising two parallel longitudinal tongues 2 on the upper connecting face and two longitudinal tongues 4 , conjugated therewith, on a left end connecting face
  • a lower double groove comprising two parallel longitudinal grooves 3 on the lower connecting face and two longitudinal grooves 5 , conjugated therewith, on a right end connecting face.
  • the pair of the longitudinal grooves 3 , 5 and the pair of the longitudinal tongues 2 , 4 are laying in two parallel planes, respectively, which are parallel in turn to planes, which the lateral sides of the building element 1 are laying in.
  • a slope angle ⁇ of lateral sides of a cross-section of the longitudinal tongues 2 , 4 as well as the longitudinal grooves 3 , 5 is 30° and, in general, it can be chosen from a range from 20 to 70°.
  • the cross-section of the longitudinal tongues 2 , 4 and the longitudinal grooves 3 , 5 is formed as an isosceles trapezium.
  • it is possible to use a triangular cross-section form for the longitudinal tongues 2 , 4 and the longitudinal grooves 3 , 5 for example, when using tenacious kinds of wood as a material of the timber building element, which are less prone to edge splintering.
  • the end connecting faces of the building element 1 are inclined unidirectional and wave-like curved in middle portions thereof in a form of a sinusoidal wave comprising two half-ways.
  • a form and sizes of an inclination and a wave-like curvature of one of the end connecting faces are matching with those of another end connecting face.
  • an inclination angle ⁇ of the end connecting faces is 45° and, in general, it can be chosen from a range from 30 to 89°.
  • Apexes and throughs of surfaces of the wave-like curvature are displaced from a central longitudinal axis of the building element 1 by a distance e that can be not more than 1/10 of the height H to decrease edge splintering during processing the building element 1 .
  • one of the lateral sides of the building element 1 is provided with a mortise 7 having a vertical slot for installing an inter-row spacer 8 , functionality of which will be explained below. Meanwhile, in general, the building element 1 are manufactured without such mortises.
  • a timber wall 6 for example for using in a wood conduit such as a private bath house, is built-up on bearing timber bars 9 on a concrete foundation 10 with using the timber building elements 1 , having the same form and sizes and laid on the bearing timber bars 9 in two rows.
  • the longitudinal tongues 2 and 4 are fitted into the longitudinal grooves 3 and 5 , and the end connecting faces are joined tightly in the wall blockwork by overlapping wave-like curvatures, matching with on another, with forming interlocking joints, which do not require additional connecting means, such as a glue or fixing elements, as well as do not require additional sealing materials.
  • Such the interlocking joints of one tier of the wall blockwork of the wall 6 are displaced in relation to interlocking joints of another tier by a half of the length L of the building element 1 , that is 225 mm for the above-mentioned sizes of the building element.
  • the rows of the wall 6 are spaced from one another by the inter-row spacers 8 , and an internal space 11 is formed therebetween.
  • Holding boards 12 are laid on upper tiers of each of the rows of the wall blockwork, and metal clamp plates 13 of the tightening devices 14 are installed thereon, wherein the tightening devices comprise pulling cable-laid ropes.
  • the pulling cable-laid ropes of the tightening devices 14 are arranged vertically inside the internal space 11 and spaced from one another by a specific distance, for example by an equal spacing.
  • a blanket water isolation 18 of tree layers of a rubberoid are placed between the bearing timber bars 9 and the concrete foundation 10 .
  • the inter-row spacers 8 can be formed of a metal tube, and they can be located by a height of the wall 6 with spacing apart from one another by an equal number of tiers of the wall blockwork, for example through every two tiers of the wall blockwork, and can be located by a length of the wall with spacing apart from one another by an equal number of the building elements, for example through every one building element 1 .
  • Ends of the inter-row spacers 8 are provided with metal plates, weld perpendicularly thereto, by means of which the inter-row spacers 8 are inserted into the vertical slots of the mortises 7 , which are located on internal (from a side of the internal space) lateral sides of the building elements 1 .
  • the ends of the inter-row spacers 8 are installed into the mortises 7 with possibility of a vertical displacement limited by the height H of the building element 1 in a plane of the wall 7 , which can take place as result of deformations of the building elements 1 in the wall blockwork, for example due to seasonal changes of temperature-humidity conditions between outdoor and indoor environment, due to natural non-uniform shrinkage of the building elements 1 and so on.
  • the vertical displacement of the inter-row spacers 8 can compensate internal stresses, accumulating in the wall 6 , and to distribute the stresses uniformly between rows and tiers of the wall blockwork.
  • thermal- and sound-insulating materials to be filled in the internal space 11 of the wall 6 there can be used sawdust or wood-flakes which are ecologically-clean mill debris of processing the timber building elements 1 .
  • the internal space of an external wall can be provided with a vapor barrier of an aluminium foil.
  • the building elements 1 can be used for building-up external walls provided with door, window and/or process-oriented openings, as well as for internal walls or partitions provided with door or process-oriented openings only.
  • the wall 6 can be provided with corner connection means, i.e. corner joints, to be connected with another walls and partitions, at this, in corner joints located outdoor of a building as well as in window and door openings, it is preferred to form the corner joints as dovetail joints.
  • corner connection means i.e. corner joints
  • corner joins located indoor as well as butt corner joints it is preferred to form the corner joints by abutting to interfaced walls and partitions as divided tenon joints on abutting surfaces, thereby providing fail-safe joining thereof (not shown).
  • Window and door openings can be spanned by discharging pieces 19 made of a squared timber having a corresponding length as well as a cross-section, which provide a fail-safe support thereof on the wall blockwork of the wall 6 , wherein end faces of the squared timber have a form and sizes corresponding to a form and sizes of the end connecting faces of the building element 1 .
  • one of the end faces of the squared timber can be provided with a longitudinal tongue of a dovetail type to form a corner joint with another wall or a partition, as it was described above.
  • An intermediate pull-rod 20 can be installed in the internal space of the wall 6 to tighten the interlocking joints between the building elements 1 in a part of the wall blockwork above the discharging piece 19 in addition.
  • Visible lateral sides of the building elements 1 can be provided with a decorative woodcarving pattern to enhance aesthetic perception of a pattern of the wall blockwork of the wall 6 , which is formed by the wave-shaped interlocking joints between the building elements 1 .
US14/407,672 2012-06-14 2012-06-14 Wooden Construction Element And Wall Comprising Such Elements Abandoned US20150167300A1 (en)

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US9809971B2 (en) * 2016-02-25 2017-11-07 Spherical Block LLC Architectural building block
IT202000025636A1 (it) * 2020-10-28 2022-04-28 Univ Politecnica Delle Marche Sistema di facciata continua per edifici

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9809971B2 (en) * 2016-02-25 2017-11-07 Spherical Block LLC Architectural building block
IT202000025636A1 (it) * 2020-10-28 2022-04-28 Univ Politecnica Delle Marche Sistema di facciata continua per edifici

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