US20140367493A1 - Device for spraying dry ice, particularly frozen carbon dioxide, and nozzle for said device - Google Patents

Device for spraying dry ice, particularly frozen carbon dioxide, and nozzle for said device Download PDF

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Publication number
US20140367493A1
US20140367493A1 US14/344,352 US201214344352A US2014367493A1 US 20140367493 A1 US20140367493 A1 US 20140367493A1 US 201214344352 A US201214344352 A US 201214344352A US 2014367493 A1 US2014367493 A1 US 2014367493A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
nozzle
particles
drive fluid
neck
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US14/344,352
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English (en)
Inventor
Philippe Gomez
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Assigned to L'AIR LIQUIDE, SOCIETE ANONYME POUR L'ETUDE ET L'EXPLOITATION DES PROCEDES GEORGES CLAUDE reassignment L'AIR LIQUIDE, SOCIETE ANONYME POUR L'ETUDE ET L'EXPLOITATION DES PROCEDES GEORGES CLAUDE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GOMEZ, Philippe
Publication of US20140367493A1 publication Critical patent/US20140367493A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/02—Blast guns, e.g. for generating high velocity abrasive fluid jets for cutting materials
    • B24C5/04—Nozzles therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/003—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods using material which dissolves or changes phase after the treatment, e.g. ice, CO2

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a device for spraying dry ice, in particular carbon dioxide ice, and a nozzle for such a device.
  • Cleaning by spraying carbon dioxide ice finds its efficacy in the combination of various effects, a mechanical effect due to the kinetic energy of the particles of ice, a thermal effect due to the temperature of the particles and a blowing effect due to the sublimation of the ice in contact with the surface to be cleaned. It also has the advantage of not leaving residues. This is because, after sublimation, the carbon dioxide ice, transformed into gas, discharges by itself.
  • Forming particles of ice from carbon dioxide in the liquid state in contact with a drive fluid that drives the particles as they are created and also serves to spray them onto the surface to be cleaned is also known.
  • devices comprising a supply of driving fluid, a supply of liquid carbon dioxide, a chamber for forming particles of carbon dioxide ice and a nozzle spraying, under the action of the drive fluid, the particles formed in the chamber.
  • driving fluid a supply of driving fluid
  • liquid carbon dioxide a supply of liquid carbon dioxide
  • chamber for forming particles of carbon dioxide ice a chamber for forming particles of carbon dioxide ice and a nozzle spraying, under the action of the drive fluid, the particles formed in the chamber.
  • Such devices are particularly suited to spraying the flow of ice particles in a direction orthogonal to the surface to be cleaned. Difficulties are presented when it is wished to spray the fluid in an inclined direction, in particular in the case of a surface to be cleaned having a complex profile.
  • a first solution for solving this problem would be to incline the device in a required direction but, because of the bulk thereof, this would pose problems of protuberance.
  • Another solution would be to orient the flow at the discharge from the nozzle but this would create pressure drops which would greatly degrade the performance of the cleaning. This is because the flow of ice particles, greatly accelerated after passage through the nozzle, is particularly sensitive to any disturbances.
  • the invention aims to improve the situation and for this purpose proposes a device for spraying particles of dry ice, in particular for cleaning surfaces, comprising a gun for orienting a drive fluid entraining said particles in a first direction, and a spray nozzle enabling said drive fluid to pass, loaded with said particles, said nozzle comprising a neck.
  • said devices configured so as to orient the fluid, loaded with said particles, in at least one other direction upstream of the neck, in the direction of flow of said drive fluid.
  • a solution is thus available for orienting the flow of particles in the desired direction while limiting the pressure drops.
  • cross-section means the cross-section of the nozzle in a plane orthogonal to the principal direction in which the nozzle conducts the fluid passing through it.
  • said nozzle comprises a divergent nozzle enabling an acceleration of said drive fluid in said other direction or directions.
  • Said divergent nozzle extends between the neck and a discharge orifice of the nozzle, the ratio between the surface area of the neck and the surface area of said discharge orifice of the nozzle being, for example, greater than 0.2, in particular greater than 0.5, especially greater than 0.73. Said ratio will for example be less than 0.9.
  • the applicant in fact found, following numerous tests, that such a divergent nozzle made it possible to limit the consumption of carrier fluid while obtaining very good cleaning results, in particular in terms of eliminating fatty imprints present on the objects to be cleaned.
  • the invention will more generally find its applications for cleaning fine pollutions, with a thickness of less than 3 mm, among other things. It also makes it possible to use nozzles of limited size, in particular nozzles having divergent nozzles where the length between the neck and the discharge orifice of the nozzle is less than 50 mm.
  • said divergent nozzle has a rectangular cross-section.
  • said divergent nozzle has a circular cross-section.
  • the neck can then have a circular cross-section.
  • angle of divergence will hereinafter have the following meaning.
  • the divergent nozzle has a rectangular cross-section in which the length I increases linearly, it is the angle corresponding to the slope of increase of said length I of the divergent nozzle.
  • the divergent nozzle has a round cross-section, it is the angle at the vertex of the cone carrying the truncated cone forming the divergent nozzle.
  • the divergent nozzle of the device according to the invention has an angle of divergence a of around 6°. Great cleaning efficiency is then obtained.
  • said divergent nozzle has an angle of divergence a greater than 7°, in particular greater than 15°. A splayed jet with an enlarged impact surface is then obtained.
  • the length L of the divergent nozzle measured between the neck and the discharge orifice of the nozzle the length I S of the cross-section of the divergent nozzle at said discharge of the nozzle and the angle of divergence a follow the following law:
  • said neck is a sonic neck.
  • the convergent device and divergent nozzle are for example directly connected to each other at the neck.
  • the discharge orifice of the nozzle is level with the neck.
  • Such a nozzle has cleaning performances lower than the previous ones but remains of interest in that it also affords a reduction in the consumption of carrier fluid.
  • the invention also concerns a nozzle of a spray device as described above.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates schematically an example of a spray device according to the invention, partially cut along a longitudinal cutting plane
  • FIG. 2 illustrates schematically another example of a spray device according the invention
  • FIG. 3 illustrates, in a view in longitudinal section, a nozzle of a device according to the invention.
  • the invention concerns a device for spraying particles of dry ice, for example carbon dioxide ice, in particular for cleaning surfaces.
  • Said device comprises a gun 10 for orienting a drive fluid entraining said particles in a first direction, marked D1, and a spray nozzle 4 , enabling said drive fluid to pass, loaded with said particles.
  • Said drive fluid is for example compressed air.
  • the gun 10 is provided in particular with a supply 1 of drive fluid, a supply 2 of liquid carbon dioxide and a chamber 3 for forming particles of carbon dioxide ice (not illustrated in FIG. 2 ).
  • the nozzle 4 is connected to the gun 10 and, under the action of the drive fluid, sprays the particles formed in the chamber 3 .
  • the drive fluid enters the device through the drive-fluid supply 1 and is then loaded with particles of ice generated in the chamber 3 , at the discharge of said chamber. In this way a flow is formed of drive fluid and ice particles that passes through the nozzle 4 in order to be sprayed onto the part to be cleaned.
  • said device is configured so as to orient the fluid, loaded with said particles, in at least one other direction, marked D2, upstream of the neck 6 of the nozzle 4 , in the direction of flow of the drive fluid.
  • the angle between said first direction D1 and said other direction D2 is approximately 45°.
  • the nozzle 4 may comprise a convergent device 8 , intended to be situated upstream of the neck 6 in the direction of flow of the drive fluid, and said device is configured so as to orient the fluid in the direction D2 upstream of said convergent device 8 .
  • the nozzle 4 also comprises a portion 20 with a constant cross-section, intended to be situated upstream of the convergent device 8 in the direction of flow of the drive fluid, and said device is configured so as to orient the fluid in the direction D 2 upstream of said constant cross-section 20 .
  • said device comprises a passage elbow 21 connecting the gun 10 and nozzle 4 , said elbow 21 being able to divert said drive fluid loaded with said particles, from said first direction D1 into the direction D2.
  • Said elbow 21 has in particular a tubular cross-section. It is a separate part attached between the gun 10 and the nozzle 4 .
  • Such an embodiment makes it possible to have available identical nozzles for spraying with or without diversion of the jet of particles, depending on whether or not the nozzle 4 is connected to the gun 10 by means of the elbow 21 .
  • Said nozzle 4 and the gun 10 can have complementary fixing means, not illustrated, and the elbow 21 may comprise fixing means of an identical nature, not illustrated, enabling it to cooperate with the fixing means of the gun 10 and nozzle 4 .
  • “Of identical nature” means fixing means not requiring an adaptor to enable the parts to be connected together.
  • the nozzle 4 that is configured to divert the drive fluid loaded with said particles in the direction D2.
  • the nozzle 4 may comprise a diversion portion 22 able to modify the path of said drive fluid loaded with said particles from said first direction D1 into the direction D2, said diversion portion 22 being situated upstream of the neck 6 .
  • the nozzle 4 comprises for example a convergent device 8 and said diversion portion 22 is situated level with said convergent device 8 .
  • the nozzle 4 comprises, for example, a portion 23 with a constant cross-section, intended to be situated upstream of the convergent device 8 in the direction of flow of the drive fluid, said portion 23 of constant cross-section being able to guide the drive fluid loaded with said particles in said first direction D1.
  • Said portion 23 with a constant cross-section is here connected to the convergent device by a plane 24 , inclined with respect to the direction D 1 and orthogonal to the direction D2.
  • the part of the nozzle 4 situated downstream forms an acceleration portion.
  • the nozzle may comprise an angled part upstream of its convergent device, or even upstream of a portion of constant cross-section of the nozzle, connected to said convergent device.
  • said nozzle 4 comprises a divergent nozzle 7 for accelerating said drive fluid in the direction D2.
  • Said divergent nozzle 7 extends, for example, between the neck 6 and a discharge orifice of the nozzle 5 .
  • the neck 6 and said discharge 5 of the nozzle 4 are for example orthogonal to the direction of the drive fluid loaded with said particles.
  • the ratio between the surface area of the neck 6 and the surface area of said discharge orifice 5 of the nozzle is for example greater than 0.2, especially 0.5, in particular 0.73. It will for example be less than 0.9. The applicant has in fact found that such a choice of size affords suitable acceleration of the particles with reduced consumption of drive fluid. Said surface ratio may for example be between 0.8 and 0.9.
  • Said divergent nozzle 7 has for example a rectangular cross-section.
  • the length I of said cross-section increases linearly and has a substantially constant width and height, going from the neck 6 towards the discharge orifice 5 of the nozzle 4 . It is a case in particular of a width or height configured to the size of the particles formed. It will thus be possible to use a width or height of less than 2 mm, for example around 1.2 or 1.3 mm.
  • the neck 6 has here a rectangular cross-section, one of the dimensions of which corresponds to the width or height of the divergent nozzle 7 .
  • Said divergent nozzle has moreover an angle of divergence a of approximately 6° making it possible to preserve a substantially straight flow at the discharge from the nozzle. In a variant, it may be an angle greater than 7°, for obtaining a broadening of the flow as a discharge from the nozzle.
  • said divergent nozzle 7 may have a length L of said nozzle 4 , measured between the neck 6 and the discharge orifice 5 of said nozzle 4 , a length I s of the cross-section of the divergent nozzle at said discharge 5 of the nozzle and an angle of divergence a in accordance with the following law:
  • L may have as its upper limit: (0.1 ⁇ I S ) / tan ( ⁇ ).
  • the discharge orifice 5 of the nozzle is in the form of a slot. This may have a height of less than 2 mm, in particular around 1.2 or 1.3 mm, and/or a length of between 10 and 50 mm, in particular between 20 and 50 mm.
  • said divergent nozzle has a circular cross-section.
  • the divergent nozzle is frustoconical in shape.
  • Said neck can then have a circular cross-section.
  • the angle of divergence may be around 6° or greater than 7°, with the same effects as those described above.
  • the convergent device will then also be circular and the angled portion in accordance with the information will be either at the nozzle, upstream of the neck, or upstream of said nozzle.
  • the divergent nozzles 7 of the nozzles 4 according to the invention have a length, measured between the neck and the discharge orifice of the nozzle, of less than 200 mm, in particular 50 mm. It may in particular be a length less than 10 mm for nozzles having an angle of divergence greater than 7°.
  • the convergent device 8 and the divergent nozzle 7 are connected directly to each other at the neck 6 .
  • the neck 6 is a simple plane.
  • the neck 6 may have a non-zero length.
  • the nozzle does not comprise a divergent nozzle. Its discharge orifice is therefore situated at its neck. The acceleration obtained will thus be limited to that offered by the sonic neck, which may however suffice and even be more favourable, in particular for cleaning surfaces that are not very dirty and/or are particularly fragile.
  • said neck 6 is a sonic neck and an absolute pressure of between for example 4 and 16 bar, in particular 4 and 6 bar, will be provided at the inlet of the nozzle 4 .
  • Said nozzle comprises, for example, a body 30 defining said convergent device 7 , said neck 6 and/or said divergent nozzle 8 , said body optionally being angled.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
  • Overhead Projectors And Projection Screens (AREA)
US14/344,352 2011-09-13 2012-08-08 Device for spraying dry ice, particularly frozen carbon dioxide, and nozzle for said device Abandoned US20140367493A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1158105 2011-09-13
FR1158105A FR2979846B1 (fr) 2011-09-13 2011-09-13 Dispositif de projection de glace seche, notamment de glace carbonique, et buse pour un tel dispositif
PCT/FR2012/051870 WO2013038084A1 (fr) 2011-09-13 2012-08-08 Dispositif de projection de glace sèche, notamment de glace carbonique, et buse pour un tel dispositif

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20140367493A1 true US20140367493A1 (en) 2014-12-18

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US14/344,352 Abandoned US20140367493A1 (en) 2011-09-13 2012-08-08 Device for spraying dry ice, particularly frozen carbon dioxide, and nozzle for said device

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20140367493A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2755800B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2585043T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2979846B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2013038084A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11780051B2 (en) 2019-12-31 2023-10-10 Cold Jet, Llc Method and apparatus for enhanced blast stream
SE2330008A1 (sv) * 2023-01-07 2024-04-23 Nordisk Energi Optimering Foersaeljnings Ab Vinklat munstycke

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10792788B2 (en) 2013-10-22 2020-10-06 Tosoh Smd, Inc. Optimized textured surfaces and methods of optimizing

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6042458A (en) * 1996-05-31 2000-03-28 Cold Jet, Inc. Turn base for entrained particle flow
US20050023385A1 (en) * 2003-07-29 2005-02-03 Kui-Chiu Kwok Powder robot gun
US20080287040A1 (en) * 2004-07-13 2008-11-20 Jens Werner Kipp Method and Device for Generating Dry Ice Particles

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000516861A (ja) * 1996-08-22 2000-12-19 ザ グッドイヤー タイヤ アンド ラバー カンパニー ロボットｃｏ▲下２▼清浄
DE102004023246B3 (de) * 2004-05-07 2005-10-27 Jens-Werner Kipp Strahlverfahren
DE102005002365B3 (de) * 2005-01-18 2006-04-13 Air Liquide Gmbh Strahlverfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Oberflächen
DE102005021999A1 (de) * 2005-05-09 2006-11-16 Kipp, Jens Werner Flexible Vorrichtung zu einer verbesserten Handhabung von Trockenschnee-/ Trockeneisstrahlanlagen
DE102006023709B3 (de) * 2006-05-19 2007-08-16 Buse Gastek Gmbh & Co.Kg Strahllanze

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6042458A (en) * 1996-05-31 2000-03-28 Cold Jet, Inc. Turn base for entrained particle flow
US20050023385A1 (en) * 2003-07-29 2005-02-03 Kui-Chiu Kwok Powder robot gun
US20080287040A1 (en) * 2004-07-13 2008-11-20 Jens Werner Kipp Method and Device for Generating Dry Ice Particles

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11780051B2 (en) 2019-12-31 2023-10-10 Cold Jet, Llc Method and apparatus for enhanced blast stream
SE2330008A1 (sv) * 2023-01-07 2024-04-23 Nordisk Energi Optimering Foersaeljnings Ab Vinklat munstycke
SE546048C2 (sv) * 2023-01-07 2024-04-23 Nordisk Energi Optimering Foersaeljnings Ab Vinklat munstycke

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2979846A1 (fr) 2013-03-15
EP2755800B1 (de) 2016-05-11
FR2979846B1 (fr) 2014-09-05
EP2755800A1 (de) 2014-07-23
WO2013038084A1 (fr) 2013-03-21
ES2585043T3 (es) 2016-10-03

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: L'AIR LIQUIDE, SOCIETE ANONYME POUR L'ETUDE ET L'E

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:GOMEZ, PHILIPPE;REEL/FRAME:032412/0231

Effective date: 20140219

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION