US20140165616A1 - Air conditioning system with ice storage - Google Patents

Air conditioning system with ice storage Download PDF

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Publication number
US20140165616A1
US20140165616A1 US13/992,549 US201113992549A US2014165616A1 US 20140165616 A1 US20140165616 A1 US 20140165616A1 US 201113992549 A US201113992549 A US 201113992549A US 2014165616 A1 US2014165616 A1 US 2014165616A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
ice storage
storage tank
refrigerant flow
flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/992,549
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English (en)
Inventor
Michel Grabon
Didier Da Costa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carrier Corp
Original Assignee
Carrier Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carrier Corp filed Critical Carrier Corp
Assigned to CARRIER S.C.S. reassignment CARRIER S.C.S. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: DA COSTA, DIDIER, GRABON, MICHEL
Assigned to CARRIER CORPORATION reassignment CARRIER CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CARRIER S.C.S.
Publication of US20140165616A1 publication Critical patent/US20140165616A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C5/00—Working or handling ice
    • F25C5/18—Storing ice
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the subject matter disclosed herein relates to air conditioning systems. More specifically, the subject disclosure relates ice storage systems for air conditioning systems.
  • Ice storage is used in air conditioning systems, for example, chiller systems, to take advantage of the large energy content of a volume of frozen water.
  • a traditional ice storage system for an air conditioning system 100 is shown in FIG. 1 .
  • refrigerant is circulated in a refrigerant loop 102 which flows the refrigerant through a typical refrigerant cycle including a compressor 104 , a condenser 106 , an expansion valve 108 , and an evaporator 110 .
  • a brine loop 112 also passes through the evaporator 110 such that the evaporator 110 acts as a brine cooler during operation of the air conditioning system 100 .
  • the brine loop 112 passes through an ice storage tank 114 , typically with one or more valves 116 to direct the brine flow, a typical brine is an ethylene glycol solution, through the brine loop 112 .
  • Such a system operates in many different modes depending on cooling requirements.
  • brine cooling mode also called vapor compression mode
  • the chiller 100 operates as a conventional chiller.
  • the valves 116 are closed and/or opened so that the brine flow bypasses the ice storage tank 114 and flows through the evaporator 110 .
  • the evaporator 110 cools the brine flow to about 7 degrees Celsius and the brine is flowed to a chiller 118 to cool a desired space.
  • the air conditioning system 100 flows the brine not to the chiller 118 , but to the ice storage tank 114 .
  • the brine is cooled to ⁇ 5 degrees to ⁇ 10 degrees Celsius by the evaporator 110 and freezes water in the ice storage tank 114 thus storing cooling energy in the ice storage tank 114 .
  • the refrigerant loop 102 is not operating. Brine is circulated through the ice storage tank 114 to cool the brine flow which is then flowed to the chiller 118 to cool the desired space.
  • ice storage tank 114 in conjunction with the chiller 118 allows a size of the chiller 118 and allows the air conditioning system 100 to take advantage of lower nighttime electricity costs by using ice storage mode.
  • Circulation of brine through the ice storage tank 114 reduces thermal efficiency of the air conditioning system 100 versus a system utilizing water routed through the chiller 118 , since brine has poor heat transfer characteristics when compared to water. Further, inclusion of the brine loop 112 makes the air conditioning system 100 layout complicated due to the valves 116 and other components required to direct the brine flow through the system when operating in the various modes.
  • an air conditioning system includes a condenser and an evaporator configured to remove thermal energy from a water flow through the evaporator via a refrigerant flow through the evaporator.
  • a refrigerant conduit is configured to convey a refrigerant flow through the evaporator and the condenser.
  • An ice storage tank is fluidly connected to the refrigerant conduit such that the refrigerant flow is flowable through the ice storage tank to transfer thermal energy between the refrigerant flow and a volume of frozen water disposed in the ice storage tank.
  • a method of operating an air conditioning system includes urging a refrigerant flow along a refrigerant pathway and through a compressor.
  • the refrigerant flow is conveyed through a condenser disposed along the refrigerant pathway and at least a portion of the refrigerant flow is flowed through an ice storage tank via an ice tank pathway.
  • a volume of water disposed in the ice storage tank is frozen via the refrigerant flow thus storing cooling energy in the ice storage tank.
  • a method of operating an air conditioning system includes conveying a refrigerant flow through a refrigerant conduit to an ice storage tank, the ice storage tank containing a volume of frozen water therein. Thermal energy is transferred from the refrigerant flow to the volume of frozen water, thereby cooling the refrigerant flow.
  • the refrigerant flow is urged from the ice storage tank to an evaporator and a water flow is conveyed to the evaporator via a water pathway. Thermal energy is transferred from the water flow to the refrigerant flow via the evaporator, thereby cooling the water flow.
  • the water flow is conveyed to a chiller to cool a desired space via the chiller.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical air conditioning system including ice storage
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic of an embodiment of an improved air conditioning system
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic of an embodiment of an air conditioning system operating in vapor compression mode
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic of an embodiment of an air conditioning system operating in ice storage mode
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic of an embodiment of an air conditioning system operating in ice cooling mode.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic of an embodiment of an air conditioning system operating an alternative cooling mode
  • FIG. 2 Shown in FIG. 2 is an improved air conditioning system 200 .
  • refrigerant is circulated in a refrigerant pathway 202 which flows the refrigerant through a typical refrigerant cycle including a compressor 204 , a condenser 206 , an expansion valve 208 , and an evaporator 210 .
  • a direct-expansion ice storage tank 212 is connected to the refrigerant conduit 202 via an ice tank pathway 214 .
  • the ice tank pathway 214 is connected to the refrigerant conduit 202 by one or more control valves 216 .
  • a refrigerant pump 218 may be located along the ice tank conduit 214 .
  • the evaporator 210 cools a flow of water which is circulated through a water pathway 220 through the evaporator 210 and to a chiller 222 which cools a desired space 224 via the flow of water. While the ice storage tank 212 is shown in FIG. 2 to be located outside of the chiller 222 , in some embodiments the ice storage tank 212 may be disposed internal to the chiller 222 . As will be explained in more detail below, the air conditioning system 200 eliminates the brine loop of the prior art resulting in a more efficient and less complex operation of the air conditioning system 200 versus that of the prior art.
  • the air conditioning system 200 operates in a variety of modes depending on cooling requirements of the space 224 . Shown in FIG. 3 is operation of the air conditioning system 200 in vapor compression, or water cooling mode. In this mode, the refrigerant flow (as shown by the dashed lines in FIG. 3 ) is circulated through the refrigerant pathway 202 as in a traditional air conditioning system. In this mode, the refrigerant flow passing through the evaporator 210 absorbs thermal energy from the water flow passing through the evaporator 210 .
  • Illustrated in FIG. 4 is operation of the air conditioning system 200 in ice storage mode.
  • the system can be operated in ice storage mode to freeze water, or other phase change material, in the ice storage tank 212 thus “storing” an amount of cooling energy in the ice storage tank 212 for use at a later time.
  • a control valve 216 is opened between the refrigerant pathway 202 and the ice tank pathway 214 and the expansion valve 208 is closed. This diverts the refrigerant flow from the condenser 206 through the control valve 216 and through the ice storage tank 212 via the ice tank pathway 214 .
  • the refrigerant flow (shown again by the dashed lines in FIG. 4 ) passes through the ice storage tank 212 at about ⁇ 3 to ⁇ 7 degrees Celsius, the water in the ice storage tank 212 is frozen.
  • the refrigerant flow leaving the ice storage tank 212 is returned to the compressor 204 .
  • the refrigerant flow bypasses the evaporator 210 when the system 200 is operating in ice storage mode.
  • the stored cooling energy in the ice storage tank 212 is utilized when the system 200 is operated in ice cooling mode illustrated in FIG. 5 .
  • the compressor 204 , condenser 206 an expansion valve 208 are all turned “off”.
  • the refrigerant (shown by dashed lines in FIG. 5 ) is circulated between the evaporator and the ice storage tank 212 .
  • the refrigerant flow naturally seeks the lowest temperature portion of the system 200 , which in this mode is the ice storage tank 212 , so it is not necessary to pump the refrigerant to the ice storage tank 212 .
  • the refrigerant flows through the ice storage tank 212 where it is cooled, changing the phase from gas to liquid and pumped in liquid phase from the ice storage tank 212 via the refrigerant pump 218 .
  • the cooled refrigerant then flows through the evaporator 210 where thermal energy from the water flowing through the water pathway 220 is absorbed by the refrigerant flow thereby cooling the water flow.
  • the water flow is then circulated to the chiller 222 via the water pathway 220 .
  • the refrigerant is evaporated while absorbing a heat from water and in gas phase flow from the evaporator 210 bypasses the compressor 204 , condenser 206 and expansion valve 208 via a bypass pathway 226 and returns to the ice storage tank 212 .
  • the system 200 can also be operated in a dual water cooling and ice cooling mode.
  • this mode as shown in FIG. 6 , the compressor 204 , condenser 206 and expansion valve 208 are turned “on”, but the valve 216 is closed.
  • Refrigerant (shown as the dashed lines in FIG. 6 ) circulates through both the refrigerant pathway 202 and the ice tank pathway 214 , with a portion of the refrigerant bypassing the compressor 204 and flowing to the ice storage tank 212 via the bypass pathway 226 .
  • the refrigerant portion flowing through the ice storage tank 212 is cooled by the ice stored therein while the refrigerant portion flowing into the compressor 204 is cooled via the compressor 204 , condenser 206 and expansion valve 208 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
US13/992,549 2011-02-25 2011-02-25 Air conditioning system with ice storage Abandoned US20140165616A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2011/000589 WO2012114143A1 (fr) 2011-02-25 2011-02-25 Système de climatisation avec stockage de glace

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20140165616A1 true US20140165616A1 (en) 2014-06-19

Family

ID=44626021

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/992,549 Abandoned US20140165616A1 (en) 2011-02-25 2011-02-25 Air conditioning system with ice storage

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20140165616A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2678612B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103403460A (fr)
ES (1) ES2663353T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012114143A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016044819A3 (fr) * 2014-09-19 2016-05-06 Axiom Exergy Inc. Systèmes et procédés d'implémentation de systèmes de conditionnement d'air robustes configurés pour utiliser un stockage d'énergie thermique afin de maintenir une température basse dans un espace cible
US11506405B2 (en) * 2017-01-09 2022-11-22 Organic Heat Exchangers Limited Thermal management systems and methods

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106524360A (zh) * 2016-04-26 2017-03-22 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 冰蓄冷空调系统的控制方法
TWI658238B (zh) * 2016-08-12 2019-05-01 國立勤益科技大學 分體式儲能系統及其方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4406138A (en) * 1981-11-18 1983-09-27 Honeywell Inc. Load management control air conditioning system
US4964279A (en) * 1989-06-07 1990-10-23 Baltimore Aircoil Company Cooling system with supplemental thermal storage
US5832743A (en) * 1995-11-20 1998-11-10 Adamovsky; Victor Shell and tube type evaporator
US6408633B1 (en) * 2000-08-08 2002-06-25 Instatherm Company Interfacing of thermal storage systems with air conditioning units
US7162878B2 (en) * 2003-10-15 2007-01-16 Ice Energy, Llc Refrigeration apparatus
US20090183518A1 (en) * 2004-05-25 2009-07-23 Ice Energy, Inc. Refrigerant-based thermal energy storage and cooling system with enhanced heat exchange capability

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CA2016690C (fr) * 1989-06-07 1994-03-08 William T. Osborne Systeme de climatisation avec accumulation de froid d'appoint
CN1165281A (zh) * 1997-04-30 1997-11-19 王之明 制冰制冷装置及其冰储冷空调系统
JP3087745B2 (ja) * 1998-12-01 2000-09-11 ダイキン工業株式会社 冷凍装置
CN1141526C (zh) * 2002-05-17 2004-03-10 清华大学 一种集成化冰蓄冷机组
CN1188638C (zh) * 2002-06-28 2005-02-09 清华同方股份有限公司 一种闭式外融冰空调装置
WO2006112638A1 (fr) * 2005-04-21 2006-10-26 Lg Electronics Inc. Conditionneur d'air a stockage thermique
CN1818505B (zh) * 2006-03-10 2010-04-14 浙江大学 动态制冰系统
CN101280941A (zh) * 2008-03-18 2008-10-08 上海阿尔西空调系统服务有限公司 双冷源热泵集中式空调装置
JP4567075B2 (ja) * 2008-05-22 2010-10-20 新菱冷熱工業株式会社 過冷却水を用いた氷蓄熱システムにおける解氷装置

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4406138A (en) * 1981-11-18 1983-09-27 Honeywell Inc. Load management control air conditioning system
US4964279A (en) * 1989-06-07 1990-10-23 Baltimore Aircoil Company Cooling system with supplemental thermal storage
US5832743A (en) * 1995-11-20 1998-11-10 Adamovsky; Victor Shell and tube type evaporator
US6408633B1 (en) * 2000-08-08 2002-06-25 Instatherm Company Interfacing of thermal storage systems with air conditioning units
US7162878B2 (en) * 2003-10-15 2007-01-16 Ice Energy, Llc Refrigeration apparatus
US20090183518A1 (en) * 2004-05-25 2009-07-23 Ice Energy, Inc. Refrigerant-based thermal energy storage and cooling system with enhanced heat exchange capability

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016044819A3 (fr) * 2014-09-19 2016-05-06 Axiom Exergy Inc. Systèmes et procédés d'implémentation de systèmes de conditionnement d'air robustes configurés pour utiliser un stockage d'énergie thermique afin de maintenir une température basse dans un espace cible
US9441861B2 (en) 2014-09-19 2016-09-13 Axiom Exergy Inc. Systems and methods implementing robust air conditioning systems configured to utilize thermal energy storage to maintain a low temperature for a target space
US9945588B2 (en) 2014-09-19 2018-04-17 Axiom Exergy Inc. Systems and methods implementing robust air conditioning systems configured to utilize thermal energy storage to maintain a low temperature for a target space
US10451316B2 (en) 2014-09-19 2019-10-22 Axiom Exergy Inc. Systems and methods implementing robust air conditioning systems configured to utilize thermal energy storage to maintain a low temperature for a target space
US11506405B2 (en) * 2017-01-09 2022-11-22 Organic Heat Exchangers Limited Thermal management systems and methods

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2012114143A1 (fr) 2012-08-30
CN103403460A (zh) 2013-11-20
EP2678612B1 (fr) 2018-01-10
EP2678612A1 (fr) 2014-01-01
ES2663353T3 (es) 2018-04-12

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: CARRIER S.C.S., FRANCE

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:GRABON, MICHEL;DA COSTA, DIDIER;REEL/FRAME:031182/0588

Effective date: 20110222

Owner name: CARRIER CORPORATION, CONNECTICUT

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CARRIER S.C.S.;REEL/FRAME:031182/0693

Effective date: 20110325

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION