US20140157750A1 - Turbo-compressor train with rolling bearings and related assembly method - Google Patents

Turbo-compressor train with rolling bearings and related assembly method Download PDF

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Publication number
US20140157750A1
US20140157750A1 US14/235,228 US201214235228A US2014157750A1 US 20140157750 A1 US20140157750 A1 US 20140157750A1 US 201214235228 A US201214235228 A US 201214235228A US 2014157750 A1 US2014157750 A1 US 2014157750A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
compressor
gas turbine
train
turbo
shaft
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Abandoned
Application number
US14/235,228
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English (en)
Inventor
Giacomo Landi
Massimo Camatti
Guido Peano
Lorenzo Naldi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nuovo Pignone SpA
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Nuovo Pignone SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Assigned to NUOVO PIGNONE SPA reassignment NUOVO PIGNONE SPA ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CAMATTI, MASSIMO, PEANO, Guido, Naldi, Lorenzo, Landi, Giacomo
Publication of US20140157750A1 publication Critical patent/US20140157750A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/18—Lubricating arrangements
    • F01D25/20—Lubricating arrangements using lubrication pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/18—Lubricating arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
    • F02C6/06—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output providing compressed gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/36—Power transmission arrangements between the different shafts of the gas turbine plant, or between the gas-turbine plant and the power user
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/32—Arrangement, mounting, or driving, of auxiliaries
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/40—Transmission of power
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the subject matter disclosed herein generally relate to methods and systems and, more particularly, to mechanisms and techniques for providing an entire turbo-compressor train with a single lube pump and/or with a single lubrication oil medium.
  • Gas turbines are used in many sectors of the industry, from military to power generation. They are used mainly to produce electrical energy. However, some gas turbines are used to propel various vehicles, airplanes, ships, etc. In the oil and gas field, the gas turbines are used to drive compressors, pumps and/or generators. As shown in FIG. 1 , a gas turbine 12 may be connected to a compressor or generator 14 and to an auxiliary equipment 16 . A gear box 18 or other equipment may be provided between the gas turbine 12 and the compressor or generator 14 . All these elements form a turbo-compressor train 10 .
  • the gas turbine 12 may include a compressor 20 that is configured to receive a gas (e.g., air) at an input 22 and to provide the gas compressed to a predetermined pressure at an outlet 24 .
  • the compressed gas is then input to a combustor 26 where it is mixed with a fuel provided from a line 28 .
  • the mixture of gas and fuel is ignited and the hot gases at high pressure are provided to an input 30 of an expander 32 .
  • the exhaust gases are then released at output 34 of the expander 32 .
  • the expansion of the hot gases through the expander 32 determines a rotation of a rotoric part (not shown) which is coupled, through the gear box 18 to a shaft of the compressor 14 .
  • the compressor 14 is driven by the expander 32 .
  • One or more of the components of the turbo-compressor train 10 involves heavy rotoric parts (e.g., shaft, impeller, etc.) that rotate at a high speed. In order to promote the rotational motion of these components and to minimize the friction, various bearing units are provided in the train. A few arrangements are discussed next.
  • FIGS. 2A-C show the train 10 of FIG. 1 in which some elements have rolling bearings and the remaining elements have hydro-dynamic bearings. Those elements having the rolling bearings are identified with A and those having the hydro-dynamic bearings are identified with B. Further, it is noted that the rolling bearings need to use synthetic oil while the hydro-dynamic bearings need to use mineral oil. Thus, the arrangements shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B need two lube pumps, one for each type of bearings while the arrangement shown in FIG. 2C uses one lube pump and the mineral oil. These arrangements have a higher weight and maintenance cost due to the dual lube pump, they have a large footprint and require higher plant complexity. A disadvantage of the configuration shown in FIG. 2C is the higher lube oil consumption needed for hydrodynamic bearings.
  • turbo-compressor train that includes a gas turbine configured to transform thermal energy into mechanical energy; a centrifugal compressor having a shaft connected to a shaft of the gas turbine; and a single lube pump configured to provide synthetic oil to the gas turbine, and the centrifugal compressor.
  • the gas turbine, the centrifugal compressor and the single lube pump each has only rolling bearings.
  • turbo-compressor train that includes a gas turbine configured to transform thermal energy into mechanical energy; a generator having a shaft connected to a shaft of the gas turbine; and a single lube pump configured to provide synthetic oil to the gas turbine, and the generator.
  • the gas turbine, the generator and the single lube pump each has only rolling bearings.
  • a method for assembling a turbo-compressor train includes mechanically connecting a gas turbine to a centrifugal compressor; mechanically or electrically connecting a lube pump to the gas turbine; and providing each of the gas turbine, the centrifugal compressor and the lube pump only with rolling bearings and the lube pump is configured to pump synthetic oil.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional turbo-compressor train
  • FIGS. 2A , 2 B, and 2 C are schematic diagrams of conventional turbo-compressor trains having two lube pumps or being supplied only with mineral oil;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a rolling bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a hydro-dynamic bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a turbo-compressor train having a single lube pump according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a turbo-compressor train having a single lube pump electrically connected to the train according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a centrifugal compressor according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another turbo-compressor train having a single lube pump according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a method for assembling a turbo-compressor train with a single lube pump according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the components of an entire turbo-compressor train are provided with rolling bearings.
  • no component has hydro-dynamic bearings, which is different from the traditional trains in which the compressors have hydro-dynamic bearings.
  • traditional centrifugal compressors do not have rolling bearings because for this solution it is more complex to compensate the axial thrust.
  • the dynamic behavior of the compressor with rolling bearings is negatively influenced by the high stiffness, while the solution with hydrodynamic bearings is much more damped.
  • a single lube pump is used for all the components, which results in a lower weight of the train, lower machine cost, lower footprint, and higher reliability.
  • the single lump pump may be part of the train or may be an auxiliary component of the train.
  • the lump pump may be mechanically or electrically connected to the train.
  • a generic rolling bearing 50 is shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the rolling bearing 50 includes two races, an exterior race 52 and an interior race 54 . These two races guide rolling elements 56 .
  • the rolling elements 56 may be balls, as shown in the figure, or may have other shapes, e.g., cylinders, etc. They may be tapered or not.
  • a cage 58 may be used for keeping the rolling elements at desired distances one from the other. Other types of rolling bearings exist and are known in the art.
  • the rolling bearing 50 shown in FIG. 3 is traditionally lubed with synthetic oil or grease, depending on the application.
  • Synthetic oil is a lubricant that includes chemical compounds which are artificially made (synthesized).
  • the synthetic lubricants can be manufactured using chemically modified petroleum components rather than crude oil, but can also be synthesized from other raw materials.
  • Synthetic oil is used as a substitute for lubricant refined from petroleum when operating in extreme temperature, because it generally provides superior mechanical and chemical properties than those found in traditional mineral oils.
  • a generic hydro-dynamic bearing 60 includes a ring 62 that is configured to hold plural pads 64 , each having a working surface 64 a.
  • the pads 64 are retained by a blocking plate 66 to prevent them from sliding in a rotational direction A when a shaft (not shown) rotates at high speeds inside the ring 62 , in direction A.
  • Corresponding retention plates 68 for preventing axial dislocation, retain the pads 64 in the proximity of the ring 62 .
  • Ring 62 , blocking plate 66 and retention plates 68 define a predetermined volume in which pad 64 may pivot about a retaining head (not shown).
  • Mineral oil is provided on the working surface 64 a so that an oil film forms between the rotating shaft (not shown) and the pads 64 .
  • the mineral oil is a liquid by-product of the distillation of petroleum to produce gasoline and other petroleum based products from crude oil.
  • the mineral oil includes mainly alkanes (typically 15 to 40 carbons) and cyclic paraffins, related to petroleum jelly (also known as “white petrolatum”).
  • a turbo-compressor train is configured to have only rolling bearings and no hydro-dynamic bearings.
  • the compressor in the turbo-compressor train is a centrifugal compressor, no hydro-dynamic bearings are used.
  • the conventional centrifugal compressors do not use rolling bearings but only hydro-dynamic bearings.
  • FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment of a turbo-compressor train 100 having all components provided with rolling bearings and no hydro-dynamic bearings.
  • the turbo-compressor train 100 includes a compressor 102 fluidly connected to a combustion chamber 104 in which fuel and air are mixed together and ignited.
  • the hot gases are provided to an expander 106 whose shaft is rotated by the expansion of the hot gases.
  • the expander 106 may be an axial expander.
  • a shaft 108 of the expander 106 may be connected to a shaft 110 of a centrifugal compressor 112 and also to the compressor 102 .
  • a shaft of the compressor 102 may be connected to an auxiliary gear box 114 that is configured to transmit rotational motion to a shaft of a pump 116 .
  • the pump 116 may be the lube pump for the synthetic oil necessary to the rolling bearings of the various components of the turbo-compressor train.
  • a train 200 includes all the components shown in FIG. 5 for the train 100 except that the pump 216 is not part of the train. Further, the pump 216 is not mechanically (rotational motion) connected to the train. In this exemplary embodiment, the pump is supplied with, for example, electrical power from a power source 218 (e.g., power grid or a power generator of the train). In this regard, it is noted that all the embodiments discussed in this application (e.g., FIGS. 5 and 8 ) may have the pump either mechanically or electrically connected to the train. Further, the pump may or may not be part of the train, depending on the application.
  • a power source 218 e.g., power grid or a power generator of the train.
  • the pump 116 , the auxiliary gearbox 114 , the compressor 102 , the expander 106 , and the centrifugal compressor 112 each has rolling bearings.
  • a single lube pump is used and the only oil used is the synthetic oil.
  • the centrifugal compressor 112 may be replaced by a generator.
  • the generator has rolling bearings and not hydro-dynamic bearings. Because the rolling bearings may not support enough axial trust in comparison to the hydro-dynamic bearings, a dedicated thrust balance system (developed by the assignee of this patent application) may be necessary.
  • a generic centrifugal compressor 140 modified as discussed above is shown in FIG. 7 and is defined by the fact that air intake reaches along an X direction, at position 142 , an impeller 144 and exits along a Y direction at position 146 having increased the speed of the air due to the centrifugal motion through the impeller 144 .
  • the impeller 144 is shown connected to the shaft 110 , which is supported by the rolling bearings 148 and 150 .
  • piping 170 connects the lube pump 116 to each of the components of the turbo-compressor train for supplying the necessary synthetic oil.
  • a gearbox 180 may be provided between the shaft 108 of the expander 106 and the shaft 110 of the centrifugal compressor or generator 112 .
  • the gearbox 180 is configured to use synthetic oil and, if necessary, rolling bearings.
  • the method includes a step 900 of mechanically connecting a gas turbine to a centrifugal compressor; a step 902 of mechanically or electrically connecting a lube pump to the gas turbine; and a step 904 of providing each of the gas turbine, the centrifugal compressor and the lube pump only with rolling bearings and the lube pump is configured to pump synthetic oil.
  • the disclosed exemplary embodiments provide a turbo-compressor and a method for providing rolling bearings to each component of the turbo-compressor. It should be understood that this description is not intended to limit the invention. On the contrary, the exemplary embodiments are intended to cover alternatives, modifications and equivalents, which are included in the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Further, in the detailed description of the exemplary embodiments, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the claimed invention. However, one skilled in the art would understand that various embodiments may be practiced without such specific details.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
US14/235,228 2011-07-28 2012-07-25 Turbo-compressor train with rolling bearings and related assembly method Abandoned US20140157750A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000031A ITCO20110031A1 (it) 2011-07-28 2011-07-28 Treno di turbocompressori con supporti rotanti e metodo
ITCO2011A000031 2011-07-28
PCT/EP2012/064615 WO2013014198A1 (en) 2011-07-28 2012-07-25 Turbo - compressor train with rolling bearings and related assembly method

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US20140157750A1 true US20140157750A1 (en) 2014-06-12

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US (1) US20140157750A1 (ko)
EP (1) EP2737191B1 (ko)
JP (2) JP2014521862A (ko)
KR (1) KR101941320B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN103717856B (ko)
AU (1) AU2012288836B2 (ko)
BR (1) BR112014001115B1 (ko)
CA (1) CA2843112C (ko)
IT (1) ITCO20110031A1 (ko)
RU (1) RU2623058C2 (ko)
WO (1) WO2013014198A1 (ko)

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ITUB20155049A1 (it) 2015-10-20 2017-04-20 Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie Srl Treno integrato di generazione di potenza e compressione, e metodo
FR3049007B1 (fr) * 2016-03-15 2019-05-10 Safran Aircraft Engines Turboreacteur ayant un groupe lubrification des paliers simplifie
FR3049006B1 (fr) * 2016-03-15 2018-03-16 Safran Aircraft Engines Turboreacteur ayant un groupe lubrification des paliers simplifie
IT201700008681A1 (it) * 2017-01-26 2018-07-26 Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie Srl Sistema di turbina a gas
JP2019017926A (ja) * 2017-07-21 2019-02-07 株式会社三洋物産 遊技機

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RU2623058C2 (ru) 2017-06-21
BR112014001115B1 (pt) 2021-01-19
JP6462024B2 (ja) 2019-01-30
AU2012288836A1 (en) 2014-02-06
KR20140044378A (ko) 2014-04-14
CA2843112A1 (en) 2013-01-31
CA2843112C (en) 2020-01-21
CN103717856A (zh) 2014-04-09
EP2737191B1 (en) 2024-09-11
JP2014521862A (ja) 2014-08-28
JP2017141835A (ja) 2017-08-17
WO2013014198A1 (en) 2013-01-31
CN103717856B (zh) 2017-06-27
BR112014001115A2 (pt) 2017-02-14
AU2012288836B2 (en) 2016-09-08
ITCO20110031A1 (it) 2013-01-29
KR101941320B1 (ko) 2019-01-22
RU2014100848A (ru) 2015-09-10

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