US20140133986A1 - Turbine engine rotor, method of producing the same, method of joining ni-based superalloy member and steel member, and junction structure of ni-based superalloy member and steel member - Google Patents

Turbine engine rotor, method of producing the same, method of joining ni-based superalloy member and steel member, and junction structure of ni-based superalloy member and steel member Download PDF

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Publication number
US20140133986A1
US20140133986A1 US14/128,387 US201214128387A US2014133986A1 US 20140133986 A1 US20140133986 A1 US 20140133986A1 US 201214128387 A US201214128387 A US 201214128387A US 2014133986 A1 US2014133986 A1 US 2014133986A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
based superalloy
steel
rotor
rotor disc
intermediate member
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Abandoned
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US14/128,387
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English (en)
Inventor
Akinori Matsuoka
Hironori Okauchi
Shinji Koga
Takehiro Hyoue
Yusuke Takeda
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Kawasaki Motors Ltd
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Kawasaki Jukogyo KK
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Assigned to KAWASAKI JUKOGYO KABUSHIKI KAISHA reassignment KAWASAKI JUKOGYO KABUSHIKI KAISHA ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HYOUE, TAKEHIRO, TAKEDA, YUSUKE, OKAUCHI, HIRONORI, KOGA, SHINJI, MATSUOKA, Akinori
Publication of US20140133986A1 publication Critical patent/US20140133986A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/06—Rotors for more than one axial stage, e.g. of drum or multiple disc type; Details thereof, e.g. shafts, shaft connections
    • F01D5/063—Welded rotors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
    • B23K15/0046—Welding
    • B23K15/0053—Seam welding
    • B23K15/0073—Seam welding with interposition of particular material to facilitate connecting the parts, e.g. using a filler
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
    • B23K15/04—Electron-beam welding or cutting for welding annular seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/001—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces
    • B23K35/004—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces at least one of the workpieces being of a metal of the iron group
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3033—Ni as the principal constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
    • C22C19/055—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/001—Turbines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/06—Tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
    • B23K2103/05—Stainless steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
    • B23K2103/26—Alloys of Nickel and Cobalt and Chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/50—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for welded joints
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49316—Impeller making

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat-resistant turbine engine rotor for use in, for example, gas turbine engines and steam turbine engines.
  • the present invention particularly relates to technology for joining a Ni-based superalloy member and a steel member, which are members forming a turbine engine rotor.
  • Patent Literatures 1 and 2 propose that the Ni-based superalloy member and the steel member be welded together not directly but with an intermediate layer interposed between the superalloy member and the steel member.
  • Patent Literature 1 discloses a method of joining a first portion and a second portion.
  • the first portion is formed of a low-alloy steel and the second portion is formed of a Ni-based superalloy.
  • Nb niobium
  • IN617 is used as the intermediate layer.
  • the intermediate layer is a result of multiple individual layers being welded to each other by MAG (Metal Active Gas) welding or TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) welding.
  • Patent Literature 2 discloses inserting a rotor ring between a first rotor disc formed of a Ni-based superalloy and a second rotor disc formed of a steel, the rotor ring being welded to both of the rotor discs.
  • the first rotor disc is formed of Waspaloy [registered trademark]
  • the rotor ring is a result of a first rotor ring and a second rotor ring welded together, the first rotor ring being formed of 10% Cr steel, the second rotor ring being formed of a solution heat treated Ni-based superalloy (IN617).
  • the intermediate layer in Patent Literature 1 and the rotor ring in Patent Literature 2 are both formed of multiple members each having a different composition, and these multiple members are joined together by arc welding such as MAG welding or TIG welding.
  • arc welding such as MAG welding or TIG welding.
  • a large amount of base material is melted during the welding.
  • great deformation occurs at a joint between welded workpieces. Therefore, machining such as cutting is necessary after the welding. This results in an increase in the amount of processing.
  • a Ni-based superalloy member and a steel member are welded together
  • a steel member having gone through quenching and tempering treatment, and a Ni-based superalloy member having gone through solution heat treatment are welded together.
  • age-hardening treatment it is necessary to perform age-hardening treatment at a temperature higher than 700° C. in order to obtain ductility and toughness of the Ni-based superalloy portion.
  • the steel portion is heated to such a temperature, the strength of the steel portion degrades significantly.
  • age-hardening treatment and residual stress relief treatment are performed at a temperature not higher than 700° C. in order to suppress degradation of the strength of the steel portion, then the Ni-based superalloy portion cannot have excellent ductility and toughness.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a turbine engine rotor including a Ni-based superalloy portion and a steel portion and a method of producing the turbine engine rotor, in which a connection portion between the Ni-based superalloy portion and the steel portion has sufficient strength necessary for the turbine engine rotor, and in addition, deformation at the connection portion is suppressed to such a low level as to eliminate the necessity of performing after-treatment by machining.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of joining a Ni-based superalloy member and a steel member, and a junction structure of the Ni-based superalloy member and the steel member, which are suitably applicable to the above turbine engine rotor.
  • a method of producing a turbine engine rotor according to the present invention includes: joining a first rotor disc and an intermediate member together by electronic beam welding, the first rotor disc being formed of a solution heat treated precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy, the intermediate member being formed of a solid solution strengthened Ni-based superalloy; performing age-hardening treatment on a joined body of the first rotor disc and the intermediate member at a first temperature which is a suitable temperature for age-hardening the precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy; joining the intermediate member and a second rotor disc together by electronic beam welding, the second rotor disc being formed of a heat-resistant steel; and performing annealing treatment on a joined body of the first rotor disc, the intermediate member, and the second rotor disc at a second temperature which is a suitable temperature for annealing the steel.
  • a turbine engine rotor includes a plurality of rotor discs connected to each other in an axial direction.
  • the turbine engine rotor includes: two rotor discs which are a first rotor disc and a second rotor disc adjacent to each other, the first rotor disc being formed of a solution heat treated precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy, the second rotor disc being formed of a heat-resistant steel.
  • the first rotor disc and an intermediate member are joined together by electronic beam welding, the intermediate member being formed of a solid solution strengthened Ni-based superalloy, and the second rotor disc and the intermediate member are joined together by electronic beam welding.
  • the turbine engine rotor is allowed to include: a low temperature resistant portion formed of a steel member; and a high temperature resistant portion formed of a precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy member resistant to higher temperatures than the steel member.
  • the precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy member (i.e., first rotor disc) and the steel member (i.e., second rotor disc) forming the turbine engine rotor are connected via an intermediate member formed of a solid solution strengthened Ni-based superalloy. This makes it possible to suitably perform different heat treatments on the steel portion and the precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy portion, respectively.
  • age-hardening treatment can be performed for allowing the precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy portion to have necessary strength.
  • annealing treatment on the steel portion and residual stress relief treatment can be performed. This makes it possible to allow a connection portion between the high temperature resistant portion and the low temperature resistant portion of the turbine engine rotor to have sufficient strength necessary for the turbine engine rotor.
  • the precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy member (i.e., first rotor disc) and the intermediate member are joined together by electronic beam welding, and also, the intermediate member and the steel member (i.e., second rotor disc) are joined together by electronic beam welding.
  • deformation at the joints is suppressed to such a low level as to eliminate the necessity of performing after-treatment by machining.
  • This makes it possible to suppress an increase in the amount of processing in the production of the turbine engine rotor.
  • no or a negligible amount of intermetallic compound is formed as a brittle phase at the joint interface between the intermediate member and the steel member. This makes it possible to suppress a decrease in the strength of the joint between the intermediate member and the steel member.
  • a method of joining a Ni-based superalloy member and a steel member according to the present invention is a method of joining a first member and a second member, the first member being formed of a precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy, the second member being formed of a heat-resistant steel.
  • the method includes: joining the first member and an intermediate member together by electronic beam welding, the intermediate member being formed of a solid solution strengthened Ni-based superalloy; performing age-hardening treatment on a joined body of the first member and the intermediate member at a first temperature which is a suitable temperature for age-hardening the first member; joining the intermediate member and the second member together by electronic beam welding; and performing annealing treatment on a joined body of the first member, the intermediate member, and the second member at a second temperature which is a suitable temperature for annealing the second member.
  • a junction structure of a Ni-based superalloy member and a steel member according to the present invention includes: a first member formed of a precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy; and a second member formed of a heat-resistant steel.
  • the first member and an intermediate member are joined together by electronic beam welding, the intermediate member being formed of a solid solution strengthened Ni-based superalloy, and the second member and the intermediate member are joined together by electronic beam welding.
  • the first member formed of the precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy and the second member formed of the heat-resistant steel are connected via the intermediate member formed of the solid solution strengthened Ni-based superalloy.
  • age-hardening treatment can be performed for allowing the precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy portion to have necessary strength.
  • annealing treatment on the steel portion and residual stress relief treatment can be performed.
  • the junction structure of the Ni-based superalloy member and the steel member makes it possible to allow the junction structure of the Ni-based superalloy member and the steel member to have sufficient strength at the joint between the first member and the second member.
  • the first member and the intermediate member are joined together by electronic beam welding, and also, the intermediate member and the second member are joined together by electronic beam welding.
  • deformation at the joints is suppressed to such a low level as to eliminate the necessity of performing after-treatment by machining.
  • no or a negligible amount of intermetallic compound is formed as a brittle phase at the joint interface between the intermediate member and the second member. This makes it possible to suppress a decrease in the strength of the joint between the intermediate member and the second member.
  • the solid solution strengthened Ni-based superalloy is desirably Inconel 625 (IN625).
  • the precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy is desirably Inconel 718 (IN718), and in this case, the first temperature is desirably in a temperature range from 710 to 726° C.
  • the steel is desirably 12% Cr steel, and in this case, the second temperature is desirably in a temperature range from 570 to 590° C.
  • the precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy member (i.e., first rotor disc) and the steel member (i.e., second rotor disc), which are connected via the intermediate member can be suitably subjected to different heat treatments, respectively.
  • the precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy member and the intermediate member are joined together by electronic beam welding, and also, the intermediate member and the steel member are joined together by electronic beam welding.
  • deformation at the joints is suppressed to such a low level as to eliminate the necessity of performing after-treatment by machining. This makes it possible to suppress an increase in the amount of processing.
  • FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view of a gas turbine engine including a compressor rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing components of the compressor rotor.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a high temperature resistant rotor disc and a low temperature resistant rotor disc connected via an intermediate member.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a flow of a process of connecting the high temperature resistant rotor disc and the low temperature resistant rotor disc.
  • FIG. 5 is an upper-half sectional view showing a state where the high temperature resistant rotor disc and the intermediate member are joined together.
  • FIG. 6 is an upper-half sectional view showing a state where the intermediate member and the low temperature resistant rotor disc are joined together.
  • FIG. 7 is an upper-half sectional view showing a state where the high temperature resistant rotor disc and the low temperature resistant rotor disc are connected via the intermediate member.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross sectional photograph showing an IN718 member and an FV535 member connected via an IN625 member.
  • FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view of the gas turbine engine including the compressor rotor according to the present embodiment.
  • the gas turbine 1 includes: a cylindrical housing 15 extending in the direction of a central axis C; a centrifugal or axial rotary compressor 3 accommodated in the housing 15 ; combustors 5 ; and a centrifugal or axial turbine 7 .
  • the gas turbine 1 according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of combustors 5 .
  • the combustors 5 are arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction of the gas turbine 1 .
  • the compressor 3 , the combustors 5 , and the turbine 7 are sequentially arranged on the same central axis, which is the central axis C of the gas turbine 1 .
  • the direction in which the central axis C of the gas turbine 1 extends is referred to as an “axial direction”.
  • the compressor 3 side in the axial direction may be referred to as a “front side L F ”
  • the turbine 7 side in the axial direction may be referred to as a “back side L B ”.
  • the compressor 3 is an axial compressor.
  • the compressor 3 includes the compressor rotor 11 at the front side L F within the housing 15 , the compressor rotor 11 forming the primary side of the rotating body of the gas turbine 1 .
  • a connecting unit 12 is connected to the back side L B of the compressor rotor 11 in a manner that the connecting unit 12 is not rotatable relative to the compressor rotor 11 .
  • a large number of rotor blades 13 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the compressor rotor 11 , and a large number of stationary blades 17 are provided at the inner periphery of the front side L F of the housing 15 .
  • a cylindrical cowl 20 is provided inside the housing 15 at the end of the front side L F of the housing 15 , and an intake cylinder 19 is provided outside the housing 15 at the end of the front side L F of the housing 15 .
  • the turbine 7 is an axial turbine.
  • the turbine 7 includes: a turbine rotor 33 forming a secondary side of the rotating body of the gas turbine 1 ; and a turbine casing 35 covering the turbine rotor 33 .
  • Multi-stage turbine stationary blades 37 are provided at the inner periphery of the turbine casing 35 and arranged in the axial direction.
  • the turbine rotor 33 is provided with multi-stage turbine rotor blades 39 , which are arranged in the axial direction such that the turbine rotor blades 39 of the respective stages and the turbine stationary blades 37 of the respective stages are arranged alternately in the axial direction.
  • the compressor rotor 11 of the compressor 3 and the turbine rotor 33 of the turbine 7 are connected in the axial direction via the connecting unit 12 , and thus integrated as the rotating body of the gas turbine 1 .
  • the rotating body is rotatably supported by the housing 15 via bearings 43 and 47 .
  • the compressor 3 compresses combustion air 99 introduced from the outside and sends the compressed air into the combustors 5 , and a fuel 98 is injected into the combustors 5 where the fuel 98 is combusted.
  • the compressor rotor 11 of the compressor 3 rotates, the combustion air 99 is sucked from the intake cylinder 19 into the housing 15 through a path between the inner peripheral surface of the housing 15 and the outer peripheral surface of the cowl 20 owing to the functions of the rotor blades 13 and the stationary blades 17 .
  • the combustion air 99 sucked into the housing 15 is then compressed.
  • the compressed combustion air 99 is sent to each combustor 5 via a diffuser 21 provided between the compressor 3 and the combustor 5 .
  • the compressed combustion air 99 and the fuel 98 injected into the combustor 5 are mixed together and combusted, and thereby a high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas is generated.
  • the combustion gas flows into the turbine 7 through a turbine nozzle, and causes the turbine rotor 33 of the turbine 7 to rotate. Since the shaft of the turbine 7 is directly connected to the compressor 3 , compression power is transmitted from the turbine 7 to the compressor 3 . As a result, the operation of the gas turbine 1 continues.
  • the compressor rotor 11 included in the gas turbine 1 having the above-described structure is described in detail.
  • the back side L B of the compressor rotor 11 is positioned near the combustors 5 and comes into contact with the compressed combustion air 99 .
  • the back side L B of the compressor rotor 11 is a region exposed to high temperatures.
  • the front side L F of the compressor rotor 11 is a region exposed to temperatures lower than the temperature of the back side L B of the compressor rotor 11 .
  • the region exposed to high temperatures may be referred to as a “high temperature region”, and the region exposed to temperatures lower than the temperature of the high temperature region may be referred to as a “low temperature region”.
  • the high temperature region includes portions of the compressor rotor 11 where the temperature increases to become higher than 300° C.
  • the low temperature region includes portions of the compressor rotor 11 where the temperature does not become higher than 300° C.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing components of the compressor rotor 11 .
  • the compressor rotor 11 includes a plurality of rotor discs 25 , which are connected to one another in the axial direction.
  • Each of the rotor discs 25 has a discoid shape and a hollow center.
  • a recess 23 is formed in the outer periphery of each rotor disc 25 .
  • the rotor blades 13 are implanted into the recesses 23 .
  • high temperature resistant rotor discs 25 H rotor discs in the high temperature region
  • rotor discs in the high temperature region are formed of a precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy, which is a material having high temperature strength.
  • Inconel 718 (IN718) is used as the precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy.
  • low temperature resistant rotor discs 25 L are formed of a relatively inexpensive steel member.
  • stainless steel is used as the steel member.
  • 12% Cr steel e.g., FV535), which is a martensitic stainless steel having excellent high temperature strength, is used.
  • the high temperature resistant rotor discs 25 H i.e., the Ni-based superalloy members
  • the low temperature resistant rotor discs 25 L i.e., the steel members
  • one of the high temperature resistant rotor discs 25 H and its adjacent low temperature resistant rotor disc 25 L are connected via an intermediate member 26 (see FIG. 3 ).
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the high temperature resistant rotor disc 25 H and the low temperature resistant rotor disc 25 L connected via the intermediate member 26 .
  • the high temperature resistant rotor disc 25 H (Ni-based superalloy member) and the intermediate member 26 are joined together by electronic beam welding, and the intermediate member 26 and the low temperature resistant rotor disc 25 L (steel member) are joined together by electronic beam welding.
  • the intermediate member 26 is a solid solution strengthened Ni-based superalloy member.
  • Inconel 625 (IN625) is used as the solid solution strengthened Ni-based superalloy.
  • Table 1 below shows the chemical compositions of the materials (precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy, steel) of the rotor discs 25 (high temperature resistant rotor discs 25 H, low temperature resistant rotor discs 25 L) and the material (solid solution strengthened Ni-based superalloy) of the intermediate member 26 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a flow of a process of connecting the high temperature resistant rotor disc 25 H and the low temperature resistant rotor disc 25 L.
  • FIG. 5 is an upper-half sectional view showing a state where the high temperature resistant rotor disc 25 H and the intermediate member 26 are joined together;
  • FIG. 6 is an upper-half sectional view showing a state where the intermediate member 26 and the low temperature resistant rotor disc 25 L are joined together;
  • FIG. 7 is an upper-half sectional view showing a state where the high temperature resistant rotor disc 25 H and the low temperature resistant rotor disc 25 L are connected via the intermediate member 26 .
  • steps of producing a rotor disc connected body 27 by connecting the high temperature resistant rotor disc 25 H and the low temperature resistant rotor disc 25 L are described in detail.
  • the description below includes a description of a method of joining the precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy member and the steel member.
  • the high temperature resistant rotor disc 25 H and the intermediate member 26 i.e., the precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy member and the intermediate member 26 , are brought into contact with and directly joined to each other by electronic beam welding with no use of a welding material (step S 1 ).
  • the joined body thus obtained by joining the high temperature resistant rotor disc 25 H and the intermediate member 26 together is hereinafter referred to as a “primary work W 1 ”.
  • the high temperature resistant rotor disc 25 H is solution heat treated at a temperature higher than or equal to a solid solution temperature at which a precipitation hardening phase is solutionized.
  • the amount of base material melted by electronic beam welding is less than the amount of base material melted by arc welding, and also, electronic beam welding causes less distortion at the welded portion than arc welding. Moreover, since electronic beam welding is performed in a vacuum, a stable welding quality can be maintained. Accordingly, in the primary work W 1 , deformation and distortion are small at the joint interface between the high temperature resistant rotor disc 25 H and the intermediate member 26 . Therefore, after-treatment following the welding process, such as a cutting process, is not necessary.
  • age-hardening treatment is performed on the primary work W 1 (step S 2 ).
  • the primary work W 1 having gone through the age-hardening treatment is hereinafter referred to as a “secondary work W 2 ”.
  • the primary work W 1 in order to increase the hardness and strength (ductility and toughness) of the solution heat treated high temperature resistant rotor disc 25 H, i.e., the solution heat treated precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy member, the primary work W 1 is kept evenly heated at a suitable first temperature.
  • the “first temperature” herein is a temperature suitable for age-hardening the precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy forming the high temperature resistant rotor disc 25 H.
  • the first temperature is in a temperature range from 710 to 726° C., and most desirably 718° C.
  • a fine precipitated phase (Ni 3 Nb- ⁇ ′′ phase; gamma double prime phase), which is a strengthened phase, is formed in the base material of the precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy (IN718) forming the high temperature resistant rotor disc 25 H. Accordingly, the strength of the precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy increases. It should be noted that if the precipitated phase ( ⁇ ′′ phase) exists when the precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy member and the intermediate member are welded together, a crack occurs, causing a significant decrease in the welding performance. Therefore, the age-hardening treatment needs to be performed after the high temperature resistant rotor disc 25 H and the intermediate member 26 are welded together.
  • the intermediate member 26 and the low temperature resistant rotor disc 25 L of the secondary work W 2 i.e., the intermediate member 26 and the steel member, are brought into contact with and directly joined to each other by electronic beam welding with no use of a welding material (step S 3 ).
  • the joined body thus obtained by joining the secondary work W 2 and the low temperature resistant rotor disc 25 L together is referred to as a “tertiary work W 3 ”. It should be noted that quenching treatment is performed on the low temperature resistant rotor disc 25 L before the low temperature resistant rotor disc 25 L is joined to the intermediate member 26 .
  • annealing treatment is performed on the tertiary work W 3 (step S 4 ).
  • the tertiary work W 3 which has gone through the annealing treatment is hereinafter referred to as the “rotor disc connected body 27 ”.
  • the annealing treatment is performed in the following manner: the tertiary work W 3 is heated to a suitable second temperature and brought into an evenly-heated state; and thereafter cooled down under such conditions that the metal structure of the tertiary work W 3 is in a nearly equilibrium state when the temperature is reduced to a room temperature.
  • the “second temperature” herein is a suitable temperature for annealing the steel member forming the low temperature resistant rotor disc 25 L. Since the steel member forming the low temperature resistant rotor disc 25 L according to the present embodiment is FV535, the second temperature is in a temperature range from 570 to 590° C., and most desitably 580° C.
  • the tertiary work W 3 is subjected to residual stress relief treatment (SR treatment; Stress Relief heat treatment).
  • SR treatment residual stress relief treatment
  • a portion of the steel member of the tertiary work W 3 is heated again, and thereby the portion is tempered and hardened.
  • the rotor disc connected body 27 can be obtained by connecting the high temperature resistant rotor disc 25 H and the low temperature resistant rotor disc 25 L via the intermediate member 26 .
  • An end surface of the rotor disc connected body 27 at the high temperature resistant rotor disc 25 H side is joined to another high temperature resistant rotor disc 25 H before or after step S 1 by electronic beam welding or arc welding.
  • an end surface of the rotor disc connected body 27 at the low temperature resistant rotor disc 25 L side is joined to another low temperature resistant rotor disc 25 L before or after step S 3 by electronic beam welding or arc welding.
  • the plurality of rotor discs 25 are sequentially joined to one another, and thereby the compressor rotor 11 is produced.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross sectional photograph showing the IN718 member (precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy member) and the FV535 member (steel member) connected via the IN625 member (intermediate member) through the same process as in the above-described steps S 1 to S 4 .
  • the IN718 member and the IN625 member are joined together by electronic beam welding with no use of a welding material, such that both of the members at their joint interface are melted and directly joined to each other.
  • the IN625 member and the FV535 member are joined together by electronic beam welding with no use of a welding material, such that both of the members at their joint interface are melted and directly joined to each other.
  • distortion and deformation after the welding process is performed are small at the joint between the IN718 member and the IN625 member as well as at the joint between the IN625 member and the FV535 member.
  • the amount of material melted at the joint interface in the welding process is significantly smaller than in the case where these members are joined together by arc welding. Accordingly, the formation of an intermetallic compound as a brittle phase can be suppressed, and distortion and deformation at the joint interface can be suppressed.
  • the compressor rotor 11 includes: a low temperature resistant portion in which the low temperature resistant rotor discs 25 L formed of the steel are joined to one another; and a high temperature resistant portion in which the high temperature resistant rotor discs 25 H formed of the precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy are joined to one another, the superalloy being resistant to higher temperatures than the steel.
  • One high temperature resistant rotor disc 25 H and one low temperature resistant rotor disc 25 L are connected via the intermediate member 26 formed of the solid solution strengthened Ni-based superalloy. This makes it possible to suitably perform different heat treatments on the steel portion and the the precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy portion, respectively.
  • age-hardening treatment can be performed for allowing the precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy portion to have necessary strength.
  • annealing treatment on the steel portion and residual stress relief treatment can be performed. This makes it possible to allow the connection portion between the high temperature resistant portion and the low temperature resistant portion of the compressor rotor 11 to have sufficient strength as a high-temperature component included in the gas turbine 1 .
  • the high temperature resistant rotor disc 25 H and the intermediate member 26 are joined together by electronic beam welding, and also, the intermediate member 26 and the low temperature resistant rotor disc 25 L are joined together by electronic beam welding.
  • deformation at the joints is suppressed to such a low level as to eliminate the necessity of performing after-treatment by machining. This makes it possible to suppress an increase in the amount of processing in the production of the compressor rotor 11 .
  • IN718 is used as the precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy.
  • the above embodiment is not thus limited.
  • a different precipitation hardened Ni-based superalloy may be used.
  • 12 Cr steel is used as the steel member.
  • a different heat-resistant steel that can be suitably used within the operating temperature limits of a turbine engine rotor may be used.
  • a low-alloy steel such as 2.5 Cr steel or 9 Cr steel, or stainless steel containing more than 12% of Cr, may be used.
  • the present invention applied to the compressor rotor included in the gas turbine engine is described.
  • the present invention is more widely applicable.
  • the present invention is widely applicable to turbine engine rotors included in various turbine engines, such as aircraft turbine engines, vessel turbine engines, land vehicle turbine engines, and land-based power generating turbine engines.
  • the present invention is useful for producing a rotor with excellent heat resistance for use in various turbine engines, such as aircraft turbine engines, vessel turbine engines, land vehicle turbine engines, and land-based power generating turbine engines.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Welding Or Cutting Using Electron Beams (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
US14/128,387 2011-06-22 2012-05-18 Turbine engine rotor, method of producing the same, method of joining ni-based superalloy member and steel member, and junction structure of ni-based superalloy member and steel member Abandoned US20140133986A1 (en)

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JP2011138745A JP5731915B2 (ja) 2011-06-22 2011-06-22 タービン用ロータおよびその製造方法ならびにＮｉ基超合金材と鋼材の接合方法および構造
JP2011-138745 2011-06-22
PCT/JP2012/003273 WO2012176373A1 (ja) 2011-06-22 2012-05-18 タービン用ロータおよびその製造方法ならびにＮｉ基超合金材と鋼材の接合方法および構造

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US20150044053A1 (en) * 2013-08-08 2015-02-12 Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd. Steam Turbine Rotor
CN108474559A (zh) * 2015-12-25 2018-08-31 川崎重工业株式会社 燃气涡轮发动机
US11136893B2 (en) * 2018-06-07 2021-10-05 Rolls-Royce Plc Gimbals and methods of manufacturing gimbals
CN113584294A (zh) * 2021-06-25 2021-11-02 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种沉淀强化高温合金焊后去应力处理方法
CN114737081A (zh) * 2022-04-06 2022-07-12 暨南大学 一种具有分层微观结构的Ni-Al-Ti基高温合金及其制备方法

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JP6066777B2 (ja) * 2013-03-06 2017-01-25 三菱重工業株式会社 蒸気タービン用ロータの製造方法
JP6181962B2 (ja) * 2013-04-16 2017-08-16 日本特殊陶業株式会社 燃焼圧センサ付きグロープラグの製造方法
RU2571673C1 (ru) * 2014-07-31 2015-12-20 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт авиационных материалов" (ФГУП "ВИАМ") Способ изготовления ротора турбины из никелевого жаропрочного сплава
RU2682064C1 (ru) * 2017-11-10 2019-03-14 Акционерное общество "Объединенная двигателестроительная корпорация"(АО "ОДК") Способ изготовления ротора турбомашины
RU2682065C1 (ru) * 2018-05-11 2019-03-14 Акционерное общество "Объединенная двигателестроительная корпорация" (АО "ОДК") Способ изготовления секций ротора газотурбинного двигателя
CN109880991B (zh) * 2019-03-14 2020-12-08 武汉西北风机发展有限公司 一种高防腐耐磨转炉一次除尘风机叶轮的热处理生产工艺
RU2706925C1 (ru) * 2019-04-11 2019-11-21 Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт проблем сверхпластичности металлов Российской академии наук (ИПСМ РАН) Способ изготовления составной заготовки типа "диск-вал" из жаропрочных сплавов
CN110883416B (zh) * 2019-12-18 2021-09-28 西安西工大超晶科技发展有限责任公司 一种铸造高温合金与马氏体不锈钢电子束焊接方法

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CN113584294A (zh) * 2021-06-25 2021-11-02 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种沉淀强化高温合金焊后去应力处理方法
CN114737081A (zh) * 2022-04-06 2022-07-12 暨南大学 一种具有分层微观结构的Ni-Al-Ti基高温合金及其制备方法

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CA2834753C (en) 2016-06-14
JP2013007282A (ja) 2013-01-10
EP2725214A1 (en) 2014-04-30

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