US20130277888A1 - Process for thermoforming infusion packets - Google Patents

Process for thermoforming infusion packets Download PDF

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Publication number
US20130277888A1
US20130277888A1 US13/977,971 US201113977971A US2013277888A1 US 20130277888 A1 US20130277888 A1 US 20130277888A1 US 201113977971 A US201113977971 A US 201113977971A US 2013277888 A1 US2013277888 A1 US 2013277888A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
thermoplastic material
mould
process according
temperature
thermoforming
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/977,971
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English (en)
Inventor
Adrian Michael Woodward
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Conopco Inc
Original Assignee
Conopco Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Conopco Inc filed Critical Conopco Inc
Assigned to CONOPCO INC., D/B/A UNILEVER reassignment CONOPCO INC., D/B/A UNILEVER ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: WOODWARD, ADRIAN MICHAEL
Publication of US20130277888A1 publication Critical patent/US20130277888A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B29/00—Packaging of materials presenting special problems
    • B65B29/02—Packaging of substances, e.g. tea, which are intended to be infused in the package
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/002—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • B29C51/004—Textile or other fibrous material made from plastics fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/08—Deep drawing or matched-mould forming, i.e. using mechanical means only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/26—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C51/265—Auxiliary operations during the thermoforming operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/26—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C51/42—Heating or cooling
    • B29C51/421—Heating or cooling of preforms, specially adapted for thermoforming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/26—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C51/42—Heating or cooling
    • B29C51/428—Heating or cooling of moulds or mould parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B11/00—Wrapping, e.g. partially or wholly enclosing, articles or quantities of material, in strips, sheets or blanks, of flexible material
    • B65B11/50—Enclosing articles, or quantities of material, by disposing contents between two sheets, e.g. pocketed sheets, and securing their opposed free margins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B29/00—Packaging of materials presenting special problems
    • B65B29/02—Packaging of substances, e.g. tea, which are intended to be infused in the package
    • B65B29/028—Packaging of substances, e.g. tea, which are intended to be infused in the package packaging infusion material into filter bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B47/00—Apparatus or devices for forming pockets or receptacles in or from sheets, blanks, or webs, comprising essentially a die into which the material is pressed or a folding die through which the material is moved
    • B65B47/02—Apparatus or devices for forming pockets or receptacles in or from sheets, blanks, or webs, comprising essentially a die into which the material is pressed or a folding die through which the material is moved with means for heating the material prior to forming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B29K2067/003—PET, i.e. poylethylene terephthalate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B29K2067/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids
    • B29K2067/046—PLA, i.e. polylactic acid or polylactide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037—Other properties
    • B29K2995/0065—Permeability to gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037—Other properties
    • B29K2995/0068—Permeability to liquids; Adsorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B29L2031/7122—Tea bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
    • B65D85/70—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for
    • B65D85/804—Disposable containers or packages with contents which are mixed, infused or dissolved in situ, i.e. without having been previously removed from the package
    • B65D85/808—Disposable containers or packages with contents which are mixed, infused or dissolved in situ, i.e. without having been previously removed from the package for immersion in the liquid to release part or all of their contents, e.g. tea bags

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the manufacture of packets, in particular to infusion packets such as tea bags having a pre-determined three-dimensional shape.
  • infusion packets such as tea bags were available primarily as square or round two-ply sheets of porous filter material, typically made of paper, with the infusible material, such as tea, sandwiched between the sheets.
  • Such packets restrict the flow of infusible material within the packet substantially to two dimensions. As a result the infusion performance of such packets is limited.
  • the tetrahedral shape is conventionally formed by making mutually perpendicular transverse seals in a tube of filter material and apparatus designed for such manufacture is ill-suited to the manufacture of other three-dimensional shapes.
  • thermoforming processes whilst capable of generating a variety of three-dimensional shapes, are not suitable for use with infusion packet material.
  • infusion packets are most commonly made of paper, which is not thermoformable. Secondly, even if they were made from a thermoformable material, they would be inappropriate for thermoforming due to their porosity and thinness of the material.
  • thermoforming processes involve a first step of heating the material followed by a second step of thermoforming the material.
  • the very small heat capacity of infusion packet material means that any heating will quickly be lost and so this approach will not work.
  • the porosity of the material prevents the use of air pressure to form the material.
  • Known thermoforming techniques typically involve the use of air pressure to form the material.
  • the porosity of infusion packet material makes this approach impractical, as any difference in air pressure across the material will quickly equalise.
  • thermoforming is not a practical method of generating a wide variety of three-dimensional shapes from infusion packet material.
  • thermoforming process that can produce three-dimensional shapes from infusion packet material.
  • the invention relates to a process for thermoforming a gas and liquid permeable layer of thermoplastic material having an average thickness of less than 1.0 mm, the process comprising the steps of bringing the layer of thermoplastic material, at a temperature below that required for thermoforming, into contact with a mould at a temperature above that of a thermoforming temperature of the thermoplastic material; pressing the mould into contact with the layer of thermoplastic material, the contact between mould and thermoplastic material causing heat to transfer from the mould to the thermoplastic material and raising the temperature of the thermoplastic material to a thermoformable temperature; such pressing thereby causing thermoforming of the thermoplastic material to conform to the shape of the mould.
  • thermoforming no heating of the thermoplastic material is carried out until thermoforming begins.
  • thermoplastic material has such a low capacity to store heat, this means that it will rapidly heat up once it comes into contact with the heated mould.
  • the invention takes the disadvantage of having a very low heat capacity and utilises this feature to develop a very effective thermoforming method for such materials.
  • thermoplastic material exhibits plastic deformation behaviour over a wide range of temperatures, preferably over a temperature range of at least 20° C., more preferably over a temperature range of at least 40° C.
  • thermoplastic material may be made from a wide variety of materials, however polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and poly lactic acid (PLA) are preferred. Poly lactic acid (PLA) is particularly preferred due to it exhibiting plastic deformation over a wide range of temperatures.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PLA poly lactic acid
  • the mould is preferably significantly hotter than the thermoplastic material.
  • the temperature difference between the mould and the thermoplastic material before coming into contact with the mould is greater than 40° C., preferably greater than 60° C., more preferably from 80° C. to 200° C.
  • the thermoplastic material is at room temperature prior to contact with the heated mould.
  • the thermoplastic material before coming into contact with the mould is at a temperature of from 15° C. to 35° C.
  • the material will be very thin.
  • the thermoplastic material has an average thickness of less than 0.5 mm, more preferably less than 0.20 mm, most preferably from 0.01 to 0.10 mm.
  • the thermoplastic material may be made from a variety of designs, but is preferably made from fibres of thermoplastic material, more particularly from woven thermoplastic fibres. Such fibres may have a diameter of less than 0.5 mm, preferably less than 0.25 mm, more preferably less than 0.10 mm, most preferably from 0.001 to 0.05 mm.
  • thermoforming is sufficient to allow the thermoplastic material to deform under thermoforming stresses. Therefore, the temperature of the mould is preferably at least 100° C., more preferably from 120° C. to 210° C. so that the resulting material can tolerate temperatures up to this level without shrinking back to its original sheet form.
  • thermoformed thermoplastic material is preferably gas and liquid permeable.
  • thermoformed thermoplastic material is permeable to aqueous liquids.
  • the process according to the present invention is capable of generating three-dimensional shapes which can then be used as infusion packet material.
  • shapes such as tetrahedral, hemispherical and the like are possible.
  • the process is generally followed by the step of depositing a particulate product, typically comprising infusible entities such as tea leaves, into the thermoformed thermoplastic material. This step is then typically followed by sealing the thermoformed material to produce a sealed porous infusion packet.
  • a particulate product typically comprising infusible entities such as tea leaves
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of thermoforming apparatus suitable for carrying out a process according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the same apparatus as shown in FIG. 1 during carrying out a process according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a woven sheet of 50 micrometres thick poly lactic acid 10 clamped in place by upper clamps 12 and lower clamps 14 .
  • the woven sheet 10 is at 20° C.
  • a male former 16 Positioned above the woven sheet is a male former 16 , at a temperature of 120° C.
  • the male former 16 moves downwards to come into contact with the woven sheet 10 .
  • the portion of the woven sheet 10 that come into contact with the male former 16 rapidly heat up to 120° C. due to its very low heat capacity.
  • the male former continues to move downwards, heating and thermoforming the woven sheet simultaneously, until the male former is in the position shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the male former retracts and the woven sheet rapidly cools and sets, again due to its very low heat capacity.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
US13/977,971 2011-01-13 2011-12-07 Process for thermoforming infusion packets Abandoned US20130277888A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11150813.1 2011-01-13
EP11150813 2011-01-13
PCT/EP2011/072030 WO2012095223A1 (en) 2011-01-13 2011-12-07 Process for thermoforming infusion packets

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2011/072030 A-371-Of-International WO2012095223A1 (en) 2011-01-13 2011-12-07 Process for thermoforming infusion packets

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US15/270,404 Division US10589884B2 (en) 2011-01-13 2016-09-20 Process and apparatus for producing packets

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20130277888A1 true US20130277888A1 (en) 2013-10-24

Family

ID=44146729

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/977,971 Abandoned US20130277888A1 (en) 2011-01-13 2011-12-07 Process for thermoforming infusion packets
US15/270,404 Expired - Fee Related US10589884B2 (en) 2011-01-13 2016-09-20 Process and apparatus for producing packets

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US15/270,404 Expired - Fee Related US10589884B2 (en) 2011-01-13 2016-09-20 Process and apparatus for producing packets

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (2) US20130277888A1 (pl)
EP (1) EP2663447B1 (pl)
JP (1) JP5944410B2 (pl)
CN (1) CN103313837B (pl)
EA (1) EA025853B1 (pl)
PL (1) PL2663447T3 (pl)
WO (1) WO2012095223A1 (pl)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140290184A1 (en) * 2011-12-05 2014-10-02 Tiremo Inc. Method for manufacturing stick-type tea bag

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140263033A1 (en) * 2013-03-13 2014-09-18 2266170 Ontario Inc. Process For Forming A Three-Dimensional Non-Woven Structure
DE102014203789A1 (de) * 2014-03-03 2015-09-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Thermoformen eines Filters, insbesondere für zumindest einen Becher umfassende Portionspackung
CN106166834A (zh) * 2016-06-14 2016-11-30 西安电子科技大学 星载静电成形薄膜天线反射面热成型的制备方法与装置
US11697898B2 (en) * 2017-03-10 2023-07-11 Biome Bioplastics Limited Fabric

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US5444113A (en) * 1988-08-08 1995-08-22 Ecopol, Llc End use applications of biodegradable polymers
US20080095959A1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2008-04-24 The Republic Of Tea Infusion package
US20120269933A1 (en) * 2009-10-21 2012-10-25 Gino Rapparini Filtering and permeable container for substances suitable for the preparation of beverages

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US3549381A (en) * 1967-12-26 1970-12-22 Hercules Inc Packaging material
US5444113A (en) * 1988-08-08 1995-08-22 Ecopol, Llc End use applications of biodegradable polymers
EP0631948A1 (en) * 1993-06-30 1995-01-04 Jacobs Suchard Ag Filterbag for espresso coffeemakers
US20080095959A1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2008-04-24 The Republic Of Tea Infusion package
US20120269933A1 (en) * 2009-10-21 2012-10-25 Gino Rapparini Filtering and permeable container for substances suitable for the preparation of beverages

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140290184A1 (en) * 2011-12-05 2014-10-02 Tiremo Inc. Method for manufacturing stick-type tea bag
US9555909B2 (en) * 2011-12-05 2017-01-31 Tiremo Inc. Method for manufacturing stick-type tea bag

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EA201391036A1 (ru) 2014-01-30
US20170008653A1 (en) 2017-01-12
PL2663447T3 (pl) 2015-10-30
JP2014503395A (ja) 2014-02-13
EP2663447B1 (en) 2015-05-06
CN103313837B (zh) 2015-11-25
CN103313837A (zh) 2013-09-18
WO2012095223A1 (en) 2012-07-19
EA025853B1 (ru) 2017-02-28
JP5944410B2 (ja) 2016-07-05
EP2663447A1 (en) 2013-11-20
US10589884B2 (en) 2020-03-17

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: CONOPCO INC., D/B/A UNILEVER, NEW JERSEY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:WOODWARD, ADRIAN MICHAEL;REEL/FRAME:030943/0675

Effective date: 20130620

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION