US20130104468A1 - Backfill structure and backfill construction method - Google Patents
Backfill structure and backfill construction method Download PDFInfo
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- US20130104468A1 US20130104468A1 US13/497,842 US201013497842A US2013104468A1 US 20130104468 A1 US20130104468 A1 US 20130104468A1 US 201013497842 A US201013497842 A US 201013497842A US 2013104468 A1 US2013104468 A1 US 2013104468A1
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- Prior art keywords
- backfill
- wall face
- sheet members
- lengths
- net
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/18—Making embankments, e.g. dikes, dams
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a backfill structure and a backfill construction method for, when constructing a base portion of a structure or an underground structure, preventing a surrounding soil foundation from collapsing.
- a base portion of a structure or an underground structure such as a basement
- it is a general construction method to first excavate a surrounding ground of the structure or the underground structure to secure a width required for the structure or the underground structure, provide a retaining wall, a base or the like on one side of slop faces, and perform backfill of an excavated soil on a back side of the retaining wall or the base, thereby constructing a backfill structure serving as a land retaining wall.
- FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a configuration of the conventional backfill structure and FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 10 .
- a wall face panel 101 is vertically provided on a boundary face of a backfill portion 6 via a runner 7 , and a wire for stay 103 pulled from a crossbar 102 fixedly provided on the wall face panel 101 on the opposite side (hereinafter, simply called “front face side”) to the ground of the wall face panel 101 via a through-hole (not shown) provided on the wall face panel 1 is fastened to a supporting picket 104 such as an anchor piled in a ground portion 5 , so that a soil pressure acting on the wall face panel 101 is supported by balance with a withdrawal resistance of the supporting picket 104 .
- a supporting picket 104 such as an anchor piled in a ground portion 5
- a pulling direction of the wire for stay 103 is not limited to one direction necessarily, but the wire for stay may be pulled in a direction in which the soil pressure and the withdrawal resistance are easily balanced with each other as a whole, in a plurality of directions, if necessary.
- FIGS. 12A , 12 B and 12 C are views showing construction steps of the conventional backfill structure.
- the wall face panel 101 is vertically provided in the backfill portion 6 formed by the excavating through the runner 7 .
- the wire for stay 103 which has been stretched through the through-hole provided in the wall face panel 101 is pulled out of the crossbar 102 fixedly provided on the front face side of the wall face panel 101 .
- the supporting picket 104 is piled in the ground portion 5 , and the wire for stay 103 is fastened to the supporting picket 104 .
- backfill soil is conveyed in to such an extent that the wire for stay 103 and the supporting picket 104 are buried to perform backfill.
- a surface compaction work is performed to the backfill soil so that the backfill soil is compacted.
- the work is repeated from a bottom portion of the wall face panel 101 toward an upper portion thereof, and the backfill is performed until it reaches approximately the same height as the wall face panel 101 , so that a backfill structure is constructed.
- the backfill structure thus constructed supports and stabilizes the wall face panel 101 by balance between the soil pressure of the backfill portion 6 and the withdrawal resistance of the supporting picket 104 .
- an optimal construction method for piling the supporting picket 104 in such a case varies according to soil quality of the ground or the soil foundation or the condition of a construction environment. Therefore, a stable withdrawal resistance is not always obtained necessarily, so that the number or the construction positions of supporting pickets 104 , the thickness of a reinforcing steel for stay or the number of twisted reinforcing steels, or the like must be changed according to the construction environment, especially, the construction position of the supporting picket easily deviates in the backfill soil portion after construction due to influence of fluctuation of the ground, rainwater, or the like, which results in such a problem that withdrawal resistance as intended cannot be obtained.
- voids in the backfill portion 6 can be eliminated so that the backfill portion 6 can be made further dense.
- the wire for stay 103 is eventually pulled within the backfill portion 6 in a direction of the wall face panel 101 or in a direction of the ground 5 according to the work. Therefore, since such an event occurs that the wall face panel 101 is inclined or the supporting picket 104 is pulled out of the ground portion 5 due to pulling of the wire for stay 103 , sufficient surface compaction work cannot be performed. Accordingly, a weak backfill structure is easily affected by fluctuation of the surrounding soil foundation or rainwater.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-371559
- Patent Document 1 requires preparation of a large-sized grating crib made of iron and is useful for a large-scale construction, but it is not intended to improve a soil foundation of a general construction site.
- the present invention has solved such a problem and an object thereof is to realize a backfill structure and a backfill construction method which are suitable for a relatively small-scale land improvement without causing such a problem that a retaining wall after construction is unstable.
- a backfill structure for constructing an underground structure by performing backfill of excavated soil, comprising: a plurality of wall face panels vertically provided at predetermined intervals on a slope of a ground portion; a plurality of sheet members attached along a height direction of the plurality of wall face panels; and coupling members for coupling the plurality of sheet members and the plurality of wall face panels, wherein backfill of the excavated soil is performed within the predetermined intervals, and the plurality of sheet members coupled to the plurality of wall face panels are laid and buried approximately in parallel with a ground face, respectively.
- the plurality of sheet members is formed in a mesh shape.
- the plurality of sheet members is made of steel, made of cloth, or made of resin.
- the plurality of sheet members has a length of about 1/3 or more of the lengths of the wall face panels 1 in a height direction thereof.
- a backfill construction method is a backfill construction method for constructing an underground structure by performing backfill of excavated soil comprising: an excavating step of excavating a ground face to be subjected to backfill; a panel-vertically-providing step of vertically providing a wall face panel on a front face of a ground portion; a step of attaching a plurality of sheet members to the wall face panel; a backfill step of performing backfill in a backfill portion positioned between the ground portion and the wall face panel up to laying levels of the plurality of sheet members; and a land-leveling step of leveling land after the backfill is repeated by the number of times corresponding to the number of the plurality of sheet members.
- a backfill construction method is a backfill construction method for constructing an underground structure by performing backfill of excavated soil comprising: an excavating step of excavating a ground face to be subjected to backfill; a panel-vertically providing step of vertically providing a wall face panel on a front face of a ground portion; a step of attaching a plurality of sheet members to the wall face panel; a backfill step of performing backfill in a backfill portion positioned between the ground portion and the wall face panel up to laying levels of the plurality of sheet members; a surface compaction step of, after the backfill is performed up to the laying levels of the plurality of sheet members, performing surface compaction to surfaces of the laying levels; and a land-leveling step of leveling land after the backfill step and the surface compaction step are repeatedly performed by the number of times corresponding to the number of the sheet members.
- the present invention is configured and performs treatment in the above manner, it is suitable in construction at a small-scaled ground and makes construction matching with a site situation possible, so that a backfill structure and a backfill construction method which can maintain a wall face panel forming a retaining wall stably for a long period after construction can be realized.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a configuration of an embodiment of a backfill structure of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 taken along line A-A;
- FIG. 3 is a detailed view of a coupling member used in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart diagram of a backfill construction method of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a backfill structure according to a second embodiment
- FIG. 6 is a detailed view of a coupling member used in the second embodiment
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a construction procedure of the backfill structure of the second embodiment
- FIGS. 8A to 8C are views showing a construction step of the backfill structure of the second embodiment
- FIGS. 9A to 9C are views showing a construction step of the backfill structure of the second embodiment
- FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a configuration of a conventional backfill structure
- FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 10 ;
- FIGS. 12A to 12C are views showing a construction step of the conventional backfill structure.
- FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 are views showing a backfill structure according to a first embodiment.
- reference numeral 1 denotes a wall face panel
- reference numeral 2 denotes a coupling member
- reference numeral 3 denotes a net-like sheet
- reference numeral 4 denotes a backfill soil body
- reference numeral 5 denotes a ground portion
- reference numeral 6 denotes a backfill portion
- reference numeral 21 denotes a JIS standard Number 3 washer
- reference numeral 22 denotes a slab ring
- reference numeral 23 denotes a nut
- reference numeral 24 denotes a crossbar
- reference numeral 31 denotes a wire for stay. Explanation is made in detail with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 .
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of a backfill structure according to the first embodiment.
- a plurality of wall face panels 1 is vertically provided on a front face of the ground portion 5 at predetermined intervals on a slope of the ground portion 5 , thereby configuring a front edge section of a backfill structure. Then, the net-like sheets 3 are buried between the front face of the ground portion 5 and the plurality of wall face panels 1 . The net-like sheet 3 is fastened to the coupling member 2 via the wire for stay 31 . One end of the coupling member 2 is inserted through a through-hole (not shown) provided in the wall face panel 1 and is connected with the wire for stay 31 .
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 1 .
- the wall face panel 1 is vertically provided on a runner 7 preliminarily installed on an excavated face.
- the net-like sheet 3 is laid on the lowermost portion of the wall face panel 1 so as to cover the ground face portion and is directly fixed to the wall face panel 1 by a screw 8 or the like in order to maintain stability of the wall face panel 1 .
- the net-like sheets 3 are fastened to the coupling members 2 via the respective wires for stay 31 at a plurality of sites of the wall face panel 1 in a height direction thereof except for the lowermost portion.
- the net-like sheets 3 are buried in the backfill portion 6 approximately in parallel with the ground face by the backfill soil 4 , respectively.
- FIG. 2 three net-like sheets 3 buried approximately in parallel with the ground face in a multi-layered manner are shown along the height direction.
- E-PANET registered trademark
- the net-like sheet 3 a steel-made or resin-made one can be used.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing details of the coupling member 2 used in the first embodiment.
- the coupling member 2 is composed of a combination of the JIS standard Number 3 washer 21 , the slab ring 22 , and the nut 23 .
- the slab ring 22 is inserted into the through-hole provided in the wall face panel 1 from the side of the ground portion 5 to extend through the JIS standard Number 3 washer 21 on the front face side of the wall face panel 1 , and the slab ring 22 is fastened to the JIS standard Number 3 washer 21 by the nut 23 .
- crossbars 24 (reinforcing steels with a diameter of 10 mm are used here) are inserted into clearances formed between curved faces of a bracket of the JIS standard Number 3 washer 21 and the front face side of the wall face panel 1 and fastened. By fastening the crossbars 24 , the wall face panel 1 is coupled to left and right wall face panels so that required strength can be obtained.
- the coupling member 2 in order to fasten the net-like sheet 3 to the wall face panel 1 , it is not required to use the coupling member 2 necessarily, but, for example, the net-like sheet 3 may be directly attached to the wall face panel 1 .
- the net-like sheets 3 are laid from each of three sets of wall face panels 1 approximately in parallel with the ground face and buried, but it is unnecessary to draw the net-like sheets 3 from all of the wall face panels 1 and if the wall face panels 1 are mutually coupled to one another, some of the net-like sheets can be omitted or some thereof may be replaced by fastening performed by supporting pickets shown in the conventional example.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a backfill construction method in the first embodiment. The backfill construction method in the first embodiment will be described along the flowchart.
- the backfill construction method of the present invention is a backfill construction method for constructing an underground structure in an excavated ground.
- Step S 1 excavating step
- a wall face panel 1 is vertically provided at a predetermined position on the excavated face excavated
- Step S 2 panel-vertically-providing step
- Step S 3 backfill step
- Step S 4 laying step
- Step S 5 whether or not laying of the net-like sheet 3 has been performed up to a predetermined height is determined (Step S 5 ), and when the laying does not reach the predetermined height, the backfill step of Step S 3 and the laying step of Step S 4 are repeated.
- Step S 6 land-leveling step
- the wall face panel 1 an example of a steel form panel has been shown in the above, but the wall face panel 1 is not limited to this example and a panel made of resin or made of wood can be used.
- the material of the net-like sheet 3 a net-like sheet made of steel, made of cloth, made of resin, or the like corresponding to the material of the wall face panel 1 can be used.
- the net-like sheet 3 is not required to have mesh necessarily if it is a sheet-like member which can receive soil pressure. Further, the sheet-like members of the kinds described above can be selectively used according to the content rate of clay or sand contained in the soil.
- installation intervals of a plurality of net-like sheets 3 installed in the height direction of the wall face panel 1 can be similarly adjusted according to the scale of a structure to be constructed.
- the net-like sheet 3 is installed on the lowermost portion of the backfill portion 6 in order to maintain stability of the wall face panel 1 , but, for example, when blinding concrete is cast on the lowermost portion of the backfill portion 6 , it is unnecessary to install the net-like sheet 3 .
- FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are views showing a backfill structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Incidentally, since same configurations as those of the first embodiment have been attached with same reference numerals, repetitive explanation thereof will be omitted.
- the backfill structure according to the second embodiment is for constructing an optimal backfill structure for a construction environment by changing the kind or the length of a net-like sheet drawn from a wall face panel.
- FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the backfill structure according to the second embodiment.
- the backfill structure is similar to the first embodiment regarding such a point that a plurality of wall face panels 1 are vertically provided on the front face of the ground portion 5 to configure a front edge section of the backfill structure, such a point that the wall face panels 1 are vertically provided on a runner 7 preliminarily installed on an excavated face, such a point that the net-like sheets 3 are drawn from the wall face panels 1 via the coupling members 20 in the direction of the backfill portion 5 , and such a point that the net-like sheets 3 are buried in the backfill portion 6 by the backfill soil 4 , respectively, and a plurality of layers are stacked in the backfill portion 6 by the number corresponding to the number of net-like sheets 3 .
- the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment regarding the length of the net-like sheet 3 to be drawn from the wall face panel 1 and a coupling method using a coupling member.
- the length of the net-like sheet 3 to be drawn is not drawn up to the slope unlike the first embodiment, and it is about 1/3 of the height of the wall face panel 1 to be vertically provided. Since the length of the net-like sheet 3 is changed according to the soil property of the surrounding soil foundation, the soil property of the backfill soil 4 , or the scale of the structure to be constructed, the length of the net-like sheet 3 is made adjustable. When the length is less than 1/3 of the height of the wall face panel 1 , the force directed toward the front face side of the wall face panel 1 and the force directed toward the slope which are generated by the soil pressure are unbalanced, so that the wall face panel 1 cannot be supported. Accordingly, it is desirable that the length of the net-like sheet 3 to be drawn is about 1/3 or more of the height of the wall face panel 1 .
- FIG. 6 is a view showing a coupling member 20 used in the backfill structure according to the second embodiment.
- the net-like sheet 3 is directly fixed to the wall face panel 1 via the coupling member 20 as it is.
- the coupling member 20 is a member which is formed in an approximately U shape and is elongated in a widthwise direction of the wall face panel 1 .
- the coupling member 20 By using the coupling member 20 with a simple shape in this manner, the net-like sheet 3 can be easily fixed regardless of the quality of material or the shape of the wall face panel 1
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a construction procedure of the backfill structure according to the second embodiment
- FIGS. 8A to 8C and FIGS. 9A to 9C are views showing a construction step of the backfill structure.
- the construction method of the backfill structure according to the second embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. 7 to FIGS. 9A to 9C .
- a predetermined piece of ground portion 5 is excavated in order to construct a backfill structure (Step S 10 in FIG. 7 ).
- a runner 7 is installed at a position where a width for forming a required backfill portion 6 has been secured from the slop 8 formed by the excavating step and wall face panels 1 are vertically provided on the runner 7 (Step S 11 in FIG. 7 ).
- one end of a net-like sheet 3 is fixed near the runner 7 or the lowermost portion of the wall face panel 1 and the net-like sheet 3 is laid.
- the net-like sheet 3 is laid on the backfill soil 4 so as to be approximately in parallel with the ground face. Further, as shown in FIG. 9A , the backfill soil 4 is conveyed in to such an extent that the net-like sheet 3 is buried and the backfill soil 4 is compacted by a surface compaction work (Step S 14 in FIG. 7 ). Then, as shown in FIGS. 9B and 9C , the conveying-in and the surface compaction work of the backfill soil 4 are repeated by the number of times corresponding to the number of net-like sheets 3 installed (Step S 15 in FIG. 7 ), and the uppermost backfill portion 6 is land-leveled (Step S 16 in FIG. 7 ), so that the backfill is completed.
- backfill soil 4 enters the mesh portions of the respective net-like sheets 3 so that frictional resistance between the net-like sheets 3 and the backfill soil 4 is improved.
- the soil pressures acting on the net-like sheets 3 and the backfill soil, and the frictional resistance exceed the soil pressure of the backfill soil 4 acting on the wall face panel 1 , so that support of the wall face panel 1 can be strengthened.
- the net-like sheets to be drawn from the wall face panel and the installation intervals thereof can be changed according to the height of the wall face panel, so that a cost can be suppressed.
- the coupling member has a simple shape and it can securely fix the net-like sheet to the wall face panel easily, so that construction is made possible without requiring a special technique. Furthermore, a construction schedule can also be shortened.
- the present invention is suitable for construction in a small-scale ground, makes construction matching a situation of a field site possible, and can maintain a wall face panel forming a retaining wall stable for a long period after the construction, it can be widely utilized in industrial field relating to construction and civil engineering.
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Abstract
An object of the invention is to realize a backfill structure suitable for relatively small-scaled land improvement without causing such a problem that a retaining wall after construction is unstable. A backfill structure for constructing an underground structure is composed of a plurality of wall face panels 1 vertically provided on a front face of a ground portion, coupling members 2 which are inserted through through-holes provided in the wall face panels to be fastened on the front face side of the wall face panels, net-like sheets 3 fastened with the other ends of the coupling members 2, and backfill soil body which is filled on the net-like sheets 3 to bury and fix the net-like sheets 3, where the backfill soil body is filled between the wall face panels 1, the back face side of the wall face panels, and the ground portion.
Description
- The present invention relates to a backfill structure and a backfill construction method for, when constructing a base portion of a structure or an underground structure, preventing a surrounding soil foundation from collapsing.
- When a base portion of a structure or an underground structure such as a basement is constructed, it is a general construction method to first excavate a surrounding ground of the structure or the underground structure to secure a width required for the structure or the underground structure, provide a retaining wall, a base or the like on one side of slop faces, and perform backfill of an excavated soil on a back side of the retaining wall or the base, thereby constructing a backfill structure serving as a land retaining wall.
- The conventional backfill structure and construction method will be described with reference to
FIG. 10 toFIG. 12 . -
FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a configuration of the conventional backfill structure andFIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line B-B inFIG. 10 . - As shown in
FIG. 10 andFIG. 11 , in the conventional backfill structure, awall face panel 101 is vertically provided on a boundary face of abackfill portion 6 via arunner 7, and a wire forstay 103 pulled from acrossbar 102 fixedly provided on thewall face panel 101 on the opposite side (hereinafter, simply called “front face side”) to the ground of thewall face panel 101 via a through-hole (not shown) provided on thewall face panel 1 is fastened to a supportingpicket 104 such as an anchor piled in aground portion 5, so that a soil pressure acting on thewall face panel 101 is supported by balance with a withdrawal resistance of the supportingpicket 104. - A pulling direction of the wire for
stay 103 is not limited to one direction necessarily, but the wire for stay may be pulled in a direction in which the soil pressure and the withdrawal resistance are easily balanced with each other as a whole, in a plurality of directions, if necessary. -
FIGS. 12A , 12B and 12C are views showing construction steps of the conventional backfill structure. - In the construction, first, as shown in
FIG. 12A , thewall face panel 101 is vertically provided in thebackfill portion 6 formed by the excavating through therunner 7. The wire forstay 103 which has been stretched through the through-hole provided in thewall face panel 101 is pulled out of thecrossbar 102 fixedly provided on the front face side of thewall face panel 101. Then, the supportingpicket 104 is piled in theground portion 5, and the wire forstay 103 is fastened to the supportingpicket 104. Then, backfill soil is conveyed in to such an extent that the wire forstay 103 and the supportingpicket 104 are buried to perform backfill. At this time, a surface compaction work is performed to the backfill soil so that the backfill soil is compacted. - As shown in
FIG. 12B andFIG. 12C , the work is repeated from a bottom portion of thewall face panel 101 toward an upper portion thereof, and the backfill is performed until it reaches approximately the same height as thewall face panel 101, so that a backfill structure is constructed. The backfill structure thus constructed supports and stabilizes thewall face panel 101 by balance between the soil pressure of thebackfill portion 6 and the withdrawal resistance of the supportingpicket 104. - Now, an optimal construction method for piling the supporting
picket 104 in such a case varies according to soil quality of the ground or the soil foundation or the condition of a construction environment. Therefore, a stable withdrawal resistance is not always obtained necessarily, so that the number or the construction positions of supportingpickets 104, the thickness of a reinforcing steel for stay or the number of twisted reinforcing steels, or the like must be changed according to the construction environment, especially, the construction position of the supporting picket easily deviates in the backfill soil portion after construction due to influence of fluctuation of the ground, rainwater, or the like, which results in such a problem that withdrawal resistance as intended cannot be obtained. - Further, by performing compaction by the surface compaction work, voids in the
backfill portion 6 can be eliminated so that thebackfill portion 6 can be made further dense. However, the wire forstay 103 is eventually pulled within thebackfill portion 6 in a direction of thewall face panel 101 or in a direction of theground 5 according to the work. Therefore, since such an event occurs that thewall face panel 101 is inclined or the supportingpicket 104 is pulled out of theground portion 5 due to pulling of the wire forstay 103, sufficient surface compaction work cannot be performed. Accordingly, a weak backfill structure is easily affected by fluctuation of the surrounding soil foundation or rainwater. - In order to solve such a problem, a lightweight fill structure where a grating crib is installed on a slope of the fill, a vegetation soil member and a fill body are provided inside the grating crib, and a net-like sheet burying and fixing the fill body is provided on a bottom portion of the grating crib has been reported (see Patent Literature 1).
- Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-371559
- As described above, in the backfill construction method using the conventional supporting pickets or anchors, such a case that withdrawal resistance as intended cannot be obtained occurs, and such a case that the retaining wall does not stabilize in such a manner that the retaining wall is pushed down by a side pressure of the backfill soil occurs.
- Further, the invention described in
Patent Document 1 requires preparation of a large-sized grating crib made of iron and is useful for a large-scale construction, but it is not intended to improve a soil foundation of a general construction site. - The present invention has solved such a problem and an object thereof is to realize a backfill structure and a backfill construction method which are suitable for a relatively small-scale land improvement without causing such a problem that a retaining wall after construction is unstable.
- In order to solve the above problem, a backfill structure according to the present invention is a backfill structure for constructing an underground structure by performing backfill of excavated soil, comprising: a plurality of wall face panels vertically provided at predetermined intervals on a slope of a ground portion; a plurality of sheet members attached along a height direction of the plurality of wall face panels; and coupling members for coupling the plurality of sheet members and the plurality of wall face panels, wherein backfill of the excavated soil is performed within the predetermined intervals, and the plurality of sheet members coupled to the plurality of wall face panels are laid and buried approximately in parallel with a ground face, respectively.
- Further, in the backfill structure according to the present invention, the plurality of sheet members is formed in a mesh shape.
- Further, in the backfill structure according to the present invention, the plurality of sheet members is made of steel, made of cloth, or made of resin.
- Further, in the backfill structure according to the present invention, the plurality of sheet members has a length of about 1/3 or more of the lengths of the
wall face panels 1 in a height direction thereof. - Further, a backfill construction method according to the present invention is a backfill construction method for constructing an underground structure by performing backfill of excavated soil comprising: an excavating step of excavating a ground face to be subjected to backfill; a panel-vertically-providing step of vertically providing a wall face panel on a front face of a ground portion; a step of attaching a plurality of sheet members to the wall face panel; a backfill step of performing backfill in a backfill portion positioned between the ground portion and the wall face panel up to laying levels of the plurality of sheet members; and a land-leveling step of leveling land after the backfill is repeated by the number of times corresponding to the number of the plurality of sheet members.
- Further, a backfill construction method according to the present invention is a backfill construction method for constructing an underground structure by performing backfill of excavated soil comprising: an excavating step of excavating a ground face to be subjected to backfill; a panel-vertically providing step of vertically providing a wall face panel on a front face of a ground portion; a step of attaching a plurality of sheet members to the wall face panel; a backfill step of performing backfill in a backfill portion positioned between the ground portion and the wall face panel up to laying levels of the plurality of sheet members; a surface compaction step of, after the backfill is performed up to the laying levels of the plurality of sheet members, performing surface compaction to surfaces of the laying levels; and a land-leveling step of leveling land after the backfill step and the surface compaction step are repeatedly performed by the number of times corresponding to the number of the sheet members.
- Since the present invention is configured and performs treatment in the above manner, it is suitable in construction at a small-scaled ground and makes construction matching with a site situation possible, so that a backfill structure and a backfill construction method which can maintain a wall face panel forming a retaining wall stably for a long period after construction can be realized.
-
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a configuration of an embodiment of a backfill structure of the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the embodiment shown inFIG. 1 taken along line A-A; -
FIG. 3 is a detailed view of a coupling member used in the embodiment shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 4 is a flowchart diagram of a backfill construction method of the present invention; -
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a backfill structure according to a second embodiment; -
FIG. 6 is a detailed view of a coupling member used in the second embodiment; -
FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a construction procedure of the backfill structure of the second embodiment; -
FIGS. 8A to 8C are views showing a construction step of the backfill structure of the second embodiment; -
FIGS. 9A to 9C are views showing a construction step of the backfill structure of the second embodiment; -
FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a configuration of a conventional backfill structure; -
FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line B-B inFIG. 10 ; and -
FIGS. 12A to 12C are views showing a construction step of the conventional backfill structure. - Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
-
FIG. 1 toFIG. 3 are views showing a backfill structure according to a first embodiment. - Incidentally, in
FIG. 1 toFIG. 3 ,reference numeral 1 denotes a wall face panel,reference numeral 2 denotes a coupling member,reference numeral 3 denotes a net-like sheet,reference numeral 4 denotes a backfill soil body,reference numeral 5 denotes a ground portion,reference numeral 6 denotes a backfill portion,reference numeral 21 denotes aJIS standard Number 3 washer, reference numeral 22 denotes a slab ring,reference numeral 23 denotes a nut,reference numeral 24 denotes a crossbar, andreference numeral 31 denotes a wire for stay. Explanation is made in detail with reference toFIG. 1 toFIG. 3 . -
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a backfill structure according to the first embodiment. - As shown in
FIG. 1 , a plurality ofwall face panels 1 is vertically provided on a front face of theground portion 5 at predetermined intervals on a slope of theground portion 5, thereby configuring a front edge section of a backfill structure. Then, the net-like sheets 3 are buried between the front face of theground portion 5 and the plurality ofwall face panels 1. The net-like sheet 3 is fastened to thecoupling member 2 via the wire forstay 31. One end of thecoupling member 2 is inserted through a through-hole (not shown) provided in thewall face panel 1 and is connected with the wire forstay 31. -
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A inFIG. 1 . - As shown in
FIG. 2 , thewall face panel 1 is vertically provided on arunner 7 preliminarily installed on an excavated face. The net-like sheet 3 is laid on the lowermost portion of thewall face panel 1 so as to cover the ground face portion and is directly fixed to thewall face panel 1 by ascrew 8 or the like in order to maintain stability of thewall face panel 1. - The net-
like sheets 3 are fastened to thecoupling members 2 via the respective wires forstay 31 at a plurality of sites of thewall face panel 1 in a height direction thereof except for the lowermost portion. The net-like sheets 3 are buried in thebackfill portion 6 approximately in parallel with the ground face by thebackfill soil 4, respectively. InFIG. 2 , three net-like sheets 3 buried approximately in parallel with the ground face in a multi-layered manner are shown along the height direction. - By adopting such a configuration, soil pressures of the
backfill soil 4 are imparted on the respective net-like sheets 3. By the soil pressures, the net-like sheets 3 can tether theground portion 5 by thebackfill portion 6 sufficiently even if supporting pickets are not piled unlike the conventional manner, and they can support thewall face panel 1 while being balanced with the soil pressure acting on thewall face panel 1. - Incidentally, as the
wall face panel 1 used here, a steel form “E-PANET” (registered trademark) which has been applied with high corrosion resistance plating or the like can be used, and as the net-like sheet 3, a steel-made or resin-made one can be used. -
FIG. 3 is a view showing details of thecoupling member 2 used in the first embodiment. - As shown in
FIG. 3 , thecoupling member 2 is composed of a combination of theJIS standard Number 3washer 21, the slab ring 22, and thenut 23. At the use time of thecoupling member 2, the slab ring 22 is inserted into the through-hole provided in thewall face panel 1 from the side of theground portion 5 to extend through theJIS standard Number 3washer 21 on the front face side of thewall face panel 1, and the slab ring 22 is fastened to theJIS standard Number 3washer 21 by thenut 23. Then, crossbars 24 (reinforcing steels with a diameter of 10 mm are used here) are inserted into clearances formed between curved faces of a bracket of theJIS standard Number 3washer 21 and the front face side of thewall face panel 1 and fastened. By fastening thecrossbars 24, thewall face panel 1 is coupled to left and right wall face panels so that required strength can be obtained. - Incidentally, in order to fasten the net-
like sheet 3 to thewall face panel 1, it is not required to use thecoupling member 2 necessarily, but, for example, the net-like sheet 3 may be directly attached to thewall face panel 1. - In
FIG. 1 , the net-like sheets 3 are laid from each of three sets ofwall face panels 1 approximately in parallel with the ground face and buried, but it is unnecessary to draw the net-like sheets 3 from all of thewall face panels 1 and if thewall face panels 1 are mutually coupled to one another, some of the net-like sheets can be omitted or some thereof may be replaced by fastening performed by supporting pickets shown in the conventional example. -
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a backfill construction method in the first embodiment. The backfill construction method in the first embodiment will be described along the flowchart. - The backfill construction method of the present invention is a backfill construction method for constructing an underground structure in an excavated ground.
- First of all, a predetermined piece of ground face is excavated (Step S1: excavating step). A
wall face panel 1 is vertically provided at a predetermined position on the excavated face excavated (Step S2: panel-vertically-providing step). - Next, a net-
like sheet 3 is fastened to the lowermost portion of thewall face panel 1 to be laid, and backfillsoil 4 is conveyed in to perform backfill (Step S3: backfill step). Next, a net-like sheet 3 is laid on a laying level face in a height direction of the wall face panel 1 (Step S4: laying step). Then, whether or not laying of the net-like sheet 3 has been performed up to a predetermined height is determined (Step S5), and when the laying does not reach the predetermined height, the backfill step of Step S3 and the laying step of Step S4 are repeated. - After the repetition, the
uppermost backfill portion 6 is subjected to land-leveling (Step S6: land-leveling step), so that backfill is completed. - By performing backfill in this manner, a plurality of layers composed of the
backfill soil 4 and the net-like sheets 3 are stacked in thebackfill portion 6 approximately in parallel with the ground face. Soil pressures of thebackfill soil 4 are applied to the respective net-like sheets 3, and by the soil pressures, the net-like sheets 3 can tether theground portion 5 by thebackfill portion 6 sufficiently even if the supporting pickets are not piled unlike the conventional manner, and they can support thewall face panel 1 while being balanced with the soil pressure acting on thewall face panel 1. - Incidentally, as the
wall face panel 1, an example of a steel form panel has been shown in the above, but thewall face panel 1 is not limited to this example and a panel made of resin or made of wood can be used. - As the material of the net-
like sheet 3, a net-like sheet made of steel, made of cloth, made of resin, or the like corresponding to the material of thewall face panel 1 can be used. The net-like sheet 3 is not required to have mesh necessarily if it is a sheet-like member which can receive soil pressure. Further, the sheet-like members of the kinds described above can be selectively used according to the content rate of clay or sand contained in the soil. - Further, installation intervals of a plurality of net-
like sheets 3 installed in the height direction of thewall face panel 1 can be similarly adjusted according to the scale of a structure to be constructed. - Furthermore, the net-
like sheet 3 is installed on the lowermost portion of thebackfill portion 6 in order to maintain stability of thewall face panel 1, but, for example, when blinding concrete is cast on the lowermost portion of thebackfill portion 6, it is unnecessary to install the net-like sheet 3. -
FIG. 5 andFIG. 6 are views showing a backfill structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Incidentally, since same configurations as those of the first embodiment have been attached with same reference numerals, repetitive explanation thereof will be omitted. - The backfill structure according to the second embodiment is for constructing an optimal backfill structure for a construction environment by changing the kind or the length of a net-like sheet drawn from a wall face panel.
-
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the backfill structure according to the second embodiment. - As shown in
FIG. 5 , the backfill structure is similar to the first embodiment regarding such a point that a plurality ofwall face panels 1 are vertically provided on the front face of theground portion 5 to configure a front edge section of the backfill structure, such a point that thewall face panels 1 are vertically provided on arunner 7 preliminarily installed on an excavated face, such a point that the net-like sheets 3 are drawn from thewall face panels 1 via thecoupling members 20 in the direction of thebackfill portion 5, and such a point that the net-like sheets 3 are buried in thebackfill portion 6 by thebackfill soil 4, respectively, and a plurality of layers are stacked in thebackfill portion 6 by the number corresponding to the number of net-like sheets 3. - The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment regarding the length of the net-
like sheet 3 to be drawn from thewall face panel 1 and a coupling method using a coupling member. - As shown in
FIG. 5 , the length of the net-like sheet 3 to be drawn is not drawn up to the slope unlike the first embodiment, and it is about 1/3 of the height of thewall face panel 1 to be vertically provided. Since the length of the net-like sheet 3 is changed according to the soil property of the surrounding soil foundation, the soil property of thebackfill soil 4, or the scale of the structure to be constructed, the length of the net-like sheet 3 is made adjustable. When the length is less than 1/3 of the height of thewall face panel 1, the force directed toward the front face side of thewall face panel 1 and the force directed toward the slope which are generated by the soil pressure are unbalanced, so that thewall face panel 1 cannot be supported. Accordingly, it is desirable that the length of the net-like sheet 3 to be drawn is about 1/3 or more of the height of thewall face panel 1. -
FIG. 6 is a view showing acoupling member 20 used in the backfill structure according to the second embodiment. - As shown in
FIG. 6 , unlike the first embodiment, the net-like sheet 3 is directly fixed to thewall face panel 1 via thecoupling member 20 as it is. Thecoupling member 20 is a member which is formed in an approximately U shape and is elongated in a widthwise direction of thewall face panel 1. When the net-like sheet 3 is fixed, one end of the net-like sheet 3 is sandwiched between the a back face of thecoupling member 20 and thewall face panel 1 and the net-like sheet 3 is fixed to thewall face panel 1 in the sandwiched state using ascrew 8. - By using the
coupling member 20 with a simple shape in this manner, the net-like sheet 3 can be easily fixed regardless of the quality of material or the shape of thewall face panel 1 -
FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a construction procedure of the backfill structure according to the second embodiment, andFIGS. 8A to 8C andFIGS. 9A to 9C are views showing a construction step of the backfill structure. The construction method of the backfill structure according to the second embodiment will be described below with reference toFIG. 7 toFIGS. 9A to 9C . - First of all, as shown in
FIG. 8A , a predetermined piece ofground portion 5 is excavated in order to construct a backfill structure (Step S10 inFIG. 7 ). Next, as shown inFIG. 8B , arunner 7 is installed at a position where a width for forming a requiredbackfill portion 6 has been secured from theslop 8 formed by the excavating step andwall face panels 1 are vertically provided on the runner 7 (Step S11 inFIG. 7 ). At this time, one end of a net-like sheet 3 is fixed near therunner 7 or the lowermost portion of thewall face panel 1 and the net-like sheet 3 is laid. Incidentally, when thewall face panel 1 is preliminarily vertically provided on blinding concrete or according to a construction environment, it is unnecessary to lay the net-like sheet 3 at the lowermost portion of thewall face panel 1. Next, backfillsoil 4 is conveyed in to perform backfill up to a laying level of the net-like sheet 3 in the wall face panel 1 (Step S12 inFIG. 7 ), and a net-like sheet 3 is installed at a predetermined position in the height direction of thewall face panel 1 vertically provided via the coupling member 20 (Step S13 inFIG. 7 ). - Next, the net-
like sheet 3 is laid on thebackfill soil 4 so as to be approximately in parallel with the ground face. Further, as shown inFIG. 9A , thebackfill soil 4 is conveyed in to such an extent that the net-like sheet 3 is buried and thebackfill soil 4 is compacted by a surface compaction work (Step S14 inFIG. 7 ). Then, as shown inFIGS. 9B and 9C , the conveying-in and the surface compaction work of thebackfill soil 4 are repeated by the number of times corresponding to the number of net-like sheets 3 installed (Step S15 inFIG. 7 ), and theuppermost backfill portion 6 is land-leveled (Step S16 inFIG. 7 ), so that the backfill is completed. - In the backfill structure constructed in this manner, since surface compaction is performed to the
backfill soil 4 at the positions where the net-like sheets 3 have been laid, backfillsoil 4 enters the mesh portions of the respective net-like sheets 3 so that frictional resistance between the net-like sheets 3 and thebackfill soil 4 is improved. Thereby, the soil pressures acting on the net-like sheets 3 and the backfill soil, and the frictional resistance exceed the soil pressure of thebackfill soil 4 acting on thewall face panel 1, so that support of thewall face panel 1 can be strengthened. - Further, since the lengths of the net-like sheets to be drawn from the wall face panel and the installation intervals thereof can be changed according to the height of the wall face panel, the net-like sheets can be used with the lengths or the number thereof matching the construction environment or the scale of the structure, so that a cost can be suppressed. Further, since the coupling member has a simple shape and it can securely fix the net-like sheet to the wall face panel easily, so that construction is made possible without requiring a special technique. Furthermore, a construction schedule can also be shortened.
- Incidentally, it goes without saying that the surface compaction work performed in the second embodiment may be performed in the first embodiment.
- The present invention is suitable for construction in a small-scale ground, makes construction matching a situation of a field site possible, and can maintain a wall face panel forming a retaining wall stable for a long period after the construction, it can be widely utilized in industrial field relating to construction and civil engineering.
-
- 1: wall face panel
- 2, 20: coupling member
- 3: net-like sheet
- 4: backfill soil
- 5: ground portion
- 6: backfill portion
- 7: runner
- 8: screw
- 21:
JIS standard Number 3 washer - 22: slab ring
- 23: nut
- 24: crossbar
- 31: wire for stay
Claims (10)
1. A backfill structure for constructing an underground structure by performing backfill of excavated soil, comprising:
a plurality of wall face panels vertically provided at predetermined intervals on a slope of a ground portion;
a plurality of sheet members attached along a height direction of the plurality of wall face panels; and
coupling members for coupling the plurality of sheet members and the plurality of wall face panels, wherein
backfill of the excavated soil is performed within the predetermined intervals, and the plurality of sheet members coupled to the plurality of wall face panels are laid and buried approximately in parallel with a ground face, respectively.
2. The backfill structure according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of sheet members are formed in a mesh shape.
3. The backfill structure according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of sheet members are made of steel, made of cloth, or made of resin.
4. The backfill structure according to claim 1 , wherein the lengths of the plurality of sheet members are set to the lengths of about 1/3 or more of the lengths of the wall face panels 1 in a height direction thereof.
5. A backfill construction method for constructing an underground structure by performing backfill of excavated soil comprising:
an excavating step of excavating a ground face to be subjected to backfill;
a panel-vertically-providing step of vertically providing a wall face panel on a front face of a ground portion;
a step of attaching a plurality of sheet members to the wall face panel;
a backfill step of performing backfill in a backfill portion positioned between the ground portion and the wall face panel up to laying levels of the plurality of sheet members; and
a land-leveling step of leveling land after the backfill is repeated by the number of times corresponding to the number of the plurality of sheet members.
6. A backfill construction method for constructing an underground structure by performing backfill of excavated soil comprising:
an excavating step of excavating a ground face to be subjected to backfill;
a panel-vertically providing step of vertically providing a wall face panel on a front face of a ground portion;
a step of attaching a plurality of sheet members to the wall face panel;
a backfill step of performing backfill in a backfill portion positioned between the ground portion and the wall face panel up to laying levels of the plurality of sheet members;
a surface compaction step of, after the backfill is performed up to the laying levels of the plurality of sheet members, performing surface compaction to surfaces of the laying levels; and
a land-leveling step of leveling land after the backfill step and the surface compaction step are repeatedly performed by the number of times corresponding to the number of the sheet members.
7. The backfill structure according to claim 2 , wherein the plurality of sheet members are made of steel, made of cloth, or made of resin.
8. The backfill structure according to claim 2 , wherein the lengths of the plurality of sheet members are set to the lengths of about 1/3 or more of the lengths of the wall face panels 1 in a height direction thereof.
9. The backfill structure according to claim 3 , wherein the lengths of the plurality of sheet members are set to the lengths of about 1/3 or more of the lengths of the wall face panels 1 in a height direction thereof.
10. The backfill structure according to claim 7 , wherein the lengths of the plurality of sheet members are set to the lengths of about 1/3 or more of the lengths of the wall face panels 1 in a height direction thereof.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2009-222776 | 2009-09-28 | ||
JP2009222776 | 2009-09-28 | ||
PCT/JP2010/065014 WO2011036991A1 (en) | 2009-09-28 | 2010-09-02 | Backfill structure and backfill method |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20130104468A1 true US20130104468A1 (en) | 2013-05-02 |
Family
ID=43795747
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US13/497,842 Abandoned US20130104468A1 (en) | 2009-09-28 | 2010-09-02 | Backfill structure and backfill construction method |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20130104468A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPWO2011036991A1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20120084716A (en) |
CN (1) | CN102575448A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011036991A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP5980579B2 (en) * | 2012-06-05 | 2016-08-31 | 国立研究開発法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構 | Construction method of embankment structure |
KR20230031606A (en) | 2021-08-27 | 2023-03-07 | 최봉진 | Bird prevention system using drive control device |
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JPS63241223A (en) * | 1987-03-26 | 1988-10-06 | Tomakomai Toubu Sekiyu Bichiku Kk | Sealing structure for bottom end part of structure |
JPS63241222A (en) * | 1987-03-26 | 1988-10-06 | Tomakomai Toubu Sekiyu Bichiku Kk | Sealing structure of bottom end part of structure |
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JPH089877B2 (en) * | 1993-12-15 | 1996-01-31 | 千葉窯業株式会社 | Underground water tank and its construction method |
JP3600991B2 (en) * | 1996-04-10 | 2004-12-15 | 清水建設株式会社 | Reinforcement embankment method using geotextile |
JP2001311172A (en) * | 2000-04-28 | 2001-11-09 | Kyosei Kiko Kk | Reinforced earth retaining wall constituted of mutually and complementarily combined thinnings and geogrid |
CN1421575A (en) * | 2002-12-27 | 2003-06-04 | 广东冠粤路桥有限公司 | Light filled structure and its construction process |
JP3853304B2 (en) * | 2003-05-09 | 2006-12-06 | 強化土エンジニヤリング株式会社 | Reinforced earth structure |
CN101311425A (en) * | 2007-05-25 | 2008-11-26 | 张喜焕 | Construction method for greening protecting embankment wall |
-
2010
- 2010-09-02 US US13/497,842 patent/US20130104468A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-09-02 JP JP2011532949A patent/JPWO2011036991A1/en active Pending
- 2010-09-02 WO PCT/JP2010/065014 patent/WO2011036991A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-09-02 CN CN2010800431144A patent/CN102575448A/en active Pending
- 2010-09-02 KR KR1020127006498A patent/KR20120084716A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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US2344749A (en) * | 1939-07-13 | 1944-03-21 | Frank W Stevens | Building wall construction |
US4578912A (en) * | 1983-06-30 | 1986-04-01 | Profoment Utvecklings Ab | Foundation for cellarless houses |
JPS63241223A (en) * | 1987-03-26 | 1988-10-06 | Tomakomai Toubu Sekiyu Bichiku Kk | Sealing structure for bottom end part of structure |
JPS63241222A (en) * | 1987-03-26 | 1988-10-06 | Tomakomai Toubu Sekiyu Bichiku Kk | Sealing structure of bottom end part of structure |
US4943185A (en) * | 1989-03-03 | 1990-07-24 | Mcguckin James P | Combined drainage and waterproofing panel system for subterranean walls |
US4956951A (en) * | 1989-06-26 | 1990-09-18 | Sealed Air Corporation | Laminated sheet for protecting underground vertical walls |
US5277003A (en) * | 1991-07-30 | 1994-01-11 | Myers Jeffrey J | Method and means for maintaining a dry and radon-free basement |
US5740638A (en) * | 1997-02-21 | 1998-04-21 | Shepherd Excavating, Inc. | Combination drainage system and radon gas venting system for a structure foundation |
US6477811B1 (en) * | 1998-08-11 | 2002-11-12 | Jung Woong Choi | Damp-proof basement and method of construction |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2011036991A1 (en) | 2011-03-31 |
CN102575448A (en) | 2012-07-11 |
JPWO2011036991A1 (en) | 2013-02-21 |
KR20120084716A (en) | 2012-07-30 |
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