US20130074790A1 - Electrohydraulic valve actuator with reciprocating cam - Google Patents

Electrohydraulic valve actuator with reciprocating cam Download PDF

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Publication number
US20130074790A1
US20130074790A1 US13/680,401 US201213680401A US2013074790A1 US 20130074790 A1 US20130074790 A1 US 20130074790A1 US 201213680401 A US201213680401 A US 201213680401A US 2013074790 A1 US2013074790 A1 US 2013074790A1
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Prior art keywords
valve
cylinder
cam
set forth
piston
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Abandoned
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US13/680,401
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English (en)
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Vianney Rabhi
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to US13/680,401 priority Critical patent/US20130074790A1/en
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    • F01L9/04—
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/044—Reciprocating cams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0063—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of cam contact point by displacing an intermediate lever or wedge-shaped intermediate element, e.g. Tourtelot
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/10—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0063—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of cam contact point by displacing an intermediate lever or wedge-shaped intermediate element, e.g. Tourtelot
    • F01L2013/0068—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of cam contact point by displacing an intermediate lever or wedge-shaped intermediate element, e.g. Tourtelot with an oscillating cam acting on the valve of the "BMW-Valvetronic" type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2820/00—Details on specific features characterising valve gear arrangements
    • F01L2820/03—Auxiliary actuators
    • F01L2820/033—Hydraulic engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
    • F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
    • F02D13/0253—Fully variable control of valve lift and timing using camless actuation systems such as hydraulic, pneumatic or electromagnetic actuators, e.g. solenoid valves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrohydraulic valve actuator having a cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engines.
  • phase shifting devices are generally hydroelectric, sometimes electric, and make it possible to vary the angular position of said shafts in relation to that of the crankshaft.
  • Camshaft phase shifters are industrialized and tend to be widely used, but they control neither the duration of opening nor the lift height of these valves. However, these phase shifters are associated more and more frequently with devices which render variable the lift height of these valves.
  • These devices are marketed under various brands and/or trade names. These are discrete valve lift height variators comprising at least two cam profiles and continuous lift variators.
  • variable valve lifting devices are used most frequently in intake valves and, in rare cases, in exhaust valves. These devices generally only fit out one of the engine's camshafts, i.e., either the intake valve or the exhaust valve, primarily for reasons relating to cost or clutter.
  • camless devices can implement any rule whatsoever pertaining to the opening, lifting and closing of the valves within the limits imposed by physics and geometry.
  • camless devices there are numerous camless devices in the prototype phase such as the “electromagnetic camless” from the Valeo company, the “Free Valve” from the Cargine company, the hydro-electric device developed by the American company Sturman in collaboration with the Siemens company, or “Active Valve Train (AVTTM)” from the Lotus company.
  • this actuator comprises:
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine according to the invention stands out from the valve drive devices known from the prior art in that it inherits advantages of the hydraulic valve actuator for internal combustion engine as described in international patent WO 2004/011780 belonging to the applicant while eliminating the drawbacks thereof and pushing aside the functional limits thereof by means of an embodiment and means used which are radically different.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises:
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder which rotates and a valve-actuating piston which is pallet-shaped, said piston separating at least one high-pressure chamber from at least one low-pressure chamber such that the pressure of the hydraulic fluid can rotate the piston, said piston being rotationally connected either directly or indirectly to the valve-opening cam.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a valve-actuating piston which can move in a cylinder and push on a valve-opening rack guided in a cylinder head contained in the internal combustion engine or the piston compressor, said rack cooperating with a pinion arranged on an axis of the valve-opening cam so as to rotate said cam when the piston moves in longitudinal translation.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a valve-opening rack that is guided in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine by at least one ball or roller bearing.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a valve-actuating piston which moves in a cylinder and pushes a valve-opening rod to one of the ends of which it is joined, said rod pushing, in turn, on a cam arm comprised directly or indirectly by the valve-opening cam to which the other end of the rod is also joined so as to rotate the cam when the piston moves in longitudinal translation.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a valve-opening rod which is hinged at at least one of its two ends by means of an open or closed ball-and-socket joint.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a hydraulic positive displacement pump comprising several compartments, each of which constitutes an autonomous pump comprising at least one inlet and at least one outlet connected to at least one valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder, said autonomous pumps being rotated by the same cam and being housed in the same casing.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a position sensor on the valve of the internal combustion engine.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a cam angular position sensor on the valve-opening cam.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a valve-opening cam which cooperates with a cam stop limiting the maximum angular position of the cam when the valve of the internal combustion engine actuated by said cam is closed.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a cam stop which is mounted on a shock absorber or which comprises a shock absorber limiting the acoustic emissions when said cam comes into contact with the cam stop.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a valve-opening cam which comprises two open or closed joints and a cam leverage contact surface, the first joint being fixed to the internal combustion engine whereas the second is connected to the valve-actuating piston either directly by means of a piston follower or indirectly by means of a push rod, said cam being able to roll and/or slide on a surface of a contact of a rocker switch arranged on a rocker switch breaker arm is hinged at one of its ends on at least one breaker arm anchorage fixed to the engine and equipped at its other end with at least one breaker arm follower which can push either directly or indirectly on a tail of at least one valve of the engine for opening said valve.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a ball-and-socket joint on at least one of the two open or closed joints.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a push rod which is hinged at each of its ends on a ball-and-socket joint, the first joint being arranged in or at the end of the valve-actuating piston whereas the second ball-and-socket joint is arranged in or on the valve-opening cam.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a valve-opening cam which comprises a cam leverage contact surface and is rotated by means of at least one rotation arm one of the ends of which is fixed to the axis of the cam whereas the other end thereof is hinged by means of a pivot joint or a ball-and-socket joint with the first end of an arm push rod, the second end of the rod being hinged by means of a pivot joint or a ball-and-socket joint with the valve-actuating piston and the cam being able to roll and/or slide on a rocker switch contact surface arranged on a rocker switch breaker arm hinged at one of its ends on at least one breaker arm anchorage fixed to the internal combustion engine and equipped at its other end with at least one breaker arm follower that can push directly or indirectly on a tail comprised by at least one valve of the engine for opening said valve.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a valve-actuating piston which moves in a cylinder equipped with an end-position shock-absorbing opening that is closed in whole or in part by said piston when the piston arrives near the position it is in when the valve of the internal combustion engine that it actuates is closed.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a valve-actuating piston which moves in a cylinder equipped with a piston end-position stop, the latter limiting the depth of insertion of the piston in the cylinder.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a low-pressure reservoir which is comprised of at least one compensating pressure accumulator that is kept under pressure by at least one replenishing pump which supplies the accumulator with hydraulic fluid by suctioning the fluid into at least one replenishing reservoir.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a valve-opening solenoid valve and/or valve-closing solenoid valve and/or pump outlet sealing solenoid valve which is a tube solenoid valve comprised of at least one rectilinear tube that can move in longitudinal translation in a valve casing comprising an upper chamber and a lower chamber, said rectilinear tube comprising a first end leading into the upper chamber and a second end leading into the lower chamber, said second end being able to come into contact with at least one sealing surface fixed to the valve casing so as to seal the second end as tightly as possible.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a tube solenoid valve comprising sealing means between the outer surface of the valve casing which isolates the upper chamber from the lower chamber.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a tube solenoid valve comprising at least one closing spring which tends to maintain the rectilinear tube in contact with the sealing surface.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a tube solenoid valve comprising at least one electrical actuator capable of applying a force opposite that produced by the closing spring, said force being sufficient to lift the rectilinear tube from the sealing surface when an electric current passes through said actuator.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a tube solenoid valve the electrical actuator of which is comprised of a coil of conductive wire which attracts a magnetic core or pallet when an electric current passes through said coil.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises an electrical actuator the magnetic coil or pallet of which is housed in the upper chamber.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises an electrical actuator whose coil of conductive wire is housed in the upper chamber.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises an electrical actuator whose coil of conductive wire is housed on the exterior of the upper chamber, the magnetic field generated by said coil when an electrical current passes through it passing through the external wall of said chamber so as to exert a force on the magnetic core or pallet.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a tube solenoid valve the first end of which rectilinear tube is fixed to the magnetic core or pallet.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a rectilinear tube the first end of which comprises at least one radial and/or axial opening leading into the upper chamber.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a rectilinear tube the second end of which has the shape of a truncated sphere and has a line of contact with the sealing surface similar to that made by a ball resting on a seat.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a sealing surface which is arranged on an independent floating mounted part in the valve casing, said part being able to align with the rectilinear tube when the second end of said tube comes into contact with said surface.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a valve casing comprising either directly or indirectly via an intermediate plug, a vent which is closed by the independent part on which the sealing surface is arranged.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a valve casing which is fixed to the internal combustion engine and which comprises inland/outlet openings and/or ducts connecting the upper chamber and/or lower chamber either to the valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder or to hydraulic positive displacement pump via the incoming high-pressure hydraulic circuit, the outgoing high-pressure circuit or the low-pressure hydraulic circuit.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a rectilinear tube whose section at the seal that said tube constitutes with the valve casing is slightly smaller than the section of said tube at the level of its contact with the sealing surface.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a tube solenoid valve whose sealing means are comprised of the external surface of the rectilinear tube which cooperates with the internal surface of the valve casing.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a tube solenoid valve provided with an adjustable or non-adjustable stop which is arranged on the rectilinear tube and which cooperates with an axial stop surface arranged directly or indirectly in the valve casing, said stop determining the maximum distance between said tube and the sealing surface with which it cooperates.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a valve casing which can house several tube solenoid valves.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a replenishing pump comprising a replenishing piston which can move in a back-and-forth motion in a blind-end cylinder arranged in a blind-end cylinder housing so as to define a variable volume on the interior of said cylinder, said piston also cooperating with a replenishing inlet valve and a replenishing outlet valve, whose respective outlet and inlet lead into said volume, said inlet valve letting in hydraulic fluid coming from the replenishing reservoir, whereas the outlet valve expels said fluid into the compensating pressure accumulator or into the replenishing pressure accumulator.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a replenishing pump whose replenishing piston is actuated in translation in a first direction by an electric solenoid actuator comprised primarily of a replenishing magnetic core, a coil of conductive wire, and a replenishing magnetic casing, and in a second direction by a return spring of the replenishing piston.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a replenishing pump whose blind-end cylinder is embodied in the same metallic part as the replenishing magnetic casing.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a replenishing pump whose blind-end cylinder comprises a jacket in which the replenishing piston moves.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a replenishing pump whose blind-end cylinder comprises an end-position delivery opening which connects said cylinder to the replenishing outlet valve such that the replenishing piston covers said opening at the end of the delivery stroke and is slowed and then stopped in its delivery stroke.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a replenishing pump whose maximum stroke is limited in the delivery direction by a delivery stop and/or in the suction direction by a suction stop.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises an electric solenoid valve actuator whose replenishing magnetic coil is traversed by the replenishing piston on which it is rigidly mounted, said piston traversing the replenishing magnetic casing from end to end in order to cooperate on one side of said casing with the blind-end cylinder and on the other side of said casing with the return spring of said piston.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a replenishing pump which comprises a replenishing tubular piston which can undergo back-and-forth movements in an open cylinder arranged in an open cylinder casing which is directly or indirectly integral with a pump casing such that said piston, said cylinder and said pump casing define together a variable volume on the interior of said cylinder, said replenishing tubular piston cooperating with a tubular piston inlet valve comprised of a ball and a spring, said ball resting on a seat arranged at the bottom and on the interior of said piston and an open cylinder outlet valve comprised of a ball and a spring, said ball resting on a seat arranged on the bottom and on the exterior of said cylinder, said inlet valve letting in hydraulic fluid coming from the replenishing reservoir, whereas the outlet valve expels said fluid into the compensating pressure accumulator or into the replenishing pressure accumulator.
  • a replenishing pump which comprises a replenishing tubular piston which can undergo back-and-forth movements in
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises an open cylinder casing which comprises a hydraulic fluid delivery duct connecting, either directly or indirectly, the tubular piston inlet valve to a pump inlet opening comprised by the pump casing.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a pump casing which comprises a hydraulic fluid outlet duct connecting, either directly or indirectly, the open cylinder outlet valve to a pump outlet opening comprised by the pump casing.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a replenishing tubular piston which is actuated in translation in a first direction by an electric solenoid valve actuator primarily comprised of a replenishing magnetic core fixed to the piston, a coil of conductive wire, and a replenishing magnetic casing, and in a second direction by a return spring of the replenishing tubular piston.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a replenishing magnetic core which is provided with at least one core channel connecting the hydraulic fluid delivery duct indirectly to the center of the replenishing tubular piston via the tubular piston inlet valve, said open cylinder casing, said core and said piston being commonly housed on the interior of a tight casing, whereas said casing delivers the hydraulic fluid from the duct to said channel.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a replenishing reservoir which is supplied with hydraulic fluid by the lubricating oil of the internal combustion engine.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a replenishing reservoir which contains a specific hydraulic fluid and is independent from the lubricating oil circuit of the internal combustion engine.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder comprising at least one drain which recovers the hydraulic fluid escaping from said cylinder, so that said fluid returns to the replenishing reservoir via at least one cylinder draining duct.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a hydraulic positive displacement pump comprising at least one drain which recovers the hydraulic fluid escaping from said pump, so that the fluid returns to the replenishing reservoir via at least one pump draining duct.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises one or more drain cocks placed on the hydraulic cylinder and/or on the hydraulic positive displacement pump and/or at any point in the incoming high-pressure hydraulic circuit and/or of the outgoing high-pressure hydraulic circuit and/or of the low-pressure hydraulic circuit.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a valve-opening cam which is a wedge-shaped slide that can be translated under the action of the valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder in a guide or a slide arranged in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine such that the wedge shape of said slide creates a local variation in thickness that makes it possible to lift the valve of the internal combustion engine from its seat or to deposit it therein.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a guide or slide comprising at least one roller on which the wedge-shaped slide rolls.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a wedge-shaped slide which cooperates with an rocker switch breaker arm hinged at one of its ends on at least one breaker arm anchorage fixed to the internal combustion engine and equipped at its other end with at least one breaker arm follower which can push directly or indirectly on the tail comprised by the valve of said engine for opening said valve.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a valve-opening cam which is comprised of a cam pin hinged at one of its ends on an axis and which comprises at its other end a tangential lifting surface, said surface having a shape which is such that it exerts a thrust with respect to said axis onto a rocker switch breaker arm with roller when the cam pin turns on said axis under the action of the valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder, and the breaker arm itself being hinged at one of its ends on at least one breaker arm anchorage fixed to the engine and being equipped at its other end with at least one breaker arm follower so as to enable it to push directly or indirectly on a tail comprised by the valve of said engine in order to open said valve.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a mechanical transmission connecting the cam pin to the valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder that is comprised of a push rod comprising at each of its two ends a pivoting and/or ball-and-socket joint, the first end resting on or in the valve-actuating piston, whereas the second end rests on the body of the cam pin.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a cam pin return spring which is comprised of at least one helicoidal spring which exerts a force opposite that of the valve-actuating piston and which tends to move the two pivoting and/or ball-and-socket joints from each other which are guided with respect to each other by at least one sliding connection, the first joint resting directly or indirectly on the internal combustion engine, whereas the second joint rests on the body of the cam pin.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a tangential lifting surface which ends at a stop that can come into contact with the roller rocker switch breaker arm so as to limit the angular movement of the cam pin.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises at least one replenishing pressure accumulator which is inserted between the replenishing pump and the compensating pressure accumulator.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a replenishing pressure accumulator the outlet of which comprises a lockout valve.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a replenishing pressure accumulator which is connected to the compensating pressure accumulator by a duct comprising at least one non-return valve, said valve permitting the hydraulic fluid to go from the replenishing pressure accumulator compensating pressure accumulator and not vice versa.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises a valve-opening high-pressure duct which comprises at least one pressure maintenance valve positioned at its end nearest the hydraulic positive displacement pump, said valve permitting the hydraulic fluid coming from said pump to penetrate into said duct but not to emerge from it.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam for internal combustion engine comprises at the outlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump a low-pressure reservoir non-return valve positioned between said outlet and the pump outlet sealing solenoid valve, said valve permitting the hydraulic fluid to go from the outlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump to said low-pressure reservoir, but not vice versa.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam according to the invention also comprises:
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam according to the present invention such as can be provided in order to actuate only one of the valves of a reciprocating internal combustion engine.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the actuator according to the invention such as can be provided in order to actuate the eight intake or exhaust valves of a reciprocating internal combustion engine with four cylinders and with four valves per cylinder, each group of two valves of the same cylinder being actuated by the same valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the actuator according to the invention such as can be provided in order to actuate the eight intake valves and the eight exhaust valves of a four-cylinder engine having four valves per cylinder, each group of two valves of the same cylinder being actuated by the same valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder.
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional schematic view of a sample installation on a reciprocating internal combustion engine of the actuator according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the hydraulic positive displacement pump of the actuator according to the present invention when, according to one specific embodiment, said pump is compartmentalized so as to constitute several autonomous pumps driven by the same shaft and housed in the same casing.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view of the valve-opening cam, of the valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder, and of the mechanical transmission between said cylinder and said cam of the actuator according to the present invention when, according to one specific embodiment, said transmission is a rack cooperating with a pinion fixed to the axis of said cam.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view of the valve-opening cam, of the valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder, and of the mechanical transmission between said cylinder and said cam of the actuator according to the present invention when, according to one specific embodiment, said transmission is a valve-opening rod hinged on one cam arm comprised by said cam.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view of the valve-opening cam, of the valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder, and of the mechanical transmission between said cylinder and said cam of the actuator according to the present invention when, according to one specific embodiment, said cam takes the form of a wedge-shaped slide which can translate between a roller slide and a roller-type breaker arm.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional view of the valve-opening cam according to the present invention when, according to one specific embodiment, it is actuated by a rotating hydraulic cylinder mounted directly on the axis of said cam, the mechanical transmission between said cylinder and said cam being comprised by said axis.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 are schematic sectional views of the open valve and closed valve, respectively, of the valve-opening cam, of the valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder, and of the mechanical transmission between said cylinder and said cam of the actuator according to the invention when, according to one specific embodiment, said cam comprises two open or closed joints and a cam leverage contact surface, and said cam cooperates with a rocker switch breaker arm.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic sectional view of a variant of the components of the actuator represented in FIGS. 10 and 11 which differs in that the valve-opening cam is rotated by means of a rotating arm one of the ends of which is fixed to the axis of said cam and which cooperates with an arm push rod, which transfers to it the force produced by the valve-actuating piston.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic sectional view of the valve-opening cam, of the valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder, and of the mechanical transmission between said cylinder and said cam of the actuator according to the present invention, said cam being comprised of a cam pin hinged at one of its ends on an axis, its other end comprising a tangential lifting surface cooperating with a roller-type rocker switch breaker arm.
  • FIGS. 14 and 15 are schematic sectional views of the valve-opening solenoid valve and/or the pump outlet sealing solenoid valve according to the present invention when it takes the form of a tube solenoid valve according to one specific embodiment, in closed position ( FIG. 14 ) and in open position ( FIG. 15 ), respectively.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic sectional view of the replenishing pump according to the present invention and according to one specific embodiment providing a blind-end cylinder.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic sectional view of the replenishing pump according to the present invention and according to a second specific embodiment providing a replenishing tubular piston.
  • FIGS. 18 to 20 are exploded three-dimensional views of the replenishing pump according to the present invention and according to the embodiment as shown in FIG. 17 .
  • FIG. 21 shows a schematic diagram of the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam according to the present invention such as can be provided in order to actuate only one of the valves of a reciprocating internal combustion engine, the pump inlet non-return valve being replaced by a pump inlet solenoid valve mounted parallel to a pump inlet pressure limiter.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 show an electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam 1 for internal combustion engine 100 .
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 comprises at least one valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder 2 comprising at least one valve-actuating piston 3 which opens at least one valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 or of a piston compressor when said hydraulic cylinder 2 connected by a valve-opening solenoid valve 4 to at least one incoming high-pressure hydraulic circuit 5 .
  • Said hydraulic cylinder 2 closes said valve 101 when it is connected by a valve-closing solenoid valve 6 to at least one outgoing high-pressure circuit 7 .
  • Said hydraulic cylinder 2 ensures that said valve 101 remains open when it is connected neither to the incoming high-pressure circuit 5 nor to the outgoing high-pressure circuit 7 .
  • the incoming high-pressure hydraulic circuits 5 and outgoing high-pressure hydraulic circuits 7 may comprise an inherently known flow divider in order to divide the flow to or from several valve-actuating hydraulic cylinders 2 .
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 comprises at least one hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 comprising, on the one hand, at least one outlet connected to a low-pressure hydraulic circuit 9 connected to at least one low-pressure reservoir 10 and, on the other hand, at least one inlet connected to said low-pressure hydraulic circuit 9 .
  • the low-pressure reservoir 10 is comprised of at least one compensating pressure accumulator 51 kept under pressure by at least one replenishing pump 52 which supplies said accumulator 51 with hydraulic fluid by suctioning said fluid into at least one replenishing reservoir 53 .
  • the compensating pressure accumulator 51 may be embodied with a membrane, a piston or be of any other type known to a person skilled in the art, and it can be housed in the casing 35 of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 and has, particularly, the function of limiting the effects of the compressibility of the hydraulic fluid on the functioning of the actuator 1 according to the invention on the one hand and of preventing any cavitation phenomena on the interior of said actuator on the other hand.
  • hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 rotates at a speed proportional to that of a crankshaft 102 comprised by the internal combustion engine 100 .
  • the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 can have a fixed cylinder or a variable cylinder, internal gears or external gears, piston(s), screw(s) or palette(s).
  • the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 can be fixed on the internal combustion engine 100 and can be driven by the crankshaft 102 of said engine by at least one pinion or at least one chain or by at least one belt or by means of a fixed-ratio or variable-ratio transmission.
  • the driving of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 by said crankshaft 102 can occur solely by mechanical means or electrically as well by means of an alternator which drives an electric motor driving said pump.
  • the electrical energy produced by said alternator can be stored previously in a battery or not, and the low-pressure hydraulic circuit 9 may comprise a pressure sensor which returns the value of the pressure prevailing in said circuit to an electronic control unit.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 comprises at least one valve-opening high-pressure duct 11 connecting the outlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 to the incoming high-pressure hydraulic circuit 5 of the valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder 2 .
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 comprises at least one valve-closing high-pressure duct 12 connecting the inlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 to the outgoing high-pressure hydraulic circuit 7 of the valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder 2 .
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 comprises at least one pump outlet sealing solenoid valve 13 which is capable of preventing the hydraulic fluid expelled at the outlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 from returning to the low-pressure hydraulic circuit 9 , so that said fluid is forced into the valve-opening high-pressure duct 11 .
  • a pressure limiter 144 can be mounted parallel to the pump outlet sealing solenoid valve 13 , said limiter permitting the hydraulic fluid to pass directly from the outlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 to the low-pressure reservoir 10 without passing through said solenoid valve when the pressure difference at the ends of said solenoid valve exceeds a certain value.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 comprises at least one pump inlet non-return valve 14 which prevents the hydraulic fluid coming from the valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder 2 via the valve-closing high-pressure duct 12 from returning directly to the low-pressure hydraulic circuit 9 , so that said fluid is forced to enter the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 .
  • Said non-return valve 14 permits said hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 to suction said fluid contained in the low-pressure hydraulic circuit 9 when the pressure of the latter is greater than the pressure prevailing in the valve-closing high-pressure duct 12 .
  • said non-return valve 14 can be comprised of a ball kept in its seat by a spring.
  • the pump inlet non-return valve 14 can be replaced by a pump inlet solenoid valve 142 which can then be mounted parallel to a pump inlet pressure limiter 143 which permits the hydraulic fluid to pass directly from the low-pressure reservoir 10 to the inlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 without passing through said solenoid valve 142 when the difference in pressure at the ends of said solenoid valve exceeds a certain value.
  • This configuration can advantageously cooperate with a non-return valve 145 of the valve-closing high-pressure duct 12 in order to enable the pressure prevailing in the low-pressure reservoir 10 to be greater than that necessary to completely close the valve 101 of the engine 100 , said configuration making it possible, in particular, to reduce the average difference in pressure applied to the ends of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 in order to improve the energy performance of the electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 .
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 comprises at least one valve-opening cam 15 connected, on the one hand, to the valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder 2 by a mechanical transmission 16 and, on the other hand, to the valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 either directly or via an intermediate transmission 17 .
  • Said valve-opening cam 15 moves in one direction during the opening operations of said valve 101 , then in the opposite direction during the closing operations of said valve 101 .
  • Said intermediate transmission 17 can be a tappet, a rocker arm or a roller-type breaker arm 18 known to a person skilled in the art, it being possible for the latter to optionally comprise an inherently known automatic device for compensating for the clearance between said cam 15 and said valve 101 .
  • Said valve-opening cam 15 is [sic] the movable parts with which it cooperates, said mechanical transmission 16 and said intermediate transmission 17 being embodied such that they are as light as possible.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 comprises at least one return spring 19 of the valve-opening cam 15 which tends to return said cam 15 to the position it is in when the valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 is closed.
  • said return spring 19 can be the spring 103 ensuring that said valve 101 returns to the closed position.
  • the valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 comprises a position sensor (not shown) which can be inductive, function using the Hall effect, or be any other type known to a person skilled in the art.
  • FIG. 9 shows a sample embodiment of the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam 1 according to the present invention.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 comprises a valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder 2 which rotates and a valve-actuating piston 3 have the shape of a pallet.
  • Said valve-actuating piston 3 separates at least one high-pressure chamber 20 from at least one low-pressure chamber 21 such that the pressure of the hydraulic fluid can rotate said piston 3 , the latter being rotationally connected either directly or indirectly to the valve-opening cam 15 .
  • FIG. 6 shows another sample embodiment of the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam 1 according to the present invention.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 comprises a valve-actuating piston 3 which can move in a cylinder 22 and push on a valve-opening rack 23 guided in a cylinder head 104 comprised by the internal combustion engine 100 or by the piston compressor.
  • Said valve-opening rack 23 cooperates with a pinion 24 arranged on an axis 25 of the valve-opening cam 15 so as to rotate said cam 15 when said piston 3 moves in longitudinal translation, said rack 23 and said pinion 24 constituting the mechanical transmission 16 .
  • the pinion 24 may be comprised of a toothed segment of a few degrees arranged directly on the perimeter of the valve-opening cam 15 .
  • the valve-opening rack 23 can be guided in the cylinder head 104 of the internal combustion engine 100 or by means of at least one ball or roller bearing 26 .
  • FIG. 7 shows another sample embodiment of the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam 1 according to the present invention.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 comprises a valve-actuating piston 3 which can move in a cylinder 22 and push a valve-opening rod 27 with one of the ends at which it is hinged.
  • valve-opening rod 27 pushes, in turn, on a cam arm 28 comprised directly or indirectly by the valve-opening cam 15 with which the other end of said rod 27 is also hinged so as to rotate said cam 15 when said valve-actuating piston 3 moves in longitudinal translation.
  • valve-opening rod 27 and the cam arm 28 constitute the mechanical transmission 16 of the electrohydraulic valve actuator 1 .
  • valve-opening rod 27 is hinged at at least one of its two ends by means of an open or closed ball-and-socket joint 29 .
  • the valve-opening cam 15 comprises a cam angular position sensor 30 which can be a coder or any other type of angular sensor known to a person skilled in the art ( FIGS. 6 , 7 , 9 and 12 ).
  • valve-opening cam 15 cooperates with a cam stop, not shown, which limits the maximum angular position of said cam 15 when the valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 actuated by said cam 15 is closed.
  • the cam stop is mounted on a shock absorber or comprises a shock absorber, thus limiting the acoustic emissions when said valve-opening cam 15 comes into contact with the cam stop.
  • FIG. 5 shows a sample embodiment of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 of the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam 1 according to the present invention.
  • the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 comprises several compartments 31 each of which constitutes an autonomous pump comprising at least one inlet 32 and at least one outlet 33 connected to at least one valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder 2 , said autonomous pumps being rotated by the same shaft 34 and being housed in the same casing 35 .
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 show another sample embodiment of the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam 1 according to the present invention.
  • the valve-opening cam 15 comprises two open or closed joints 36 , 37 and a cam leverage contact surface 38 .
  • the first joint 36 is fixed to the internal combustion engine 100 , whereas the second joint 37 is connected to the valve-actuating piston 3 either directly by a piston follower or indirectly by a push rod 40 .
  • the valve-opening cam 15 can roll and/or slide on a rocker switch contact surface 41 arranged on a rocker switch breaker arm 42 hinged at one of its ends on at least one breaker arm anchorage 43 fixed to said engine 100 and equipped at its other end with at least one breaker arm follower 44 which can push directly or indirectly on the tail 105 of at least one valve 101 of said engine 100 in order to open said valve.
  • the breaker arm anchorage 43 can be comprised of an inherently known hydraulic device for compensating for the play in said valve 101 .
  • valve-opening cam 15 the shape of the valve-opening cam 15 , the shape of the contact surface 41 arranged on the rocker switch breaker arm 42 , the positioning of the joint fixed to the internal combustion engine 100 of said cam 15 , and the positioning of the breaker arm anchorage 43 fixed to said engine 100 are determined so as to favor the largest rolling component possible and the smallest slide component possible at the point of contact between said cam 15 and said contact surface 41 when said valve 101 undergoes an opening or closing operation.
  • the valve-opening cam 15 comprises two joints 36 , 37 at least one of which of the two open or closed joints is a ball-and-socket joint 45 .
  • the push rod 40 is hinged at each of its ends by a ball-and-socket joint, the first ball-and-socket joint 46 being arranged in or at the end of the valve-actuating piston 3 , whereas the second ball-and-socket joint 47 is arranged in or on the valve-opening cam 15 .
  • FIG. 8 shows that the valve-opening cam 15 can be a wedge-shaped slide 90 which can translate under the action of the valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder 2 in a guide or a slide 91 arranged in the cylinder head 104 of the internal combustion engine 100 such that the shape of the wedge of said slide 90 creates a local variation in thickness which makes it possible to lift the valve 101 of the internal combustion engine from its seat or to deposit it therein.
  • the guide or slide 91 of the valve-opening cam 15 may be comprised of at least one roller 92 on which the wedge-shaped slide rolls.
  • the wedge-shaped slide 90 cooperates with a rocker switch breaker arm 18 hinged at one of its ends on at least one breaker arm anchorage 43 fixed to said engine 100 and equipped at its other end with at least one breaker arm follower 44 which can push directly or indirectly on the tail 105 comprised by a valve 101 of said engine 100 for opening said valve.
  • breaker arm anchorage 43 may be comprised of an inherently known hydraulic device for compensating for the play in said valve.
  • valve-opening cam 15 may be comprised of a cam pin 131 hinged at one of its ends on an axis 133 and comprising at its other end a tangential lifting surface 132 , said surface having a shape which is such that it pushes radially with respect to said axis 133 on a roller-type rocker switch breaker arm 18 when the cam pin 131 rotates on its axis 133 under the action of the valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder 2 .
  • the breaker arm 18 is itself hinged at one of its ends on at least one breaker arm anchorage 43 fixed to the engine 100 , while being equipped at its other end with at least one breaker arm follower 44 so as to be able to push directly or indirectly on the tail 105 comprised by the valve 101 of said engine in order to open said valve.
  • the mechanical transmission 1 connecting the cam pin 131 to the valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder 2 may be advantageously comprised of a push rod 40 comprising at each of its two ends 135 , 136 a pivoting and/or ball-and-socket joint, the first end 135 resting on or in the valve-actuating piston 3 , whereas the second end 136 rests on the body of the cam pin 131 .
  • the return spring 19 of the cam pin 13 may be comprised of at least one helicoidal spring 134 which exerts a force opposite that of the valve-actuating piston 3 and which tends to separate the two pivoting and/or ball-and-socket joints 138 , 139 from each other guided with respect to each other by at least one slide connection 137 , the first joint 138 resting directly or indirectly on the internal combustion engine 100 , whereas the second joint 139 rests on the body of the cam pin 131 .
  • the tangential lifting surface 132 may end at a stop 140 that can come into contact with the roller-type rocker switch breaker arm 18 so as to limit the angular movement of the cam pin 131 .
  • FIG. 12 shows another sample embodiment of the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam 1 according to the present invention.
  • the valve-opening cam 15 comprises a cam leverage contact surface 38 .
  • valve-opening cam 15 is rotated by at least one rotating arm 48 one of the ends of which is fixed to the axis 25 of said cam 15 , whereas its other end is hinged by means of a pivot or ball-and-socket joint 49 with the first end of an arm push rod 40 .
  • the second end of said rod 40 is hinged by means of a pivot or ball-and-socket joint 47 with the valve-actuating piston 3 .
  • the valve-opening cam 15 can roll and/or slide on a rocker switch contact surface 41 arranged on a rocker switch breaker arm 42 hinged at one of its ends on at least one breaker arm anchorage 43 fixed to the internal combustion engine 100 and equipped at its other end with at least one breaker arm follower 44 which can push directly or indirectly on a tail 105 comprised by at least one valve 101 of said engine 100 in order to open said valve 101 .
  • the axis 25 of the valve-opening cam 15 , the cam leverage contact surface 38 , the rocker switch contact surface 41 , and the positioning of the breaker arm anchorage 43 and of the breaker arm follower 44 are provided so as to offer to the valve-actuating piston 3 a large lifting arm for opening the valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 when said valve 101 is closed, said lifting arm then becoming weaker and weaker as the lift height of said valve 101 becomes greater.
  • the rotating arm 48 can rotate several valve-opening cams 15 .
  • breaker arm anchorage 43 may be comprised of an inherently known hydraulic device for compensating for the play in said valve.
  • valve-opening cam 15 the shape of the valve-opening cam 15 , the shape of the contact surface arranged on the rocker switch breaker arm 42 , the positioning of the joint fixed to the internal combustion engine of said cam, and the positioning of the rocker switch anchorage fixed to said engine are determined so as to favor the largest rolling component possible and the smallest sliding component possible at the point of contact between said cam and said surface when said valve undergoes an opening or closing operation.
  • the valve-actuating piston 3 moves in a cylinder 22 equipped with a shock-absorbing opening at the end of the piston stroke 50 .
  • the shock-absorbing opening 50 is sealed in whole or in part by said piston 3 when said piston 3 arrives near the position it is in when the valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 that it actuates is closed.
  • Said shock-absorbing opening 50 slows said piston 3 by progressively reducing the section through which the hydraulic fluid passes which is expelled out of said hydraulic cylinder 2 upon the closing of said valve 101 .
  • valve-actuating piston 3 moves in a cylinder 22 equipped with a piston end-position stop, said stop limiting the depth to which said piston 3 is introduced into said cylinder 22 .
  • FIGS. 14 and 15 show a sample embodiment of the valve-opening solenoid valve 4 and/or valve-closing solenoid valve 6 and/or pump outlet sealing solenoid valve 13 of the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam 1 according to the present invention.
  • the valve-opening solenoid valve 4 and/or the valve-closing solenoid valve 6 and/or the pump outlet sealing solenoid valve 13 is a tube solenoid valve 60 comprised of at least one rectilinear tube 61 that can move in longitudinal translation in a valve casing 62 comprising an upper chamber 63 and a lower chamber 64 .
  • the rectilinear tube 61 comprises a first end 65 leading into the upper chamber 63 and a second end 66 leading into the lower chamber 64 .
  • the second end 66 of the rectilinear tube 61 can come into contact with at least one sealing surface 67 fixed to said valve casing 62 so as to seal said second end in as tight as manner as possible.
  • the tube solenoid valve 60 comprises sealing means 68 between the external surface of the rectilinear tube 61 and the valve casing 62 which isolate the upper chamber 63 from the lower chamber 64 .
  • the tube solenoid valve 60 comprising at least one closing spring 69 which tends to maintain the rectilinear tube 61 in contact with the sealing surface 67 .
  • the tube solenoid valve 60 comprises at least one electrical actuator 70 capable of applying to the rectilinear tube 61 a force opposite that produced by the closing spring 69 , said force being sufficient to lift the rectilinear tube 61 from the sealing surface 67 when an electric current passes through said actuator.
  • the electrical actuator 70 is comprised of a coil of conductive wire 71 which attracts a conductive core or pallet 72 when an electric current passes through said coil 71 .
  • the conductive core or pallet 72 of the electrical actuator 70 can be housed in the upper chamber 63 of the valve casing 62 .
  • the coil of conductive wire 71 of the electrical actuator 70 can be housed in the upper chamber 63 of the valve casing 62 .
  • the coil of conductive wire 71 of the electrical actuator 70 can be housed on the exterior of the upper chamber 63 , the magnetic field generated by said coil 71 when electric current passes through it passing through the external wall of said chamber 63 so as to exert a force on the conductive core or pallet 72 .
  • the first end 65 of the rectilinear tube 61 can be fixed to the conductive core or pallet 72 .
  • the conductive core or pallet 72 can be embodied in the same metallic part as the rectilinear tube 61 , or it can be fixed to said core by gluing, screwing, crimping, or by any other means known to a person skilled in the art.
  • the first end 65 of the rectilinear tube 61 comprises at least one radial and/or axial opening 88 leading into the upper chamber 63 .
  • the second end 66 of the rectilinear tube 61 has the shape of a truncated sphere and has a line of contact with the sealing surface 67 similar to that made by a ball resting on a seat.
  • the sealing surface 67 is arranged on a mounted floating independent part 73 in the valve casing 62 , said part 73 being able to align with the rectilinear tube 61 when the second end 66 of said tube comes into contact with said sealing surface 67 .
  • the valve casing 62 comprises directly, or indirectly via an intermediate plug 74 , a vent 75 which is closed by the independent part 73 on which the sealing surface is arranged the sealing surface 67 such that the force applied by the closing spring 69 via the rectilinear tube 61 to said independent part 73 and/or the force resulting from the pressure prevailing in the upper chamber 63 and/or the lower chamber 64 maintains said part 73 under pressure on said vent 75 in order to keep it closed.
  • the contact surface between said independent part 73 and said valve casing 62 can be provided with a joint or with a stop which increases the contact pressure locally so as to improve the tightness between said part 73 and said casing 62 .
  • the valve casing 62 is fixed to the internal combustion engine 100 and comprises inlet/outlet openings and/or ducts 89 connecting the upper chamber 63 and/or the lower chamber 64 either to the valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder 2 or to the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 via the incoming high-pressure hydraulic circuit 5 , the outgoing high-pressure circuit 7 or the low-pressure hydraulic circuit 9 .
  • the section of the rectilinear tube 61 at the seal which said tube constitutes with the valve casing 62 is slightly smaller than the section of said tube at its contact with the sealing surface 67 .
  • the sealing means 68 are comprised by the external surface of the rectilinear tube 61 which cooperates with the internal surface of the valve casing 62 .
  • the sealing means 68 can also be comprised by the external surface of the rectilinear tube 61 which cooperates with the internal surface of the valve casing 62 in which can be housed at least one annular joint and/or at least one segment which can be advantageously replaced by a small clearance of a few microns left between the external surface of the rectilinear tube 61 and the internal surface of the valve casing 62 .
  • valve casing 62 can house several tube solenoid valves 60 such as those described previously.
  • FIG. 16 shows a sample embodiment of the replenishing pump 52 of the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam 1 according to the present invention.
  • the replenishing pump 52 comprises a replenishing piston 54 which can move back and forth in a blind-end cylinder 55 arranged in a blind-end cylinder casing 56 so as to define a variable volume on the interior of said cylinder.
  • Le replenishing piston 54 cooperates with a replenishing inlet valve 57 and a replenishing outlet valve 58 whose respective outlet and inlet lead into said volume, said inlet valve 57 letting in hydraulic fluid coming from the replenishing reservoir 53 , whereas the outlet valve 58 expels said fluid into the compensating pressure accumulator 51 or into the replenishing pressure accumulator 85 .
  • the replenishing piston 54 is actuated translationally in a first direction by an electrical solenoid actuator 80 primarily comprised of a replenishing magnetic core 81 , a coil of conductive wire 82 , and a replenishing magnetic casing 83 , and in a second direction by a spring 84 enabling said replenishing piston 54 to return.
  • an electrical solenoid actuator 80 primarily comprised of a replenishing magnetic core 81 , a coil of conductive wire 82 , and a replenishing magnetic casing 83 , and in a second direction by a spring 84 enabling said replenishing piston 54 to return.
  • the blind-end cylinder casing 56 is embodied in the same part as the replenishing magnetic casing 83 of the electrical solenoid actuator 80 .
  • the blind-end cylinder casing 56 comprises a jacket 59 in which the replenishing piston 54 of the replenishing pump 52 moves.
  • the blind-end cylinder 55 comprises an end-position delivery opening 76 which connects said cylinder to the replenishing outlet valve 58 such that the replenishing piston 54 covers said opening at the end of the delivery stroke and is slowed and then stopped in its delivery stroke.
  • the maximum stroke of the replenishing piston 54 is limited in the delivery direction by a delivery stop 77 and/or in the suction direction by a suction stop 78 .
  • the delivery stops 77 and suction stops 78 may be comprised of at least one piece of elastic material providing shock-absorbing properties.
  • the replenishing magnetic core 81 is traversed by the replenishing piston 54 on which it is rigidly mounted.
  • the replenishing piston 54 passes through the replenishing magnetic casing 83 from end to end in order to cooperate on one side of said casing with the blind-end cylinder 55 and on the other side of said casing with the return spring 84 of said replenishing piston 54 .
  • the replenishing piston 54 can be fixed to the replenishing core 81 .
  • said replenishing core 81 comprises means of connection to the return spring 84 , the latter being fixed indirectly to said replenishing piston 54 so as to return both said core and said spring.
  • the replenishing pump 52 may comprise a replenishing tube piston 107 which can move back and forth in an open cylinder 108 arranged in an open casing 109 which is directly or indirectly integral with a pump casing 126 .
  • said piston 107 , said cylinder 108 and said pump casing 126 define together a variable volume 110 on the interior of said cylinder 108 , said replenishing tube piston 107 cooperating with a tube piston inlet valve 111 comprised by a ball 113 and a spring 114 , said ball resting on a seat 115 arranged at the bottom and on the interior of said piston 107 and an open cylinder outlet valve 112 comprised by a ball 116 and a spring 117 , said ball resting on a seat 118 arranged at the bottom and on the exterior of said cylinder 109 .
  • said inlet valve 111 lets in hydraulic fluid coming from the replenishing reservoir 53 , whereas the outlet valve 112 expels said fluid into the compensating pressure accumulator 51 or into the replenishing pressure accumulator 85 .
  • the open cylinder casing 109 may comprise a hydraulic fluid delivery duct 124 which directly or indirectly connects the tube piston inlet valve 111 to a pump inlet opening 125 comprised by the pump casing 126 .
  • the pump casing 126 comprises a hydraulic fluid outlet duct 127 directly or indirectly connecting the open cylinder outlet valve 112 to a pump outlet opening 128 comprised by the pump casing 126 .
  • the replenishing tube piston 107 may be actuated translationally in a first direction by an electrical solenoid actuator 119 primarily comprised by a replenishing magnetic core 120 fixed to said piston 107 , a coil of conductive wire 121 , and a replenishing magnetic casing 122 , and in a second direction by a return spring 123 of the replenishing tube piston 107 .
  • the replenishing magnetic core 120 may be provided with at least one core channel 129 indirectly connecting the hydraulic fluid delivery duct 124 to the center of the replenishing tube piston 107 via the tube piston inlet valve 111 , the open cylinder casing 109 , said core 120 and said piston 111 being commonly housed on the interior of a watertight casing 130 , whereas said casing 130 delivers the hydraulic fluid from the duct 124 to the channel 129 .
  • the replenishing reservoir 53 is supplied with hydraulic fluid by the lubricant oil circuit of the internal combustion engine 100 .
  • the replenishing reservoir 53 contains a specific hydraulic fluid and is independent of the lubricant oil circuit of the internal combustion engine 100 .
  • Said hydraulic fluid can be specially formulated so that the performance, the precision and the durability of the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam 1 according to the invention are maximized, particularly thanks to a low viscosity of said fluid regardless of the operating temperature of the thermal engine, to low compressibility, to good lubricating and anti-wear characteristics, or to the absence of abrasive particles and corrosive or oxidizing agents.
  • valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder 2 may comprise at least one drain, not shown, which recovers the hydraulic fluid emerging from said cylinder, so that said fluid returns to the replenishing reservoir 53 via at least one cylinder drainage duct.
  • the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 may comprise at least one drain, not shown, which recovers the hydraulic fluid emerging from said pump, so that said fluid returns to the replenishing reservoir 53 via at least one cylinder drainage duct.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam 1 may comprise one or more drain cocks placed on the hydraulic cylinder 2 and/or on the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 and/or at any point on the incoming high-pressure hydraulic circuit 5 and/or of the outgoing high-pressure hydraulic circuit 7 and/or of the low-pressure hydraulic circuit 9 .
  • Said drain cock(s), not shown, may be of a type analogous to those commonly used by those skilled in the art in any hydraulic application.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam 1 may comprise at least one replenishing pressure accumulator 85 which is inserted between the replenishing pump 52 and the compensating pressure accumulator 51 .
  • the replenishing pressure accumulator 85 may supply several compensating pressure accumulators 51 which respectively supply several independent valve actuator circuits as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 .
  • the replenishing pressure accumulator 85 supplies said compensating pressure accumulators 51 when the pressure in said circuits goes beyond a certain value.
  • the replenishing pressure accumulator 85 may be embodied with a membrane, a piston or be of any other type known to a person skilled in the art.
  • the outlet of the replenishing pressure accumulator 85 comprises a lockout valve ensuring that the pressure is maintained in said accumulator when the internal combustion engine 100 is stopped.
  • the replenishing pressure accumulator 85 is connected to the compensating pressure accumulator 51 by a duct comprising at least one non-return valve 86 , said valve permitting the hydraulic fluid to go from the replenishing accumulator 85 to the compensating pressure accumulator 51 , and not vice versa.
  • the valve-opening high-pressure duct 11 comprises at least one pressure maintenance valve 87 positioned at its end nearest the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 .
  • the pressure maintenance valve 87 permits the hydraulic fluid coming from said hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 to penetrate into said duct but not to emerge from it.
  • the pressure maintenance valve 87 makes it possible to prevent the depressurization of said circuit between two valve lifts 101 in order to limit the acoustic emissions and to increase the performance of the actuator according to the invention.
  • the outlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 comprises a low-pressure reservoir 10 non-return valve 141 positioned between said outlet and the pump outlet sealing solenoid valve 13 , said valve 141 permitting the hydraulic fluid to go from the outlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 to said low-pressure reservoir 10 , but not vice versa.
  • the electrohydraulic valve actuator with cylinder and reciprocating cam 1 may comprise at least one hydraulic circuit pressure limiter 146 placed at any point of the low-pressure hydraulic circuit 9 and/or of the valve-opening high-pressure duct 11 and/or of the valve-closing high-pressure duct 12 , said limiter 146 permitting the hydraulic fluid contained in said circuit 9 and/or said ducts 11 , 12 to return directly to the replenishing reservoir 53 when the pressure prevailing in said circuit 9 and/or said conduits 11 , 12 exceeds a certain value.
  • FIG. 1 which shows a schematic diagram of a variant of the invention provided in order to control only one valve 101
  • FIG. 12 which proposes a specific embodiment thereof
  • the actuator according to the invention operates functionally as follows:
  • the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 is constantly driven by the crankshaft 102 of the internal combustion engine 100 .
  • valve-opening solenoid valve 4 and the valve-closing solenoid valve 6 are closed, whereas the pump outlet sealing solenoid valve 13 is open and allows the hydraulic fluid expelled at the outlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 to go toward the low-pressure hydraulic circuit 9 , the latter feeding hydraulic fluid back to the inlet of said pump 8 at the same rate, via the pump inlet non-return valve 14 . Since the differential pressure between the inlet and the outlet of said pump is low, the latter consumes little energy.
  • the pump outlet sealing solenoid valve 13 closes and prevents the hydraulic fluid expelled at the outlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 from returning to the low-pressure hydraulic circuit 9 , so that said fluid is naturally forced into the valve-opening high-pressure duct 11 .
  • the pressure at the outlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 increases rapidly and reaches that which was previously stored in the valve-opening high-pressure duct 11 by the pressure maintenance valve 87 .
  • the valve-opening solenoid valve 4 opens, so that the hydraulic fluid penetrates into the valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder 2 and pushes on the valve-actuating piston 3 .
  • valve-actuating piston 3 pushes on the arm push rod 40 , which pushes the rotating arm 48 , which rotates the valve-opening cam 15 on its axis 25 .
  • the rotation of said cam 15 results in the cam leverage contact surface 38 arranged on said cam 15 exerting pressure on the rocker switch contact surface 41 arranged on the rocker switch breaker arm 42 .
  • This causes said breaker arm 42 to topple over which, upon resting on its breaker arm anchorage 43 fixed to the internal combustion engine 100 , pushes on the tail 105 of the valve 101 of said engine via its breaker arm follower 44 , which results in the opening of said valve 101 .
  • the axis 25 of the valve-opening cam 15 , the cam leverage contact surface 38 , the rocker switch contact surface 41 , and the positioning of the breaker arm anchorage 43 and of the breaker arm follower 44 are provided such that they offer to the valve-actuating piston 3 a large leverage arm for opening the valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 when the valve 101 is closed, said leverage arm then becoming weaker and weaker as the lift height of said valve 101 becomes greater.
  • This configuration enables the progressive acceleration of said valve 101 as well as the possible decompression of the combustion chamber 106 comprised by the internal combustion engine 100 , so that the pressure in said cylinder 2 , in the incoming high-pressure hydraulic circuit 5 , and in the valve-opening high-pressure duct 11 increases progressively without the risk of water hammer or of excitation during the compression and/or decompression of the hydraulic fluid resulting in an instability of the angular position of the valve-opening cam 15 and of the longitudinal position of the valve 101 of said engine.
  • the lift height of the valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 can be deduced from the angular position of the valve-opening cam 15 that is measured by the cam angular position sensor 30 .
  • the measured value is returned to the electronic control unit of the internal combustion engine 100 .
  • said electronic control unit opens the pump outlet sealing solenoid valve 13 , which stops the opening of said valve 101 since the hydraulic fluid expelled at the outlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 is no longer forced into the valve-opening high-pressure duct 11 and therefore naturally flows toward the low-pressure hydraulic circuit 9 .
  • valve-opening solenoid valve 4 closes, one effect of which is to stabilize the valve 101 in its set position, and another effect of which is to trap a certain quantity of hydraulic fluid under pressure in the valve-opening high-pressure duct 11 and in the incoming high-pressure hydraulic circuit 5 , the pressure maintenance valve 87 preventing said fluid from returning toward the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 .
  • the trapping of said fluid in said ducts by said valve can advantageously lead to decreased acoustic emissions and/or to improved performance of the actuator according to the invention, particularly by reducing the volume of fluid that is stopped violently in the compensating pressure accumulator 51 .
  • valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 is kept open as long as the valve-closing solenoid valve 6 is not actuated by the electronic control unit so as to open.
  • the timing of the opening of said valve 101 is determined based on the objectives assigned to the control of the internal combustion engine 100 , whether it be to improve the torque and power performance of said engine, to improve its energy efficiency, or to reduce its pollutant emissions.
  • the electronic control unit opens the valve-closing solenoid valve 6 .
  • the result of this action is to permit the hydraulic fluid contained in the valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder 2 to emerge through the outgoing high-pressure hydraulic circuit 7 and then through the valve-closing high-pressure duct 12 in order to be connected to the inlet of the hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 .
  • This action instantaneously increases the pressure at the inlet of said pump, so that said pressure becomes greater that that prevailing in the low-pressure hydraulic circuit 9 .
  • This difference in pressure closes the pump inlet non-return valve 14 , so that hydraulic fluid coming from the valve-actuating hydraulic cylinder 2 is forced to pass through the inlet of said hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 .
  • said hydraulic positive displacement pump 8 becomes a motor and returns to the crankshaft 102 of the internal combustion engine 100 a portion of the mechanical work that previously made it possible to compress the hydraulic fluid and the spring 103 of the valve 101 of said engine and to tension the return spring 19 of the valve-opening cam 15 and that previously made it possible to accelerate said valve, and the entire chain of mechanical transmission 16 and hydraulic transmission moved in a reciprocating motion by the actuator according to the invention.
  • valve-closing solenoid valve 6 can be opened a single time, but it can also be opened either in a proportional manner or several times. These strategies for opening said solenoid valve can contribute to minimizing the shock that the valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 suffers when it lands on its seat in addition to the variable leverage effect produced by mechanical transmission 16 and by the intermediate transmission 17 as represented in FIG. 12 .
  • the proportional opening of said valve-closing solenoid valve 6 can be achieved by applying a pulse-width modulated current to the ends of its coil 71 , this method also being known under the acronym “PWM” (Pulse Width Modulation).
  • PWM Pulse Width Modulation
  • the controlling of said solenoid valve is entrusted to the electronic control unit, which cooperates with the cam angular position sensor 30 and/or the crankshaft angular coder 102 of the internal combustion engine 100 in order to control the speed of said valve 101 , particularly at the moment it lands on its seat.
  • the total volume of the hydraulic circuit of the actuator 1 varies depending on the position of the valve-actuating piston 3 in its cylinder 22 . This variation in volume is absorbed by the compensating pressure accumulator 51 which maintains the pressure of the low-pressure hydraulic circuit 9 between two values, a minimum and a maximum.
  • Said minimum pressure value is sufficient, on the one hand, to enable the actuator 1 according to the invention to function without cavitation phenomena, said phenomena being deemed destructive and, on the other hand, to minimize the possible positional instabilities of the valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 introduced by the compressibility of the hydraulic fluid.
  • said maximum pressure valve must not exceed that which permits the valve-actuating piston 3 to lift the valve 101 of the internal combustion engine 100 from its seat.
  • the replenishing pump 52 replenishes the compensating pressure accumulator 51 with hydraulic fluid by suctioning said fluid in the replenishing reservoir 53 and delivering said fluid into said accumulator.
  • a replenishing pressure accumulator 85 can advantageously be inserted between the replenishing pump 52 and the compensating pressure accumulators 51 comprised by each of said parallel circuits.
  • a single replenishing pressure accumulator 85 supplies hydraulic fluid to the compensating pressure accumulator 51 comprised by each low-pressure hydraulic circuit 9 via the replenishing non-return valve 86 comprised by each of said low-pressure hydraulic circuits.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
US13/680,401 2011-09-26 2012-11-19 Electrohydraulic valve actuator with reciprocating cam Abandoned US20130074790A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/680,401 US20130074790A1 (en) 2011-09-26 2012-11-19 Electrohydraulic valve actuator with reciprocating cam

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR11/02903 2011-09-26
FR1102903A FR2980515B1 (fr) 2011-09-26 2011-09-26 Actionneur de soupape electro-hydraulique a came alternative
US201261649971P 2012-05-22 2012-05-22
US13/680,401 US20130074790A1 (en) 2011-09-26 2012-11-19 Electrohydraulic valve actuator with reciprocating cam

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US20130074790A1 true US20130074790A1 (en) 2013-03-28

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US13/680,401 Abandoned US20130074790A1 (en) 2011-09-26 2012-11-19 Electrohydraulic valve actuator with reciprocating cam

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US (1) US20130074790A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2764217A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2014528535A (fr)
AU (1) AU2012314105A1 (fr)
FR (2) FR2980515B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013045866A2 (fr)

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WO2016049251A1 (fr) 2014-09-24 2016-03-31 The Broad Institute Inc. Administration, utilisation et applications thérapeutiques de systèmes crispr-cas et compositions de modélisation de mutations dans des leucocytes
WO2016049163A2 (fr) 2014-09-24 2016-03-31 The Broad Institute Inc. Utilisation et production d'animaux transgéniques chd8 +/- possédant des phénotypes de comportement caractéristiques d'un trouble du spectre autistique
US20160341080A1 (en) * 2014-02-04 2016-11-24 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Actuator for an electrohydraulic gas-exchange valve train of a combustion engine
CN108661785A (zh) * 2018-07-26 2018-10-16 谭建文 无曲轴旋转式阿特金森循环发动机
US20190153906A1 (en) * 2016-06-07 2019-05-23 Scania Cv Ab Four stroke internal combustion engine and thereto-related method
US10704431B2 (en) 2017-10-03 2020-07-07 Vianney Rabhi Regenerative valve hydraulic actuator
US11020166B2 (en) 2015-09-25 2021-06-01 Gyrus Acmi, Inc. Multifunctional medical device
US11076909B2 (en) 2015-09-25 2021-08-03 Gyrus Acmi, Inc. Multifunctional medical device
US11156134B2 (en) * 2017-05-22 2021-10-26 EMPA Eidgenössische Materialprüfungs-und Forschungsanstalt Hydraulic drive for accelerating and braking dynamically moving components
US11162436B2 (en) * 2019-09-12 2021-11-02 Jhyager Consulting L.L.C. Camless engine valve control system

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FR3071869B1 (fr) 2017-10-02 2019-10-11 Vianney Rabhi Actionneur hydraulique de soupape a regeneration
DK202200092A1 (en) * 2022-01-31 2023-11-03 Troels Vollertsen A hydraulic valve lifter system, and engine therewith, and a method of its operation

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160341080A1 (en) * 2014-02-04 2016-11-24 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Actuator for an electrohydraulic gas-exchange valve train of a combustion engine
US9920664B2 (en) * 2014-02-04 2018-03-20 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Actuator for an electrohydraulic gas-exchange valve train of a combustion engine
WO2016049251A1 (fr) 2014-09-24 2016-03-31 The Broad Institute Inc. Administration, utilisation et applications thérapeutiques de systèmes crispr-cas et compositions de modélisation de mutations dans des leucocytes
WO2016049163A2 (fr) 2014-09-24 2016-03-31 The Broad Institute Inc. Utilisation et production d'animaux transgéniques chd8 +/- possédant des phénotypes de comportement caractéristiques d'un trouble du spectre autistique
US11020166B2 (en) 2015-09-25 2021-06-01 Gyrus Acmi, Inc. Multifunctional medical device
US11076909B2 (en) 2015-09-25 2021-08-03 Gyrus Acmi, Inc. Multifunctional medical device
US20190153906A1 (en) * 2016-06-07 2019-05-23 Scania Cv Ab Four stroke internal combustion engine and thereto-related method
US11156134B2 (en) * 2017-05-22 2021-10-26 EMPA Eidgenössische Materialprüfungs-und Forschungsanstalt Hydraulic drive for accelerating and braking dynamically moving components
US10704431B2 (en) 2017-10-03 2020-07-07 Vianney Rabhi Regenerative valve hydraulic actuator
CN108661785A (zh) * 2018-07-26 2018-10-16 谭建文 无曲轴旋转式阿特金森循环发动机
US11162436B2 (en) * 2019-09-12 2021-11-02 Jhyager Consulting L.L.C. Camless engine valve control system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2980515B1 (fr) 2016-03-11
AU2012314105A1 (en) 2014-04-17
FR2980515A1 (fr) 2013-03-29
WO2013045866A3 (fr) 2013-12-19
FR2980516B1 (fr) 2015-12-11
JP2014528535A (ja) 2014-10-27
EP2764217A2 (fr) 2014-08-13
FR2980516A1 (fr) 2013-03-29
WO2013045866A2 (fr) 2013-04-04

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