US20120266562A1 - Structural element - Google Patents
Structural element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20120266562A1 US20120266562A1 US13/512,437 US201013512437A US2012266562A1 US 20120266562 A1 US20120266562 A1 US 20120266562A1 US 201013512437 A US201013512437 A US 201013512437A US 2012266562 A1 US2012266562 A1 US 2012266562A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- web
- structural element
- flanges
- lip
- pair
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C3/06—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web
- E04C3/07—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web at least partly of bent or otherwise deformed strip- or sheet-like material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
- E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
- E04C2003/0473—U- or C-shaped
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
- E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
- E04C2003/0482—Z- or S-shaped
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a structural element.
- the present invention relates to a structural element intended to be used as a load bearing element in a skeletal structure, and especially as a purlin for use in a roof supporting building structure.
- Purlins have long been used as load bearing elements in the construction of buildings and other similar structures.
- Conventional purlins are typically cold formed from roll-reduced steel into sections having either a generally Z shaped or C shaped cross section.
- the invention resides broadly in a structural element comprising a web, a pair of substantially oppositely directed flanges projecting outwardly from respective ends of the web, wherein the web comprises two or more channels formed therein, and wherein at least two of the two or more channels project into the web in opposed orientations to one another.
- Each of the pair of flanges may be disposed at any suitable angle to the web. However, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, both of the pair of flanges are disposed substantially at right-angles to the web. Thus, in this embodiment of the invention, the pair of flanges are located substantially parallel to one another.
- Each of the pair of flanges may be of any suitable width. However, it is preferred that the width of each of the flanges is less than the height of the web. Each of the pair of flanges may be of the same or different width to one another. Preferably, one of the pair of flanges is wider than the other of the pair of flanges. This allows for the structural elements to be readily stacked together for transportation and storage, or joined in an overlapping relationship.
- At least one of the pair of flanges may be provided with a lip extending therefrom.
- the lip extends from, or adjacent to, an end of the at least one flange located furthest from the web.
- each of the pair of flanges may be provided with a lip.
- the lip may be disposed at any suitable angle to the flange from which it extends. Preferably, however, each of the lip or lips are disposed at an included angle of less than 180° to the flange or flanges.
- each of the lips may be disposed at the same angle to its respective flange, or each of the lips may be disposed at a different angle to its respective flange.
- at least one of the lips is disposed substantially at a right angle to the flange. In embodiments in which the flange is disposed at substantially a right angle to the web, the at least one lip will therefore be disposed substantially parallel to the web.
- each of the pair of flanges is provided with a lip.
- the lip associated with a first flange is preferably disposed at an included angle of approximately 90° to the first flange, while the lip associated with a second flange is preferably disposed and included angle of between 90° and 180° to the second flange.
- it is preferred that the width of the first flange is less than that of the second flange.
- each of the lips may be substantially linear along its entire length, may be curved or bent, or may be substantially linear along a portion of its length and curved or bent along a portion of its length.
- the lip is curved or bent along at least a portion of its length
- the lip may be provided with one or more curves or bends that extend in any suitable direction.
- an inner radius of the one or more curves or bends may be located on the side of the lip closest to the web, or the side of the lip furthest from the web.
- the lip is provided with two or more curves or bends, the inner radius of at least one of the two or more curves or bends may be located on the side of the lip closest to the web, while an inner radius of at least another of the two or more curves or bends may be located on the side of the lip furthest from the web.
- the at least one lip may be provided with a lip return.
- the lip return may be disposed at any suitable angle to the lip.
- the lip return extends from at or adjacent the end of the lip remote from the flange.
- the lip return may be of any suitable width.
- the lips returns may be of any suitable configuration.
- the lip returns may be substantially linear along their entire length, may be curved or bent, or may be substantially linear along a portion of their length and curved or bent along a portion of their length.
- each of the lips may be provided with a lip return.
- the lip returns may be of the same configuration as one another, or may be of different configurations to one another.
- Each of the two or more channels may be of any suitable size, shape or configuration.
- both of the two or more channels extend at least partially along the length of the web.
- both of the two or more channels may extend continuously along the length of the web, while alternatively, one or more of the two or more channels may comprise a plurality of discrete channels extending coaxially along the length of the web.
- the two or more channels may be provided with any suitable shape.
- the two or more channels may be substantially U- or V-shaped, or may comprise a pair of sidewalls interconnected by a bottom wall, or a combination thereof.
- adjacent channels are spaced apart from one another by a portion of the height of the web.
- the two or more channels may be of different sizes to one another.
- the two or more channels may project different distances into the web as one another.
- the distance between the opposing walls of the channels may vary between channels. In this way, positive lapping of structural elements may be achieved.
- each of the two or more channels projects into the web is not critical, it is preferred that each of the two or more channels is shaped so as to enhance one or more of the torsional, vertical and lateral strengths of the structural element.
- the size and shape of the two or more channels is preferably sufficient to restrict the movement of adjacent or lapped structural elements along an axis of the web. This is particularly advantageous when the structural elements are used in conditions of high load and/or high stress.
- the channels may be used to provide both structural support and engagement enhancement for the use of one or more bridging members.
- the channels may provide a structural engagement mechanism for connection means (such as brackets or the like) for use in various applications (such as suspended ceilings).
- the two or more channels may be located at any suitable position along the height of the web.
- a first channel of the at least two channels that project into the web in opposed orientation to one another is located in a first portion of the height of the web between the middle of the web and a first flange
- a second channel of the at least two channels that project into the web in opposed orientation to one another is located in a second portion of the height of the web between the middle of the web and a second flange.
- the at least two of the two or more channels are located an approximately equal distance from the middle of the web as one another.
- further channels may be provided on the web as required.
- the exact position and orientation of these further channels is not critical. However, additional increases in strength or other physical characteristics of the element such as torque resistance may be gained dependent upon the position of the additional channels.
- the structural element may be fabricated from any suitable material using any suitable technique.
- the structural element is fabricated from a metal or metal alloy (and, in particular, steel or aluminium) and is fabricated by rolling (either cold or hot rolling) or extrusion.
- the structural element of the present invention may be fabricated in a wide variety of sizes depending on the application in which the structural element is to be used.
- the thickness of the structural element may also vary depending on the application in which the structural element is to be used.
- the structural element may be formed from 2 mm thick steel if the load it is to bear is relatively small, whereas if the load is relatively high, the structural element may be formed from 3 mm thick steel, and so on.
- these thicknesses are mentioned by way of illustration only, and the structural element may be formed of any suitable thickness.
- the thickness of the structural element may be substantially constant across its entire cross-section or may vary across the cross-section.
- the structural element is fabricated as a unitary structure.
- the structural element may be formed as a number of individual components which are adapted for connection to one another, such as by welding, brazing, soldering, or the like.
- the structural element may be a purlin.
- the structural element may be a purlin having a substantially Z-shaped cross-section.
- the invention resides broadly in a structural element comprising a web, a pair of flanges projecting outwardly in substantially the same direction from respective ends of the web, wherein the web comprises two or more channels formed therein, and wherein at least two of the two or more channels project into the web in the same orientation as one another.
- Each of the pair of flanges may be disposed at any suitable angle to the web. However, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, both of the pair of flanges are disposed substantially at right-angles to the web. Thus, in this embodiment of the invention, both of the pair of flanges are located substantially parallel to one another.
- Each of the pair of flanges may be of any suitable width. However, it is preferred that the width of each of the flanges is less than the height of the web. Each of the pair of flanges may be of the same or different width to one another. Preferably, one of the pair of flanges is wider than the other of the pair of flanges. This allows for the structural elements to be readily stacked together for transportation and storage, or joined in an overlapping relationship.
- At least one of the pair of flanges may be provided with a lip extending therefrom.
- the lip extends from or adjacent to an end of the at least one flange located furthest from the web.
- each of the pair of flanges may be provided with a lip.
- the lip may be disposed at any suitable angle to the flange from which it extends. Preferably, however, each of the lip or lips are disposed at an included angle of less than 180° to the flange or flanges.
- each of the lips may be disposed at the same angle to its respective flange, or each of the lips may be disposed at a different angle to its respective flange.
- at least one of the lips is disposed substantially at a right angle to the flange. In embodiments in which the flange is disposed at substantially a right angle to the web, the lip will therefore be disposed substantially parallel to the web.
- each of the pair of flanges is provided with a lip.
- both of the lips are disposed at an included angle of about 90° to their respective flanges.
- the two or more channels may be of any suitable size, shape or configuration. Preferably, the two or more channels extend at least partially along the length of the web. In some embodiments of the invention, the two or more channels may extend continuously along the length of the web, while alternatively, one or more of the two or more channels may comprise a plurality of discrete channels extending coaxially along the length of the web.
- the at least two of the two or more channels extend into the web in the same direction as the flanges.
- the two or more channels may be provided with any suitable shape.
- the two or more channels may be substantially U- or V-shaped, or may comprise a pair of sidewalls interconnected by a bottom wall or a combination thereof.
- adjacent channels are spaced apart from one another by a portion of the height of the web.
- the two or more channels may be of different sizes to one another.
- the two or more channels may project different distances into the web as one another.
- the distance between the opposing walls of the channels may vary between channels. In this way, positive lapping of structural elements may be achieved. Further, configuring the two or more channels in this way ensures the correct orientation and assembly of other constructions members (brackets and the like). This is particular of use for kit products and the like.
- each of the two or more channels projects into the web is not critical, it is preferred that each of the two or more channels is shaped so as to enhance one or more of the torsional, vertical and lateral strength of the structural element.
- the channels may be used to provide both structural support and engagement enhancement for the use of one or more bridging members.
- the channels may provide a structural engagement mechanism for connection means (such as brackets or the like) for use in various applications (such as suspended ceilings).
- the two or more channels project into the web in the same direction that the flanges extend.
- an engagement mechanism is created for other construction members (brackets or the like) that is both flush and positive. This is particularly of use in situations in which conjoined members of the same or a differing nature are required.
- the two or more channels may be located at any suitable position along the height of the web.
- a first channel of the at least two channels that project into the web in the same orientation to one another is located in an upper portion of the height of the web
- a second channel of the at least two channels that project into the web in the same orientation to one another is located in a lower portion of the height of the web.
- at least two of the two or more channels are located an approximately equal distance from the middle of the web as one another, although it will be understood that the two or more channels could also be located at different distances from the middle of the web as one another if desired.
- further channels may be provided on the web as required.
- the exact position and orientation of these further channels is not critical. Again however, additional increases in strength or other physical characteristics of the element such as torque resistance may be gained dependent upon the position of the additional channels.
- the structural element may be fabricated from any suitable material using any suitable technique.
- the structural element is fabricated from a metal or metal alloy (and, in particular, steel or aluminium) and is fabricated by rolling (either cold or hot rolling) or extrusion.
- the structural element of the present invention may be fabricated in a wide variety of sizes depending on the application in which the structural element is to be used.
- the thickness of the structural element may also vary depending on the application in which the structural element is to be used.
- the structural element may be formed from 2 mm thick steel if the load it is to bear is relatively small, whereas if the load is relatively high, the structural element may be formed from 3 mm thick steel, and so on.
- these thicknesses are mentioned by way of illustration only, and the structural element may be formed of any suitable thickness.
- the structural element is fabricated as a unitary structure.
- the structural element may be formed as a number of individual components which are adapted for connection to one another, such as by welding, brazing, soldering, or the like.
- the structural element may be a purlin.
- the structural element may be a purlin having a substantially C-shaped cross-section.
- the structural element of the present invention demonstrated increased torsional strength across all spans tested and under all tested bridging conditions.
- the structural element of the present invention provides increased strength and stability during construction than conventional purlins.
- FIG. 1 illustrates an end view of a Z-shaped purlin according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 illustrates a perspective view of a Z-shaped purlin according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 illustrates an end view of a C-shaped purlin according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 illustrates a perspective view of a C-shaped purlin according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIGS. 5-10 illustrate end views of Z-shaped purlins according to alternative embodiments of the present invention.
- FIGS. 11-14 illustrate comparative graphs of span distance (mm) vs torsional strength (kN/m) for a prior art purlin and the structural element of the present invention.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 there is illustration a Z-shaped purlin 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the purlin 10 comprises a web 11 , a first flange 12 extending outwardly from a first end of the web 11 in a first direction, and a second flange 13 extending outwardly from a second end of the web 11 in a second direction.
- the first flange 12 and the second flange 13 extend outwardly from the web 11 substantially parallel to one another but in opposite directions.
- the width of the first flange 12 is less than the width of the second flange 13 , thereby facilitating easy stacking, storage, transportation and use of the purlins 10 .
- the first flange 12 is provided with a lip 14 extending from an end of the first flange 12 furthest from the web 11 .
- the lip 14 is disposed at an included angle ⁇ 1 of about 90° to the first flange 12 .
- the second flange 13 is provided with a lip 15 extending from an end of the second flange 13 furthest from the web 11 .
- the lip 15 is disposed at an included angle ⁇ 2 of between 90° and 180° to the second flange 13 .
- the web 11 is provided with a first channel 16 extending into the web 11 in a first direction, and a second channel 17 extending into the web 11 in a second direction opposite to the first direction.
- the first channel 16 and second channel 17 are substantially U-shaped channels in the web 11 that extend continuously along the entire length of the web 11 .
- the first channel 16 and the second channel 17 are spaced apart from one another by a portion of the height of the web 11 .
- the first channel 16 is located in a first portion of the web 11 between the middle 18 of the height of the web 11 and the second flange 13
- the second channel 17 is located in a second portion of the web 11 between the middle 18 of the height of web 11 and the first flange 12 .
- FIGS. 3 and 4 there is illustration a C-shaped purlin 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the purlin 20 comprises a web 21 , a first flange 22 extending outwardly from a first end of the web 21 in a first direction, and a second flange 23 extending outwardly from a second end of the web 21 in substantially the same direction as the first flange 22 , such that the first flange 22 and the second flange 23 extend substantially parallel to one another.
- the first flange 22 is provided with a lip 24 extending from an end of the first flange 22 furthest from the web 21 .
- the lip 24 is disposed at an included angle ⁇ 1 of about 90° to the first flange 22 .
- the second flange 23 is provided with a lip 25 extending from an end of the second flange 23 furthest from the web 21 .
- the lip 25 is also disposed at an included angle ⁇ 2 of about 90° to the second flange 23 .
- the web 21 is provided with a first channel 26 extending into the web 21 in a first direction, and a second channel 27 extending into the web 21 in the same direction as the first channel 26 .
- the first channel 26 and second channel 27 are substantially U-shaped channels in the web 21 that extend along the entire length of the web 21 .
- the first channel 26 and the second channel 27 are spaced apart from one another by a portion of the height of the web 21 .
- the first channel 26 is located in a first portion of the web 21 between the middle 28 of the height of the web 21 and the second flange 23
- the second channel 27 is located in a second portion of the web 21 between the middle 29 of the height of the web 21 and the first flange 22 .
- FIG. 5 there is shown a Z-shaped purlin 30 according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
- the purlin 30 is very similar to that illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 with the exception that a first lip 31 is provided with a lip return 32 extending from the end of the lip 31 furthest from a first flange 33 .
- a second lip 34 extends from a second flange 35 , the second lip 34 being curved along a portion of its length.
- the inner radius of the curve 36 is located on the side of the lip 34 furthest from the web 37 .
- FIG. 6 a similar purlin 30 to that illustrated in FIG. 5 is shown, with the exception that the lip return 32 extends from the first lip 31 at a more obtuse angle.
- FIG. 7 a similar purlin 30 to that illustrated in FIG. 6 is shown, with the exception that the lip 31 extending from the first flange 33 is curved along a portion of its length. In this embodiment the inner radius of the curve 38 is located on the side of the lip 31 closest to the web 37 .
- FIG. 8 there is shown a Z-shaped purlin 30 that is very similar to that shown in FIG. 6 , with the exception that the second lip 34 is provided with a more pronounced curve therein.
- a purlin 30 is illustrated in which the first lip 31 is provided with a lip return 32 that extends from the end of the lip 31 furthest from the first flange 33 .
- the lip return 32 while similar to that illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6 , extends at an even more obtuse, angle from the lip 31 than the lip returns shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 .
- the second lip 34 is a substantially linear lip, and is provided with a lip return 39 that extends at an acute angle to the lip 34 , such that the lip return 39 extends in a direction generally towards the web 37 .
- the purlin 30 of FIG. 10 is very similar to that shown in FIG. 6 , with the exception that the second lip 34 is substantially linear and is provided with a lip return 39 .
- the lip return 39 extends from the second lip 34 in a direction that is substantially parallel to the second flange 35 . Further, the lip return 39 extends in a direction towards the web 37 .
- FIGS. 11-14 there is illustrated graphs of span distance (mm) vs torsional strength (kN/m) for a prior art purlin and the structural element of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 a comparison between the torsional strength of the prior art purlin (represented by the grey column) and the torsional strength of a purlin of the present invention (represented by the white column) is shown wherein no pieces of bridging are located between spaced apart purlins. It will be noted in this Figure that, across all span distances, the torsional strength of the purlin of the present invention is greater than that of the prior art purlin.
- FIG. 112 a comparison between the torsional strength of the prior art purlin (represented by the grey column) and the torsional strength of a purlin of the present invention (represented by the white column) is shown wherein one piece of bridging is located between spaced apart purlins. It will be noted in this Figure that, across all span distances, the torsional strength of the purlin of the present invention is greater than that of the prior art purlin.
- FIG. 13 a comparison between the torsional strength of the prior art purlin (represented by the grey column) and the torsional strength of a purlin of the present invention (represented by the white column) is shown wherein two pieces of bridging are located between spaced apart purlins. It will be noted in this Figure that, across all span distances, the torsional strength of the purlin of the present invention is greater than that of the prior art purlin.
- FIG. 14 a comparison between the torsional strength of the prior art puffin (represented by the grey column) and the torsional strength of a purlin of the present invention (represented by the white column) is shown wherein three pieces of bridging are located between spaced apart purlins. It will be noted in this Figure that, across all span distances, the torsional strength of the purlin of the present invention is greater than that of the prior art purlin.
- the major advantage of the present invention is that, due to the position and orientation of the channels in the web, the load-bearing properties of the purlins are significantly improved over conventional purlin designs.
- the relatively simple cross-section of the purlins of the present invention ensure the cost of materials, as well as the cost and complexity of manufacturing the purlins, are relatively low.
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Abstract
A structural element comprising a web, a pair of substantially oppositely directed flanges projecting outwardly from respective ends of the web, wherein the web comprises two or more channels formed therein, and wherein at least two of the two or more channels project into the web in opposed orientation to one another.
Description
- The present invention relates to a structural element. In particular, the present invention relates to a structural element intended to be used as a load bearing element in a skeletal structure, and especially as a purlin for use in a roof supporting building structure.
- Purlins have long been used as load bearing elements in the construction of buildings and other similar structures. Conventional purlins are typically cold formed from roll-reduced steel into sections having either a generally Z shaped or C shaped cross section.
- Some attempts have been made to design purlins having increased strength relative to basic Z-section or C-section purlin configurations. For instance, Australian patent number 707074 discloses a Z-section purlin having increased strength due to the addition of lip returns. However, this arrangement suffers from the drawback that the purlins are difficult to stack, which therefore makes the handling and storage of the purlins difficult.
- Thus, there would be an advantage if it were possible to provide a structural element having improved load bearing strength that was also stackable and easy to handle.
- It will be clearly understood that, if a prior art publication is referred to herein, this reference does not constitute an admission that the publication forms part of the common general knowledge in the art in Australia or in any other country.
- Throughout this specification, the term “comprising” and its grammatical equivalents shall be taken to have an inclusive meaning unless the context of use indicates otherwise.
- It is an object of the present invention to provide a structural element which may overcome at least some of the abovementioned disadvantages, or provide a useful or commercial choice.
- In one aspect, the invention resides broadly in a structural element comprising a web, a pair of substantially oppositely directed flanges projecting outwardly from respective ends of the web, wherein the web comprises two or more channels formed therein, and wherein at least two of the two or more channels project into the web in opposed orientations to one another.
- Each of the pair of flanges may be disposed at any suitable angle to the web. However, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, both of the pair of flanges are disposed substantially at right-angles to the web. Thus, in this embodiment of the invention, the pair of flanges are located substantially parallel to one another.
- Each of the pair of flanges may be of any suitable width. However, it is preferred that the width of each of the flanges is less than the height of the web. Each of the pair of flanges may be of the same or different width to one another. Preferably, one of the pair of flanges is wider than the other of the pair of flanges. This allows for the structural elements to be readily stacked together for transportation and storage, or joined in an overlapping relationship.
- In a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one of the pair of flanges may be provided with a lip extending therefrom. Preferably, the lip extends from, or adjacent to, an end of the at least one flange located furthest from the web. In some embodiments of the invention, each of the pair of flanges may be provided with a lip.
- The lip (or lips if present) may be disposed at any suitable angle to the flange from which it extends. Preferably, however, each of the lip or lips are disposed at an included angle of less than 180° to the flange or flanges.
- In embodiments of the invention in which each of the pair of flanges is provided with a lip, each of the lips may be disposed at the same angle to its respective flange, or each of the lips may be disposed at a different angle to its respective flange. In some embodiments, at least one of the lips is disposed substantially at a right angle to the flange. In embodiments in which the flange is disposed at substantially a right angle to the web, the at least one lip will therefore be disposed substantially parallel to the web.
- In a most preferred embodiment of the invention, each of the pair of flanges is provided with a lip. The lip associated with a first flange is preferably disposed at an included angle of approximately 90° to the first flange, while the lip associated with a second flange is preferably disposed and included angle of between 90° and 180° to the second flange. In this embodiment, it is preferred that the width of the first flange is less than that of the second flange.
- The lip (or lips if present) may be of any suitable size, shape or configuration. For instance, each of the lips may be substantially linear along its entire length, may be curved or bent, or may be substantially linear along a portion of its length and curved or bent along a portion of its length.
- In embodiments of the invention the lip is curved or bent along at least a portion of its length, it is envisaged that the lip may be provided with one or more curves or bends that extend in any suitable direction. For instance, an inner radius of the one or more curves or bends may be located on the side of the lip closest to the web, or the side of the lip furthest from the web. Alternatively, if the lip is provided with two or more curves or bends, the inner radius of at least one of the two or more curves or bends may be located on the side of the lip closest to the web, while an inner radius of at least another of the two or more curves or bends may be located on the side of the lip furthest from the web.
- In some embodiments, the at least one lip may be provided with a lip return. The lip return may be disposed at any suitable angle to the lip. Preferably, the lip return extends from at or adjacent the end of the lip remote from the flange. The lip return may be of any suitable width. Further, the lips returns may be of any suitable configuration. For instance, the lip returns may be substantially linear along their entire length, may be curved or bent, or may be substantially linear along a portion of their length and curved or bent along a portion of their length.
- In preferred embodiments of the invention, each of the lips may be provided with a lip return. The lip returns may be of the same configuration as one another, or may be of different configurations to one another.
- Each of the two or more channels may be of any suitable size, shape or configuration. Preferably, both of the two or more channels extend at least partially along the length of the web. In some embodiments of the invention, both of the two or more channels may extend continuously along the length of the web, while alternatively, one or more of the two or more channels may comprise a plurality of discrete channels extending coaxially along the length of the web.
- The two or more channels may be provided with any suitable shape. For instance, the two or more channels may be substantially U- or V-shaped, or may comprise a pair of sidewalls interconnected by a bottom wall, or a combination thereof. However, regardless of the shape or configuration of the two or, more channels, it is preferred that adjacent channels are spaced apart from one another by a portion of the height of the web.
- In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the two or more channels may be of different sizes to one another. For instance, the two or more channels may project different distances into the web as one another. In addition, the distance between the opposing walls of the channels may vary between channels. In this way, positive lapping of structural elements may be achieved.
- While the shape and distance each of the two or more channels projects into the web is not critical, it is preferred that each of the two or more channels is shaped so as to enhance one or more of the torsional, vertical and lateral strengths of the structural element.
- In some embodiments of the invention, the size and shape of the two or more channels is preferably sufficient to restrict the movement of adjacent or lapped structural elements along an axis of the web. This is particularly advantageous when the structural elements are used in conditions of high load and/or high stress.
- Preferably, the channels may be used to provide both structural support and engagement enhancement for the use of one or more bridging members. In addition, the channels may provide a structural engagement mechanism for connection means (such as brackets or the like) for use in various applications (such as suspended ceilings).
- The two or more channels may be located at any suitable position along the height of the web. However, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, a first channel of the at least two channels that project into the web in opposed orientation to one another is located in a first portion of the height of the web between the middle of the web and a first flange, while a second channel of the at least two channels that project into the web in opposed orientation to one another is located in a second portion of the height of the web between the middle of the web and a second flange. Desirably, the at least two of the two or more channels are located an approximately equal distance from the middle of the web as one another. By providing the two or more channels in these locations, the structural element of the present invention is provided with increased strength relative to that obtained from conventional structural elements of this kind.
- It is envisaged that further channels may be provided on the web as required. The exact position and orientation of these further channels is not critical. However, additional increases in strength or other physical characteristics of the element such as torque resistance may be gained dependent upon the position of the additional channels.
- The structural element may be fabricated from any suitable material using any suitable technique. Preferably, however, the structural element is fabricated from a metal or metal alloy (and, in particular, steel or aluminium) and is fabricated by rolling (either cold or hot rolling) or extrusion.
- It is envisaged that the structural element of the present invention may be fabricated in a wide variety of sizes depending on the application in which the structural element is to be used. In addition, the thickness of the structural element may also vary depending on the application in which the structural element is to be used. For instance, the structural element may be formed from 2 mm thick steel if the load it is to bear is relatively small, whereas if the load is relatively high, the structural element may be formed from 3 mm thick steel, and so on. A skilled addressee will realize that these thicknesses are mentioned by way of illustration only, and the structural element may be formed of any suitable thickness. Further, the thickness of the structural element may be substantially constant across its entire cross-section or may vary across the cross-section.
- Preferably, the structural element is fabricated as a unitary structure. Alternatively, however, the structural element may be formed as a number of individual components which are adapted for connection to one another, such as by welding, brazing, soldering, or the like.
- In this aspect of the invention, the structural element may be a purlin. In particular, the structural element may be a purlin having a substantially Z-shaped cross-section.
- In another aspect, the invention resides broadly in a structural element comprising a web, a pair of flanges projecting outwardly in substantially the same direction from respective ends of the web, wherein the web comprises two or more channels formed therein, and wherein at least two of the two or more channels project into the web in the same orientation as one another.
- Each of the pair of flanges may be disposed at any suitable angle to the web. However, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, both of the pair of flanges are disposed substantially at right-angles to the web. Thus, in this embodiment of the invention, both of the pair of flanges are located substantially parallel to one another.
- Each of the pair of flanges may be of any suitable width. However, it is preferred that the width of each of the flanges is less than the height of the web. Each of the pair of flanges may be of the same or different width to one another. Preferably, one of the pair of flanges is wider than the other of the pair of flanges. This allows for the structural elements to be readily stacked together for transportation and storage, or joined in an overlapping relationship.
- In a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one of the pair of flanges may be provided with a lip extending therefrom. Preferably, the lip extends from or adjacent to an end of the at least one flange located furthest from the web. In some embodiments of the invention, each of the pair of flanges may be provided with a lip.
- The lip (or lips if present) may be disposed at any suitable angle to the flange from which it extends. Preferably, however, each of the lip or lips are disposed at an included angle of less than 180° to the flange or flanges.
- In embodiments of the invention in which each of the pair of flanges is provided with a lip, each of the lips may be disposed at the same angle to its respective flange, or each of the lips may be disposed at a different angle to its respective flange. In some embodiments, at least one of the lips is disposed substantially at a right angle to the flange. In embodiments in which the flange is disposed at substantially a right angle to the web, the lip will therefore be disposed substantially parallel to the web.
- In a most preferred embodiment of the invention, each of the pair of flanges is provided with a lip. In this embodiment, it is preferred that both of the lips are disposed at an included angle of about 90° to their respective flanges.
- The two or more channels may be of any suitable size, shape or configuration. Preferably, the two or more channels extend at least partially along the length of the web. In some embodiments of the invention, the two or more channels may extend continuously along the length of the web, while alternatively, one or more of the two or more channels may comprise a plurality of discrete channels extending coaxially along the length of the web.
- Preferably, the at least two of the two or more channels extend into the web in the same direction as the flanges.
- The two or more channels may be provided with any suitable shape. For instance, the two or more channels may be substantially U- or V-shaped, or may comprise a pair of sidewalls interconnected by a bottom wall or a combination thereof. However, regardless of the shape or configuration of the two or more channels, it is preferred that adjacent channels are spaced apart from one another by a portion of the height of the web.
- In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the two or more channels may be of different sizes to one another. For instance, the two or more channels may project different distances into the web as one another. In addition, the distance between the opposing walls of the channels may vary between channels. In this way, positive lapping of structural elements may be achieved. Further, configuring the two or more channels in this way ensures the correct orientation and assembly of other constructions members (brackets and the like). This is particular of use for kit products and the like.
- While the shape and distance each of the two or more channels projects into the web is not critical, it is preferred that each of the two or more channels is shaped so as to enhance one or more of the torsional, vertical and lateral strength of the structural element.
- Preferably, the channels may be used to provide both structural support and engagement enhancement for the use of one or more bridging members. In addition, the channels may provide a structural engagement mechanism for connection means (such as brackets or the like) for use in various applications (such as suspended ceilings).
- In this embodiment of the invention, the two or more channels project into the web in the same direction that the flanges extend. By projecting into the web in this direction, an engagement mechanism is created for other construction members (brackets or the like) that is both flush and positive. This is particularly of use in situations in which conjoined members of the same or a differing nature are required.
- The two or more channels may be located at any suitable position along the height of the web. However, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, a first channel of the at least two channels that project into the web in the same orientation to one another is located in an upper portion of the height of the web, while a second channel of the at least two channels that project into the web in the same orientation to one another is located in a lower portion of the height of the web. Desirably, at least two of the two or more channels are located an approximately equal distance from the middle of the web as one another, although it will be understood that the two or more channels could also be located at different distances from the middle of the web as one another if desired. By providing the two or more channels in these locations, the structural element of the present invention is provided with increased strength relative to that obtained from conventional structural elements of this kind.
- It is envisaged that further channels may be provided on the web as required. The exact position and orientation of these further channels is not critical. Again however, additional increases in strength or other physical characteristics of the element such as torque resistance may be gained dependent upon the position of the additional channels.
- The structural element may be fabricated from any suitable material using any suitable technique. Preferably, however, the structural element is fabricated from a metal or metal alloy (and, in particular, steel or aluminium) and is fabricated by rolling (either cold or hot rolling) or extrusion.
- It is envisaged that the structural element of the present invention may be fabricated in a wide variety of sizes depending on the application in which the structural element is to be used. In addition, the thickness of the structural element may also vary depending on the application in which the structural element is to be used. For instance, the structural element may be formed from 2 mm thick steel if the load it is to bear is relatively small, whereas if the load is relatively high, the structural element may be formed from 3 mm thick steel, and so on. A skilled addressee will realize that these thicknesses are mentioned by way of illustration only, and the structural element may be formed of any suitable thickness.
- Preferably, the structural element is fabricated as a unitary structure. Alternatively, however, the structural element may be formed as a number of individual components which are adapted for connection to one another, such as by welding, brazing, soldering, or the like.
- In this aspect of the invention, the structural element may be a purlin. In particular, the structural element may be a purlin having a substantially C-shaped cross-section.
- A number of comparative tests were performed in which the torsional strength of a conventional purlin (Purlin A) was compared to that of a structural element according to the present invention (Purlin B).
- Specifically, the torsional strength of the purlins were tested at different spans, and under different bridging conditions, that is with different numbers of bridging elements between two spaced apart purlins. The results of these tests are summarized in Table 1.
- It will be clearly seen that the structural element of the present invention demonstrated increased torsional strength across all spans tested and under all tested bridging conditions. Thus, it may be seen that the structural element of the present invention provides increased strength and stability during construction than conventional purlins.
-
TABLE 1 NO BRIDGING 1 PIECE OF BRIDGING 2 PIECES OF BRIDGING 3 PIECES OF BRIDGING Torsional Torsional Torsional Torsional Torsional Torsional Torsional Torsional Strength Strength Strength Strength Strength Strength Strength Strength Span (kN/m) (kN/m) % (kN/m) (kN/m) % (kN/m) (kN/m) % (kN/m) (kN/m) % (mm) Purlin A Purlin B Difference Purlin A Purlin B Difference Purlin A Purlin B Difference Purlin A Purlin B Difference 3000 11.71 16.00 36.6 13.66 16.00 17.1 14.01 16.00 14.2 14.01 16.00 14.2 3500 8.13 12.60 54.9 9.49 12.60 32.7 9.73 12.60 29.4 9.73 12.60 29.4 4000 6.93 10.10 45.7 8.08 10.10 25.0 8.29 10.10 21.8 8.29 10.10 21.8 4500 5.20 7.36 41.5 6.07 8.40 38.3 6.22 8.40 35.0 6.22 8.40 35.0 5000 4.73 6.46 36.5 4.85 6.46 33.1 4.85 6.46 33.1 5500 4.22 5.26 24.6 4.32 5.34 23.6 4.32 5.34 23.6 6000 3.50 4.72 34.8 3.50 4.72 34.8 6500 2.89 3.66 26.6 2.89 4.02 39.1 - The results set out in Table 1 are represented graphically in
FIGS. 11-14 . - An embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the following drawings in which:
-
FIG. 1 illustrates an end view of a Z-shaped purlin according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 2 illustrates a perspective view of a Z-shaped purlin according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 3 illustrates an end view of a C-shaped purlin according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 4 illustrates a perspective view of a C-shaped purlin according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIGS. 5-10 illustrate end views of Z-shaped purlins according to alternative embodiments of the present invention; and -
FIGS. 11-14 illustrate comparative graphs of span distance (mm) vs torsional strength (kN/m) for a prior art purlin and the structural element of the present invention. - It will be appreciated that the drawings have been provided for the purposes of illustrating preferred embodiments of the present invention and that the invention should not be considered to be limited solely to the features as shown in the drawings.
- In
FIGS. 1 and 2 there is illustration a Z-shapedpurlin 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Thepurlin 10 comprises aweb 11, afirst flange 12 extending outwardly from a first end of theweb 11 in a first direction, and asecond flange 13 extending outwardly from a second end of theweb 11 in a second direction. Thefirst flange 12 and thesecond flange 13 extend outwardly from theweb 11 substantially parallel to one another but in opposite directions. - The width of the
first flange 12 is less than the width of thesecond flange 13, thereby facilitating easy stacking, storage, transportation and use of thepurlins 10. - The
first flange 12 is provided with alip 14 extending from an end of thefirst flange 12 furthest from theweb 11. In the embodiment of the invention illustrated inFIGS. 1 and 2 , thelip 14 is disposed at an included angle θ1 of about 90° to thefirst flange 12. - Similarly, the
second flange 13 is provided with alip 15 extending from an end of thesecond flange 13 furthest from theweb 11. In the embodiment of the invention illustrated inFIGS. 1 and 2 , thelip 15 is disposed at an included angle θ2 of between 90° and 180° to thesecond flange 13. - The
web 11 is provided with afirst channel 16 extending into theweb 11 in a first direction, and asecond channel 17 extending into theweb 11 in a second direction opposite to the first direction. Thefirst channel 16 andsecond channel 17 are substantially U-shaped channels in theweb 11 that extend continuously along the entire length of theweb 11. Thefirst channel 16 and thesecond channel 17 are spaced apart from one another by a portion of the height of theweb 11. Thefirst channel 16 is located in a first portion of theweb 11 between the middle 18 of the height of theweb 11 and thesecond flange 13, while thesecond channel 17 is located in a second portion of theweb 11 between the middle 18 of the height ofweb 11 and thefirst flange 12. - In
FIGS. 3 and 4 there is illustration a C-shapedpurlin 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Thepurlin 20 comprises aweb 21, afirst flange 22 extending outwardly from a first end of theweb 21 in a first direction, and asecond flange 23 extending outwardly from a second end of theweb 21 in substantially the same direction as thefirst flange 22, such that thefirst flange 22 and thesecond flange 23 extend substantially parallel to one another. - The
first flange 22 is provided with alip 24 extending from an end of thefirst flange 22 furthest from theweb 21. In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, thelip 24 is disposed at an included angle θ1 of about 90° to thefirst flange 22. - Similarly, the
second flange 23 is provided with alip 25 extending from an end of thesecond flange 23 furthest from theweb 21. In the embodiment of the invention illustrated inFIGS. 1 and 2 , thelip 25 is also disposed at an included angle θ2 of about 90° to thesecond flange 23. - The
web 21 is provided with afirst channel 26 extending into theweb 21 in a first direction, and asecond channel 27 extending into theweb 21 in the same direction as thefirst channel 26. Thefirst channel 26 andsecond channel 27 are substantially U-shaped channels in theweb 21 that extend along the entire length of theweb 21. Thefirst channel 26 and thesecond channel 27 are spaced apart from one another by a portion of the height of theweb 21. Thefirst channel 26 is located in a first portion of theweb 21 between the middle 28 of the height of theweb 21 and thesecond flange 23, while thesecond channel 27 is located in a second portion of theweb 21 between the middle 29 of the height of theweb 21 and thefirst flange 22. - In
FIG. 5 there is shown a Z-shapedpurlin 30 according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention. In this Figure, thepurlin 30 is very similar to that illustrated inFIGS. 1 and 2 with the exception that afirst lip 31 is provided with alip return 32 extending from the end of thelip 31 furthest from afirst flange 33. - Similarly a
second lip 34 extends from asecond flange 35, thesecond lip 34 being curved along a portion of its length. In this embodiment, the inner radius of thecurve 36 is located on the side of thelip 34 furthest from theweb 37. - In
FIG. 6 , asimilar purlin 30 to that illustrated inFIG. 5 is shown, with the exception that thelip return 32 extends from thefirst lip 31 at a more obtuse angle. - In
FIG. 7 , asimilar purlin 30 to that illustrated inFIG. 6 is shown, with the exception that thelip 31 extending from thefirst flange 33 is curved along a portion of its length. In this embodiment the inner radius of thecurve 38 is located on the side of thelip 31 closest to theweb 37. - In
FIG. 8 , there is shown a Z-shapedpurlin 30 that is very similar to that shown inFIG. 6 , with the exception that thesecond lip 34 is provided with a more pronounced curve therein. - In
FIG. 9 , apurlin 30 is illustrated in which thefirst lip 31 is provided with alip return 32 that extends from the end of thelip 31 furthest from thefirst flange 33. Thelip return 32, while similar to that illustrated inFIGS. 5 and 6 , extends at an even more obtuse, angle from thelip 31 than the lip returns shown inFIGS. 5 and 6 . - In addition, the
second lip 34 is a substantially linear lip, and is provided with alip return 39 that extends at an acute angle to thelip 34, such that thelip return 39 extends in a direction generally towards theweb 37. - The
purlin 30 ofFIG. 10 is very similar to that shown inFIG. 6 , with the exception that thesecond lip 34 is substantially linear and is provided with alip return 39. Thelip return 39 extends from thesecond lip 34 in a direction that is substantially parallel to thesecond flange 35. Further, thelip return 39 extends in a direction towards theweb 37. - In
FIGS. 11-14 there is illustrated graphs of span distance (mm) vs torsional strength (kN/m) for a prior art purlin and the structural element of the present invention. InFIG. 11 , a comparison between the torsional strength of the prior art purlin (represented by the grey column) and the torsional strength of a purlin of the present invention (represented by the white column) is shown wherein no pieces of bridging are located between spaced apart purlins. It will be noted in this Figure that, across all span distances, the torsional strength of the purlin of the present invention is greater than that of the prior art purlin. - In
FIG. 112 a comparison between the torsional strength of the prior art purlin (represented by the grey column) and the torsional strength of a purlin of the present invention (represented by the white column) is shown wherein one piece of bridging is located between spaced apart purlins. It will be noted in this Figure that, across all span distances, the torsional strength of the purlin of the present invention is greater than that of the prior art purlin. - In
FIG. 13 , a comparison between the torsional strength of the prior art purlin (represented by the grey column) and the torsional strength of a purlin of the present invention (represented by the white column) is shown wherein two pieces of bridging are located between spaced apart purlins. It will be noted in this Figure that, across all span distances, the torsional strength of the purlin of the present invention is greater than that of the prior art purlin. - In
FIG. 14 , a comparison between the torsional strength of the prior art puffin (represented by the grey column) and the torsional strength of a purlin of the present invention (represented by the white column) is shown wherein three pieces of bridging are located between spaced apart purlins. It will be noted in this Figure that, across all span distances, the torsional strength of the purlin of the present invention is greater than that of the prior art purlin. - The major advantage of the present invention is that, due to the position and orientation of the channels in the web, the load-bearing properties of the purlins are significantly improved over conventional purlin designs. In addition, the relatively simple cross-section of the purlins of the present invention ensure the cost of materials, as well as the cost and complexity of manufacturing the purlins, are relatively low.
- Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention may be susceptible to variations and modifications other than those specifically described. It will be understood that the present invention encompasses all such variations and modifications that fall within its spirit and scope.
Claims (21)
1. A structural element comprising a web, a pair of substantially oppositely directed flanges projecting outwardly from respective ends of the web, wherein the web comprises two or more channels formed therein, and wherein at least two of the two or more channels project into the web in opposed orientation to one another.
2. A structural element according to claim 1 wherein the pair of flanges are disposed substantially parallel to one another.
3. A structural element according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the pair of flanges are disposed substantially at right-angles to the web.
4. A structural element according to any one of the preceding claims wherein one of the pair of flanges is wider than the other of the pair of flanges.
5. A structural element according to any one of the preceding claims wherein at least one of the pair of flanges is provided with at least one lip extending therefrom.
6. A structural element according to claim 5 wherein the at least one lip is disposed at an included angle of less than 180° to the flange or flanges.
7. A structural element according to any one of the preceding claims wherein each of the pair of flanges is provided with a lip.
8. A structural element according to claim 7 wherein the lip associated with a first of the pair of the flanges is disposed at an angle of approximately 90° to the first of the pair of flanges, and the lip associated with a second of the pair of flanges is disposed at an angle of between 90° and 180° to the second of the pair of flanges.
9. A structural element according to any one of claims 5 to 8 wherein the at least one lip is bent or curved along at least a portion of its length.
10. A structural element according to any one of claims 5 to 9 wherein the at least one lip is provided with a lip return.
11. A structural element according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the two or more channels are spaced apart from one another by a portion of the height of the web.
12. A structural element according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the two or more channels are shaped so as to enhance one or more of the torsional, vertical and lateral strengths of the structural element.
13. A structural element according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the two or more channels are adapted to provide engagement enhancement for the use of one or more bridging members.
14. A structural element according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the at least two of the two or more channels are located an approximately equal distance from the middle of the web as one another.
15. A structural element according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the structural element is a purlin.
16. A structural element comprising a web, a pair of flanges projecting outwardly in substantially the same direction from respective ends of the web, wherein the web comprises two or more channels formed therein, and wherein at least two of the two or more channels project into the web in the same orientation as one another.
17. A structural element according to claim 16 wherein each of the pair of flanges are disposed substantially at right-angles to the web.
18. A structural element according to claim 16 or claim 17 wherein at least one of the pair of flanges is provided with a lip extending therefrom.
19. A structural element according to claim 18 wherein the lip is disposed at an angle of about 90° to the at least one of the pair of flanges.
20. A structural element according to any one of claims 16 to 20 wherein the at least two of the two or more channels extend into the web in the same direction as the flanges.
21. A structural element according to any one of claims 16 to 21 wherein the structural element is a purlin.
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AU2009905821A AU2009905821A0 (en) | 2009-11-27 | Structural Element | |
PCT/AU2010/001534 WO2011063447A1 (en) | 2009-11-27 | 2010-11-16 | Structural element |
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US10316509B2 (en) * | 2017-04-03 | 2019-06-11 | Revamp Panels, LLC | Post and beam system |
US10400456B2 (en) * | 2011-01-04 | 2019-09-03 | Advanced Architectural Products, Llc | Polymer-based bracket system for exterior cladding |
US20190323282A1 (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2019-10-24 | Assa Abloy Entrance Systems Ab | Strut for windload door |
US20230397726A1 (en) * | 2020-01-30 | 2023-12-14 | International Technical Coatings, Inc. | Method and apparatus for flange clip for support channel |
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USD985802S1 (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2023-05-09 | Super Stud Building Products, Inc. | Isolated resilient channel |
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2010
- 2010-11-16 US US13/512,437 patent/US20120266562A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-11-16 NZ NZ600216A patent/NZ600216A/en unknown
- 2010-11-16 AU AU2010324521A patent/AU2010324521B2/en active Active
- 2010-11-16 WO PCT/AU2010/001534 patent/WO2011063447A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-11-16 NZ NZ627155A patent/NZ627155A/en unknown
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US10400456B2 (en) * | 2011-01-04 | 2019-09-03 | Advanced Architectural Products, Llc | Polymer-based bracket system for exterior cladding |
US9249622B1 (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2016-02-02 | Premium Garage Door Hardware Inc. | Garage door track with inwardly hemmed sidewall, and reinforcing ribs to reduce the incidence of rollout |
US10316509B2 (en) * | 2017-04-03 | 2019-06-11 | Revamp Panels, LLC | Post and beam system |
US10781584B2 (en) | 2017-04-03 | 2020-09-22 | Revamp Panels, LLC | Post and beam system |
US20190323282A1 (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2019-10-24 | Assa Abloy Entrance Systems Ab | Strut for windload door |
US20230397726A1 (en) * | 2020-01-30 | 2023-12-14 | International Technical Coatings, Inc. | Method and apparatus for flange clip for support channel |
US11986092B2 (en) * | 2020-01-30 | 2024-05-21 | International Technical Coatings, Inc. | Method and apparatus for flange clip for support channel |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NZ627155A (en) | 2015-11-27 |
AU2010324521A1 (en) | 2012-06-14 |
NZ600216A (en) | 2014-07-25 |
AU2010324521B2 (en) | 2016-05-05 |
WO2011063447A1 (en) | 2011-06-03 |
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Legal Events
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Owner name: METROLL TECHNOLOGY PTY LTD., AUSTRALIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:WOOLF, KEITH, MR.;REEL/FRAME:028385/0410 Effective date: 20120614 |
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STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
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