US20120015600A1 - Induction unit for uniting air flows - Google Patents

Induction unit for uniting air flows Download PDF

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Publication number
US20120015600A1
US20120015600A1 US13/144,052 US200913144052A US2012015600A1 US 20120015600 A1 US20120015600 A1 US 20120015600A1 US 200913144052 A US200913144052 A US 200913144052A US 2012015600 A1 US2012015600 A1 US 2012015600A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
duct
induction
primary air
air flow
induction unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/144,052
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English (en)
Inventor
Per Åke Larsson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Swegon Operations AB
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Swegon AB
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Swegon AB filed Critical Swegon AB
Assigned to SWEGON AB reassignment SWEGON AB ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LARSSON, PER AKE
Publication of US20120015600A1 publication Critical patent/US20120015600A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/01—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station in which secondary air is induced by injector action of the primary air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/26—Arrangements for air-circulation by means of induction, e.g. by fluid coupling or thermal effect

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an induction unit for uniting air flows, comprising at least one induction duct coordinated with a primary air duct of the type specified in the preamble to patent claim 1 below.
  • Induction units in which air flowing out of nozzles, slits or the like creates an induction (the ejector effect), which causes ambient air (circulated air) to circulate through a heat exchanger etc are already known.
  • the nozzles formed as so-called ducted primary air nozzles directly in the wall of a primary air duct, which is connected to a fresh air fan.
  • Extending from the duct wall with primary air nozzles and parallel to the outlet flow direction thereof is an induction duct, which in its duct wall adjoining the primary air nozzles has an inlet opening for circulated air, leading to a common outlet for the air mixture.
  • the inlet opening for circulated air is arranged transversely to the outlet flow direction of the primary air nozzles.
  • the fresh air fan By means of its fan pressure the fresh air fan produces jets through the nozzles, which in turn generate a static negative pressure over the inlet opening, which may be connected to a heat exchanger.
  • the circulated air also referred to as secondary air, is thereby drawn in through the inlet opening oriented transversely to the outlet flow direction of the primary air nozzles and through the heat exchanger, where the air is either cooled or heated, whereupon the secondary air is forced to change direction by approximately 90 degrees during mixing with the primary air, before the air mixture is returned to the surrounding air through a common outlet.
  • Another problem is that the efficiency of the heat exchanger becomes irregular and poorly optimized in that the static negative pressure generated by the primary air nozzles over the inlet opening connected to the heat exchanger varies over different parts of its area.
  • the static negative pressure is almost 100% in the part of the inlet opening area closest to the duct wall with the primary air nozzles, whereas the static negative pressure drops towards 0% in the part of the inlet opening area situated furthest away from this duct wall.
  • FIG. 1 Previously known induction units ( FIG. 1 ) therefore have a curved flow path for the secondary air, which in combination with an uneven static pressure over the heat exchanger surface means that the air cannot be evenly distributed over the heat exchanger surface.
  • An object of the invention is to provide an improved induction unit, which is not impaired by the problems and disadvantages inherent in hitherto known technical solutions of this type that have been described above.
  • the flow paths through the induction unit run straight from the secondary air intake to the outlet with as low a flow resistance as possible in order to maximize the secondary air flow.
  • the flow through a connected heat exchanger then becomes uniform, which leads to an optimum utilization of the heat exchanger surface.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section through one embodiment of an induction unit of conventional type
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through an induction unit according to the invention having one induction duct
  • FIG. 3 a shows a cross section through a further embodiment provided with a partition wall and two induction ducts
  • FIGS. 3 b and 3 c are perspective sketch views, which show how the induction unit in FIG. 3 a can be formed in sections
  • FIG. 4 shows a variant of the induction unit in FIG. 3 having three induction ducts
  • FIG. 5 shows a further enhanced embodiment of the induction unit in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 1 shows a previously known induction unit 2 , which has so-called ducted primary air nozzles 4 formed directly in the wall of a primary air duct 6 , which is connected to a fresh air fan (not shown).
  • an induction duct 8 Extending from the duct wall with the primary air nozzles 4 and parallel to the outlet flow direction thereof is an induction duct 8 , which in its duct wall adjoining the primary air nozzles 4 has a secondary air intake 12 , connected via a heat exchanger 10 , leading to a common outlet 14 for the air mixture.
  • the secondary air intake 12 is situated transversely to the outlet flow direction of the primary air nozzles 4 .
  • the fresh air fan produces jets through the nozzles 4 , which in turn generate a static negative pressure over the secondary air intake 12 and the heat exchanger 10 connected thereto.
  • the secondary air is thereby drawn in through the secondary air intake 12 and through the heat exchanger 10 , where the air is either cooled or heated, whereupon the secondary air is forced to change direction by approximately 90 degrees during mixing with the primary air, before the air mixture is returned to the surrounding air through the common outlet 14 .
  • the static negative pressure generated by the primary air nozzles over the inlet opening connected to the heat exchanger thereby varies over different parts of its area.
  • the static negative pressure is almost 100% in the part of the inlet opening area closest to the duct wall with the primary air nozzles 4 , whereas the static negative pressure drops towards 0% in the part of the inlet opening area situated furthest away from this duct wall.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through a basic embodiment of an induction unit 20 according to the invention, having one induction duct 21 , which by contrast extends substantially straight from an upstream end with a secondary air intake 22 to a downstream end with an outlet 24 and has a straight reference line A passing through the ends.
  • the flow paths from the upstream end with the secondary air intake 22 to the downstream end with the outlet 24 are thereby straight and parallel to the reference line A, which compared to the state of the art gives a substantially lower flow resistance and hence a maximized secondary air flow.
  • the induction unit 20 is likewise provided with primary air nozzles in the form of ducted first openings 28 , which may be formed directly in a first duct wall 29 between the induction duct 21 and a first primary air duct 30 , which is likewise connected to a fresh air fan (not shown).
  • the first duct wall 29 has been profiled into a substantially z-like shape with a waist 32 running transversely to the reference line A, in which each first opening 28 is made and through which a primary air flow F 1 directed with concurrent flow can be introduced into the induction duct 21 at a relatively small angle a of approximately 0-10° to the reference line A.
  • the waist 32 is suitably situated at approximately 1 ⁇ 3 of the distance between the secondary air intake 22 and the outlet 24 .
  • a first leg of the first duct wall 29 diverging from an opposing second duct wall 34 towards the secondary air intake 22 , extends from the waist 32 and is bounded by its attachment to an outer wall 36 of the first primary air duct 30 .
  • the second duct wall 34 constitutes the opposite boundary of the secondary air intake 22 , so that the entire cross section of the secondary air intake 22 is open to the induction duct.
  • a second leg of the first duct wall 29 converging with the second duct wall 36 towards the outlet 24 , extends a further 1 ⁇ 3 of the distance in such a way as to produce a cross section which is less than half of the cross section of the secondary air intake and which has a substantially constant cross section over the remaining 1 ⁇ 3 towards the outlet 24 .
  • the reference line A extends centrally in the part of the induction duct of constant cross-section.
  • the second duct wall 36 of the induction duct 21 may be of an extent corresponding to this cross section.
  • the secondary air intake 22 thereby has an area which is at least twice as large as the outlet 24 , thereby forming a venturi 38 , the venturi effect of which contributes to a greater suction effect in the secondary air intake 22 .
  • FIG. 3 a shows a further enhanced embodiment similar to that in FIG. 2 , with a two-duct induction unit 20 ′ formed by two laterally inverted induction units 20 having a first induction duct 21 ′ and a second induction duct 21 ′′, each having its associated primary air duct, a first primary air duct 30 ′ and a second primary air duct 30 ′′ with associated first openings 28 ′.
  • Every second duct wall 34 here has been replaced by a partition wall 38 , which separates the first induction duct 21 ′ from the second induction duct 21 ′′.
  • the partition wall 38 makes it possible to distribute various air flows to the induction ducts, for example by fitting the first primary air duct 30 ′ and the second primary air duct 30 ′′ with first openings 28 ′ of different sizes.
  • each first opening 28 ′, or a group of first openings 28 ′ blowing into each induction duct may be closable in a manner known in the art, in order to allow the first induction duct 21 ′, for example, to be shut off whilst the second induction duct 21 ′′ continues to operate, or vice-versa.
  • the regulation of the primary air between the primary air ducts may also be controlled in some other way, for example by throttle control of the inflow to each primary air duct or by using different fans, which are individually controllable, in order to create the intended effect.
  • One example may be to use the first primary air duct 30 ′ for a basic flow and to use the second primary air duct 30 ′′ and/or further primary air ducts, which will be described later with reference to FIG. 4 , for one or more forced-air flows.
  • the partition wall 38 results in separate air paths for each duct and hence an optimum induction.
  • the partition wall may also be of moveable design, that is to say if the first primary air duct 30 ′ has most primary air, the first induction duct 21 ′ must also be larger, which can be achieved in a manner known in the art by displacing the partition wall 38 towards the second induction duct 21 ′′.
  • FIGS. 3 b and 3 c are perspective sketch views, which show how the induction unit 20 ′ in FIG. 3 a can be formed in sections, where each section 40 is box-shaped of a height H, depth D and length L and comprises the two primary air ducts 30 ′; 30 ′′ and the two induction ducts 21 ′; 21 ′′.
  • the profiled waist 32 ′′ of the first duct wall 29 ′′ may be provided with a group of three first openings 28 ′, which connect each primary air duct to the associated induction duct.
  • an induction unit 20 ′′ may thereby be constructed in modular form from one or more sections 40 , depending on the required capacity in the particular case.
  • the modular construction in sections 40 allows an induction unit 20 ′′ of height H, depth D and length n ⁇ L to be assembled from a suitable number n of sections 40 in accordance with the particular ventilation and/or air conditioning requirement.
  • FIG. 4 shows a variant of the induction unit having three induction ducts.
  • an induction unit 20 according to the basic embodiment in FIG. 2 has been combined with an induction unit 20 ′ according to the embodiment in FIG. 3 , creating a three-duct induction unit 20 ′′′.
  • This three-duct variant therefore has a first induction duct 21 ′, a second induction duct 21 ′′ and a third induction duct 21 ′′', each comprising its own associated primary air duct, a first primary air duct 30 ′, a second primary air duct 30 ′′ and a third primary air duct 30 ′′′ with associated first openings 28 ′.
  • each duct in this variant is equivalent to the preceding embodiments and will therefore not be described in more detail here. It is pointed out that for special requirements it is obviously also possible to combine a plurality of single-duct and/or two-duct and/or three-duct modules with one another, in order to obtain an induction unit that fulfills the high requirements placed on adjustability by means of a plurality of different flows.
  • first primary air duct 30 ′ for a basic flow and use of the second primary air duct 30 ′′ for a forced-air flow to a first level and the third primary air duct 30 ′′′ for a forced-air flow to a second level and any further primary air ducts to further boost the forced-air flows.
  • the partition wall 38 ′′′ or equivalent partition walls result in separate air paths for each duct and hence an optimum induction.
  • the basic flow can be ensured by means of two or three primary air ducts, after which forced-air flows can be produced by means of an optional further number of primary air ducts.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further enhanced embodiment 20 ′′′ of the induction unit in FIGS. 3 a - c .
  • the design of each induction duct has been further improved in that the z-profiled first duct wall 29 has been replaced by a plane wall, to reduce the flow resistance further and to improve the efficiency.
  • a third induction duct 42 and a fourth induction duct 42 ′ are therefore formed each with their own plane third wall 44 or fourth wall 44 ′ on either side of an associated, likewise plane partition wall, which for the sake of clarity has here been termed a dividing wall 46 .
  • From the secondary air intake 48 each plane third wall 44 and plane fourth wall 44 ′ converges to a position situated at substantially 2 ⁇ 3 of the distance to the outlet 50 and extends with a substantially constant cross section over the remaining 1 ⁇ 3 of the distance to outlet.
  • the first duct wall 29 profiled to a substantially z-like shape, with a waist 32 which runs transversely to the reference line A and which partially encroaches on the cross sectional area of each induction duct, and in which each first opening 28 is made, has therefore in each case been replaced by a plane third wall 44 or fourth wall 44 ′.
  • Each first opening 28 in previous embodiments according to FIGS. 2-4 has then been replaced by a second primary air nozzle 52 embodied as a bent pipe, which in place of the waist 32 projects a distance into each induction duct 42 , 42 ′ and which may be configured in such a way that the primary air flow can be directed parallel to the dividing wall 46 and the reference line A.
  • Every second primary air nozzle 52 , or group of second primary air nozzles 52 blowing into each induction duct, may also be closed in a manner known in the art, in order to allow the third induction duct 42 , for example, to be shut off whilst the fourth induction duct 42 ′ continues to operate, or vice-versa.
  • the construction according to the enhanced embodiment 20 ′′′ means that, because only the second primary air nozzles 52 project into the third and fourth induction ducts 42 , 42 ′ through isolated points in the plane third wall 44 and fourth wall 44 ′ respectively, the second primary air nozzles 52 affect the flow resistance in each of the induction ducts 42 , 42 ′ to a substantially lesser degree than the waist 32 running transversely to the reference line A in preceding embodiments.
  • the heat exchanger may, where appropriate, as shown by the dashed defining lines of the heat exchanger across the upstream end, be omitted and the induction unit used, for example, for mixing circulated air with fresh air in specific proportions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
US13/144,052 2009-01-26 2009-12-23 Induction unit for uniting air flows Abandoned US20120015600A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0950029-9 2009-01-26
SE0950029A SE533440C2 (sv) 2009-01-26 2009-01-26 Induktionsapparat för sammanföring av luftflöden
PCT/SE2009/051499 WO2010085194A1 (en) 2009-01-26 2009-12-23 Induction unit for uniting air flows

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US20120015600A1 true US20120015600A1 (en) 2012-01-19

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US13/144,052 Abandoned US20120015600A1 (en) 2009-01-26 2009-12-23 Induction unit for uniting air flows

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US20120015600A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP2382423B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN102292600B (zh)
AU (1) AU2009338225A1 (zh)
NZ (1) NZ594194A (zh)
SE (1) SE533440C2 (zh)
WO (1) WO2010085194A1 (zh)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110165832A1 (en) * 2010-08-25 2011-07-07 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Electric compartment exhaust duct with enhanced air cooling features
US20120270494A1 (en) * 2011-04-20 2012-10-25 Mccarty Daniel P Displacement-induction neutral wall air terminal unit
JP2013226859A (ja) * 2012-04-24 2013-11-07 Denso Corp 空気吹出装置
US20150107802A1 (en) * 2012-03-16 2015-04-23 Oy Halton Group Ltd. Chilled beam with multiple modes
US20160311541A1 (en) * 2015-04-27 2016-10-27 Mitsubishi Aircraft Corporation Duct structure which discharges air through air pressure regulating valve and aircraft
US20170067689A1 (en) * 2014-03-27 2017-03-09 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Pumping equipment cooling system
US20190086104A1 (en) * 2013-02-20 2019-03-21 Air Distribution Technologies Ip, Llc Induction displacement unit
CN110173786A (zh) * 2018-08-24 2019-08-27 格哈德德纳 一种室内送风装置
CN112212443A (zh) * 2020-10-27 2021-01-12 西安建筑科技大学 一种带环形风口的送风装置及其设计方法
US11168951B2 (en) * 2016-07-14 2021-11-09 General Electric Company Entrainment heat exchanger
US11204192B2 (en) * 2018-06-15 2021-12-21 Johnson Controls Technology Company Adjustable duct for HVAC system
US20230202263A1 (en) * 2019-07-31 2023-06-29 The Boeing Company Passenger cabin air distribution system and method of using

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CN102444934B (zh) * 2010-09-30 2016-06-01 海尔集团公司 一种具有空气放大器的空调器
JP5786686B2 (ja) * 2011-11-30 2015-09-30 株式会社富士通ゼネラル 空気調和機
JP5786688B2 (ja) * 2011-11-30 2015-09-30 株式会社富士通ゼネラル 空気調和機
JP5786687B2 (ja) * 2011-11-30 2015-09-30 株式会社富士通ゼネラル 空気調和機
CN104648674A (zh) * 2013-11-22 2015-05-27 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 一种低阻风扇辅助引射进气装置
CN112923439A (zh) * 2019-12-06 2021-06-08 广东美的白色家电技术创新中心有限公司 新风系统和冷媒循环系统

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US20060211365A1 (en) * 2003-03-24 2006-09-21 Vladimir Petrovic Induction diffuser
US20080200112A1 (en) * 2007-02-16 2008-08-21 Halton Oy Supply Air Terminal Device
US7997965B2 (en) * 2005-07-15 2011-08-16 Carrier Corporation Air conditioning system
US8469783B2 (en) * 2006-01-16 2013-06-25 Halton Oy Supply air terminal device and method for regulating the airflow rate

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US3465814A (en) * 1968-03-12 1969-09-09 Carrier Corp Air conditioning terminal
US3654944A (en) * 1969-10-29 1972-04-11 Johnson Service Co Fluid mixing control apparatus
US4031951A (en) * 1973-11-21 1977-06-28 Luwa Ag Air climatizing device
US3981326A (en) * 1974-02-28 1976-09-21 Mitco Corporation Induction mixing nozzle
US4113176A (en) * 1976-04-21 1978-09-12 Nicholas Caknis Air-conditioning
US4090434A (en) * 1977-03-07 1978-05-23 Connor Engineering & Manufacturing, Inc. Variable induction apparatus with a primary fluid flow controlled induction damper
US4446774A (en) * 1980-05-19 1984-05-08 Gershon Meckler Air conditioning apparatus
US5127878A (en) * 1980-09-05 1992-07-07 Camp Dresser & Mckee Mixing box
US4858519A (en) * 1980-09-05 1989-08-22 Gershon Meckler Mixing box
US4448111A (en) * 1981-01-02 1984-05-15 Doherty Robert Variable venturi, variable volume, air induction input for an air conditioning system
US4913036A (en) * 1981-10-26 1990-04-03 Gershon Meckler Mixing box
US4711162A (en) * 1984-10-30 1987-12-08 Flakt, Ab Method of ventilating rooms
US5107687A (en) * 1989-03-12 1992-04-28 Ventilplafon, S.A. Air conditioning system
US6004204A (en) * 1995-03-10 1999-12-21 Luminis Pty Ltd. Induction nozzle and arrangement
US5636993A (en) * 1995-06-14 1997-06-10 Polar Refrigeration Sales & Service Ltd. Air inductor device for controlled fresh air intake in an air heating system
US6139425A (en) * 1999-04-23 2000-10-31 Air Handling Engineering Ltd. High efficiency air mixer
US6213867B1 (en) * 2000-01-12 2001-04-10 Air Handling Engineering Ltd. Venturi type air distribution system
US20020056545A1 (en) * 2000-11-24 2002-05-16 Halton Oy Supply air terminal device
US6715538B2 (en) * 2000-11-24 2004-04-06 Halton Oy Supply air terminal device
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US20060183419A1 (en) * 2005-02-17 2006-08-17 York International Corporation Air handling unit mixing method and system
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US20080200112A1 (en) * 2007-02-16 2008-08-21 Halton Oy Supply Air Terminal Device

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110165832A1 (en) * 2010-08-25 2011-07-07 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Electric compartment exhaust duct with enhanced air cooling features
US20120270494A1 (en) * 2011-04-20 2012-10-25 Mccarty Daniel P Displacement-induction neutral wall air terminal unit
US9551496B2 (en) * 2011-04-20 2017-01-24 Dan P. McCarty Displacement-induction neutral wall air terminal unit
US9982899B2 (en) 2011-04-20 2018-05-29 Daniel P. McCarty Displacement-induction neutral wall air terminal unit
US20150107802A1 (en) * 2012-03-16 2015-04-23 Oy Halton Group Ltd. Chilled beam with multiple modes
US9920950B2 (en) * 2012-03-16 2018-03-20 Oy Halton Group Ltd. Chilled beam with multiple modes
JP2013226859A (ja) * 2012-04-24 2013-11-07 Denso Corp 空気吹出装置
US11668475B2 (en) * 2013-02-20 2023-06-06 Air Distribution Technologies Ip, Llc Induction displacement unit
US20190086104A1 (en) * 2013-02-20 2019-03-21 Air Distribution Technologies Ip, Llc Induction displacement unit
US20170067689A1 (en) * 2014-03-27 2017-03-09 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Pumping equipment cooling system
US20160311541A1 (en) * 2015-04-27 2016-10-27 Mitsubishi Aircraft Corporation Duct structure which discharges air through air pressure regulating valve and aircraft
US10315775B2 (en) * 2015-04-27 2019-06-11 Mitsubishi Aircraft Corporation Duct structure which discharges air through air pressure regulating valve and aircraft
US11168951B2 (en) * 2016-07-14 2021-11-09 General Electric Company Entrainment heat exchanger
US11204192B2 (en) * 2018-06-15 2021-12-21 Johnson Controls Technology Company Adjustable duct for HVAC system
CN110173786A (zh) * 2018-08-24 2019-08-27 格哈德德纳 一种室内送风装置
US20230202263A1 (en) * 2019-07-31 2023-06-29 The Boeing Company Passenger cabin air distribution system and method of using
CN112212443A (zh) * 2020-10-27 2021-01-12 西安建筑科技大学 一种带环形风口的送风装置及其设计方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE0950029A1 (sv) 2010-07-27
SE533440C2 (sv) 2010-09-28
CN102292600B (zh) 2014-01-08
EP2382423A1 (en) 2011-11-02
EP2382423A4 (en) 2012-11-21
EP2382423B1 (en) 2018-10-24
AU2009338225A1 (en) 2011-08-11
NZ594194A (en) 2013-09-27
WO2010085194A1 (en) 2010-07-29
CN102292600A (zh) 2011-12-21

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