US20110244780A1 - Equipment for renewing air in a plurality of rooms by means of a dual-flow heat exchanger provided in each room - Google Patents

Equipment for renewing air in a plurality of rooms by means of a dual-flow heat exchanger provided in each room Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110244780A1
US20110244780A1 US13/139,695 US200913139695A US2011244780A1 US 20110244780 A1 US20110244780 A1 US 20110244780A1 US 200913139695 A US200913139695 A US 200913139695A US 2011244780 A1 US2011244780 A1 US 2011244780A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
room
heat exchanger
dual
flow
airflow
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Abandoned
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US13/139,695
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English (en)
Inventor
Pierre Vironneau
Bernard Seosse
Pierre Aphecetche
Frédéric Caramanos
Pascal Cazeres
Alain Avril
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Individual
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
    • F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
    • F24F12/006—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using an air-to-air heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
    • F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
    • F24F7/08—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit with separate ducts for supplied and exhausted air with provisions for reversal of the input and output systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
    • F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
    • F24F2012/007—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using a by-pass for bypassing the heat-exchanger
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/56—Heat recovery units

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to equipment for renewing the air in a plurality of rooms, comprising a single-flow airflow generator located outside the said plurality of rooms, for common extraction of polluted air from the plurality of rooms.
  • the prior art includes several equipment of this type.
  • a single-flow controlled mechanical ventilation equipment referred to as single-flow CMV
  • a single-flow airflow generator 102 generally consisting of a fan installed outside the room 101 , for example in the attic space of a dwelling, which renews the air in a room via the inlet and outlet openings 152 , 153 for air entering and exiting the room 101 , provided at two generally opposite locations in the room, for example under a door 150 for the outlet of air from the room 101 and on the frame of a window-type opening 151 for the entry of air into the room 101 from the external environment.
  • the expression external environment is understood to mean the gaseous fluid environment outside the dwelling, and therefore outside the room or rooms of the structure in which the air is to be renewed.
  • the single-flow CMV equipment includes a collecting duct 120 for the air extracted from the rooms of the dwelling by the common airflow generator 102 for extraction of polluted air from all the rooms in which air renewal is required, this duct normally emerging in a location of the dwelling separated by a door from each room in which it is desired to renew the air by means of the airflow generator 102 .
  • the arrows show the direction of movement of the fluid masses for the purpose of air renewal in the room; a single room is shown, but the CMV equipment makes it possible, as indicated above, for the air to be renewed simultaneously in several rooms of the same dwelling.
  • the entry of air into a room is accomplished by creating negative pressure in the room influenced by the airflow generator 102 , causing fresh air to penetrate into the room from the external environment via openings formed in the window or the like.
  • the air is extracted via individualised extraction and the air intake is individualised and specific to each room.
  • the air intake into the room is generally humidity-controlled, that is to say the airflow entering the room is automatically adjusted depending on the internal humidity level so as to provide good quality air.
  • a disadvantage of such equipment is that the outgoing air is at room temperature whereas the incoming air is at outside temperature, thereby causing a change in room temperature as the air is renewed and generally a loss of energy and/or significant discomfort occurs.
  • dual-flow CMV dual-flow controlled mechanical ventilation system
  • dual-flow generator 160 consisting, for example, of a double fan, installed outside the room 101 , and outside the dwelling, and which renews the air in a room via the air inlet opening 152 and outlet opening 153 to and from the room 101 , formed at two generally opposite locations in the room, for example in the ceiling and the wall and connected to the dual-flow generator 160 by individualised air inlet and extraction ducts 161 , 162 , via common inlet and extraction 163 , 120 , as shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 2 the arrows show the direction of movement of the fluid masses for the purpose of air renewal in the room; a single room is shown but the dual-flow CMV equipment is able, by virtue of common ducts as indicated above, to renew the air simultaneously in several rooms in the same dwelling with a common dual-flow generator.
  • the air extraction and air inlet for each room is not individualised but centralised using a common dual-flow generator.
  • An advantage of such dual-flow equipment is the ability to control the temperature of the air introduced into the room, from the dual-flow generator 160 which includes a heat exchanger, and in particular the use of outgoing air to cool or heat the incoming air, thereby reducing energy consumption.
  • a drawback of such equipment is that there is no possibility to individually regulate the parameters of the air for each room, in particular the temperature.
  • the common air inlet ducts have the drawback of causing pollution, particularly of the bacteriological kind, in the rooms served by these ducts.
  • a further drawback is the fact that the air inlet ducts to the rooms, both common and individual, must be particularly well insulated in order to preserve the parameters of the incoming air, defined by the common heat exchanger 160 located far away from the rooms where the air is renewed; such insulation substantially increases the cost of these ducts.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome these drawbacks and to provide other advantages. More precisely, it consists of equipment for renewing the air in a plurality of rooms, including:
  • the present invention offers the advantages of a single-flow air renewal equipment and of a dual-flow air renewal equipment of the prior art, without the drawbacks of either one or the other of these two prior art solutions.
  • each room there is interposed an individual heat exchanger between the air inlet into the room and the air outlet from the room, while at the same time having centralised air extraction from all of the ventilated rooms by means of a common single-flow generator, advantageously a single unit, located outside the plurality of the rooms, thus enabling in particular and advantageously the simultaneous renewal of the air in several rooms by means of the same generator.
  • the air extraction is advantageously collected from each room in a common duct arriving at the single-flow generator.
  • Air inlet is individualised in the rooms.
  • a reduction in the length and cross-section of the air supply ducts to the rooms is thereby obtained, while enabling each of these ducts to follow a minimum route between the inlet of the individualised heat exchanger and the external environment, hence reducing costs and the risk of pollution.
  • the pollution risk is thus divided and is thereby limited to one room and independently from one room to another. Total individualised control of the air renewal in a room is also achieved.
  • the said air inlet duct into the room has a length equal to or greater than the thickness of a separating wall between the said room and the outside.
  • This characteristic makes it possible to minimise the cross-section and length of the air inlet duct into the room and thus to minimise the cost of maintaining the duct and the risks of air pollution inside the room.
  • the length of the ductwork is also reduced, thereby reducing pressure losses, in turn reducing the energy consumption of the generator.
  • the said extraction duct removing the air from the room passes through a separating wall between the said room and an air extraction collecting duct.
  • the collecting duct can advantageously serve as a duct for the removal of condensate.
  • the said dual-flow heat exchanger is disposed against a wall or a partition inside the said room.
  • the said dual-flow heat exchanger is disposed inside a wall or a partition defining the said room.
  • wall is understood to mean the complex constituting the exterior skin of the structure comprising an insulating portion and a mechanically strong structural portion.
  • the said dual-flow heat exchanger is disposed in the frame of an opening in the said room, separating the said room from the outside.
  • the heat exchanger can be concealed and out of view for the occupants of the room.
  • the said dual-flow heat exchanger is a passive heat exchanger which does not include its own means for generating an airflow designed to pass through it.
  • This characteristic makes it possible to simplify the equipment according to the invention and minimises its energy consumption. It provides the generation of a dual flow inside the heat exchanger, from a single-flow generator which generates negative pressure in the room. Furthermore, it advantageously provides the generation of a dual flow through all of the heat exchangers in all of the rooms, from a single common dual-flow generator.
  • the said dual-flow heat exchanger includes means for heating the incoming airflow, in addition to the heat-exchange wall of the said dual-flow heat exchanger.
  • This characteristic makes it possible to individualise the heating temperature for each room of the dwelling and therefore to differentiate the temperatures according to specific zones within the dwelling.
  • the said dual-flow heat exchanger includes means for cooling the incoming airflow, in addition to the heat-exchange wall of the said dual-flow heat exchanger.
  • This characteristic makes it possible to individualise the reduction of the heating temperature in each room of the dwelling and therefore to differentiate the temperatures according to specific zones within the dwelling.
  • the equipment according to the invention comprising means for controlling the incoming airflow entering the room, actuated by means for detecting the presence of humans or animals in the said room.
  • This characteristic makes it possible to assist or to force the entry of air into the room, advantageously and solely when the room is occupied.
  • the means of controlling the incoming airflow into the room can include means for generating the incoming airflow of the turbine type.
  • This flow generating means can include any type of fan, turbine, or the like. It serves to assist the airflow generator to force the incoming air into the room as the case may be. This flow generating means also makes it possible to place a given room individually under positive pressure so as to prevent any uncontrolled air ingress, and therefore to avoid the ingress of external pollutants into the said room from the common areas of the structure exterior to the said room.
  • the equipment according to the invention includes means for defrosting the said dual-flow heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a first example embodiment of equipment for renewing the air in a room according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a second example embodiment of equipment for renewing the air in a room, according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of an example embodiment of equipment for renewing the air in a plurality of rooms according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows an enlarged and isolated detail of the example in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing the application of the example embodiment of the equipment for renewing the air in a plurality of rooms according to FIG. 3 .
  • the equipment for renewing the air in a plurality of rooms 1 shown in FIG. 3 or 5 and partially in FIG. 4 , and more precisely two rooms in the example, includes:
  • the common single-flow airflow generator 2 is a generator of a known type, for example used as part of a single-flow CMV equipment of the prior art for example as described above; it can consist of a single fan which creates a single-direction airflow in the air extraction duct 15 .
  • FIG. 3 or 5 it will be noted that two rooms 1 are shown, in which the air is renewed by the common generator 2 , but that this generator can advantageously be common for the extraction of air from several rooms in the same dwelling, house, building, etc., via the collecting duct 20 as shown.
  • the power rating of the generator 2 will therefore depend on the number of rooms to be served.
  • the generator 2 can be located inside or outside the dwelling, but outside the rooms in which it is required to renew the air, as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the collecting duct 20 can, as shown, serve as a duct for the removal of condensate originating from the heat-exchange wall 12 , under the effect of gravity.
  • Example of dual-flow heat exchanger 3 is represented in detail in FIG. 4 .
  • a dual-flow heat exchanger with counter current is usually preferred, inlet airflow 10 and outlet airflow 11 moving from one side to the other of the heat exchange wall 12 in opposite directions.
  • Heat exchanger 3 is preferably of an elongated casing shape 22 inside which exchange wall 12 separates the inner ducts for flow inlet 8 and outlet 9 in the longitudinal direction of casing 22 .
  • An inlet opening 4 is located at one end of casing/envelope 22 , and air outlet opening 5 located at the opposite end, longitudinally, of casing 1 , inlet inner duct 8 thus running along most of the total length of casing 22 .
  • Inlet openings 6 and outlet 7 in inner duct 9 of the heat exchanger are both located at the same end of casing 22 , that of inlet opening 4 of inner duct 8 of airflow inlet 10 , as represented in FIG. 4 .
  • Heat exchanger 3 has a longitudinal double bend 23 which forces outgoing airflow 11 to attack heat exchange wall 12 to its end, near the opening of outlet of inner duct 8 , and to leave heat exchanger 3 after having run along the length of said exchange wall 12 , to the end of it where inlet opening 4 of inner duct 8 of incoming airflow inlet 10 is located.
  • Inner duct 9 of outgoing airflow 11 includes a first part along which incoming air first runs along the length of casing 22 , and then a second part, successive to the first, in which outgoing airflow 11 runs along casing 22 , in opposite direction, said second part of inner duct 9 being in contact with exchange wall 12 , as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • outgoing airflow 11 changes sides of double bend 23 , the latter being, for example, made of an insulating rigid material.
  • dual-flow heat exchanger 3 of each room 1 is located, for example, against a wall 18 or a partition 21 inside room 1 , so that, in accordance with the invention, an air intake 18 in room 1 , which can be an allocated or individual duct 16 with regard to this room, in which only incoming flow of air 10 circulates; said air inlet duct 16 then preferably being of the same length, or approximately of the same length, or of a higher length than the thickness of a partition wall 18 between room 1 and external environment 17 .
  • Inlet opening 4 of exchanger 3 corresponds to the outlet of air inlet duct 16 and air inlet duct 16 can take the shape of an opening in the wall, advantageously equipped with all necessary protection against weather conditions or the penetration of insects (not shown).
  • air inlet duct 16 can pass through another room to connect to the external environment or pass through a housing embedded in a wall or in an appropriate space to meet up with said connection to the external environment.
  • Each air extraction duct 15 outside each room 1 passes through a separating wall 19 between room 1 and extraction collecting duct 20 for air extraction as represented in FIG. 3 .
  • said air extraction duct 15 can be required to pass through room 1 and then through partition 21 of that room to meet up with the extraction collecting duct 20 which connects to common generator 2 as represented in FIG. 3 .
  • Said individual extraction duct 15 which then becomes collective 20 , can be advantageously provided to make provision for the condensate.
  • Extraction duct 15 can be located in a wall or partition, on the ground or in the ceiling or in a space in the construction intended for the passage of ducts.
  • dual-flow heat exchanger 3 can be located inside a wall or a partition of each room 1 , or yet again in the frame of an opening of the room 1 , separating the latter from the external environment 17 (not shown), for example in the casing of a roller blind.
  • dual-flow heat exchanger 3 is a passive exchanger which does not have its own means to generate a flow of air able to pass through it. It then operates as a result of a partial vacuum caused in room 1 by generator 2 via inner duct 9 from heat exchanger 3 , which causes an incoming airflow 10 in room 1 via the inlet inner duct 8 of the entering airflow 10 from the heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 5 represents a plurality of rooms where, in order to make the figure clearer and the heat exchangers more visible, we have intentionally not represented ceilings and represented walls as “transparent”.
  • numerical references are those of FIG. 3 as there is only a simple difference in performance compared to it.
  • air inlet duct 16 is individualised in each room 1 from a plurality of rooms 1 .
  • Each individualised air inlet duct 16 for each room 1 has the advantage of being of low length and of low diameter as explained above, and in particular equal to the length of the wall separating one room 1 from the external environment.
  • the polluted air extraction collecting duct 20 is connected to the polluted air extraction common single flow generator 2 for the plurality of rooms.
  • the dual-flow heat exchanger can include methods of heating (not shown) for the incoming airflow 10 , in addition to exchange wall 12 of dual-flow heat exchanger 3 .
  • heat exchanger 3 can be used to provide heat energy to incoming airflow 10 , over and above that which is transferred to it by the air exiting via heat exchange wall 12 .
  • This can be useful when the external environment is at a very low temperature and for when desired to also use heat exchanger 3 as a heating apparatus.
  • Such means of heating can be carried out, as is known, using an electronic heating pump, for example of the Peltier Seebeck effect, or by any known appropriate additional means to heat incoming air.
  • a dual-flow heat exchanger 3 includes cooling equipment (not shown) for incoming airflow 10 , additional to an exchange wall 12 of dual-flow heat exchanger 3 .
  • the heat exchanger 3 can also be used to withdraw heat energy from incoming airflow 10 , notably to reduce the temperature of the incoming airflow 10 , in particular in excess of the reduction induced by outgoing airflow 9 when it is at a temperature lower than that of the incoming air.
  • These methods for cooling and refreshment can be carried out, as is known, with an electronic heat pump of the Peltier Seebeck effect type, for example, or by flowing micro-particles of water on the surface of the heat exchanger wall on which the outgoing air passes, or by any known appropriate additional means to cool the heat exchanger partition.
  • the equipment according to the invention can include control equipment (not shown) for incoming airflow 10 into room 1 , using detecting equipment for human or animal presence in room 1 , comprising, for example, a generator of airflow such as a fan, turbine or equipment of a similar type.
  • control equipment for incoming airflow 10 into room 1
  • detecting equipment for human or animal presence in room 1 comprising, for example, a generator of airflow such as a fan, turbine or equipment of a similar type.
  • the purpose of such an incoming airflow generator is to increase the flow of incoming airflow 10 under the effect of the common generator 2 , when a person or an animal is present in the room, in order to accelerate, for example, the heating or the cooling of the incoming air when the heat exchanger is equipped with such equipment, which can be coupled to a generator of airflow such as a fan, turbine or equipment of a similar type.
  • One added effect of a generator of airflow such as a fan, turbine or equipment of a similar type is to increase the pressure inside the room, as against the slight vacuum induced by the main generator 2 .
  • Said generator of airflow such as fan, turbine or equipment of a similar type can be associated to an air inlet duct 16 or to the inner duct 8 for incoming airflow heat exchanger 3 .
  • the generator of airflow such as fan, turbine or equipment of a similar type favourably serves to modulate the flow by electronic regulation. Presence detecting equipment provides individualised control for each room on the airflow entering into the room.
  • the equipment corresponding to the invention may include defrosting equipment (not shown) for heat exchanger 3 , using electrical components for example, or by means of a hot water battery. Individualisation of heat exchangers 3 in rooms 1 enables “distributed” defrosting, thus avoiding general stoppage and general restarting of the equipment.
  • the equipment corresponding to the invention may favourably include filter equipment (not shown) for the air entering the heat exchanger.
  • This filtering equipment can be of a known form, for example a removable cassette, or similar.
  • Such filtering equipment also provides individual filtration of the air in the room.
US13/139,695 2008-12-15 2009-12-14 Equipment for renewing air in a plurality of rooms by means of a dual-flow heat exchanger provided in each room Abandoned US20110244780A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0858576A FR2939873B1 (fr) 2008-12-15 2008-12-15 Installation pour renouveler l'air d'une piece a partir d'un echangeur thermique double flux dispose a l'interieur
FR0858576 2008-12-15
PCT/FR2009/052522 WO2010076472A1 (fr) 2008-12-15 2009-12-14 Installation pour renouveler l'air d'une pluralite de pieces a partir d'un echangeur thermique double flux dispose a l'interieur de chaque piece

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US20110244780A1 true US20110244780A1 (en) 2011-10-06

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US13/139,695 Abandoned US20110244780A1 (en) 2008-12-15 2009-12-14 Equipment for renewing air in a plurality of rooms by means of a dual-flow heat exchanger provided in each room

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US (1) US20110244780A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2370747A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102317696A (fr)
CA (1) CA2745461A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2939873B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010076472A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4223109A1 (fr) * 2022-02-01 2023-08-09 Schauer Agrotronic GmbH Installation de production d'énergie pour récupérer la chaleur perdue
JP7345414B2 (ja) 2020-03-13 2023-09-15 三機工業株式会社 局所排気装置

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109163409A (zh) * 2018-09-05 2019-01-08 孔维连 用于楼宇的空气净化系统
FR3093555B1 (fr) * 2019-03-06 2022-12-09 Viessmann Werke Kg Canal de circulation d’air en double flux, notamment pour installation de chauffage d'eau

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JPH0396418A (ja) * 1989-09-08 1991-04-22 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 空気調和装置
US5586448A (en) * 1994-07-06 1996-12-24 Sanden Corporation Defrosting control system for use in an air-conditioner in an electric vehicle

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JPH0396418A (ja) * 1989-09-08 1991-04-22 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 空気調和装置
US5586448A (en) * 1994-07-06 1996-12-24 Sanden Corporation Defrosting control system for use in an air-conditioner in an electric vehicle

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP7345414B2 (ja) 2020-03-13 2023-09-15 三機工業株式会社 局所排気装置
EP4223109A1 (fr) * 2022-02-01 2023-08-09 Schauer Agrotronic GmbH Installation de production d'énergie pour récupérer la chaleur perdue

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2745461A1 (fr) 2010-07-08
WO2010076472A1 (fr) 2010-07-08
FR2939873A1 (fr) 2010-06-18
CN102317696A (zh) 2012-01-11
FR2939873B1 (fr) 2012-08-24
EP2370747A1 (fr) 2011-10-05

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