US20110226415A1 - Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Mass - Google Patents

Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Mass Download PDF

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US20110226415A1
US20110226415A1 US12/995,393 US99539309A US2011226415A1 US 20110226415 A1 US20110226415 A1 US 20110226415A1 US 99539309 A US99539309 A US 99539309A US 2011226415 A1 US2011226415 A1 US 2011226415A1
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adhesive
block copolymer
pressure
fraction
optical
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Marc Husemann
Thorsten Krawinkel
Daniel KLIER
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Tesa SE
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Tesa SE
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J153/00—Adhesives based on block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J153/005—Modified block copolymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J151/00—Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J151/006—Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to block copolymers containing at least one sequence of polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J153/00—Adhesives based on block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J153/02—Vinyl aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes
    • C09J153/025—Vinyl aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes modified
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2367/00—Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2312/00—Crosslinking
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
    • C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L57/00—Compositions of unspecified polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C08L57/02—Copolymers of mineral oil hydrocarbons

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the use of a pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) for bonding optical components, more particularly optical films, as claimed in claim 1 .
  • PSA pressure-sensitive adhesive
  • PSAs are nowadays very diverse. In the industrial sector, accordingly, there exist a very wide variety of applications.
  • Adhesive tapes based on PSAs are used in particularly high numbers in the electronics segment or in the consumer electronics segment. Owing to the high numbers of units, pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes can be deployed here very rapidly and easily, meaning that other operations, such as riveting or welding, for example, would be too costly and complicated. Besides their normal joining function, these pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes may be required to take on additional functions. Examples thereof might include thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity or else an optical function. In the latter case, for example, pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes are used which have light-absorbing or light-reflecting functions. Another optical function, for example, is a suitable light transmittance.
  • pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes and PSAs are used that are very trans-parent, have no intrinsic coloration, and also possess a high light stability.
  • Areas of application are, for example, the bonding of touch panels to an LCD or OLED display, or the bonding of ITO films (indium tin oxide) for capacitive touch panels.
  • a PSA for optical purposes, as well as the joining function has the function of excluding air, since air has a refractive index of 1 and the optical films or glasses have a refractive index which is generally much larger.
  • air has a refractive index of 1 and the optical films or glasses have a refractive index which is generally much larger.
  • the difference in refractive indices leads to reflection, which reduces the transmission.
  • anti-reflection coatings which facilitate the transition of the light into the optical component, and reduce reflection.
  • An alternative or additional option is to use an optical PSA with a refractive index similar to that of the optical component. This significantly minimizes the reflection from the optical component, and increases the transmission.
  • Optical components such as films or glasses, generally have a relatively high refractive index, and so there is a need for PSAs with likewise a high refractive index.
  • the majority of substrates to be bonded for optical purposes have a refractive index in the range from about 1.45 to about 1.70.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,703,463 B2 describes acrylate PSAs with a refractive index of below 1.40. This is achieved by fluorinated acrylate monomers. The fractive index is well below the required range.
  • JP 2002-363523 A discloses acrylate PSAs having a refractive index of between 1.40 and 1.46. Here again, fluorinated acrylate monomers are used. The refractive index is still well below the required range.
  • pressure-sensitive adhesive acrylate tapes such as 3M 8141, for example, having a refractive index in the range from 1.47 to 1.48.
  • US 2002/0098352 A1 in turn describes acrylate PSAs with aromatic comonomers. These acrylate PSAs have a refractive index of 1.49-1.65.
  • EP 1 652 889 A1 describes PSA formulations for optical applications that are based on polydiorganosiloxanes. Silicone compounds, however, generally have a low refractive index, and so the PSAs described are not very suitable as optical PSAs.
  • An optical PSA of this kind ought further to have a high transmittance and to possess high UV stability.
  • the adhesive of the invention may also comprise further constituents.
  • the adhesive of the invention has in particular a fraction of at least 30%, preferably at least 35%, by weight of acid anhydride-modified vinylaromatic block copolymer.
  • the fraction thereof ought not to exceed the threshold of 70%, preferably of 60%, by weight.
  • the fraction of the metal chelates in the adhesive is preferably 0.01% to 2%, more preferably 0.1% to 1%, by weight.
  • the fraction of tackifier resin is preferably 20% to 70%, more preferably 30% to 60% by weight. This fraction of tackifier resin may be obtained by means of a single tackifier resin; it is also possible, however, to use mixtures of different tackifier resins.
  • Optical components designed for transmittance ought to have values for the transmittance T( ⁇ ) that are close to 1. This is achieved when the fraction of reflected light p( ⁇ ) and the fraction of absorbed light a( ⁇ ) are reduced in their amount as far as possible.
  • PSAs based on synthetic rubber normally have no significant absorption in the visible range, i.e., in the wavelength range between 400 nm and 700 nm. This can be easily verified by measurements with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Critical interest therefore attaches to p( ⁇ ). Reflection is an interface phenomenon which is dependent on the refractive indices n d,i of two phases i that are in contact, in accordance with the Fresnel equation:
  • ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ ) ( n d , 2 - n d , 1 n d , 2 ⁇ + n d , 1 ) 2 ( 2 )
  • the adhesive is based on a mixture of acid anhydride-modified vinylaromatic block copolymer, metal chelate, and at least one tackifier resin.
  • the adhesive comprises as acid anhydride-modified vinylaromatic block copolymer preferably such based on block copolymers comprising polymer blocks formed of vinylaromatics (A blocks) and at least one of the following B blocks:
  • Blocks from polymerization of 1,3-dienes 2. Blocks from polyisoprene 3. Blocks from mixtures of 1,3-dienes and vinylaromatics, the vinylaromatic fraction in the B blocks not exceeding 50% 4. Mixtures of 1,3-dienes and polyisobutylene.
  • Ressultant block copolymers may comprise identical or different B blocks.
  • the block copolymers are preferably partly, selectively or fully hydrogenated.
  • Block copolymers may have linear A-B-A structure.
  • Further components present may include A-B diblock copolymers. All of the aforementioned polymers may be utilized alone or in a mixture with one another.
  • At least some of the block copolymers used are acid- or acid anhydride-modified, the modification taking place primarily through radical graft copolymerization of unsaturated monocarboxylic and polycarboxylic anhydrides, such as maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride or citraconic anhydride, for example, preferably maleic anhydride.
  • the fraction of the acid anhydride is preferably between 0.5% and 4% by weight, based on the overall block copolymer. With a fraction of less than 0.5% by weight, a sufficient effect is not reliably ensured, while a fraction higher than 4% by weight cannot readily be grafted on.
  • block copolymers are available, for example, under the name Kraton FG 1901 and Kraton FG 1924 from Kraton, and Tuftec M 1913 and Tuftec M 1943 from Asahi.
  • the adhesive more particularly as a pressure-sensitive adhesive, preferably has a fraction of 20% to 70% by weight of vinylaromatic block copolymer, preferably of 30% to 60% by weight, and more preferably of 35% to 55% by weight.
  • the entire fraction of block copolymers need not be anhydride- or acid-modified. If the elastomeric fraction is higher or lower, the adhesive is not pressure-sensitively adhesive in every case.
  • the described adhesive more particularly the PSA, utilizes as a main component, in particular, tackifier resins which are compatible with the elastomer block of the vinylaromatic block copolymers.
  • tackifier resins which are compatible with the elastomer block of the vinylaromatic block copolymers.
  • the fraction of these compatible resins ought to account in total for at least 50% by weight of the tackifier resins.
  • Preferential suitability is possessed inter alia by unhydrogenated, partially hydrogenated or fully hydrogenated resins based on rosin and rosin derivatives, by hydrogenated polymers of dicyclopentadiene, by unhydrogenated or partially, selectively or fully hydrogenated hydrocarbon resins based on C-5, C-5/C-9 or C-9 monomer streams, by polyterpene resins based on ⁇ -pinene and/or ⁇ -pinene and/or ⁇ -limonene, and by hydrogenated polymers of preferably pure C-8 and C-9 aromatics.
  • Aforementioned tackifier resins may be used both alone and in a mixture.
  • the (pressure-sensitive) adhesive may comprise, moreover, a large number of further blending components for the purpose of setting specific properties.
  • Further additives that may typically be utilized include the following:
  • the adhesive may be one which is already in pressure-sensitively adhesive form, i.e., requires no further activation.
  • the pressure-sensitive adhesiveness of the adhesive is brought about only through activation, such as a thermal activation or a solvent activation.
  • the modification of the pressure-sensitive adhesiveness is dependent in particular on the fraction of tackifier resins and also on the elastomer-to-resin ratio.
  • the metals of the metal chelates are those from main groups 2, 3, 4 and/or 5 of the Periodic Table and/or the transition metals. Particularly suitable are aluminum, tin, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, and cerium. Particularly preferred is aluminum.
  • the metal chelates are reproduced by the following formula:
  • Preferred chelate ligands are those formed from the reaction of the following compounds: triethanolamine, 2,4-pentanedione, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexane-diol or lactic acid.
  • Particularly preferred crosslinkers are aluminum acetylacetonates.
  • an approximately equivalent ratio between the acid anhydride groups of the elastomer, in other words of the acid anhydride-modified vinylaromatic block copolymer, and the acetylacetonate groups of the metal chelate ought to be selected, in order to achieve optimum crosslinking, with a small excess of crosslinker having emerged as being positive.
  • Complex-type bonding between the acid anhydride groups and the acetylacetonate groups results in the desired crosslinking.
  • the ratio between anhydride groups and acetylacetonate groups can be varied, but for sufficient crosslinking neither of the two groups ought to be present in more than a fivefold molar excess.
  • the block copolymer compositions do not soften even at relatively moderate temperatures, but instead withstand intact the customary operations at up to 85° C. climatic cycling temperature.
  • Climatic cycling temperature refers in the present case to a repeated change in temperature, more particularly in a temperature range from ⁇ 40° C. to 85° C.
  • a further requirement of a (pressure-sensitive) adhesive for optical use is its neutrality, in other words a pH of between pH 6 and pH 8.
  • an optical adhesive ought not to contain any acid functions, which on contact with ITO films, for example, may negatively influence the electrical conductivity over a prolonged time period.
  • the above-described (pressure-sensitive) adhesive has specifically proven suitable for not disproportionately disrupting the electrical conductivity, despite containing acid functions.
  • the behavior of the adhesive is inert.
  • the adhesive can therefore be used also, in particular, for the bonding of ITO films in touch panels. Its pH is situated in particular in the range from pH 6 to pH 8.
  • light stabilizers in particular are added to the (pressure-sensitive) adhesive.
  • the addition of light stabilizers is made more particularly at a fraction from 0.1% to 2% by weight.
  • Light stabilizers selected are preferably substituted triazines.
  • the triazines are selected such that they have high compatibility with the synthetic rubber adhesives. This is achieved, for example, through substituents.
  • preferred embodiments of the triazines have at least one aromatic substituent. It is preferred to employ triazines having precisely 2 aromatic substituents, very preferably having precisely 3 aromatic substituents. These aromatics may themselves be substituted in turn by at least one aliphatic substituent. In its simplest form this may be a methyl group.
  • hydroxyl groups such as hydroxyl groups, ether groups, aliphatic chains having 2 to 20 C atoms, which may be linear, branched or cyclic and may also contain 1 to 5 O atoms in the form of ether groups, hydroxyl groups, ester groups and/or carbonate groups.
  • substituents such as hydroxyl groups, ether groups, aliphatic chains having 2 to 20 C atoms, which may be linear, branched or cyclic and may also contain 1 to 5 O atoms in the form of ether groups, hydroxyl groups, ester groups and/or carbonate groups.
  • substituted triazines of commercial nature are available from Ciba under the brand name Tinuvin®.
  • Tinuvin® 400, Tinuvin® 405, Tinuvin® 479, and Tinuvin® 477 are suitable triazines which can be used.
  • sterically hindered amines can be used. Particular preference is given to using substituted N-methylpiperidine derivatives. These are sterically hindered, for example, in position 1 and in position 5, by aliphatic groups, such as methyl groups, for example. It is particularly preferred to use four methyl groups for the steric hindrance. In order to achieve good solubility with the synthetic rubber adhesives and also in order to increase the evaporation temperature, long aliphatic substituents are used. The substituents may be linear, cyclic or branched.
  • They may contain up to 20 C atoms and/or may contain up to 8 O atoms, in the form, for example, of ester groups, ether groups, carbonate groups or hydroxyl groups.
  • O atoms in the form, for example, of ester groups, ether groups, carbonate groups or hydroxyl groups.
  • compounds having only one N-methylpiperidine group are also known, however, are dimeric N-methylpiperidine derivatives which have a light stabilizing function. These compounds may also be combined with the monomeric compounds.
  • sterically hindered phenols As aging inhibitors it is preferred to use sterically hindered phenols.
  • sterically hindered phenols have tert-butyl groups in both ortho-positions with respect to the hydroxyl group. In order to allow high solubility and a high evaporation temperature to be achieved, the sterically hindered phenols ought to have additional substitution.
  • the substituents may be linear, cyclic or branched. They may contain up to 20 C atoms and/or up to 8 O atoms, in the form, for example, of ester groups, ether groups, carbonate groups or hydroxyl groups. Examples of commercially available compounds include Irganox® 1135 or Irganox® 1330 from Ciba.
  • the fraction of aging inhibitors is preferably 0.1% to 2% by weight.
  • the combination of substituted phenols and aromatically substituted phosphites has emerged as being particularly advantageous.
  • the substituted phenols ought preferably to be at least doubly substituted and to contain at least one sulfur atom in both substituents.
  • S-containing sterically hindered phenols are Irganox® 1520 or Irganox® 1726 from Ciba.
  • aromatically substituted phosphites are Irgafos® 168, Irgafos® 126, Irgafos® 38, Irgafos® P-EPQ or Irgafos® 12 from Ciba.
  • FIG. 1 shows a single-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape
  • FIG. 2 shows a double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape
  • FIG. 3 shows a carrier-free pressure-sensitive adhesive tape (transfer tape)
  • FIG. 4 shows the bonding of a rear reinforcement plate of a touch panel
  • FIG. 5 shows the bonding of different layers of a touch panel.
  • FIG. 1 shows a single-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape 1 for use in the bonding of optical components, more particularly of optical films.
  • the pressure-sensitive adhesive tape 1 has an adhesive layer 2 produced by coating a PSA onto a carrier 3 .
  • the PSA coat weight is preferably between 5 and 250 g/m 2 .
  • the PSA is an adhesive formed from acid anhydride-modified vinylaromatic block copolymers, metal chelate, and a tackifer resin, as described above.
  • the PSA has a transmittance of at least 86% in particular in the visible range of light, so making it particularly suitable for optical application.
  • a transparent carrier 2 is also employed as carrier 2 .
  • the carrier 2 is therefore likewise transparent in the range of visible light, and hence preferably has a transmittance of—likewise—at least 86%.
  • a release film which lines and protects the adhesive layer 2 prior to the use of the pressure-sensitive adhesive tape 1 . The release film is then removed prior to the use of the adhesive layer 2 .
  • the transparent PSA may preferably be protected with a release film. It is possible, furthermore, for the carrier film to be provided with one or more coatings.
  • the PSA coat weight is preferably between 5 and 250 g/m 2 .
  • the product construction depicted in FIG. 2 shows a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape 1 having a transparent carrier 3 , which is coated on both sides with a PSA and thus has two adhesive layers 2 .
  • the PSA coat weight per side is again preferably between 5 and 250 g/m 2 .
  • At least one adhesive layer 2 is lined with a release film.
  • this one release film may where appropriate also line the second adhesive layer 2 . It is also possible, however, for a plurality of release films to be provided.
  • the carrier film may be provided with one or more coatings.
  • the inventive PSA only one side of the pressure-sensitive adhesive tape may be equipped with the inventive PSA, and a different transparent PSA may be used on the other side.
  • the product construction depicted in FIG. 3 shows a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape 1 in the form of a transfer tape, i.e., a carrier-free tape 1 .
  • the PSA is coated onto one side of a release film 4 , and so forms a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 2 .
  • the PSA coat weight is preferably between 5 and 250 g/m 2 .
  • this pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 2 is also lined on its second side with a further release film. For the use of the pressure-sensitive adhesive tape, the release films are then removed.
  • release films it is also possible, for example, to use release papers or the like. In that case, however, the surface roughness of the release paper ought to be reduced, in order to produce a very smooth PSA side.
  • carrier films it is possible to use a large number of highly transparent polymer films.
  • Special highly transparent PET films can be used in particular. Suitability is thus possessed, for example, by films from Mitsubishi with the trade name HostaphanTM of from Toray with the trade name LumirrorTM.
  • the haze a measure of the clouding of a substance, ought in one preferred embodiment to have a value of less than 5% in accordance with ASTM D 1003. High haze denotes low visibility through the substance in question.
  • the light transmittance at 550 nm is preferably greater than 86%, more preferably greater than 88%.
  • a further very preferred species of the polyesters is represented by the polybutylene terephthalate films.
  • polyester films it is also possible to use highly transparent PVC films. These films may include plasticizers in order to increase the flexibility.
  • PC, PMMA, and PS films can be used.
  • comonomers such as butadiene, for example, in addition to styrene, for the purpose of reducing the propensity to crystallization.
  • polyethersulfone films and polysulfone films can be used as carrier materials. These films are obtainable, for example, from BASF under the tradename UltrasonTM E and UltrasonTM S. It is also possible, furthermore, with particular preference, to use highly transparent TPU films. These films are available commercially, for example, from Elastogran GmbH. Use may also be made of highly transparent polyamide films and copolyamide films, and also of films based on polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl butyral.
  • the films may be treated.
  • vapor deposition may be performed, with zinc oxide, for example, or else varnishes or adhesion promoters may be applied.
  • One further possible additization is represented by UV protectants, which may be present as additives in the film or may be applied as a protective layer.
  • the film thickness in one preferred embodiment is between 4 ⁇ m and 150 ⁇ m, more preferably between 12 ⁇ m and 100 ⁇ m.
  • the carrier film may, for example, also have an optical coating.
  • Particularly suitable optical coatings are coatings which reduce the reflection. This is achieved, for example, through a reduction in the refractive index difference for the air/optical coating transition.
  • MgF 2 is used as a single layer to minimize the reflection.
  • MgF 2 has a refractive index of 1.35 at 550 nm.
  • metal oxide layers can be used in different layers to minimize the reflection. Typical examples are layers of SiO 2 and TiO 2 .
  • further suitable oxides include hafnium oxide (HfO 2 ), magnesium oxide (MgO), silicon monoxide (SiO), zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ), and tantalum oxide (Ta 2 O 5 ). It is additionally possible to use nitrides, such as SiN x , for example.
  • fluorinated polymer can be used as a low refractive index layer. These layers are also used very frequently in combination with the aforementioned layers of SiO 2 and TiO 2 .
  • sol-gel processes can be employed.
  • silicones, alkoxides and/or metal alkoxides are used in the form of mixtures, and coating takes place with these mixtures. Siloxanes, therefore, are also a widespread basis for reflection-reducing layers.
  • the typical coating thicknesses are between 2 ⁇ and 1000 ⁇ , preferably between 100 ⁇ and 500 ⁇ . In some cases, depending on layer thickness and chemical composition of the individual or two or more optical layers, color changes occur, which may in turn be controlled or modified through the thickness of the coating. For the siloxane process coated from solution it is also possible to obtain layer thicknesses of greater than 1000 ⁇ .
  • the optical layers may be applied by vacuum coating methods, such as CVD (chemical vapor deposition) or PIAD (plasma ion assisted deposition), for example.
  • CVD chemical vapor deposition
  • PIAD plasma ion assisted deposition
  • release films To protect the open (pressure-sensitive) adhesive it is preferably lined with one or more release films. As well as the release films it is also possible—albeit not very preferably—to use release papers, such as glassine, HDPE or LDPE release papers, for example, which in one embodiment have siliconization as a release layer.
  • release papers such as glassine, HDPE or LDPE release papers, for example, which in one embodiment have siliconization as a release layer.
  • release film it is preferred, however, to use a release film.
  • the release film possesses siliconization as a release means.
  • the film release liner ought to possess an extremely smooth surface, and so no structuring of the PSA is performed by the release liner. This is preferably achieved through the use of antiblocking-agent-free PET films in combination of silicone systems coated from solution.
  • the (pressure-sensitive) adhesives may be coated from solution or from the melt.
  • the (pressure-sensitive) adhesive is dissolved in typical solvents, such as toluene, benzine, isopropanol, etc., and then coated via a coating nozzle or a doctor knife.
  • typical solvents such as toluene, benzine, isopropanol, etc.
  • Particular preference is given to manufacturing the (pressure-sensitive) adhesives from solution, in order to prevent premature crosslinking.
  • coating may also take place from the melt.
  • the (pressure-sensitive) adhesive is blended in a compounder or twin-screw extruder, mixed with all of the components, and then coating using, for example, an extrusion die or a melt die.
  • FIG. 4 shows typical adhesive bonds in resistive touch panels.
  • adhesive transfer tapes i.e., tapes without carriers.
  • Top film or reinforcement plate may also be used and bonded in the form of a single-sided (pressure-sensitive) adhesive tape with the corresponding carrier.
  • FIG. 4 shows a touch panel 5 bonded by means of a first pressure-sensitive adhesive tape 1 to a substrate 6 , which is a plastic plate or a glass plate, for example. Applied to the touch panel 5 by means of a second pressure-sensitive adhesive tape 1 is then a top film 7 , which typically has an antiscratch coat.
  • FIG. 5 shows typical adhesive bonds for capacitive touch panels.
  • pressure-sensitive adhesive layers 2 with adhesive coat weights of greater than 50 g/m 2 are used, to provide for effective wetting of the structuring.
  • FIG. 5 additionally shows the bonding of a protective film or of a cellphone window 7 , of a substrate 6 as rear reinforcement plate of a capacitive touch panel, and also of a display 9 , with the PSA described.
  • Both the PSA itself and the PSA in the form of an adhesive transfer tape may be used as a single-sided tape or else as a double-sided PSA tape with carrier film.
  • the instrument was operated in conjunction with a thermostat from Lauda.
  • the peel strength (bond strength) was tested in accordance with PSTC-101.
  • the adhesive tape is applied to a glass plate.
  • a strip of the adhesive tape, 2 cm wide, is bonded by being rolled over back and forth three times with a 2 kg roller.
  • the plate is clamped in, and the self-adhesive strip is peeled via its free end on a tensile testing machine at a peel angle of 180° and at a speed of 300 mm/min.
  • the force is reported in N/cm.
  • the transmittance at 550 nm is determined in accordance with ASTM D1003.
  • the specimen measured was the assembly made up of optically transparent PSA and glass plate.
  • the haze is determined in accordance with ASTM D 1003.
  • the PSA is adhered as a single-sided adhesive tape (50 g/m 2 coat weight, 50 ⁇ m PET film of type Mitsubishi RNK 50) to a glass plate, without air bubbles.
  • the dimensions of the test strip are 2 cm width and 10 cm length.
  • the bond strength to glass is determined by test method B.
  • the PSA is adhered as a single-sided adhesive tape to an ITO film (Elecrysta®) from Nitto Denko.
  • the dimensions of the ITO film are 12 cm ⁇ 2 cm.
  • the bond area is 10 cm ⁇ 2 cm, and so 1 cm remains free for electrical measurements at each end.
  • the assembly is subsequently stored in a climate cabinet for 500 hours at 85° C. and 20% humidity.
  • the surface resistivity is then measured in accordance with DIN 53482. This is followed by a determination of the percentage drop in comparison to untreated ITO film.
  • Coating operations in the examples took place on a conventional laboratory coating unit for continuous coating. Coating was carried out in an ISO 5 clean room according to ISO standard 14644-1. The web width was 50 cm. The width of the coating gap was variably adjustable between 0 and 1 cm. The length of the heating tunnel was around 12 m. The temperature in the heating tunnel was divisible into four zones, and was freely selectable in each zone between room temperature and 120° C.
  • the constituents are dissolved in a mixture of toluene/benzine/isopropanol, 40:40:20 (figure in % by weight), giving a solids content of 40%.
  • the metal chelate dissolved at 10% in toluene, is then added and is distributed homogeneously by stirring.
  • the specimens are then coated out onto a PET film 23 ⁇ m thick, and dried at 110° C., so as to leave a weight of adhesive per unit area of 50 g/m 2 .
  • the polymerization was carried out using monomers that had been purified of stabilizers.
  • a 2 l glass reactor conventional for radical polymerizations was charged with 32 g of acrylic acid, 168 g of n-butyl acrylate, 200 g of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and 300 g of acetone/isopropanol (97:3). After nitrogen gas had been passed through the reactor for 45 minutes, with stirring, the reactor was heated to 58° C. and 0.2 g of Vazo67® (DuPont, 2,2′-azodi(2-methylbutyronitrile)) was added. The external heating bath was then heated to 75° C. and the reaction was carried out constantly at this external temperature.
  • Vazo67® DuPont, 2,2′-azodi(2-methylbutyronitrile
  • examples 1-3 have achieved the target range for the refractive index, of greater than 1.49. Depending on the aromatic hard block fraction, the values range between 1.54 and 1.56.
  • the reference specimen based on unmodified block copolymers, reference 4 likewise shows a relatively high refractive index of 1.54.
  • the polyacrylate-based reference example R5 on the other hand, has a significantly reduced refractive index of 1.47.
  • test method E This test examines whether long sunlight irradiation causes a discoloration or yellowing. This is particularly important for optical applications which are subject to long-term irradiation, such as by a display, for example, or are used in the exterior sector. The results are summarized in table 5.
  • a further aging test includes climatic cycling.
  • the exposure of the adhesive to very different climatic conditions is simulated, as may be the case, for example, for end applications in the cellphone segment.
  • the alternating climate test was carried out by test method F. The results are set out in table 6.
  • comparative example R 4 exhibits very low bonding strengths.
  • the composition did not withstand intact the temperature loading in the climatic cycling test, and is therefore not suitable for use in the consumer electronics segment.
  • the rest of the examples in contrast, exhibit stable bond strength performance.
  • comparative example R 5 exhibits a significant drop in electrical conductivity.
  • Reference example 5 is based on a poly-acrylate and contains acrylic acid groups. Examples 1 to 3, in contrast, and also reference example 4, exhibit only a very small loss in surface conductivity.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Adhesive Tapes (AREA)
US12/995,393 2008-12-15 2009-12-04 Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Mass Abandoned US20110226415A1 (en)

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US20120064325A1 (en) * 2010-09-14 2012-03-15 Nitto Denko Corporation Double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet
US20140371376A1 (en) * 2011-10-27 2014-12-18 Tesa Se Adhesive Paste with Increased Temperature Stability and Use Thereof for an Adhesive Tape
US20180258323A1 (en) * 2015-09-18 2018-09-13 Jnc Corporation Film for plastic restoration, surface-protected article, and process for producing film for plastic restoration
US10125294B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2018-11-13 Fujifilm Corporation Adhesive sheet, laminate for touch panel, and capacitance-type touch panel
WO2023003714A1 (en) * 2021-07-22 2023-01-26 Corning Incorporated Films, laminates, and methods of making compositions

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JP2014047247A (ja) * 2012-08-29 2014-03-17 Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd 樹脂組成物、半導体装置、多層回路基板および電子部品
DE102014207792A1 (de) 2014-04-25 2015-10-29 Tesa Se Dünnglasverbund und Verfahren zum Lagern einer Dünnglasfolie
DE102014207837A1 (de) 2014-04-25 2015-10-29 Tesa Se Dünnglasverbund und Verfahren zur Lagerung von Dünnglas
DE102017202668A1 (de) * 2017-02-20 2018-08-23 Tesa Se Vernetzbare Haftklebmasse
JP7397667B2 (ja) * 2018-06-26 2023-12-13 積水化学工業株式会社 光学用粘着シート
TW202142660A (zh) * 2020-03-24 2021-11-16 日商日東電工股份有限公司 黏著片及附剝離襯墊之黏著片
KR20220156594A (ko) * 2020-03-24 2022-11-25 닛토덴코 가부시키가이샤 점착형 광학 필름

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US20120064325A1 (en) * 2010-09-14 2012-03-15 Nitto Denko Corporation Double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet
US20140371376A1 (en) * 2011-10-27 2014-12-18 Tesa Se Adhesive Paste with Increased Temperature Stability and Use Thereof for an Adhesive Tape
US10125294B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2018-11-13 Fujifilm Corporation Adhesive sheet, laminate for touch panel, and capacitance-type touch panel
US20180258323A1 (en) * 2015-09-18 2018-09-13 Jnc Corporation Film for plastic restoration, surface-protected article, and process for producing film for plastic restoration
WO2023003714A1 (en) * 2021-07-22 2023-01-26 Corning Incorporated Films, laminates, and methods of making compositions

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CN102057008B (zh) 2013-07-10
DE102008061840A1 (de) 2010-06-17
JP2012512267A (ja) 2012-05-31
KR20110099624A (ko) 2011-09-08
WO2010072551A1 (de) 2010-07-01
EP2281023A1 (de) 2011-02-09
CN102057008A (zh) 2011-05-11
TW201030114A (en) 2010-08-16
US8845846B2 (en) 2014-09-30
US20130245178A1 (en) 2013-09-19
EP2281023B1 (de) 2014-04-23

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