US20110159269A1 - Window film and vehicle using the same - Google Patents
Window film and vehicle using the same Download PDFInfo
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- US20110159269A1 US20110159269A1 US12/855,851 US85585110A US2011159269A1 US 20110159269 A1 US20110159269 A1 US 20110159269A1 US 85585110 A US85585110 A US 85585110A US 2011159269 A1 US2011159269 A1 US 2011159269A1
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- film
- carbon nanotube
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/04—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as impregnant, bonding, or embedding substance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/04—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a layer being specifically extensible by reason of its structure or arrangement, e.g. by reason of the chemical nature of the fibres or filaments
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/005—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile
- B32B9/007—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile comprising carbon, e.g. graphite, composite carbon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y20/00—Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- G02B1/105—
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/14—Protective coatings, e.g. hard coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
- B32B2255/205—Metallic coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
- B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/006—Transparent parts other than made from inorganic glass, e.g. polycarbonate glazings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249924—Noninterengaged fiber-containing paper-free web or sheet which is not of specified porosity
- Y10T428/24994—Fiber embedded in or on the surface of a polymeric matrix
- Y10T428/249942—Fibers are aligned substantially parallel
- Y10T428/249945—Carbon or carbonaceous fiber
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/30—Self-sustaining carbon mass or layer with impregnant or other layer
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to window films and vehicles using the same, particularly, to a window film based on carbon nanotubes and a vehicle using the same.
- window films There are many types of window films available in the market for a wide variety of uses including solar heat reduction, UV protection, privacy, safety and security, decorative applications, and heat retention.
- Window films are normally applied to the windows of buildings or vehicles to reduce the amount of infrared, visible light, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation entering windows.
- Window films used on vehicles also prevent windows of the vehicles from shattering, these films are intended to maintain the integrity of glass when subject to heavy impact.
- the window film includes a heavy-gauge plastic sheet and a low-emission coating layer.
- a low emission coating layer is formed on the surface of the heavy-gauge plastic sheet using a very complicated method.
- the strength of the heavy-gauge plastic sheet is insufficient to prevent fragmentation and the production of hazardous glass shards from concussion forces.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a window film.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line II-II of the window film shown in FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image of a carbon nanotube film used in a window film of one embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a carbon nanotube segment in the carbon nanotube film of FIG. 3 .
- FIG. 5 is an SEM image of at least two stacked carbon nanotube films used in a window film of one embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a window film.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic view of one embodiment of a window film including a composite carbon nanotube film.
- FIG. 8 shows a relation between the light transmittance of the composite carbon nanotube film and the wavelength of light.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic view of one embodiment of a vehicle with a window film of one embodiment.
- a window film 10 includes a polymer film 18 , a protective layer 15 , and at least one carbon nanotube film 16 embedded in the polymer film 18 and located between the protective layer 15 and the polymer film 18 .
- the protective layer 15 is disposed on a top surface of the polymer film 18 and covers the at least one carbon nanotube film 16 .
- the polymer film 18 can have a curved structure or a planar structure and functions as a support with suitable transparency.
- the polymer film 18 can be made of a flexible polymer material, such as polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate acrylic (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyether polysulfones (PES), polyvinyl polychloride (PVC), benzocyclobutenes (BCB), polyesters, or acrylic resins.
- the shape and size of the polymer film 18 is not limited, and can be determined according to need.
- the polymer film 18 may be square, round or triangular.
- the polymer film 18 is a square sheet with a thickness about 0.5 millimeters, which is made of PET.
- the carbon nanotube film 16 can be a free-standing structure, meaning that the carbon nanotube film 16 can be supported by itself without a substrate for support. For example, if a point of the carbon nanotube film 16 is held, the entire carbon nanotube film 16 can be supported from that point without damage. Examples of the carbon nanotube film 16 are taught by U.S. Pat. No. 7,045,108 to Jiang et al.
- the carbon nanotube film 16 includes a number of successive carbon nanotubes joined end to end by Van der Waals attractive force therebetween, and substantially oriented along a same direction.
- the carbon nanotube film 16 can be a substantially pure structure consisting of the carbon nanotubes with few impurities and transparent.
- the carbon nanotube film 16 can be fixed on the polymer film 18 firmly because the carbon nanotubes of the carbon nanotube film 16 combined end to end by Van der Waals attractive force, have good adhesion.
- the thickness of the carbon nanotube film 16 can be in a range from about 0.5 nanometers to about 100 micrometers.
- the carbon nanotube film 16 includes a plurality of successively oriented carbon nanotube segments 143 joined end-to-end by Van der Waals attractive force therebetween.
- Each carbon nanotube segment 123 includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes 14522 substantially parallel to each other, and combined by Van der Waals attractive force therebetween.
- the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film 16 can be single-walled, double-walled, and/or multi-walled carbon nanotubes.
- the carbon nanotube film 16 includes a number of interspaces between the carbon nanotubes of the carbon nanotube film 16 that have good light transmittance.
- the light transmittance of the carbon nanotube film 16 can be in a range from about 60% to about 95%.
- the polymer film 18 fills the interspaces of the carbon nanotube film 16 , which makes the carbon nanotube film 16 and the polymer film 18 form a whole structure, meaning that the carbon nanotubes of the carbon nanotube film 16 are connected to each other and form a free-standing structure.
- the window film 10 has good strength because the carbon nanotubes of the carbon nanotube film 16 have strong material properties.
- the carbon nanotubes of the carbon nanotube film 16 also have a good UV light absorption, therefore the window film 10 will also have good UV light absorption.
- the window film 16 can protect the passenger in the vehicle from the harmful UV light.
- the strength of the window film 10 increases with an increasing number of layers of carbon nanotube films 16 . Additionally, if the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube films 16 are aligned along one preferred orientation, an angle can exist between the orientations of the carbon nanotubes in adjacent carbon nanotube films 16 . Adjacent carbon nanotube films 16 can be combined by the Van der Waals attractive force therebetween. An angle between the aligned directions of the carbon nanotubes in two adjacent carbon nanotube films 16 can range from about 0 degrees to about 90 degrees.
- a method for combining the at least one carbon nanotube film 16 with the polymer film 18 includes:
- one embodiment of a window film 10 includes 4 layers of carbon nanotube films 16 stacked one on top of another, with an angle between the aligned directions of the carbon nanotubes in two adjacent carbon nanotube films 16 being about 90 degrees. There are a number of micropores between the carbon nanotubes of the crossed carbon nanotube films 16 .
- the polymer material of the polymer film 18 can fill in the micropores to ensure the carbon nanotube films 16 is combined tightly with the polymer film 18 .
- the protective layer 15 covers and protects the at least one carbon nanotube film 16 .
- the protective layer 15 is made of a transparent polymer, such as polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate acrylic (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyether polysulfones (PES), polyvinyl polychloride (PVC), benzocyclobutenes (BCB), polyesters, acrylic resins, or epoxy resin.
- the thickness of the protective layer 15 is not limited, and can be selected according to the application. In one embodiment, the protective layer 15 is made of epoxy resin, with a thickness about 200 micrometers.
- a window film 20 includes a polymer film 18 , a plurality of carbon nanotube films 16 , and a protective layer 15 .
- the carbon nanotube films 16 are spaced from each other and are disposed in the polymer film 18 .
- the protective layer 15 is disposed on a surface of the polymer film 18 .
- the carbon nanotube films 16 are located between the protective layer 15 and the polymer film 18 .
- the carbon nanotube films 16 are spaced from each other and alternatively positioned in the polymer film 18 between upper and lower layer portions of the polymer film 18 , with the carbon nanotubes uniformly disposed in the polymer film 18 .
- a number of interspaces defined between the carbon nanotubes, are filled in by the material of the polymer film 18 fills. That is, the carbon nanotube films 16 are soaked with and combined with the polymer film 18 .
- the carbon nanotube films 16 are spaced from each other in the polymer film 18 so that the strength of the window film 20 is improved.
- a window film 30 includes a polymer film 18 , a composite carbon nanotube film 36 , and a protective layer 15 .
- the composite carbon nanotube film 36 is made of at least one carbon nanotube film 16 and a metal layer 17 .
- the metal layer 17 is coated on outer surface of the carbon nanotubes of the at least one carbon nanotube film 16 .
- the metal layer 17 can be formed on the outer surface of the carbon nanotubes of the at least one carbon nanotube film 16 by a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method such as vacuum evaporation or sputtering.
- the material of the metal layer 17 can be gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), or titanium (Ti).
- the material of the metal layer 17 is Au, with a thickness of about 10 nanometers.
- the composite carbon nanotube film 36 of the window film 30 has low light transmittance of infrared light at a wavelength less than 400 nanometers.
- the composite carbon nanotube film 36 has good light transmittance in the visible region at a wavelength ranging from about 400 nanometers to about 800 nanometers.
- the composite carbon nanotube film 36 has a low transmittance in the ultraviolet region at a wavelength beyond about 800 nanometers. Therefore, the carbon nanotube film 36 has a good absorption of ultraviolet light and a good reflection of infrared light.
- the window film 30 can reflect the infrared light to prevent the infrared light from entering through the windows.
- a vehicle 100 with a window film 10 is provided.
- the window film 10 is attached on the outside surface of the front window of the vehicle 100 .
- a surface of the window film 10 locating the carbon nanotube film 16 faces the outside of the vehicle 100 .
- the window film 10 can also be used on the rear or the side windows of the vehicle 100 .
- the application of the window films 10 , 20 , and 30 are not limited in the field of vehicles; it is can also to be used in the field of building windows.
Abstract
A window film includes a polymer film, at least one carbon nanotube film, and a protective layer. The at least one carbon nanotube film is embedded in the polymer film. The protective layer is located on a surface of the polymer film. The at least one carbon nanotube film is located between the protective layer and the polymer film.
Description
- This application claims all benefits accruing under 35 U.S.C. §119 from China Patent Application No. 200910265339.3, filed on Dec. 29, 2009, in the China Intellectual Property Office, incorporated herein by reference.
- 1. Technical Field
- The present disclosure relates to window films and vehicles using the same, particularly, to a window film based on carbon nanotubes and a vehicle using the same.
- 2. Description of Related Art
- There are many types of window films available in the market for a wide variety of uses including solar heat reduction, UV protection, privacy, safety and security, decorative applications, and heat retention. Window films are normally applied to the windows of buildings or vehicles to reduce the amount of infrared, visible light, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation entering windows. Window films used on vehicles also prevent windows of the vehicles from shattering, these films are intended to maintain the integrity of glass when subject to heavy impact.
- For security and reducing UV radiation, the window film includes a heavy-gauge plastic sheet and a low-emission coating layer. A low emission coating layer is formed on the surface of the heavy-gauge plastic sheet using a very complicated method. However, the strength of the heavy-gauge plastic sheet is insufficient to prevent fragmentation and the production of hazardous glass shards from concussion forces.
- What is needed, therefore, is to provide a window film that provides good protection for windows of vehicles, and a vehicle using the same.
- Many aspects of the embodiments can be better understood with reference to the following drawings. The components in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, the emphasis instead being placed upon clearly illustrating the principles of the embodiments. Moreover, in the drawings, like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the several views.
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a window film. -
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line II-II of the window film shown inFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 3 is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image of a carbon nanotube film used in a window film of one embodiment. -
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a carbon nanotube segment in the carbon nanotube film ofFIG. 3 . -
FIG. 5 is an SEM image of at least two stacked carbon nanotube films used in a window film of one embodiment. -
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a window film. -
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of one embodiment of a window film including a composite carbon nanotube film. -
FIG. 8 shows a relation between the light transmittance of the composite carbon nanotube film and the wavelength of light. -
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of one embodiment of a vehicle with a window film of one embodiment. - The disclosure is illustrated by way of example and not by way of limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings in which like references indicate similar elements. It should be noted that references to “an” or “one” embodiment in this disclosure are not necessarily to the same embodiment, and such references mean at least one.
- Referring to
FIG. 1 andFIG. 2 , one embodiment of awindow film 10 includes apolymer film 18, aprotective layer 15, and at least onecarbon nanotube film 16 embedded in thepolymer film 18 and located between theprotective layer 15 and thepolymer film 18. Theprotective layer 15 is disposed on a top surface of thepolymer film 18 and covers the at least onecarbon nanotube film 16. - The
polymer film 18 can have a curved structure or a planar structure and functions as a support with suitable transparency. Thepolymer film 18 can be made of a flexible polymer material, such as polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate acrylic (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyether polysulfones (PES), polyvinyl polychloride (PVC), benzocyclobutenes (BCB), polyesters, or acrylic resins. The shape and size of thepolymer film 18 is not limited, and can be determined according to need. For example, thepolymer film 18 may be square, round or triangular. In one embodiment, thepolymer film 18 is a square sheet with a thickness about 0.5 millimeters, which is made of PET. - Referring to
FIG. 3 , thecarbon nanotube film 16 can be a free-standing structure, meaning that thecarbon nanotube film 16 can be supported by itself without a substrate for support. For example, if a point of thecarbon nanotube film 16 is held, the entirecarbon nanotube film 16 can be supported from that point without damage. Examples of thecarbon nanotube film 16 are taught by U.S. Pat. No. 7,045,108 to Jiang et al. Thecarbon nanotube film 16 includes a number of successive carbon nanotubes joined end to end by Van der Waals attractive force therebetween, and substantially oriented along a same direction. Thecarbon nanotube film 16 can be a substantially pure structure consisting of the carbon nanotubes with few impurities and transparent. Thecarbon nanotube film 16 can be fixed on thepolymer film 18 firmly because the carbon nanotubes of thecarbon nanotube film 16 combined end to end by Van der Waals attractive force, have good adhesion. The thickness of thecarbon nanotube film 16 can be in a range from about 0.5 nanometers to about 100 micrometers. - Referring to
FIG. 3 andFIG. 4 , thecarbon nanotube film 16 includes a plurality of successively orientedcarbon nanotube segments 143 joined end-to-end by Van der Waals attractive force therebetween. Each carbon nanotube segment 123 includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes 14522 substantially parallel to each other, and combined by Van der Waals attractive force therebetween. The carbon nanotubes in thecarbon nanotube film 16 can be single-walled, double-walled, and/or multi-walled carbon nanotubes. - Additionally, the
carbon nanotube film 16 includes a number of interspaces between the carbon nanotubes of thecarbon nanotube film 16 that have good light transmittance. The light transmittance of thecarbon nanotube film 16 can be in a range from about 60% to about 95%. Thepolymer film 18 fills the interspaces of thecarbon nanotube film 16, which makes thecarbon nanotube film 16 and thepolymer film 18 form a whole structure, meaning that the carbon nanotubes of thecarbon nanotube film 16 are connected to each other and form a free-standing structure. Thewindow film 10 has good strength because the carbon nanotubes of thecarbon nanotube film 16 have strong material properties. The carbon nanotubes of thecarbon nanotube film 16 also have a good UV light absorption, therefore thewindow film 10 will also have good UV light absorption. Thewindow film 16 can protect the passenger in the vehicle from the harmful UV light. - The strength of the
window film 10 increases with an increasing number of layers ofcarbon nanotube films 16. Additionally, if the carbon nanotubes in thecarbon nanotube films 16 are aligned along one preferred orientation, an angle can exist between the orientations of the carbon nanotubes in adjacentcarbon nanotube films 16. Adjacentcarbon nanotube films 16 can be combined by the Van der Waals attractive force therebetween. An angle between the aligned directions of the carbon nanotubes in two adjacentcarbon nanotube films 16 can range from about 0 degrees to about 90 degrees. - A method for combining the at least one
carbon nanotube film 16 with thepolymer film 18 includes: - (a) providing a layer of the
polymer film 18; - (b) providing at least one
carbon nanotube film 16; - (c) disposing the at least one
carbon nanotube film 16 on a surface of the layer of thepolymer film 18 to form a preform; and - (d) hot pressing the preform to combine the at least one
carbon nanotube film 16 with the layer of thepolymer film 18. - Referring to
FIG. 5 , one embodiment of awindow film 10 includes 4 layers ofcarbon nanotube films 16 stacked one on top of another, with an angle between the aligned directions of the carbon nanotubes in two adjacentcarbon nanotube films 16 being about 90 degrees. There are a number of micropores between the carbon nanotubes of the crossedcarbon nanotube films 16. The polymer material of thepolymer film 18 can fill in the micropores to ensure thecarbon nanotube films 16 is combined tightly with thepolymer film 18. - Referring to
FIG. 2 , theprotective layer 15 covers and protects the at least onecarbon nanotube film 16. Theprotective layer 15 is made of a transparent polymer, such as polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate acrylic (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyether polysulfones (PES), polyvinyl polychloride (PVC), benzocyclobutenes (BCB), polyesters, acrylic resins, or epoxy resin. The thickness of theprotective layer 15 is not limited, and can be selected according to the application. In one embodiment, theprotective layer 15 is made of epoxy resin, with a thickness about 200 micrometers. - Referring to
FIG. 6 , one embodiment of awindow film 20 includes apolymer film 18, a plurality ofcarbon nanotube films 16, and aprotective layer 15. Thecarbon nanotube films 16 are spaced from each other and are disposed in thepolymer film 18. Theprotective layer 15 is disposed on a surface of thepolymer film 18. Thecarbon nanotube films 16 are located between theprotective layer 15 and thepolymer film 18. - In the
polymer film 18, thecarbon nanotube films 16 are spaced from each other and alternatively positioned in thepolymer film 18 between upper and lower layer portions of thepolymer film 18, with the carbon nanotubes uniformly disposed in thepolymer film 18. A number of interspaces defined between the carbon nanotubes, are filled in by the material of thepolymer film 18 fills. That is, thecarbon nanotube films 16 are soaked with and combined with thepolymer film 18. Thecarbon nanotube films 16 are spaced from each other in thepolymer film 18 so that the strength of thewindow film 20 is improved. - Referring to
FIG. 7 , another embodiment of awindow film 30 includes apolymer film 18, a composite carbon nanotube film 36, and aprotective layer 15. The composite carbon nanotube film 36 is made of at least onecarbon nanotube film 16 and a metal layer 17. The metal layer 17 is coated on outer surface of the carbon nanotubes of the at least onecarbon nanotube film 16. The metal layer 17 can be formed on the outer surface of the carbon nanotubes of the at least onecarbon nanotube film 16 by a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method such as vacuum evaporation or sputtering. The material of the metal layer 17 can be gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), or titanium (Ti). In one embodiment, the material of the metal layer 17 is Au, with a thickness of about 10 nanometers. - Referring to
FIG. 8 , the composite carbon nanotube film 36 of thewindow film 30 has low light transmittance of infrared light at a wavelength less than 400 nanometers. The composite carbon nanotube film 36 has good light transmittance in the visible region at a wavelength ranging from about 400 nanometers to about 800 nanometers. The composite carbon nanotube film 36 has a low transmittance in the ultraviolet region at a wavelength beyond about 800 nanometers. Therefore, the carbon nanotube film 36 has a good absorption of ultraviolet light and a good reflection of infrared light. Thewindow film 30 can reflect the infrared light to prevent the infrared light from entering through the windows. - Referring to
FIG. 9 , one embodiment of avehicle 100 with awindow film 10 is provided. Thewindow film 10 is attached on the outside surface of the front window of thevehicle 100. A surface of thewindow film 10 locating thecarbon nanotube film 16 faces the outside of thevehicle 100. Thewindow film 10 can also be used on the rear or the side windows of thevehicle 100. - The application of the
window films - It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments are intended to illustrate rather than limit the present disclosure. Any elements described in accordance with any embodiments is understood that they can be used in addition or substituted in other embodiments. Embodiments can also be used together. Variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. The above-described embodiments illustrate the scope, but do not restrict the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (20)
1. A window film, comprising:
a polymer film;
at least one carbon nanotube film embedded in the polymer film, the at least one carbon nanotube film having a plurality of carbon nanotubes substantially aligned along a same direction; and
a protective layer located on a surface of the polymer film, the at least one carbon nanotube film located between the protective layer and the polymer film.
2. The window film of claim 1 , wherein the at least one carbon nanotube film is a free-standing structure, and combined with the polymer film to form a whole structure.
3. The window film of claim 1 , wherein the at least one carbon nanotube film comprises a plurality of successively oriented carbon nanotube segments joined end-to-end by Van der Waals attractive force therebetween.
4. The window film of claim 3 , wherein the carbon nanotube segment comprises a plurality of carbon nanotubes substantially parallel to each other, and combined by Van der Waals attractive force therebetween.
5. The window film of claim 1 , wherein the at least one carbon nanotube film comprises a plurality of interspaces between the carbon nanotubes of the at least one carbon nanotube film.
6. The window film of claim 5 , wherein the polymer film fills in the plurality of interspaces of the at least one carbon nanotube film.
7. The window film of claim 1 , wherein each of the at least one carbon nanotube film is transparent, and has a light transmittance in a range from about 60% to about 95%.
8. The window film of claim 1 , wherein the at least one carbon nanotube film comprises a plurality of carbon nanotube films positioned in the polymer film.
9. The window film of claim 8 , wherein the plurality of carbon nanotube films are spaced from each other.
10. The window film of claim 8 , wherein the plurality of carbon nanotube films are stacked one on another, an angle between aligned directions of the carbon nanotubes in two adjacent carbon nanotube films is about 90 degrees.
11. The window film of claim 10 , wherein adjacent carbon nanotube films of the plurality of carbon nanotube films are combined by the Van der Waals attractive force therebetween.
12. The window film of claim 1 , wherein the polymer film is made of polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate acrylic (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyether polysulfones (PES), polyvinyl polychloride (PVC), benzocyclobutenes (BCB), polyesters, or acrylic resins.
13. The window film of claim 1 , wherein the protective layer is made of polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate acrylic (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyether polysulfones (PES), polyvinyl polychloride (PVC), benzocyclobutenes (BCB), polyesters, acrylic resins, or epoxy resin.
14. A window film, comprising:
a polymer film having a top surface;
at least one carbon nanotube film embedded in the polymer film, the at least one carbon nanotube film having a plurality of carbon nanotubes substantially aligned along a same direction;
a metal layer coated on a surface of the at least one carbon nanotube film; and
a protective layer located on the top surface of the polymer film, the at least one carbon nanotube film disposed between the protective layer and the polymer film.
15. The window film of claim 14 , wherein the metal layer is coated on outer surfaces of the carbon nanotubes of the at least one carbon nanotube film.
16. The window film of claim 15 , wherein a material of the metal layer is gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), or titanium (Ti).
17. The window film of claim 14 , wherein the at least one carbon nanotube film comprises a plurality of interspaces between the carbon nanotubes of the at least one carbon nanotube film.
18. The window film of claim 17 , wherein the polymer film fills in the plurality of interspaces of the at least one carbon nanotube film.
19. A vehicle, comprising:
at least one window film attached on a window of the vehicle, the at least one window film comprising:
a polymer film;
at least one carbon nanotube film embedded in the polymer film, the at least one carbon nanotube film comprising a plurality of carbon nanotubes substantially aligned along a same direction; and
a protective layer covering at least one of surfaces of the polymer film and the at least one carbon nanotube film.
20. The vehicle of claim 19 , further comprising a metal layer coated on outer surfaces of the carbon nanotubes of the at least one carbon nanotube film.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US14/302,252 US20140295167A1 (en) | 2009-12-29 | 2014-06-11 | Window film and vehicle using the same |
US16/186,414 US10518507B2 (en) | 2009-12-29 | 2018-11-09 | Vehicle and building using a window film having carbon nanotubes |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN200910265339.3 | 2009-12-29 | ||
CN2009102653393A CN102107546B (en) | 2009-12-29 | 2009-12-29 | Automobile glass sticking film and automobile |
Related Child Applications (1)
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US14/302,252 Continuation US20140295167A1 (en) | 2009-12-29 | 2014-06-11 | Window film and vehicle using the same |
Publications (1)
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US20110159269A1 true US20110159269A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
Family
ID=44171877
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US12/855,851 Abandoned US20110159269A1 (en) | 2009-12-29 | 2010-08-13 | Window film and vehicle using the same |
US14/302,252 Abandoned US20140295167A1 (en) | 2009-12-29 | 2014-06-11 | Window film and vehicle using the same |
US16/186,414 Active US10518507B2 (en) | 2009-12-29 | 2018-11-09 | Vehicle and building using a window film having carbon nanotubes |
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US14/302,252 Abandoned US20140295167A1 (en) | 2009-12-29 | 2014-06-11 | Window film and vehicle using the same |
US16/186,414 Active US10518507B2 (en) | 2009-12-29 | 2018-11-09 | Vehicle and building using a window film having carbon nanotubes |
Country Status (2)
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US (3) | US20110159269A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102107546B (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20190091975A1 (en) | 2019-03-28 |
US10518507B2 (en) | 2019-12-31 |
CN102107546A (en) | 2011-06-29 |
US20140295167A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
CN102107546B (en) | 2013-04-24 |
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