JP5607406B2 - Flexible shape functional laminate and functional structure - Google Patents

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a flexible-shaped functional laminate in which a functional layer containing an inorganic layer is provided on a flexible-shaped substrate, and more specifically, a flexible material whose function is less likely to be impaired by the occurrence of cracks. The present invention relates to a shape / functional laminate and a functional structure including the flexible shape / functional laminate.

  In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for light and thin electronic devices including portable electronic devices such as notebook personal computers and mobile phones. Along with this, a lot of research has been conducted to replace a conventionally used glass substrate with a film-like or sheet-like plastic substrate. Plastic substrates are not only cheap, but also light and difficult to break, and are flexible. Using plastic substrates, electronic devices that could not be realized with glass substrates, such as curved image display elements, etc. May be possible. In addition, in optical members and the like, research using plastic as a base material, such as a reflecting mirror using a plastic base material, is actively conducted.

  In these functional members, an inorganic layer such as a metal layer, a semiconductor layer, a dielectric layer, or a transparent conductive layer is generally formed as a functional layer on a flexible substrate such as a plastic substrate. Yes. For the purpose of improving the durability and barrier properties of the inorganic layer, many methods for forming a dense inorganic layer free from cracks have been proposed.

  However, the inorganic layer is often fragile, and when the inorganic layer is formed on a flexible substrate, there is a problem that cracks are likely to occur in the inorganic layer. Even if an inorganic layer having no cracks at the time of formation can be produced, cracks are easily generated by an external force applied during subsequent handling, and expansion and contraction due to temperature changes. When a large crack occurs in the entire inorganic layer, corrosion by water vapor or corrosive gas proceeds from that portion, and the function as a functional member may be impaired.

  For example, in a film in which a transparent conductive layer composed of an indium-tin composite oxide (ITO) layer having a thickness of about 20 to 50 nm is formed on a plastic film such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), the thickness is less than 50 μm. When a plastic film is used, cracks occur in the ITO layer during handling, and the conductivity of the ITO layer is significantly impaired. Therefore, in order to prevent cracking of the ITO layer, a plastic film having a thickness of at least 50 μm, usually 100 μm or more, and sufficient strength and rigidity is used as the base film. This is nothing more than sacrificing the flexibility of the base film in order to prevent the occurrence of cracks in the ITO layer.

  In addition, if the purpose is simply to prevent the occurrence of cracks in the inorganic layer, it is possible to form the inorganic layer thick and strong enough that cracks do not occur with some external force or temperature change. The flexibility of the base film cannot be utilized.

Therefore, in Patent Document 1 described later, after a conductive oxide fine particle layer is formed on a base film by a coating method, a conductive overcoat layer is further formed on the conductive oxide fine particle layer by the same coating method. A flexible transparent conductive film obtained having a transparent conductive layer and a conductive overcoat layer,
The conductive oxide fine particle layer has been subjected to compression treatment,
The transparent conductive layer is formed by infiltrating the binder component of the conductive overcoat layer into the gap between the conductive oxide fine particles of the conductive oxide fine particle layer, and mainly comprises the conductive oxide fine particles and the binder matrix. As an ingredient,
A flexible transparent conductive film is proposed in which the conductive overcoat layer has a conductive component and a binder matrix as main components and has a thickness of 0.1 to 0.5 μm.

  In Patent Document 1, with the above configuration, the film strength and solvent scratch resistance can be improved while maintaining high conductivity, and at the same time having the same transparency and conductivity as the conventional sputtering ITO film, It is described that a flexible transparent conductive film having excellent flexibility can be obtained.

  On the other hand, when an optical functional film or the like is applied to glass or the like, it is common to wet the glass surface with water and apply water so that air bubbles do not enter between the two. In this case, after the construction, a curing period is required until the water remaining between the glass and the optical functional film passes through the optical functional film and completely escapes. During the curing period, the construction liquid may appear as water bubbles or the film surface may become cloudy, so that the original function as an optical functional film cannot be exhibited. Further, during the curing period, touching the optical functional film is also restricted. For this reason, the optical functional film to be water-attached is required to have a certain degree of water-removability so that the water used at the time of water application can be quickly removed.

  However, when a functional layer composed of a metal layer, a dielectric layer, or the like is provided on the base film in order to impart optical functionality, if the functional layer is thick and dense, the barrier property becomes too high and the optical functionality is increased. There exists a problem that the water drainage property of a film falls and a curing period becomes long. As a countermeasure, for example, when stress is applied to the optical functional film to form a crack in the functional layer, the crack is generated in the functional layer in a normal optical functional film. As a result, although the water drainage of the functional layer is improved, the functional layer is further deteriorated and the performance as the optical functional film is impaired.

  As described above, it is impossible to achieve both improvement of water drainage and maintenance of optical functionality by simply applying a stress to induce the generation of cracks. By selectively providing an opening in a region that does not affect the function of the functional layer, it is possible to increase water vapor permeability and improve water drainage while maintaining the performance as an optical functional film. it is conceivable that. However, as far as the inventor is aware, no such proposal has yet been made.

  As a method for providing an opening in a predetermined region of an inorganic material film having a thickness of about 1 to 10 μm, a method using a sacrificial layer having a different thermal expansion coefficient is proposed in Patent Document 2 described later.

  FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view showing the flow of the inorganic material film pattern forming method proposed in Patent Document 2. In this method, first, as shown in FIG. 24A, a sacrificial layer 112 having a pattern is formed on a substrate 111 using a material having a thermal expansion coefficient different from that of an inorganic material. Next, as shown in FIG. 24B, an inorganic material layer 113 is formed on the substrate 111 on which the sacrificial layer 112 is formed using an inorganic material at a predetermined film formation temperature. Next, as shown in FIG. 24C, the inorganic material layer 113 formed on the sacrificial layer 112 is cracked by lowering the temperature of the inorganic material layer 113. Next, as shown in FIG. 24D, the sacrifice layer 112 and the inorganic material layer formed thereon are removed, and only the inorganic material layer 114 formed in a region other than the sacrifice layer 112 is selectively selected. leave.

  The flexible transparent conductive film proposed in Patent Document 1 includes a transparent conductive layer made of conductive oxide fine particles, a conductive component (conductive oxide fine particles, ionic liquid, or ionic conductive compound), and a binder matrix. And a conductive overcoat layer as a main component. However, since the conductive oxide fine particles are not sintered, it is considered difficult to reliably obtain good conductivity equivalent to that of the transparent conductive layer formed by the sputtering method. Moreover, this structure is limited to a transparent conductive film and cannot be applied to an optical functional film or the like.

  The pattern forming method of the inorganic material film proposed in Patent Document 2 is limited to a material whose constituent material has a specific thermal expansion coefficient. Further, since the sacrificial layer 112 needs to be patterned, the process is complicated.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and the object thereof is a functional laminate in which a functional layer containing an inorganic layer is provided on a flexible substrate, and is simple. A flexible-shaped functional laminate that can be produced in a small amount and its function is less likely to be impaired by the occurrence of cracks, and at the same time can improve water drainage, and a functional structure including the flexible-shaped functional laminate. It is to provide.

That is, the present invention is made of a resin and includes a support having a three-dimensional shape on the surface and an inorganic layer, and is disposed in the three-dimensional shape of the support and has a ridge line portion and a valley line portion. And a cleavage portion formed at a portion of the functional layer that is a stress concentration site that is a ridge line or a valley of the three-dimensional shape, and the cleavage portion is formed on the support. It relates to a flexible shape functional laminate which is not made.
Moreover, this invention is a flexible shape functional laminated body in which the said support body has a base material and the resin layer arrange | positioned on the said base material surface and made the said three-dimensional shape.
Moreover, this invention is a flexible shape functional laminated body by which the surface of the said functional layer is coat | covered with the protective layer which consists of resin.
Moreover, this invention is a flexible shape functional laminated body with which the protective material is arrange | positioned in contact with the surface on the opposite side to the surface which is in contact with the said functional layer of the said protective layer.
Further, the present invention is a flexible shape functional laminate, wherein the support includes a base material and a resin layer disposed on the surface of the base material and having the three-dimensional shape, and the resin layer And the protective layer is a flexible functional laminate having the same material.
Further, the present invention is an optical functional laminate in which the surface of the support opposite to the three-dimensional shape is a light incident surface, and the incident light is reflected, absorbed, semi-transmitted, or transmitted.
Moreover, this invention is a flexible-shaped functional laminated body whose said functional layer is an optical functional layer which has directional reflectivity.
According to the present invention, the reflective surface of the functional layer is composed of a plurality of reflective surface groups each composed of a first reflective surface group and a second reflective surface group, and the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface. The planar shape of the surface is an elongated rectangle, the long sides are the same length, and the long sides are parallel to the light incident surface, but the short sides of the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface are short. Each side is formed to be inclined at a certain angle with respect to the light incident surface, and a number of the first reflecting surfaces and a number of the second reflecting surfaces are orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the reflecting surfaces. It is a flexible shape functional laminated body which is alternately arranged one-dimensionally toward the direction to do.
In the present invention, the reflecting surface of the functional layer is configured by regularly arranging a large number of unit recesses or unit protrusions, and the three-dimensional shape of the unit recesses or unit protrusions is a pyramid, a cone, or the like. It is a flexible shape functional laminate having a shape, a hemispherical shape, or a cylindrical shape.
Further, in the present invention, the in-plane direction or the axis of symmetry of the reflective surface of the functional layer, that is, the direction in which the retroreflectance is maximized or substantially maximized is inclined from the direction orthogonal to the incident surface. It is a flexible shape functional laminate.
Further, in the present invention, the reflective surface of the functional layer is composed of a single type of a large number of individual reflective surface groups, the planar shape of the reflective surface is an elongated rectangle, and the long side is the long side. Although it is parallel to the light incident surface, its short side is inclined at a certain angle with respect to the light incident surface, and the reflective surface is one-dimensionally directed in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. It is the flexible shape functional laminated body currently arranged.
Moreover, this invention is a flexible-shaped functional laminated body which is an optical functional laminated body which selectively reflects, absorbs, semi-transmits, or permeate | transmits incident light of a specific wavelength range.
Moreover, this invention is a flexible shape functional laminated body in which the said functional layer is an optical functional layer which selectively reflects or permeate | transmits the incident light of a specific wavelength range.
Moreover, this invention is a flexible shape functional laminated body in which the said functional layer consists of a several layer by which the high refractive index layer and the metal layer were laminated | stacked.
Moreover, this invention is a flexible shape functional laminated body which the said functional layer consists of a several layer by which the low dielectric constant layer and the high dielectric constant layer were laminated | stacked alternately.

Also includes the flexible shape functional layered product, but according to the functional structure.

  It is known that an object having a three-dimensional shape tends to concentrate stress on a ridge line part or a corner part. In the flexible shape functional laminate of the present invention, the inorganic layer contained in the functional layer is formed in a predetermined three-dimensional shape having a stress concentration site. Since the inorganic layer is fragile, it is possible to easily generate a cleavage portion (crack) at the stress concentration site by applying a slight stress through the flexible substrate. Once the crack is formed, it becomes a stress escape. In addition, when the inorganic layer is subdivided into a large number of small parts by the cracks generated in the early stage, it becomes possible to displace small for each part in response to the deformation of the flexible-shaped base material, The entire inorganic layer can be deformed following the deformation of the flexible substrate. Therefore, the cracks are unlikely to continue to grow due to the stress applied thereafter, or new cracks are not generated in other places.

  On the other hand, when the inorganic layer is flat and does not have a stress concentration site, the location where the stress is concentrated changes as the flexible base material is deformed. And if the magnitude | size of a stress exceeds the limit which an inorganic substance layer can endure, a big crack will be formed in this stress concentration location. As a result, large cracks are irregularly generated in the flat inorganic layer.

  Comparing the above two cases, the inorganic layer has the stress concentration site and is formed in a three-dimensional shape that is likely to generate the crack, as a result, the size of the crack is reduced, The generation amount of the crack can be suppressed. In addition, it is possible to control the cracks to be selectively generated in a partial region (the stress concentration portion), which is preferable.

  There are two cases of the predetermined three-dimensional shape of the inorganic layer. One is a case where the predetermined three-dimensional shape is essential for the expression of the function of the inorganic layer, and the stress concentration site is a part of the three-dimensional shape. The other is a case where the predetermined three-dimensional shape is not necessary for the expression of the function of the inorganic layer and is provided for the purpose of controlling the occurrence of the crack. Even in the former case as well as in the latter case, in many cases, the stress concentration site is arranged in an appropriate size in a region where the function of the inorganic layer is not impaired or a region where the function of the inorganic material layer is not impaired. As described above, the predetermined three-dimensional shape can be devised. As a result, the deterioration of the function due to the occurrence of the cracks can be minimized.

  In the flexible shape functional laminate of the present invention, since cracks are formed by utilizing stress concentration caused by a three-dimensional shape, the materials constituting the inorganic layer and the flexible shape base material are not limited. . Further, the structure having the cracks can be manufactured very easily. Moreover, since the water vapor transmission rate is increased by the generation of the cracks, the water drainage required as the water sticking performance is improved at the same time.

  Since the functional structural material of the present invention includes the flexible shape functional laminate, it has the same effect as described above.

It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the flexible shape functional laminated body based on Embodiment 1 of this invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view (a) showing an example of the shape of the functional layer and a cross-sectional view (b) showing the function thereof. It is a perspective view which shows another shape of a functional layer similarly. It is the top view (a) which shows another shape of a functional layer similarly, and the expanded sectional view (b) in the position of the 4B-4B line | wire. FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically showing stress concentration sites and cleavage parts (cracks) in the functional layer. It is sectional drawing which shows the preparation process of a flexible shape functional laminated body similarly. It is sectional drawing which shows the preparation process of a flexible shape functional laminated body similarly. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the flexible shape functional laminated body based on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the relationship between the incident light which injects into a flexible shape functional laminated body based on Embodiment 3 of this invention, and the reflected light reflected by the flexible shape functional laminated body. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the flexible shape functional laminated body of the modification 1 similarly. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the flexible shape functional laminated body of the modification 2 similarly. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the flexible shape functional laminated body of the modification 3 similarly. FIG. 6 is a perspective view (a) showing the shape of the functional layer of Modification 4 and a cross-sectional view (b) showing the function thereof. FIG. 6 is a perspective view (a) showing the shape of the functional layer of Modification 5 and a cross-sectional view (b) showing the function thereof. FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the shape of a functional layer of Modification 6; Similarly, a plan view (a) showing a two-dimensional arrangement in the functional layer of the modified example 7, and cross-sectional views (b) and (c) at the positions indicated by the 16B-16B line and the 16C-16C line in the plan view (a). ). Similarly, a plan view (a) showing a two-dimensional arrangement in the functional layer of Modification 8, and cross-sectional views (b) and (c) at the positions indicated by the lines 17B-17B and 17C-17C in the plan view (a). ). It is the perspective view (a) which shows the structure of the blind apparatus based on Embodiment 4 of this invention, and sectional drawing (b) of a slat. It is the perspective view (a) which shows the structure of a roll screen apparatus similarly, and sectional drawing (b) of a screen. It is the perspective view (a) which shows the structure of joinery, and sectional drawing (b) of an optical functional body. It is an observation image by an optical microscope which shows the characteristic of the crack generation in the functional layer of the corner cube shape by the Example of this invention. It is an observation image by an optical microscope which shows the characteristic of the crack generation in the flat functional layer by the comparative example of this invention. It is a reflection spectrum which shows the change of the reflectance in the visible and near-infrared area | region before and behind a weather resistance test of the functional layer by the Example and comparative example of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the flow of the pattern formation method of the inorganic material film | membrane proposed by patent document 2. FIG.

  In the flexible shape functional laminate of the present invention, the predetermined three-dimensional shape is essential for the expression of the function of the inorganic layer, and the stress concentration site may be a part of the three-dimensional shape. . Alternatively, the predetermined three-dimensional shape is not necessary for the expression of the function of the inorganic layer, and may be provided for the purpose of controlling the occurrence of the crack.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the stress concentration part is provided in a region of the three-dimensional shape that does not impair or hardly impairs the function of the inorganic layer.

  It is preferable that the flexible substrate is in close contact with the one main surface of the functional layer. Alternatively, a resin layer may be disposed in close contact with the one main surface of the functional layer, and the flexible base material may support the functional layer via the resin layer.

  The other main surface of the functional layer is preferably covered with a protective layer made of resin. At this time, a protective material may be disposed in contact with the surface of the protective layer opposite to the surface in contact with the functional layer. The resin layer and the protective layer are preferably made of the same material.

  The flexible functional laminate may be an optical functional laminate that reflects, absorbs, transmits, or transmits incident light with the surface of the flexible substrate as a light incident surface.

  At this time, the functional layer is preferably an optical functional layer having directional reflection. Directional reflection reflects incident light in a specific direction other than the direction of regular reflection (reflection with the same incident angle and reflection angle), and its reflection intensity is sufficiently higher than the diffuse reflection intensity without directivity It is a strong reflection. When the reflecting surface is a single optical plane directed in a certain direction, regular reflection and diffuse reflection due to disturbance of the smoothness of the surface occur. On the other hand, when the reflecting surface is composed of a large number of small surfaces oriented in different directions with a certain regularity, the incident light repeats regular reflection by the small surfaces several times, resulting in directional reflection. There is.

  For example, the reflective surface of the functional layer is composed of a large number of reflective surface groups consisting of a first reflective surface group and a second reflective surface group, and the planar shapes of the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface Is an elongated rectangle, the long sides are the same length, and the long sides are parallel to the light incident surface, but the short sides of the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface are respectively The plurality of first reflection surfaces and the plurality of second reflection surfaces are directed in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the reflection surface. It is preferable that they are alternately arranged one-dimensionally.

  As another example, the reflective surface of the functional layer is configured by regularly arranging a large number of unit concave portions or unit convex portions, and the three-dimensional shape of the unit concave portions or unit convex portions is a pyramid shape or a cone shape. It may be in the form of a shape, a hemisphere, or a cylindrical shape.

  These optically functional layers having directional reflectivity are in the in-plane direction or the direction of the symmetry axis of the reflective surface of the functional layer, that is, the direction in which the retroreflectance is maximized or approximately maximized, It is good to incline from the direction orthogonal to the entrance plane. Retroreflection refers to reflecting incident light so as to re-direct it in the direction of its source, and is one of directional reflections.

  Alternatively, the reflective surface of the functional layer is composed of a single type of singulated and a large number of reflective surface groups, the planar shape of the reflective surface is an elongated rectangle, and its long side is the light incident surface. Although parallel to the light, its short side is inclined at a certain angle with respect to the light incident surface, and a large number of the reflective surfaces are arranged one-dimensionally in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. It is good to be.

  In addition, the functional laminate may be an optical functional laminate that selectively reflects, absorbs, semi-transmits, or transmits incident light in a specific wavelength region. In this case, the functional layer may be an optical functional layer that selectively reflects or transmits incident light in a specific wavelength region. In this case, the functional layer is composed of a plurality of layers in which a high refractive index layer and a metal layer are laminated, or a plurality of layers in which low dielectric constant layers and high dielectric constant layers are alternately laminated. Is good.

  Next, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described specifically and in detail with reference to the drawings.

[Embodiment 1]
In the first embodiment, corresponding to claims 1, 2, and 4 to 19, the predetermined three-dimensional shape of the inorganic layer is indispensable for the expression of the function, and the stress concentration portion has the three-dimensional shape. An example that is a part will be described.

[Flexible shape functional laminate]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of flexible shape functional laminates 10 to 13 based on the first embodiment. A flexible functional laminate 10 shown in FIG. 1A includes a functional layer 1 and a flexible base 2 arranged so as to be in close contact with one main surface of the functional layer 1. The functional layer 1 contains an inorganic layer formed in a predetermined three-dimensional shape, and is a layer that expresses a specific function according to its material, layer structure, and three-dimensional shape. The flexible substrate 2 is the support. The flexible shape functional laminate 10 is a flexible shape functional laminate having the simplest configuration.

  A flexible functional laminate 11 shown in FIG. 1B is composed of a functional layer 1, a resin layer 3 disposed so as to be in close contact with one main surface of the functional layer 1, and a flexible base 4. And a support. In the flexible shape functional laminate 11, the support is composed of two members, the resin layer 3, and the flexible base material 4, so that the materials can be freely selected as compared with the flexible shape functional laminate 10. There are merits such as increasing the degree.

  The flexible shape functional laminates 12 and 13 shown in FIG. 1C and FIG. 1D are each provided with a protective layer 5 made of a resin so as to cover the other main surface of the functional layer 1. And an example in which a flexible protective material 6 is further provided outside the protective layer 5. By providing the protective layer 5 and the protective material 6, the reliability of the stacked bodies 12 and 13 is improved. And since the protective layer 5 and the protective material 6 are flexible, the flexibility of the laminated bodies 12 and 13 is not impaired by providing these members.

  In the flexible shape functional laminates 12 and 13, the resin constituting the resin layer 3 and the resin constituting the protective layer 5 are preferably made of the same material. Moreover, in the flexible shape functional laminated body 13, the material which comprises the flexible-shaped base material 4 and the material which comprises the flexible-shaped protective material 6 are good to consist of the same kind of material. In such a case, a mechanical balance is easily obtained between the members arranged with the functional layer 1 interposed therebetween, and the temperature dependency such as the expansion rate becomes the same, so that the expansion due to an external force or a temperature change occurs. It is expected that the stress applied to the functional layer 1 due to shrinkage or the like is reduced. Moreover, when comprising the optical functional laminated body mentioned later, transparency improves by using the material of the same refractive index.

[Flexible optical functional laminate]
The flexible shape functional laminates 10 to 13 are not particularly limited except that the predetermined three-dimensional shape of the functional layer 1 is essential for the expression of the function. Typically, the functional laminates 10 to 13 are optical functional laminates that reflect, absorb, translucent, or transmit incident light. In this case, in particular, the functional layer 1 is preferably an optical functional layer having directional reflection. The functional laminates 10 to 13 may be optical functional laminates that selectively reflect, absorb, translucent, or transmit incident light in a specific wavelength region. In this case, in particular, the functional layer 1 is preferably an optical functional layer that selectively reflects or transmits incident light in a specific wavelength region.

  Hereinafter, the functional layer 1 is a wavelength selective reflection layer that selectively reflects light in a specific wavelength region while transmitting light outside the wavelength region, and the flexible functional laminate 13 has a specific wavelength. Each member and the like will be described in detail with respect to an example configured as an optical functional film that selectively reflects light in a region while transmitting light outside the wavelength region. In addition, even if the flexible shape functional laminated body 13 is the flexible shape functional laminated bodies 10-12, it is the same.

  At this time, it is particularly preferable that the selectively directional reflected light is near infrared light and the transmitted light is visible light. In recent years, there has been an increase in an example in which an optical layer that reflects a part of sunlight is provided on a window glass or the like in order to prevent the indoor temperature from excessively rising due to sunlight incident on the room through a window. ing. The light energy poured from the sun mainly consists of light energy in the visible region with a wavelength of 380 to 780 nm and light energy in the near infrared region with a wavelength of 780 to 2100 nm. Among these, human vision is not impaired even if the light in the near infrared region is blocked, so in order to achieve both high transparency and visibility and high heat blocking properties, It is important to limit the transmission of light. It is preferable to attach an optical functional film that selectively retroreflects near-infrared light to a window glass because this purpose can be achieved without causing thermal contamination to the surroundings.

  When the functional laminates 10 to 13 are optical functional laminates, the functional laminate 10 or 11 can ensure transparency as spectral characteristics, but a phenomenon occurs in which an image on the other side becomes difficult to see ( The image clarity may be reduced). Further, since it is difficult to protect the functional layer 1 with the functional laminate 10 or 11, the functional laminate 12 or 13 has a configuration except that a highly durable inorganic material is used as the material of the functional layer 1. Is preferred.

<Shape of functional layer>
FIG. 2A is a perspective view showing an example of the shape of the functional layer 1 in the flexible shape functional laminate 13. Only the functional layer 1 and the protective layer 5 are shown for easy viewing. This example corresponds to claim 12. The reflective surface of the functional layer 1 is composed of a large number of reflective surface groups composed of two types of reflective surfaces 7a and 7b, and the multiple reflective surfaces 7a and 7b are alternately arranged one-dimensionally in one direction. Has been. The planar shapes of the reflecting surfaces 7a and 7b are long and narrow rectangles that are the same size. The reflection surfaces 7a and 7b have long sides parallel to the light incident surface (for example, the surface of the flexible substrate 4; see FIG. 2B), but the short sides each have a light incident surface. Is inclined at a certain angle. A surface N that bisects the angle formed by the adjacent reflecting surface 7a and reflecting surface 7b is orthogonal to the light incident surface, and the reflecting surface 7a and the reflecting surface 7b are symmetrical with respect to this surface. A large number of pairs of the reflection surface 7a and the reflection surface 7b formed symmetrically are arranged one-dimensionally in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the reflection surface 7, and the reflection surface of the functional layer 1 is formed. It is configured. Therefore, the reflective surface of the functional layer 1 has inversion symmetry with respect to the one-dimensional arrangement direction. Hereinafter, this shape of the functional layer 1 is referred to as a V-groove shape. There is no particular limitation on the angle formed by the reflecting surfaces 7a and 7b, but it is typically 90 °. In this case, when the reflecting surfaces 7a and 7b are cut along a plane parallel to the arrangement direction, they are cut into two short sides sandwiching the right angle of the right isosceles triangle. Although an example in which a V-shaped groove is formed is shown here, the groove may be U-shaped.

  The pitch of the arrangement of the reflecting surfaces 7a and 7b is preferably 5 μm to 5 mm, more preferably 10 to 250 μm, and even more preferably 20 to 200 μm. It is preferable that the pitch is 250 μm or less because flexibility is improved and manufacturing by a roll-to-roll process is facilitated, and productivity is improved as compared to manufacturing by a batch process. When the optical functional film of the present embodiment is applied to a building material such as a window glass, in many cases, a length of about several meters is required, and for manufacturing such a long optical functional film. Is more suitable for roll-to-roll processes than for batch processes. When the pitch is 20 to 200 μm, flexibility and the like are further improved, and productivity is improved.

  On the other hand, if the pitch is less than 5 μm, it is difficult to make the shape of the functional layer 1 as desired, and it is difficult to make the wavelength selection characteristics steep, so that part of the transmission wavelength is reduced. May reflect. When such reflection occurs, diffraction occurs and even higher-order reflection is visually recognized, so that the transparency tends to be felt poorly. On the other hand, when the pitch exceeds 5 mm, the thickness of the functional layer 1 is increased, the flexibility is lost, and it is difficult to bond the functional layer 1 to a rigid body such as a window glass.

  The thickness of the functional layer 1 is preferably 20 μm or less, more preferably 5 μm or less, and even more preferably 1 μm or less. When the average film thickness exceeds 20 μm, the optical path through which transmitted light is refracted becomes long, and the transmitted image tends to appear distorted.

  FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view showing the function of the functional layer 1. For ease of viewing, hatching of the first resin layer 2 and the second resin layer 3 is omitted. The surface of the flexible substrate 4 is flat. The surface of the resin layer 3 on the side opposite to the side in contact with the functional layer 1 is also flat. In the functional laminate 13, the flat surface of the flexible substrate 4 is used as the light incident surface. When the functional layer 1 is made of a material and / or a layer structure that selectively reflects near-infrared light, when the near-infrared light is incident on the reflecting surface of the functional layer 1, the near-infrared light is usually The reflection surface 7b and the reflection surface 7a are regularly reflected twice, a total of two times, and retroreflected to the light source side. On the other hand, visible light simply passes through the functional layer 1. In the functional layer 1, the symmetry plane of the reflecting surface 7, that is, the bisector N is orthogonal to the light incident surface, and therefore the direction in which the retroreflectance is maximized is the direction orthogonal to the incident surface.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing another shape of the functional layer. For ease of viewing, only the functional layer 21 and the protective layer 25 of the flexible shape functional laminate 20 are shown in FIG. This example corresponds to claim 13. The reflective surface of the functional layer 21 is configured by regularly arranging a large number of unit recesses 23. One unit recess 23 has reflection surfaces 22a to 22d. The shape on the back surface side of the functional layer 21 is a shape (a shape in which square pyramids are regularly arranged) obtained by forming the V-shaped grooves shown in FIG. is there. Hereinafter, this shape of the functional layer 21 is referred to as a double V-groove shape. When the functional layer 21 is made of a material and / or a layer structure that selectively reflects near-infrared light, the near-infrared light is usually reflected when the near-infrared light enters the reflecting surface of the functional layer 21. Each of the surfaces 22a and 22c or 22b and 22d is regularly reflected twice in total, and then retroreflected toward the light source. On the other hand, visible light simply passes through the functional layer 21.

  In the above example, an example in which the reflective surface forms the concave portion 23 has been described, but the reflective surface may form a convex portion in which the concave and convex portions of the concave portion 23 are reversed. In this case, near-infrared light is specularly reflected twice on the opposite reflecting surfaces of two adjacent quadrangular pyramids, a total of twice, and then retroreflected to the light source side.

  FIG. 4 is a plan view (a) showing still another shape of the functional layer and an enlarged sectional view (b) at the position of line 4B-4B. For ease of viewing, only the functional layer 31 and the protective layer 35 are shown in the cross-sectional view. This example also corresponds to claim 13. The reflective surface of the functional layer 31 is configured by regularly arranging a large number of corner cube-shaped unit recesses 33. One corner cube-shaped unit recess 33 has reflecting surfaces 32a to 32c. The shape on the back surface side of the functional layer 31 is a shape obtained by forming the V-shaped grooves shown in FIG. 2A in three directions intersecting at 60 ° (a shape in which triangular pyramids are regularly arranged). Hereinafter, this shape of the functional layer 31 is referred to as a corner cube shape. When the functional layer 31 is made of a material and / or a layer structure that selectively reflects near-infrared light, when the near-infrared light is incident on the reflective surface of the functional layer 31, as shown in FIG. The near-infrared light is regularly reflected at least twice, usually once on each of the reflecting surfaces 32a, 32b, and 32c, a total of three times, and then retroreflected toward the light source. On the other hand, visible light simply passes through the functional layer 31.

  In the above example, an example in which the reflective surface forms the concave portion 33 has been described, but the reflective surface may form a convex portion in which the concave and convex portions of the concave portion 33 are inverted. In this case, near-infrared light is specularly reflected twice on the opposite reflecting surfaces of two adjacent triangular pyramids, a total of twice, and then retroreflected to the light source side.

  FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically showing a stress concentration site 8 and a cleavage portion (crack) 9 generated in the functional layer 1. An object having a three-dimensional shape has a property that stress tends to concentrate on a ridge line part, a valley line part, or a corner part. In the functional layer 1, a ridge line portion or a valley streak portion where the reflecting surface 7 a and the reflecting surface 7 b are connected is the stress concentration portion 8. Since the inorganic layer constituting the functional layer 1 is brittle, the crack 9 can be generated in the stress concentration portion 8 by applying a slight stress through the flexible base 4.

  Once the crack 9 is formed, the crack 9 becomes a stress escape route. Further, when the functional layer 1 is subdivided into a large number of small parts by the cracks 9 generated in the initial stage, it becomes possible to displace each part small in response to the deformation of the flexible substrate 4. The entire functional layer 1 can be deformed following the deformation of the substrate 4. Therefore, the crack 9 does not continue to grow due to the stress applied thereafter, or a new crack is not generated in another part, and the crack is not generated more than necessary.

  On the other hand, when the functional layer is flat and does not have a stress concentration site, the location where the stress is concentrated changes as the flexible base material is deformed. And when the magnitude | size of a stress exceeds the limit which a functional layer can endure, a big crack will be formed in this stress concentration location. As a result, large cracks are irregularly generated in the flat functional layer.

  Comparing the above two cases, the functional layer has a stress concentration part and is formed in a three-dimensional shape that is likely to generate cracks. The amount can be suppressed. In addition, it is possible to control so that the crack 9 is selectively generated in a partial region (stress concentration portion 8), which is preferable.

  In the flexible shape functional laminates 10 to 13, the three-dimensional shape of the functional layer 1 is necessary for the functional layer 1 to function as a retroreflective layer, and the stress concentration portion 8 is a part of the shape. is there. However, the function of the functional layer 1 as a retroreflective layer is borne by the reflecting surfaces 7a and 7b, and the ridge line portion which is the stress concentration portion 8 hardly contributes to the function. Therefore, when cracks occur in the reflecting surfaces 7a and 7b, the function of the functional layer 1 is impaired. However, even if cracks occur in the ridge line portion that is the stress concentration portion 8, the function of the functional layer 1 is impaired. rare. When the optical functionality is expressed by multiple reflection in the structure as in the retroreflective layer, the effect of the deterioration is particularly great because the influence of the deterioration is increased by the number of reflections.

  The same applies to the flexible shape functional laminates 20 and 30. The three-dimensional shapes of the functional layers 21 and 31 are necessary for the functional layers 21 and 31 to function as retroreflective layers, respectively, and stress concentration sites are naturally generated at the ridge lines and corners. However, the functions of the functional layers 21 and 31 as the directional reflection layers are respectively performed by the reflection surfaces 22a to 22d and 32a to 32c, and the ridge line portion and the corner portion which are stress concentration portions almost contribute to the function. Not. Therefore, even if a crack occurs in the stress concentration part, the functions of the functional layers 21 and 31 are hardly impaired.

  As in the above example, the predetermined three-dimensional shape of the functional layer is essential for the expression of the function, and even when the stress concentration site is a part of the three-dimensional shape, many In this case, the three-dimensional shape can be devised so that the stress concentration portion is arranged in an appropriate size in a region where the function of the functional layer is not impaired or a region where the stress is not impaired. As a result, it is possible to minimize the deterioration of the function due to the occurrence of cracks.

  In the flexible shape functional laminate based on the present embodiment, cracks are formed by utilizing stress concentration resulting from a three-dimensional shape, so that the material constituting the functional layer and the flexible shape base material is limited. There is no. Further, the structure having the cracks can be manufactured very easily. Moreover, since the water vapor transmission rate is increased by the generation of the cracks, the water drainage required as the water sticking performance is improved at the same time. For example, the flexible shape functional laminate 13 shown in FIG. 5 has poor water drainage in the absence of cracks 9, but has good water drainage when cracks 9 are formed.

  The functional layer may be a single inorganic layer, or may be a layer in which a plurality of inorganic layers are laminated as shown in FIG. The crack 9 usually penetrates all the layers constituting the functional layer. The crack 9 may be formed simultaneously with the production of the functional layer, or may be formed after the production of the functional layer, but it may be easier to form the crack 9 after the production of the functional layer.

  In order to produce the crack 9, it is preferable that the flexible substrate 2 or 4 has high flexibility. For example, when a functional layer is formed by sputtering using a thin plastic film with a thickness of less than 50 μm (for example, 25 μm, etc.) as the flexible substrate 2 or 4, the functional layer is cracked during handling. 9 occurs. Further, even when a plastic film having a sufficient strength and rigidity and having a thickness of about 100 μm is used as the flexible substrate 2 or 4, the crack 9 can be easily formed by slightly bending the flexible shape functional laminate. be able to. For example, when a metal layer or a dielectric layer is produced as a functional layer, if it is produced by a roll-to-roll process, cracks can be easily generated during the process of winding around a roll after film formation. it can. For example, a crack can be generated by winding about 5 times around a round bar having a diameter of 15 mm.

<Production of flexible shape functional laminate>
6 and 7 are cross-sectional views showing the steps for manufacturing flexible shape functional laminates 10 to 13 based on the first embodiment.

  In order to manufacture the functional laminate 10, first, as shown in FIG. 6A, a predetermined three-dimensional shape is formed on the surface of the mold 19 by cutting with a cutting tool or laser processing. This three-dimensional shape is the same as the three-dimensional shape of the functional layer 1 to be produced, or a shape obtained by inverting the unevenness. In this example, the shape is the same.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 6B, a resin material layer 42 is formed on the surface of the mold 19 by a coating method or the like. The resin material layer 3a is a layer made of an uncured resin monomer and / or oligomer that changes to the resin layer 3 when cured. Further thereon, for example, a flexible base 4 having a thickness of about 100 μm is pressed, and the mold 19, the resin material layer 3a, and the base 4 are brought into close contact with each other.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 6C, the resin material layer 3 a is irradiated with ultraviolet light from the side of the substrate 4 to cure the resin monomer and / or oligomer, thereby forming the resin layer 3.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 6 (d), the laminate of the base material 4 and the resin layer 3 is peeled off from the mold 19, and the three-dimensional uneven inverted shape of the surface of the mold 19 is transferred. Get 3. In this example, a method of using an ultraviolet curable resin as the material of the resin layer 3 is shown. However, a thermoplastic resin is used as the material of the resin layer 3, and the resin material layer 3a is heated while being heated to a temperature higher than its glass transition temperature. The resin layer 3 may be formed by pressing against the mold 19 and then cooling to a temperature lower than the glass transition temperature and peeling from the mold 19.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 7E, the functional layer 1 is formed so as to be in close contact with the surface of the resin layer 3. As a result, the main surface of the functional layer 1 that is in close contact with the resin layer 3 is formed in the same shape as the three-dimensional shape of the surface of the mold 19. The film formation method of the functional layer 1 is not particularly limited, and materials and functionality to be used are selected from vapor deposition, sputtering, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), coating, and dipping. It selects suitably according to the shape of the layer 1. The flexible shape functional laminate 11 is obtained through the above steps.

  In order to obtain the flexible shape functional laminate 10, a thermoplastic resin is used as the material of the flexible shape base material 2, and the flexible shape base material 2 is pushed onto the mold 19 while being heated to a temperature higher than its glass transition temperature. Then, after cooling to a temperature lower than the glass transition temperature and peeling from the mold 19, the inverted shape of the mold 19 may be transferred to the surface of the flexible substrate 2. Thereafter, the functional layer 1 is formed so as to adhere to the surface of the substrate 2 in the same manner as described with reference to FIG. In order to obtain the flexible shape functional laminate 12 or 13, the following steps are further performed.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 7F, a resin material layer 5a is formed on the other main surface of the functional layer 1 by a coating method or the like. The resin material layer 5a is a layer made of an uncured resin monomer and / or oligomer that changes to the protective layer 5 when cured. After extruding air bubbles from the resin material layer 5a, a flexible protective material 6 having a thickness of about 100 μm is pressed thereon to bring the functional layer 1, the resin material layer 5a and the protective material 6 into close contact with each other.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 7G, the resin material layer 5 a is irradiated with ultraviolet light from the protective material 6 side to cure the resin monomer and / or oligomer, thereby forming the protective layer 5. As a result, the flexible shape functional laminate 13 is obtained. In this example, a method using an ultraviolet curable resin as the material of the protective layer 5 is shown. However, a thermoplastic resin is used as the material of the protective layer 5, and the resin material layer 5a is heated while being heated to a temperature higher than its glass transition temperature. It may be pressed against the functional layer 1 and then cooled to a temperature lower than the glass transition temperature.

  In order to obtain the flexible shape functional laminate 12, the process shown in FIGS. 7 (f) and 7 (g) is performed in a state where the protective film 6 is covered with the peeling film, and then, at the peeling film, The protective material 6 may be peeled off from the cured protective layer 5.

<Layer structure and constituent materials of functional layer>
The functional layer 1, the functional layer 21, and the functional layer 31 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 are optical functional layers that selectively reflect or transmit incident light in a specific wavelength region. Such a layer can be constituted by a plurality of layers in which a high refractive index layer and a metal layer are stacked, or a plurality of layers in which a low dielectric constant layer and a high dielectric layer are alternately stacked.

For example, by alternately stacking a high refractive index layer that has a high refractive index in the visible region and functions as an antireflection layer and a metal layer that has a high reflectance in the infrared region, the visible light transmittance is high and near infrared light A layer having a high reflectance can be formed. Metal layers having high reflectivity in the infrared region include, for example, gold Au, silver Ag, copper Cu, aluminum Al, nickel Ni, chromium Cr, titanium Ti, palladium Pd, cobalt Co, silicon Si, tantalum Ta, tungsten W, It is a layer mainly composed of a simple substance such as molybdenum Mo or germanium Ge, or an alloy containing two or more of these simple substances. In consideration of practicality, among these, Ag, Cu, Al, Si, or Ge is preferable as a single substance. In alloys, AlCu, AlTi, AlCr, AlCo, AlNdCu, AlMgSi, AgPdCu, AgPdTi, AgCuTi, AgPdCa, AgPdMg, AgPdFe, AgNdCu, AgBd, Ag, or the like are preferred. In order to suppress corrosion of the metal layer, it is preferable to add materials such as Ti and Nd to the metal layer. In particular, when Ag is used as the material of the metal layer, it is preferable to add the above material. The high refractive index layer includes, for example, indium / tin composite oxide (ITO), zinc oxide ZnO, gallium / zinc composite oxide (GZO), aluminum / zinc composite oxide (AZO), and gallium / aluminum / zinc composite oxide. The main component is a high dielectric material such as (GAZO), niobium oxide Nb ₂ O ₅ , tantalum oxide TaO ₂ , titanium oxide TiO ₂ . For the purpose of preventing the lower metal layer from being oxidized during the formation of the transparent layer, a thin buffer layer made of Ti or the like of about several nm may be provided at the interface with the metal layer. Here, the buffer layer is a layer that prevents oxidation of the metal layer by being oxidized during the formation of the high refractive index layer.

  In addition, even when an alternating film composed of a low dielectric constant layer and a high dielectric constant layer configured as an interference filter is used, a layer having high visible light transmittance and high near infrared light reflectance is formed. Can do.

<Other functional layers>
(1) Chromic material layer When the functional layer 1 is formed with a chromic material as a main component, an optical functional laminate in which the reflection performance and the like reversibly change by an external stimulus can be configured. The chromic material is a material that reversibly changes its structure by an external stimulus such as heat, light, or an intruding molecule. As the chromic material, for example, a thermochromic material colored by heat, an electrochromic material colored by voltage application, a photochromic material colored by light, a gas chromic material colored by contact with a gas, or the like can be used.

(2) Photonic lattice layer Photonic lattice such as cholesteric liquid crystal can also be used. Cholesteric liquid crystals can selectively reflect light with a wavelength according to the layer spacing, and this layer spacing changes with temperature, so that physical properties such as reflectance and color can be reversibly changed by heating. . At this time, it is possible to widen the reflection band by using several cholesteric liquid crystal layers having different layer intervals.

(3) Semi-Transparent Layer The functional layer 1 may be a semi-transparent layer having a transparency that reflects and reflects some of incident light, has little scattering, and can visually recognize the opposite side. The semi-transmissive layer is made of, for example, a single layer or a plurality of metal layers, and has a semi-transmissive property. As a material of the metal layer formed on the structure, for example, the same material as the metal layer of the laminated film described above can be used. Specific examples of the semi-transmissive layer are shown below.
(A) AgTi layer having a thickness of 8.5 nm (mass ratio Ag: Ti = 98.5: 1.5)
(B) AgTi layer having a thickness of 3.4 nm (mass ratio Ag: Ti = 98.5: 1.5)
(C) AgNdCu layer having a thickness of 14.5 nm (mass ratio Ag: Nd: Cu = 99.0: 0.4: 0.6)
As a method for forming the semi-transmissive layer, for example, a sputtering method, a vapor deposition method, a dip coating method, a die coating method, or the like can be used.

<Material of resin layer 3 and protective layer 5>
Regarding the glass transition temperature, the function is not particularly limited, but when the metal layer or the oxide layer is formed by sputtering or vapor deposition, the temperature of the resin surface is locally high, The glass transition temperature of the resin of the resin layer 3 is desirably 60 ° C. or higher. As a material suitable for the material of the resin layer 3 and the protective layer 5, for example, an energy ray curable resin that is cured by light or an electron beam or a thermosetting resin that is cured by heat is used for ease of manufacture. preferable.

  As energy beam curable resin, the photosensitive resin composition hardened | cured by light is preferable, and the ultraviolet curable resin composition hardened | cured by an ultraviolet-ray is the most preferable. The resin composition preferably further contains a compound containing a phosphoric acid structure, a compound containing a succinic acid structure, or a compound containing a butyrolactone structure in order to improve adhesion to the functional layer 1. . As the compound containing a phosphoric acid structure, for example, a (meth) acrylate containing a phosphoric acid structure, preferably a (meth) acrylic monomer or oligomer having a phosphono group can be used. As the compound containing a succinic acid structure, for example, a (meth) acrylate containing a succinic acid structure, preferably a (meth) acrylic monomer or oligomer having a succinic acid structure as a functional group can be used. As the compound containing a butyrolactone structure, for example, a (meth) acrylate containing a butyrolactone structure, preferably a (meth) acryl monomer or oligomer having a butyrolactone structure as a functional group can be used.

  The ultraviolet curable resin composition contains, for example, (meth) acrylate and a photopolymerization initiator. Moreover, you may make it an ultraviolet curable resin composition further contain a light stabilizer, a flame retardant, a leveling agent, antioxidant, etc. as needed.

  As the acrylate, it is preferable to use a monomer and / or an oligomer having two or more (meth) acryloyl groups. As this monomer and / or oligomer, for example, urethane (meth) acrylate, epoxy (meth) acrylate, polyester (meth) acrylate, polyol (meth) acrylate, polyether (meth) acrylate, melamine (meth) acrylate and the like are used. be able to. Here, the (meth) acryloyl group means either an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group. Here, the oligomer refers to a molecule having a molecular weight of 500 to 60000.

  As the photopolymerization initiator, those appropriately selected from known materials can be used. As a known material, for example, a benzophenone derivative, an acetophenone derivative, an anthraquinone derivative, or the like can be used alone or in combination. The blending amount of the polymerization initiator is preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less in the solid content. If it is less than 0.1% by mass, the photocurability is lowered, which is substantially unsuitable for industrial production. On the other hand, when it exceeds 10 mass%, when the amount of irradiation light is small, an odor tends to remain in the coating film. Here, solid content means all the components which comprise the hard-coat layer after hardening. Specifically, for example, acrylate, photopolymerization initiator, and the like are referred to as solid content.

  The resin is preferably one that can transfer the structure by irradiation with energy rays or heat, and any type of resin can be used as long as it satisfies the above refractive index requirements, such as vinyl resin, epoxy resin, and thermoplastic resin. May be.

  In order to reduce curing shrinkage, an oligomer may be added. Polyisocyanate and the like may be included as a curing agent. In consideration of adhesion to the flexible substrate 4 and the flexible protective material 5, monomers having a hydroxy group, a carboxy group or a phosphono group, polyhydric alcohols, carboxylic acid, silane, aluminum Coupling agents such as titanium and various chelating agents may be added.

  It is preferable that the resin composition further contains a crosslinking agent. As this crosslinking agent, it is particularly preferable to use a cyclic crosslinking agent. This is because the use of the cross-linking agent makes it possible to heat the resin without greatly changing the storage elastic modulus at room temperature. If the storage elastic modulus at room temperature changes greatly, the flexible shape functional laminate becomes brittle, and it becomes difficult to produce the flexible shape functional laminate by a roll-to-roll process or the like. Examples of the cyclic crosslinking agent include dioxane glycol diacrylate, tricyclodecane dimethanol diacrylate, tricyclodecane dimethanol dimethacrylate, ethylene oxide modified isocyanuric acid diacrylate, ethylene oxide modified isocyanuric acid triacrylate, caprolactone modified tris (acryloxy). And ethyl) isocyanurate.

  The resin layer 3 and the protective layer 5 are preferably made of the same resin having transparency in the visible light region. Alternatively, the refractive index difference between the materials constituting both layers is preferably 0.010 or less, more preferably 0.008 or less, and still more preferably 0.005 or less. If the refractive index difference exceeds 0.010, the transmitted image tends to appear blurred. If it is in the range of more than 0.008 and not more than 0.010, there is no problem in daily life although it depends on the external brightness. If it is in the range of more than 0.005 and less than or equal to 0.008, the diffraction pattern is worrisome only for a very bright object such as a light source, but the outside scenery can be clearly seen. If it is 0.005 or less, the diffraction pattern is hardly a concern. Of the resin layer 3 and the protective layer 5, the layer to be bonded to the external support 6 such as a window material may contain an adhesive as a main component. In the case of such a configuration, it is preferable that the refractive index difference of the pressure-sensitive adhesive is within the above range. Note that an additive may be contained in at least one of the resin layer 3 and the protective layer 5.

  Examples of the additive include a light stabilizer, a flame retardant, an antioxidant, and an additive for improving the adhesion between the wavelength selective reflection film and the resin layer. As an additive for improving adhesion, for example, 2-acryloyloxyethyl acid phosphate (for example, light acrylate P-1A (trade name) manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.), addition amount: 0.5 to 10 Mass%), 2-methacryloyloxyethyl acid phosphate (for example, light acrylate P-2M (trade name) manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd., addition amount: 2 to 10 mass%), 2-acryloyloxyethyl- Succinic acid (for example, HOA-MS (trade name) manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd., added amount: 20 to 50% by mass), γ-butyrolactone methacrylate (for example, GBLMA (trade name) manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Co., Ltd.) , Addition amount: 20 to 30% by mass). In order to improve the adhesion, it is suitable to use the addition amount shown in parentheses, respectively, but when an additive is added to only one of the first resin layer 2 and the second resin layer 3 In order to prevent the opposite side from becoming cloudy due to the difference in refractive index, the addition amount is 3% by mass or less, preferably 1% by mass or less. Therefore, in this case, it is preferable to employ a phosphate-based additive. Thereby, transmission clarity can be made high. On the other hand, when an additive is added to both the first resin layer 2 and the second resin layer 3, the addition amount is adjusted so that the difference in refractive index is as small as possible (preferably 0.010 or less). do it.

<Materials of flexible base material 4 and protective material 6>
Suitable materials for the flexible substrate 4 and the protective material 6 include, for example, cellulose resins such as triacetyl cellulose (TAC) and diacetyl cellulose, polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyimide resins (PI), Polyamide resin (PA), aramid resin, polyacrylate resin, polyether sulfone resin, polysulfone resin, polyolefin resin such as polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride resin, acrylic resin (PMMA), polycarbonate resin ( PC), epoxy resin, urea resin, urethane resin, and melamine resin.

[Embodiment 2]
In the second embodiment, an example in which the predetermined three-dimensional shape of the inorganic layer is not necessary for the expression of the function, and is provided for the purpose of controlling the occurrence of cracks, corresponding to claim 3 will be described. .

  FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of flexible shape functional laminate 40 based on the second embodiment. The flexible shape functional laminate 40 is composed of a flexible shape base material 44, a resin layer 43, and a transparent conductive layer 41 that is a functional layer. Since the transparent conductive layer 41 is made of ITO or the like and is fragile, a cleavage portion (crack) is likely to occur. Usually, when a crack occurs, the transparency and conductivity of the transparent conductive layer 41 are significantly impaired. The transparent conductive layer 41 is suitably used as a transparent electrode for liquid crystal displays and organic solar cells.

  However, the flexible shape functional laminate 40 is configured such that the stress concentration portion 45 is formed in a region where the function is not hindered, such as between the pixels 46, and the stress concentration portion 45 is mainly cracked. For this reason, even if a crack occurs, the image quality is hardly lowered. The conductivity can be recovered by impregnating the generated crack with an organic conductive material or the like. If the flexible shape functional laminate 40 is used, a liquid crystal display or an organic solar cell having a flexible shape can be formed.

[Embodiment 3]
In the third embodiment, first, a display method of the incident direction of incident light and the reflection direction of reflected light to be used will be clarified. Next, it corresponds to a modification of the first embodiment and functions as an optical functional laminate. Examples of various flexible shape functional laminates will be described.

<Incoming direction of incident light and reflection direction of reflected light>
FIG. 9 is a perspective view for organizing and showing the incident direction of incident light incident on the flexible shape functional laminate and the reflection direction of reflected light reflected by the flexible shape functional laminate. The flexible shape functional laminate has a flat incident surface S1 on which incident light L is incident. In order to indicate the incident direction of incident light and the reflected direction of reflected light, two declination angles θ and φ are defined as follows. That is, a vertical line standing on the incident surface S1 at the point O where the incident light L enters the incident surface S1 is OP, and a specific half line drawn from the point O to the light source side of the incident light L is OQ. Let θ be the declination of an arbitrary half line starting from O from the normal OP. Then, the deflection angle of the incident light L from the perpendicular OP is θ _L (0 ≦ θ _L ≦ 90 °), and the deflection angle in a direction symmetric to the incident light L with respect to the perpendicular OP is −θ _L (0 ≧ −θ _L ≧ −90 °). Further, an arbitrary half line starting from O is projected onto the incident surface S1, and the declination (azimuth angle) of the obtained half line from the half line OQ is φ. At this time, the angle rotated clockwise from the half straight line OQ is positive, and the angle rotated counterclockwise is negative. Then, the incident light L is projected onto the incident surface S1, and the angle formed by the half line OM and the half line OQ is set to φ _L (−90 ° ≦ φ _L ≦ 90 °). In this way, the incident direction of the incident light L is expressed as (θ _L , φ _L ) using a set (θ, φ) of declination angles θ and φ, and the regular reflection direction is (−θ _L , φ _L + 180 °).

  The direction of the specific half-line OQ described above is a direction in which the reflection intensity at which light incident from the direction (azimuth) in the flexible shape functional laminate is directed and reflected in the same direction (azimuth) is maximized. However, when there are a plurality of directions in which the reflection intensity is maximum, one of them is selected as the half line OQ. For example, in the flexible shape functional laminate 13, the one-dimensional arrangement direction of the reflection surface 7 in the functional layer 1 indicated by the arrow in FIG.

The flexible-shaped functional laminate selectively reflects the light L ₁ in the specific wavelength region of the incident light L in a direction other than the regular reflection direction, while transmitting the light L ₂ outside the specific wavelength region. The flexible shape functional laminate has transparency to the incident light L _2, it is preferable to have a transmission image clarity of the range to be described later. Here, “reflect” means that the reflectance in a specific wavelength region, for example, the near infrared region is preferably 30% or more, more preferably 50% or more, and further preferably 80% or more. And “Transmitting” means that the transmittance in a specific wavelength region, for example, the visible region is preferably 30% or more, more preferably 50% or more, and still more preferably 70% or more.

The wavelength regions of the incident light L ₁ and the incident light L ₂ differ depending on the use of the flexible shape functional laminate. For example, when a functional laminate is provided as an optical layer that absorbs or reflects part of sunlight on architectural glass or wall materials such as high-rise buildings and residences, the incident light L ₁ is near-infrared light. The incident light L ₂ is preferably visible light. More specifically, the incident light L ₁ is preferably near infrared light having a wavelength of 780 to 2100 nm. Light energy poured from sunlight mainly consists of light energy in the visible region with a wavelength of 380 to 780 nm and light energy in the near infrared region with a wavelength of 780 to 2100 nm. By reflecting the light in the near-infrared region, it is possible to prevent the temperature in the building from excessively rising due to light energy poured from the sun. Thereby, the cooling load can be reduced in summer and energy saving can be achieved. Depending on the required characteristics, the incident surface S1 of the flexible shape functional laminate may have irregularities instead of a flat surface.

If the direction in which the incident light L ₁ is directionally reflected is (θ _R , φ _R ), it is preferable that −90 ° ≦ φ _R ≦ 90 ° (0 ≦ θ _R ). Within this range, when the flexible functional laminate is attached to the external support so that the OQ direction is upward, the incident light L ₁ incident from above can be returned upward. . When there are no tall buildings in the vicinity, a flexible shape functional laminate having such characteristics is effective.

In addition, the direction (θ _R , φ _R ) in which the directional reflection is performed is preferably in the vicinity of (θ _L , −φ _L ) or in the vicinity of (θ _L , φ _L ) that is the retroreflection direction. The vicinity means that the deviation from (θ _L , −φ _L ) or (θ _L , φ _L ) is preferably within 5 °, more preferably within 3 °, and even more preferably within 2 °. Say something. Within this range, when the flexible shape functional laminate is affixed to the external support so that the OQ direction is upward, it is incident from the sky even when buildings of the same height are lined up around the periphery. Incident light L ₁ can be efficiently returned to the sky above other buildings.

In order to realize such directional reflection, it is preferable to use, for example, a part of a spherical surface or a hyperboloid, or a side surface of a three-dimensional structure such as a triangular pyramid, a quadrangular pyramid, or a cone. The light incident from the direction (θ _L , φ _L ; where −90 ° <φ _L <90 °) is based on the shape (θ _R , φ _R ; where 0 ° <θ _R <90 It can be reflected to °, −90 ° <φ _R <90 °). Alternatively, a columnar body extending in one direction is preferable. The light incident from the direction (θ _L , φ _L ; where −90 ° <φ _L <90 °) is based on the inclination angle of the columnar body (θ _R , φ _R ; where 0 ° <θ _R <90 °, φ _R = −φ _L ).

  With respect to the image definition mentioned above, the value when using an optical comb of 0.5 mm is preferably 50 or more, more preferably 60 or more, and even more preferably 75 or more. When the value of the map definition is less than 50, the transmitted image tends to appear blurred. If it is 50 or more and less than 60, it depends on the brightness of the outside, but there is no problem in daily life. If it is 60 or more and less than 75, the diffraction pattern is worrisome only for a very bright object such as a light source, but the outside scenery can be clearly seen. If it is 75 or more, the diffraction pattern is hardly noticed. Furthermore, the total value of the mapping definition values measured using optical combs of 0.125 mm, 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, and 2.0 mm is preferably 230 or more, more preferably 270 or more, and further preferably 350 or more. It is. If the total value of the map definition is less than 230, the transmitted image tends to appear blurred. If it is 230 or more and less than 270, it depends on the brightness of the outside, but there is no problem in daily life. If it is 270 or more and less than 350, only the very bright object such as a light source is concerned about the diffraction pattern, but the outside scenery can be seen clearly. If it is 350 or more, the diffraction pattern is hardly a concern. Here, the value of the mapping definition is measured according to JIS K7105 using ICM-1T manufactured by Suga Test Instruments. However, when the wavelength to be transmitted is different from the wavelength of the D65 light source, the measurement is preferably performed after calibration using a filter having the wavelength to be transmitted.

The haze with respect to the wavelength band having transparency is preferably 6% or less, more preferably 4% or less, and still more preferably 2% or less. This is because if the haze exceeds 6%, the transmitted light is scattered and it looks cloudy. Here, haze is measured by a measuring method defined in JIS K7136 using HM-150 made by Murakami Color. However, when the wavelength to be transmitted is different from the wavelength of the D65 light source, it is preferable to perform measurement after calibrating with a filter having a wavelength to be transmitted. The entrance surface S1, preferably the entrance surface S1 and the exit surface S2, of the flexible-shaped functional laminate have smoothness that does not reduce the mapping definition. Specifically, the arithmetic average roughness Ra of the entrance surface S1 and the exit surface S2 is preferably 0.08 μm or less, more preferably 0.06 μm or less, and even more preferably 0.04 μm or less. The arithmetic average roughness Ra is calculated as a roughness parameter by measuring the surface roughness of the incident surface, obtaining a roughness curve from a two-dimensional sectional curve. Measurement conditions are based on JIS B0601: 2001. The measurement apparatus and measurement conditions are shown below.
Measuring device: Fully automatic fine shape measuring machine Surfcoder ET4000A (Kosaka Laboratory Ltd.)
λc: 0.8mm
Evaluation length: 4mm
Cut-off: x5 Data sampling interval: 0.5 μm

  The transparent color of the flexible-shaped functional laminate is as close to neutral as possible, and a light color tone such as blue, blue-green, or green that gives a cool impression even if colored is preferable. In order to obtain such a color tone, the chromaticity coordinates x and y of the transmitted light incident from the incident surface S1, transmitted through the resin layer and the functional layer 1, and emitted from the output surface S2 are, for example, D65 light source For irradiation, preferably 0.20 <x <0.35 and 0.20 <y <0.40, more preferably 0.25 <x <0.32 and 0.25 <y <0. 37, and more preferably 0.30 <x <0.32 and 0.30 <y <0.35. Furthermore, in order for the color tone not to be reddish, it is preferable that y> x−0.02, more preferably y> x.

  In addition, if the color tone of the reflected light changes depending on the incident angle, for example, when applied to a building window, the color tone may vary depending on the location, or the color may appear to change as the pedestrian walks. . In order to suppress such a change in the color tone of the reflected light, the light enters the incident surface S1 or the output surface S2 at an incident angle θ of 0 ° or more and 60 ° or less, and is reflected by the resin layer or the functional layer 1. The absolute value of the difference between the color coordinates x of the reflected light and the absolute value of the difference between the color coordinates y are preferably 0.05 or less, more preferably 0. 03 or less, more preferably 0.01 or less. It is desirable that the limitation of the numerical range regarding the color coordinates x and y of the reflected light is satisfied on both the main surfaces of the incident surface S1 and the exit surface S2.

<Modification 1>
FIG. 10A is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the flexible shape functional laminate 14 based on the first modification. In the flexible shape functional laminate 14, the protective layer 15 has an uneven shape on the surface. The uneven shape and the uneven shape of the functional layer 1 are formed, for example, so that both of the uneven shapes correspond to each other, and the positions of the tops of the convex portions and the lowermost portions of the concave portions of both of them substantially coincide. ing. The uneven shape of the protective layer 15 is preferably gentler than the uneven shape of the functional layer 1.

  The flat part of the protective layer 15 has substantially the same thickness as the height of the top of the functional layer 1 (height relative to the bottom), and has a first volume. Further, the uneven portion of the protective layer 15 is formed on the flat portion with a thickness having the second volume.

  Here, it is preferable that the 2nd volume of an uneven | corrugated | grooved part is 5% or more of the 1st volume of a flat part. In addition, when the energy ray curable resin constituting the protective part 15 has a curing shrinkage rate of 8% by volume or more, the second volume is preferably 15% or more of the first volume. Further, when the energy ray curable resin constituting the protective layer 15 has a curing shrinkage of 13% by volume or more, the second volume is preferably 200% or more of the first volume. Thereby, the residual stress after hardening of energy beam hardening resin can be relieve | moderated, and the fall of the transmittance | permeability of the optical element resulting from the delamination between the functional layer 1 and the protective layer 15 can be prevented. Even when the uneven layer is a flat layer, the same effect can be obtained by setting the volume ratio.

  FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the flexible shape functional laminate 16 based on the first modification. In the flexible shape functional laminate 16, the protective layer 15 is formed only by the flat portion. That is, the protective layer 15 has substantially the same thickness as the height of the top of the functional layer 1 (height relative to the bottom).

<Modification 2>
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of the flexible shape functional laminate 50 based on the first modification. This example corresponds to claim 16. The flexible shape functional laminate 50 is different from the flexible shape functional laminate 13 in that a self-cleaning effect layer 51 that exhibits a cleaning effect is provided on the incident surface. The self-cleaning effect layer 51 includes, for example, a photocatalyst such as titanium oxide TiO ₂ , and dirt substances adhering to the surface of the functional laminate 50 can be uniformly washed away with rainwater or the like due to the hydrophilicity of the photocatalyst. Instead of the self-cleaning effect layer 51, a layer having water repellency (for example, a fluorine-based or silicone-based resin layer having water repellency) may be formed.

  It is preferable that the light incident surface of the functional laminate configured as an optical element is always optically transparent. However, if the functional laminate is installed outdoors or in a room with a lot of dirt, dirt substances adhere to the surface. The dirt material may scatter light and impair optical characteristics. In this modification, by providing the self-cleaning effect layer 51 (layer having hydrophilicity) or the layer having water repellency, it is possible to suppress the adhesion of dirt substances and the like to the surface and to prevent deterioration of optical characteristics. Can do.

<Modification 3>
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of the flexible shape functional laminate 52 based on the third modification. The flexible shape functional laminate 52 is different from the flexible shape functional laminate 13 in that the light L ₂ other than the specific wavelength region is not transmitted but scattered. According to this modification, the light L ₁ in a specific wavelength region such as infrared rays can be directionally reflected, and the light L ₂ other than the specific wavelength region such as visible light can be scattered. If it does in this way, design characteristics like frosted glass can be given to flexible shape functional layered product 52.

FIG. 12A is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of an example 52 a of the flexible shape functional laminate 52. In the functional laminate 52 a, fine particles 53 that scatter the light L ₂ are disposed in the second resin layer 3. The fine particles 53 have a refractive index different from that of the resin mainly constituting the second resin layer 3. The fine particles 53 may be hollow fine particles or the like. The fine particles 53 are at least one of inorganic fine particles and organic fine particles, and include, for example, inorganic fine particles such as silica fine particles and alumina fine particles, styrene resin fine particles, (meth) acrylic resin fine particles, and copolymer fine particles thereof. Organic fine particles. Of these, silica fine particles are particularly preferable.

  12B and 12C are cross-sectional views showing the structures of other examples 52b and 52c of the functional laminate 52, respectively. In the functional laminate 52b, the light diffusion layer 54 is disposed on the light transmission side of the second resin layer 3. In the functional laminate 52 c, the light diffusion layer 55 is disposed between the functional layer 1 and the second resin layer 3. Each of the light diffusion layers 54 and 55 contains a resin and fine particles, and the fine particles are the same as the fine particles 53.

  In the functional laminate 52, it is desirable that a light scattering body such as fine particles that scatter incident light or a light diffusion layer is on the light transmission side of the functional layer 1. This is because if a light scatterer is present between the light incident surface and the functional layer 1, the directional reflection characteristics are impaired. When the flexible shape functional laminate 52 is bonded to a window glass or the like, it may be bonded to either the indoor side or the outdoor side.

<Modification 4>
FIG. 13: is a perspective view (a) which shows the shape of the functional layer 61 based on the modification 4, and sectional drawing (b) which shows the structure of the flexible shape functional laminated body 60. FIG. In FIG. 13A, only the functional layer 61 and the second resin layer 63 are shown for easy viewing. This example corresponds to claim 9. Similar to the functional layer 1, the reflective surface of the functional layer 61 is composed of a large number of reflective surface groups consisting of two types of reflective surfaces 64a and 64b whose planar shape is an elongated rectangle, and a large number of reflective surfaces 64a. And 64b are alternately arranged one-dimensionally in one direction. The long sides of the reflecting surfaces 64a and 64b are parallel to the light incident surface (for example, the surface of the first support 4; see FIG. 13B), but the short sides are light beams. It is inclined with respect to the incident surface at a certain angle. However, unlike the functional layer 1, the reflective surface 64a and the reflective surface 64b are different from each other in the length of the short side and the inclination with respect to the light incident surface. A surface N that bisects the angle formed by the adjacent reflecting surfaces 64a and 64b is inclined by α from the direction orthogonal to the light incident surface. That is, the reflecting surface 64a and the reflecting surface 64b are asymmetric with respect to the bisector N, and the reflecting surface of the functional layer 61 does not have reversal symmetry with respect to the one-dimensional arrangement direction. The direction in which the retroreflectance is maximized in the functional layer 61 is substantially in the bisector N. In the functional layer 61, since the bisecting surface N is not orthogonal to the light incident surface, the direction in which the retroreflectance is maximized is a direction inclined from the direction orthogonal to the incident surface.

  When a functional laminate is affixed to a member that is placed almost perpendicular to the ground, such as window glass, direct light from the sun does not come from below (the ground side), including reflected or scattered light. However, in general, the amount of light incident from above (sky side) is overwhelmingly larger than the amount of light incident from below (ground side). Moreover, the inflow of light energy from the sun is mostly in the time zone around noon, and the altitude of the sun is often higher than 45 °. When the distribution of the incident direction in the incident light is asymmetric in this way, it is more asymmetric (with respect to the one-dimensional arrangement direction) than the flexible functional laminate 13 having a symmetric reflecting surface (with respect to the one-dimensional arrangement direction). In some cases, the near-infrared rays from the sun can be effectively reflected upward (sky side) by arranging the functional laminate 60 having a reflecting surface in an appropriate direction. In this case, it is preferable to select one of the following depending on the reflectance of the functional layer 61.

  When the reflectance of the functional layer 61 is large, the functional laminate 60 is preferably arranged so that the OQ direction, that is, the direction in which the retroreflection intensity is strongest is upward (empty side). By doing so, it is possible to return the incident light incident from above by making use of the retroreflection function of the functional layer 61.

  However, since retroreflection performs regular reflection a plurality of times, when the reflectance of the functional layer 61 is small, the retroreflected reflectance is small. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 13B, the functional laminate 60 is preferably arranged so that the direction in which the bisector N is inclined is downward (ground side). If it does in this way, many lights will enter into the reflective surface 64a with a large area which turned to the upper part among the lights which inject into the functional layer 61 from the upper part, and will be returned upward by one regular reflection.

  As described above, when the incident direction of incident light is not uniform and there is a bias, a symmetrical plane (for example, the bisector) is arranged rather than a functional laminate having a highly symmetrical reflecting surface. N) Or, it may be more effective to arrange the functional laminate having an asymmetric reflecting surface whose symmetry axis is inclined in one direction in an appropriate direction. In the above example, an example in which the reflecting surface is a one-dimensional array has been shown. This is because the functional layer 21 having the double V-groove shape shown in FIG. 5 or the function of the corner cube shape shown in FIG. The same applies to the case where the unit recesses are two-dimensionally arranged like the conductive layer 31.

  For example, when the functional layer 31 has a corner cube shape, when the curvature radius R of the ridge line is large, it is better to incline toward the sky, and in order to suppress downward reflection, the functional layer 31 inclines toward the ground side. Is preferable. Since sunlight is incident on the functional laminate 30 from an oblique direction, it is difficult for light to enter the back of the structure, and the shape on the incident side is important. That is, when the radius of curvature of the ridge portion is large, the retroreflected light decreases, and this phenomenon can be suppressed by tilting toward the sky. Further, in the corner cube-shaped functional layer 31, retroreflection is realized by reflecting the reflection surface three times, but some light may leak in a direction other than the retroreflection due to the two reflections. By tilting the corner cube toward the ground side, a large amount of this leaked light can be returned to the sky. Thus, it may be tilted in either direction depending on the shape and purpose.

<Modification 5>
FIG. 14 is a perspective view (a) showing the shape of the functional layer 66 based on Modification 5, and a cross-sectional view (b) showing the structure of the flexible shape functional laminate 65. In FIG. 14A, only the functional layer 66 and the second resin layer 68 are shown for easy viewing. This example corresponds to claim 10. Similar to the functional layer 1, the reflective surface of the functional layer 66 is composed of a large number of reflective surface groups including one type of reflective surface 64 having a long and narrow rectangular shape. It is arranged one-dimensionally in the direction. The long side of the reflecting surface 64 is parallel to the light incident surface (for example, the surface of the first support 4; see FIG. 14B), but the short side is constant with respect to the light incident surface. It is tilted at an angle of

  It can be considered that the reflective surface of the functional layer 66 is obtained by omitting the reflective surface 64 b from the reflective surface of the functional layer 61 and leaving only the reflective surface 64 a as the reflective surface 69. Since the reflection surface 64b is omitted, the reflection surface of the functional layer 66 does not have a directional reflection function. However, since the reflection surface 64b is omitted, all the light incident on the functional layer 66 from above can be returned upward by one regular reflection by the reflection surface 69 directed upward.

  As described above, since retroreflection performs regular reflection multiple times, when the reflectance of the functional layer is small, the retroreflected reflectance is small. Therefore, when most of the incident light is incident from above, it is advantageous to return the light coming from above upward by one regular reflection by the reflecting surface facing upward. The functional layer 66 based on the modified example 4 is an example of an optical functional layer specialized for such a purpose.

<Modification 6>
FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing the shape of the functional layer 71 based on the sixth modification. For ease of viewing, only the functional layer 71 and the second resin layer 73 of the functional laminate 70 are shown in FIG. The functional layer 71 is a modification of the functional layer 21 shown in FIG. Similar to the reflective surface of the functional layer 21, the reflective surface of the functional layer 71 is configured by regularly arranging a large number of unit recesses 72. However, the reflective surface of the functional layer 71 is different from the reflective surface of the functional layer 21 in that the top has a rounded shape (a shape having a curvature radius R).

<Modification 7>
16 is a plan view (a) showing a two-dimensional arrangement in the functional layer 74 based on the modified example 7, and a sectional view (b) at the positions indicated by the 13B-13B line and the 13C-13C line in the plan view (a). ) And (c). Similar to the functional layer 21 shown in FIG. 5 and the functional layer 31 shown in FIG. 6, the reflective surface of the functional layer 74 is configured by a large number of unit recesses 75 arranged regularly and densely. The unit recess 75 has a rectangular outer plan shape, and a recess having a smooth curved surface is formed inside the rectangle. Similar to the functional layer 21 and the functional layer 31, the functional layer 74 also functions as a retroreflective layer.

<Modification 8>
FIG. 17 is a plan view (a) showing a two-dimensional arrangement in the functional layer based on the modified example 8, and a cross-sectional view (b) at the positions indicated by the lines 14B-14B and 14C-14C in the plan view (a). And (c). Similar to the functional layer 74 shown in FIG. 16, the reflective surface of the functional layer 77 is configured by a large number of unit recesses 78 arranged regularly and densely. The unit recess 78 has a hexagonal outer shape, and a recess having a smooth curved surface is formed inside the hexagon. Similar to the functional layer 74, the functional layer 77 also functions as a retroreflective layer.

[Embodiment 4]
In the fourth embodiment, an example of the functional structure described in claim 20 will be described. The flexible shape functional laminate of the present invention can typically be attached to glass or the like to constitute a functional structure such as a window material. Moreover, the flexible shape functional laminated body of this invention can also be used so that functional structures, such as various interior members and exterior members, may be comprised. Examples of these functional structures include not only members fixed like walls and roofs, but also members that can change the application amount of the optical functional laminate as required, such as seasonal and temporal variations. More specifically, a member capable of adjusting the amount of incident light transmitted to the optical functional laminate by dividing the optical functional laminate into a plurality of elements and changing the angle, for example, a blind Etc. Moreover, the member which applied the optical functional laminated body which can be wound up or folded, for example, a roll curtain etc., is mentioned. Furthermore, a member capable of fixing the optical functional body to a frame or the like and detaching the entire frame as necessary, such as a shoji, can be mentioned.

  As an interior member or exterior member to which the optical flexible shape functional laminate is applied, for example, one constituted by the flexible shape functional laminate itself, a transparent substrate on which the flexible shape functional laminate is bonded, etc. The thing comprised by these is mentioned. By installing such an interior member or exterior member in the vicinity of a window in the room, for example, only infrared light can be directed and reflected outdoors, and visible light can be taken into the room. Therefore, even when an interior member or an exterior member is installed, the need for indoor lighting is reduced. Moreover, since there is almost no scattering reflection to the indoor side by an interior member or an exterior member, the surrounding temperature rise can also be suppressed. In addition, a bonding member other than the transparent base material can be applied according to a necessary purpose such as visibility control and strength improvement.

<Application example 1>
In this application example, the functional laminate is applied to a blind device which is an example of a solar shading device capable of adjusting the shielding amount of incident light by changing the angle of the solar shading member group including a plurality of solar shading members. An example will be described.

  FIG. 18A is a perspective view showing a structure of a blind device 80 which is a solar shading device. The blind device 80 includes a head box 83, a slat group (sunlight shielding member group) 82 including a plurality of slats (wings) 81, and a bottom rail 84. The head box 83 is provided above the slat group 82. A lift cord 85 and a lift operation cord 86 extend downward from the head box 83, and a bottom rail 84 is suspended from the lower ends of these cords. The slat 81 that is a solar radiation shielding member has, for example, an elongated rectangular shape, and is suspended and supported at a predetermined interval by a ladder cord 87 that extends downward from the head box 83.

  The head box 81 is provided with operation means (not shown) such as a rod for adjusting the inclination angle of the slat group 83. The head box 81 changes the inclination angle of the slat group 83 in accordance with the operation of an operating means such as a rod, and adjusts the amount of light taken into the room. The head box 81 also has a function as drive means (elevating means) that elevates and lowers the slat group 83 in accordance with operation of an operating means such as the elevating operation code 86.

  FIG. 18B is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of the slat (wing) 82. The slat 82 includes a base material 88 and a flexible shape functional laminate 89. The flexible shape functional laminate 89 is preferably provided on the incident surface side (for example, the surface side facing the window material) on which external light is incident in a state in which the slat group 83 is closed, of both main surfaces of the base material 88. . The flexible shape functional laminate 89 and the base material 88 are bonded together by, for example, an adhesive layer.

  Examples of the shape of the base material 88 include a sheet shape, a film shape, and a plate shape. As the material of the base material 88, glass, resin material, paper material, cloth material, and the like can be used. In consideration of taking visible light into a predetermined space such as a room, a resin material having transparency is used. It is preferable. As the glass, resin material, paper material, and cloth material, those conventionally known as roll screens can be used. As the flexible shape functional laminate 89, one or two or more of the flexible shape functional laminates according to the above embodiments can be used.

  As a second configuration example of the slats (wings) 82, the flexible shape functional laminate 89 main body may be used as the slats 82. In this case, it is preferable that the flexible shape functional laminate 89 can be supported by the ladder cord 87 and has a rigidity sufficient to maintain the shape in the supported state.

  In this application example, the example in which the flexible shape functional laminate 89 is applied to a horizontal blind device (Venetian blind device) has been described. However, the flexible shape functional laminate 89 may be applied to a vertical blind device (vertical blind device). Good.

<Application example 2>
In this application example, a roll screen device that is an example of a solar shading device that can adjust the shielding amount of incident light by winding or unwinding the solar shading member will be described.

  FIG. 19A is a perspective view showing the structure of a roll screen device 90 which is a solar radiation shielding device. The roll screen device 90 includes a head box 91, a screen 92, and a core member 93. The head box 91 is configured to move the screen 92 up and down by operating an operation unit such as a chain 94. The head box 91 has a winding shaft for winding and unwinding the screen 92 therein, and one end of the screen 92 is coupled to the winding shaft. A core member 93 is coupled to the other end of the screen 92. The screen 92 has flexibility, and the shape thereof is not particularly limited, and is preferably selected according to the shape of a window material to which the roll screen device 90 is applied. For example, the screen 92 has a rectangular shape.

  FIG. 19B is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example of the screen 92. The screen 92 includes a base material 95 and a flexible shape functional laminate 89, and preferably has flexibility. The flexible shape functional laminate 89 is preferably provided on the incident surface side (for example, the surface side facing the window material) on which external light is incident, out of both main surfaces of the base material 95. The flexible shape functional laminate 89 and the base material 95 are bonded together by, for example, an adhesive layer. The configuration of the screen 92 is not limited to this example, and the flexible shape functional laminate 89 may be used as the screen 92.

  Examples of the shape of the base material 95 include a sheet shape, a film shape, and a plate shape. As the material of the base material 95, glass, resin material, paper material, cloth material, and the like can be used. In consideration of taking visible light into a predetermined space such as a room, a resin material having transparency is used. It is preferable. As the glass, resin material, paper material, and cloth material, those conventionally known as roll screens can be used. As the flexible shape functional laminate 89, one or two or more of the flexible shape functional laminates according to the above embodiments can be used.

  Note that although the roll screen device has been described in this application example, the present embodiment is not limited to this example. For example, the present invention can be applied to a solar radiation shielding device that can adjust the amount of incident light shielded by the solar radiation shielding member by folding the solar radiation shielding member. As such a solar radiation shielding device, for example, a pleated screen device that adjusts the shielding amount of incident light by folding a screen that is a solar radiation shielding member in a bellows shape can be exemplified.

<Application example 3>
In this application example, an example will be described in which a functional laminate is applied to a fitting (an interior member or an exterior member) provided with an optical functional body having directional reflection performance in a daylighting unit.

  Fig.20 (a) is a perspective view which shows the structure of the fitting 96 which is a solar radiation shielding member. The joinery 96 includes an optical body 97 in the daylighting portion, and a frame member 98 as a support body in the peripheral portion. As the fitting 96, for example, a shoji can be cited, but the present invention is not limited to this example, and can be applied to various fittings having a daylighting unit. The optical body 97 is fixed by the frame member 98, but it may be configured such that the optical member 97 can be removed by disassembling the frame member 98 as necessary.

  FIG. 20B is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example of the optical body 97. The optical body 97 includes a base material 99 and a flexible shape functional laminate 89. The flexible shape functional laminate 89 is provided on the incident surface side on which the external light is incident, out of both main surfaces of the base material 99. The flexible shape functional laminate 89 and the base material 99 are bonded together by an adhesive layer or the like. The configuration of the optical body 97 is not limited to this example, and the flexible shape functional laminate 89 may be used as the optical body 97.

  The base material 99 is, for example, a flexible sheet, film, or substrate. As the base material 99, glass, resin material, paper material, cloth material, or the like can be used. In consideration of taking visible light into a predetermined space such as a room, a resin material having transparency is used. preferable. As the glass, resin material, paper material, and cloth material, those conventionally known as optical functional bodies of joinery can be used. As the flexible shape functional laminate 89, one type or a combination of two or more types of the flexible shape functional laminate according to the above-described embodiment or modification can be used.

  In the application example described above, the case where the present invention is applied to an interior member or exterior member such as a window member, a slat of a blind device, a screen of a roll screen device, and a fitting is described as an example, but the present invention is limited to this example. However, the present invention can be applied to interior members and exterior members other than those described above.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically by way of examples. However, the present invention is not limited thereby.

In this example, as the flexible shape functional laminate, the following flexible shape functional laminate constituted as an optical functional film that selectively retroreflects near infrared light and transmits visible light was prepared. did.
Example 1 Flexible Shape Functional Laminate 30 (See FIG. 4. The shape of the functional layer 31 is a corner cube shape with a pitch of 100 μm and a height of 47 μm.)
Example 2: Flexible shape functional laminate 13 (see FIG. 2. The shape of the functional layer 1 is a V-groove shape with a pitch of 50 μm and a height of 25 μm.)
Example 3: Flexible shape functional laminate 20 (see FIG. 3. The shape of the functional layer 21 is a double V-groove shape with a pitch of 100 μm and a height of 50 μm.)

In Examples 1 to 3, as a functional layer, the following gallium / aluminum / zinc composite oxide (GAZO) layer and silver neodymium copper alloy (AgNdCu) layer alternating multilayer film (numbers in parentheses are the thicknesses of the layers) (Nm), the same applies hereinafter):
Laminated body (178) of GAZO layer (40), AgNdCu layer (9), GAZO layer (80), AgNdCu layer (9), and G AZO layer (40)
Was made. The at fraction in the gallium / aluminum / zinc composite oxide is Ga ₂ O ₃ : Al ₂ O ₃ : ZnO = 0.57: 0.31: 99.12 at%, and the at fraction in the silver neodymium copper alloy. Is Ag: Nd: Cu = 99.0: 0.4: 0.6 at%.

In Examples 4 and 5, the corner cube-shaped functional layer 31 is composed of alternating multilayer films of a zinc oxide (ZnO) layer and a silver palladium copper alloy (AgPdCu) layer, respectively:
Laminated body (201) of ZnO layer (33), AgNdCu layer (7), ZnO layer (121), AgNdCu layer (7), and ZnO layer (33)
And an alternating multilayer film of a niobium oxide (Nb ₂ O ₅ ) layer, a silver bismuth alloy (AgBi) layer, and a zinc oxide (ZnO) layer:
Nb ₂ O ₅ layer (38), AgBi layer (18), ZnO layer (7), Nb ₂ O ₅ layer (63), AgBi layer (19), ZnO layer (7), Nb ₂ O ₅ layer (33) And a laminate (188) of ZnO layer (3)
It was made with. The functional layer was formed by a sputtering method, and in particular, the metal oxide layer was formed by a low stress reactive sputtering method in which a metal was sputtered in an oxygen atmosphere.

  The resin layer 3 and the protective layer 5 were made of the same material, and Aronix UVX4502 (trade name; manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd., the refractive index after curing was 1.533), which is a urethane acrylate resin. As the flexible substrate 4 and the protective material 6, Cosmo Shine A4300 (trade name; manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., thickness: 75 μm), which is a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, was used.

  On the other hand, in the flexible-shaped functional laminate of Comparative Example 1, a flat urethane acrylate resin layer (thickness: 40 μm) is formed on the above-described PET film using Aronix UVX4502 (trade name). A flat functional layer was formed. As the functional layer, an alternating multilayer film of the above-described gallium aluminum zinc composite oxide (GAZO) layer and silver neodymium copper alloy (AgNdCu) layer was formed. This functional layer has almost no cracks immediately after fabrication. Therefore, a flexible functional laminate of Comparative Example 2 was produced by winding a round bar having a diameter of 15 mm five times to generate cracks in the flat functional layer.

<Production of optical functional film>

  First, as shown in FIG. 6A, a predetermined three-dimensional shape is formed on the surface of a die 19 made of nickel / phosphorus (Ni · P) by cutting with a cutting tool. This three-dimensional shape was the same three-dimensional shape as that of the functional layer 1 when the functional layer 1 was to be produced.

  On the other hand, when the functional layer 21 or the functional layer 31 is to be manufactured, the three-dimensional shape of the surface of the mold 19 is reversed to the three-dimensional unevenness of the functional layer, and the reversed shape is cut. . At this time, the light incident surface is reversed in order to exhibit the effect of the functional layer.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 6B, a resin material layer 3a was formed on the surface of the mold 19 by a coating method. Further thereon, a film-like flexible substrate 4 having a thickness of 100 μm was pressed, and the mold 19, the resin material layer 3a, and the flexible substrate 4 were brought into close contact with each other.

  Next, as shown in FIG.6 (c), the resin material layer 3a was irradiated with the ultraviolet light from the flexible-shaped base material 4 side, the resin monomer and / or the oligomer were hardened, and the resin layer 3 was formed. .

  Next, as shown in FIG. 6 (d), the laminate of the flexible base 4 and the resin layer 3 is peeled off from the mold 19, and the three-dimensional uneven inversion shape on the surface of the mold 19 is transferred. Thus obtained resin layer 3 was obtained.

  Next, as shown in FIG.7 (e), the functional layer 1 was formed into a film so that it might contact | adhere to the surface of the resin layer 3 by sputtering method. As a result, the main surface of the functional layer 1 that is in close contact with the resin layer 3 is formed in the same shape as the three-dimensional shape of the surface of the mold 19.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 7F, a resin material layer 43 was formed on the other main surface of the functional layer 1 by a coating method. After extruding air bubbles from the resin material layer 43, the film-like flexible protective material 6 having a thickness of 100 μm was pressed onto the functional material 1, the resin material layer 43, and the protective material 6.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 7G, the resin material layer 43 was irradiated with ultraviolet light from the side of the flexible protective material 6 to cure the resin monomer and / or oligomer, thereby forming the protective layer 5. . As a result, a flexible shape functional laminate 13 which is a target optical functional film was obtained.

<Difference in crack generation between corner cube functional layer and flat functional layer>
FIG. 21 is an observation image by an optical microscope showing the characteristics (size, generation position, and generation amount) of crack generation in the corner cube-shaped functional layer 31 according to Example 1. The magnification of FIG. 21A is 100 times, and the magnification of FIG. 21B is 500 times. From FIG. 21, it can be seen that the cracks generated in the corner cube-shaped functional layer 31 are concentrated at the ridge line portion where the stress is concentrated, and the length of many cracks is less than 1 pitch (100 μm). .

  FIG. 22 is an observation image by an optical microscope showing characteristics (size, generation position, and generation amount) of crack generation in the flat functional layer according to Comparative Example 2. The magnification in FIG. 22 (a) is 100 times. From FIG. 22, it can be seen that the cracks generated in the flat functional layer are irregularly distributed throughout the layer, and the length of many cracks is 1 mm or more.

<Influence on weather resistance>
When a large crack occurs in the entire functional layer, corrosion due to water vapor or corrosive gas proceeds from that portion, and the function as the functional member may be impaired. Here, the degree of deterioration of the functional layer in the weather resistance test was examined by a decrease in reflectance due to silver oxidation. The reflectance was measured using a spectrophotometer Solid Spec-3700DUV (trade name; manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) in the wavelength region of 300 to 2600 nm. In the weather resistance test, a high-temperature, high-humidity durability test at 60 ° and a relative humidity of 90% was performed for 1000 hours using a thermostatic chamber PR-4KP (trade name; manufactured by Espec Engineering Co., Ltd.).

  FIG. 23 is a reflection spectrum showing the change in reflectance in the visible and near-infrared regions of the functional layer according to Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 before and after the weather resistance test. Table 1 is a table showing changes in average reflectance in the near infrared region (wavelength = 700 to 2500 nm). The reason why the reflectivity in Example 1 is smaller than the reflectivity in Comparative Example 2 is that regular reflection is performed three times in the corner cube-shaped reflective layer. This is because the rate is the third power.

  As shown in FIG. 23 and Table 1, the decrease in reflectance by the weather resistance test is smaller in Example 1 than in Comparative Example 2. This is because, as described above, in Comparative Example 2, long cracks are irregularly generated in the entire flat functional layer, whereas in Example 1, the ridge portion does not contribute to the function of the functional layer 31. This is considered to be because a short crack is generated by concentrating on 38.

<Relationship between water vapor transmission rate and curing period>
Table 2 is a table comparing the water vapor permeability of the flexible shape functional laminate of Comparative Example 1 and a commercially available window film. In addition, the comparative example 1 (no crack) is a structure without the protective layer 5 and the flexible-shaped protective material 6, and the finished product of the comparative example 1 is a structure provided with these (the same applies hereafter). In the table, Sumitomo 3M Infrared Shielding, Riken Technos SS200T, Riken Technos SS1490C are abbreviated as infrared shielding (trade name; manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Co., Ltd.) and RIVEX security type SS200T (trade name; manufactured by Riken Technos Co., Ltd.). ), RIVEX security type SS1490C (trade name; manufactured by Riken Technos Co., Ltd.).

  As shown in Table 2, there is a correlation between the water vapor transmission rate and the water-curing period, and the flexible shape functionality of Comparative Example 1 in which a flat functional layer was prepared from comparison with a commercially available product. In a laminated body, it turns out that a water-vapor-permeation rate is too small and a water pasting curing period becomes too long.

<Improvement of water vapor transmission rate by creating openings>
Table 3 is a table | surface which shows the water-vapor-permeation rate of the flexible shape functional laminated body by Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2. FIG. In the table, the corner cube shape of the functional layer is abbreviated as CCP.

  As shown in Table 3, it can be seen that the water vapor transmission rate can be improved uniformly by the occurrence of cracks, and the water pasting period can be shortened. This also applies to Comparative Example 2. However, as in Comparative Example 2, if long cracks occur irregularly in the entire flat functional layer, it is inconvenient because the weather resistance decreases.

<Drainage evaluation>
JP-A-2000-96009 proposes an evaluation that the adhesive has sufficient drainability if the adhesive strength after 6 hours of water adhesion is 20% or more of the normal adhesive strength (when blank). ing. This index is an index indicating the recovery of the adhesive strength of the pressure-sensitive adhesive, that is, water drainage. However, the water permeability of the film to which the pressure-sensitive adhesive is attached also affects the water drainage. That is, even if the pressure-sensitive adhesive has sufficient water drainage, this index cannot be satisfied when it is bonded to a flexible functional laminate having an inorganic layer with poor water drainage. Therefore, it is possible to estimate the drainage property of the base film from the drainage property of the pressure-sensitive adhesive. Then, the flexible shape functional laminate was bonded to an adhesive (product name: 96A2007, manufactured by Sony Chemical & Information Device Co., Ltd.), and water was applied to the glass to evaluate the recovery of the adhesive strength. Table 4 shows the results.

  The flexible shape functional laminate having an inorganic film having a high water vapor barrier property in Comparative Example 1 could not satisfy this index. However, in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 2, it was found that by providing a cleavage portion (crack), water drainage was improved and the recovery of adhesive force was accelerated. In other words, it was confirmed that the curing period when constructing the flexible shape functional laminate as a window film can be shortened by providing a cleavage portion (crack).

  Although the present invention has been described based on the embodiments and examples, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to these examples and can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist of the invention. .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Functional layer, 2 ... Flexible-shaped base material, 3 ... Resin layer, 3a ... Resin material layer,
4 ... flexible substrate, 5 ... protective layer, 5a ... resin material layer,
6 ... Flexible shape protective material, 7a, 7b ... Reflecting surface,
8 ... Stress concentration part (ridge line part and valley line part), 9 ... Cleavage part (crack),
10-13 ... flexible shape functional laminate,
14, 16 ... flexible shape functional laminate, 15, 17 ... protective layer, 19 ... mold,
20 ... Flexible shape functional laminate, 21 ... Functional layer, 22a-22d ... Reflecting surface,
23 ... Unit recess, 25 ... Protective layer, 30 ... Flexible shape functional laminate,
31 ... Functional layer, 32a to 32c ... Reflecting surface, 33 ... Unit recess, 35 ... Protective layer,
38 ... stress concentration part (ridge line part), 38 ... stress concentration part (ridge line part),
40 ... flexible shape functional laminate, 41 ... transparent conductive layer, 43 ... resin layer,
44: flexible substrate, 45: stress concentration site, 46: pixel,
50 ... Functional laminate, 51 ... Self-cleaning effect layer, 52a-52c ... Functional laminate,
53 ... fine particles, 54, 55 ... light diffusion layer, 60 ... functional laminate, 61 ... functional layer,
62 ... 1st resin layer, 63 ... 2nd resin layer, 64a, 64b ... reflective surface,
65 ... functional laminate, 66 ... functional layer, 67 ... first resin layer, 68 ... second resin layer,
69a, 69b ... reflective surface, 70 ... functional laminate, 71 ... functional layer, 72 ... reflective surface,
73 ... 2nd resin layer, 74 ... Functional layer, 75 ... Reflecting surface, 76 ... 2nd resin layer,
77 ... Functional layer, 78 ... Reflecting surface, 79 ... Second resin layer, 80 ... Blind device,
81 ... slats (wings), 82 ... slats group (sunlight shielding member group), 83 ... head box,
84 ... Bottom rail, 85 ... Elevating cord, 86 ... Elevating operation cord, 87 ... Ladder cord,
88 ... Base material, 89 ... Flexible shape functional laminate, 90 ... Roll screen device,
91 ... Screen, 92 ... Head box, 93 ... Core material, 94 ... Chain, 95 ... Base material,
96 ... Joinery, 97 ... Optical functional body, 98 ... Frame material, 99 ... Base material, 111 ... Substrate,
112 ... Sacrificial layer, 113 ... Inorganic material layer, 114 ... Patterned inorganic material layer

JP 2009-135099 A (Claims 1, pages 5 and 7 and FIG. 2) Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2008-78631 (Claims 1, pages 5 and 6 and FIG. 1)

Claims (16)

A support made of resin and having a three-dimensional shape on the surface;
A functional layer including an inorganic layer, disposed in the three-dimensional shape portion of the support, and having a ridge line part and a valley line part;
Of the functional layer, having a cleavage portion formed in a portion of the stress concentration site that is a ridge line or valley line of the three-dimensional shape,
The flexible shape functional laminate in which the cleavage portion is not formed on the support . The flexible support functional laminate according to claim 1, wherein the support includes a base and a resin layer disposed on the surface of the base and having the three-dimensional shape . The flexible functional laminate according to claim 1, wherein a surface of the functional layer is covered with a protective layer made of a resin . The flexible shape functional laminate according to claim 3 , wherein a protective material is disposed in contact with a surface of the protective layer opposite to a surface in contact with the functional layer. The support has a base material and a resin layer disposed on the base material surface and having the three-dimensional shape,
The flexible shape functional laminate according to claim 3 , wherein the resin layer and the protective layer are made of the same material . 2. The flexible shape according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the support opposite to the three-dimensional shape is a light incident surface, and the optically functional laminate is configured to reflect, absorb, semi-transmit, or transmit incident light. Functional laminate. The flexible functional laminate according to claim 6 , wherein the functional layer is an optical functional layer having directional reflectivity. The reflective surface of the functional layer is composed of a large number of reflective surface groups composed of a first reflective surface group and a second reflective surface group, and the planar shapes of the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface are elongated. In the rectangle, the long sides are the same length, and the long sides are parallel to the light incident surface, but the short sides of the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface are The plurality of first reflection surfaces and the plurality of second reflection surfaces are primary in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the reflection surface. The flexible shape functional laminate according to claim 7 , which is originally alternately arranged. The reflective surface of the functional layer is configured by regularly arranging a large number of unit concave portions or unit convex portions, and the three-dimensional shape of the unit concave portions or unit convex portions is a pyramid, a cone, a hemisphere, or The flexible shape functional laminate according to claim 7 , which has a cylindrical shape. The in-plane direction or the direction of the axis of symmetry of the reflective surface of the functional layer, that is, the direction in which the retroreflectance is maximized or substantially maximized, is inclined from the direction orthogonal to the incident surface. The flexible shape functional laminated body described in 7 . The reflective surface of the functional layer is composed of a single type of singulated and a large number of reflective surface groups, the planar shape of the reflective surface is an elongated rectangle, and its long side is relative to the light incident surface. Although it is parallel, its short side is inclined at a certain angle with respect to the light incident surface, and the reflecting surface is arranged one-dimensionally in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, The flexible shape functional laminate according to claim 7 .   The flexible functional laminate according to claim 1, which is an optical functional laminate that selectively reflects, absorbs, semi-transmits, or transmits incident light in a specific wavelength region. The flexible functional laminate according to claim 12 , wherein the functional layer is an optical functional layer that selectively reflects or transmits incident light in a specific wavelength region. The flexible functional laminate according to claim 13 , wherein the functional layer includes a plurality of layers in which a high refractive index layer and a metal layer are laminated. The flexible functional laminate according to claim 13 , wherein the functional layer includes a plurality of layers in which low dielectric constant layers and high dielectric constant layers are alternately laminated. Comprising a flexible shape functional laminate described in any one of claims 1 to 15 functional structure.