US20110099919A1 - Movable Concrete Foundation, Movable Building, and Method for Manufacturing Concrete Foundation for Movable Building - Google Patents

Movable Concrete Foundation, Movable Building, and Method for Manufacturing Concrete Foundation for Movable Building Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110099919A1
US20110099919A1 US12/996,319 US99631909A US2011099919A1 US 20110099919 A1 US20110099919 A1 US 20110099919A1 US 99631909 A US99631909 A US 99631909A US 2011099919 A1 US2011099919 A1 US 2011099919A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
building
sewage
foundation
sewage treatment
treatment unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/996,319
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English (en)
Inventor
Lasse Ojanen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TEIJO TALOT Oy
Original Assignee
TEIJO TALOT Oy
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TEIJO TALOT Oy filed Critical TEIJO TALOT Oy
Assigned to TEIJO-TALOT OY reassignment TEIJO-TALOT OY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: OJANEN, LASSE
Publication of US20110099919A1 publication Critical patent/US20110099919A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F11/00—Cesspools
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34869—Elements for special technical purposes, e.g. with a sanitary equipment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0012—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from waste water or from condensates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/30—Relating to industrial water supply, e.g. used for cooling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/56—Heat recovery units

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a concrete foundation and a method for manufacturing the same as well as to a movable building with a concrete foundation and sewage piping.
  • a typical concrete foundation according to the invention is made of reinforced concrete.
  • a building for example a residential building, is typically built.
  • the foundation is ready-built at the factory and transported as a uniform ready construction to the building site, i.e. the foundation is a movable concrete foundation.
  • At least one sewage treatment unit to be connected to the sewage piping of the building to be located on the foundation has been integrated to a typical foundation according to the invention, by means of which unit the treatment of the sewage generated in the building is taken care of.
  • This sewage treatment unit may be an emptiable closed container, an emptiable septic tank, a chemical purification unit, a biological purification unit or any other treatment unit suited for the purpose.
  • a movable foundation according to the invention may form the foundation of the building to be built thereon in its entirety or it may form only a part of the foundation of the building.
  • a typical method according to the invention for manufacturing a concrete foundation of a building in a casting mold comprises at least the following stages:
  • the volume of a single sewage treatment unit according to the invention may be for example 0.1 to 10 m 3 or 0.2 to 4 m 3 or 0.3 to 1 m 3 .
  • sewage piping is meant piping intended for transferring water needed in the building, especially the piping intended for transferring used water.
  • sewage pipings there may be several sewage pipings that are separate from each other and intended for different water types. Different water types, of which one or several may have their own pipings or a piping shared with one or several other water types but separate from others, are for example clean drinking water, so-called graywater, treated graywater, rain water, treated rain water, excrement-containing water and treated excrement-containing water.
  • At least one treatment unit has an inlet connection for connecting the treatment unit to the sewage piping of the building. At least one treatment unit may have an outlet connection for leading the sewage out of the treatment unit. At least one treatment unit may have a discharge connection for emptying the treatment unit.
  • the discharge connection may for example be made suitable for a suction hose of a pumping truck.
  • a concrete foundation according to the invention there is a concrete foundation according to the invention and sewage piping.
  • At least one sewage treatment unit connected to the sewage piping of the building is integrated to the foundation of the building for treating the sewage generated in the building.
  • Said sewage treatment unit may be for example a closed container, a septic tank, a chemical purification unit or a biological purification unit.
  • the movable building is by its internal and external structures a prefabricated house substantially ready-built for example in a house factory.
  • the building forms only a part of a building.
  • only the concrete foundation according to the invention is manufactured in a house factory or the like. In that case, the end-user that has bought the foundation can build on the foundation the building he desires.
  • the concrete foundation according to the invention and on it only a part of the ready-built movable building are manufactured in a house factory or the like.
  • the building may for example be ready-built apart from the decoration work.
  • the frame and the roof of the building may be built in a house factory or the like.
  • An advantage of the invention is that it speeds up the process of bringing the building ready for moving in, because the sometimes problematic and labor-consuming connecting to the sewer network or the individual sewage treatment system can be handled later, e.g. after moving in.
  • a further advantage of the invention is that it considerably speeds up and facilitates the building of an individual sewage treatment system, because a considerable part of the treatment system is already integrated to the building. In this case, only the completion of the sewage treatment system readily present in the building with measures to be taken at the building site remains to be done on the working site. Such measures may e.g. be the building of a filter field, if needed. On areas where the sewage has to be collected to an emptiable closed container, with the help of the invention, the excavation work to be done on the building site can be entirely avoided.
  • Yet another advantage of the invention is that by means of it, a part of the heat energy contained in the sewage and of the heat energy generated in the sewage treatment process may be utilized in the heating of the building, whereby savings are accrued as to heating costs.
  • the foundation according to the invention leads heat energy upwards to the floor surface of the building which heat energy may be directly utilized in the heating of the building.
  • the foundation comprises special heat exchange devices for transferring heat energy from the sewage treatment device to the interior of the building.
  • a heat pump known as such
  • recovering heat energy from the water may be placed to the sewage treatment unit.
  • the heat contained in the sewage and the heat generated by the sewage treatment process are thus recovered and transferred to be used for the heating of the building, e.g. to be used in the hydronic floor heating.
  • An arrangement of this kind typically comprises devices known as such, such as heat exchangers and a control unit.
  • rain water is utilized in the system, which water is collected to at least one sewage treatment unit.
  • the rain water may usually be used directly for example as irrigation water.
  • the rain water may also be purified in the system into service water, for example to be used in a shower or a tub.
  • the rain water may be collected for example from the roof of the building by leading the water rained on the roof through gutters and down pipes to its treatment unit.
  • used shower water and other so-called graywater generated in the building for example from a bath tub, a swimming pool or a washing machine may be directed to one sewage treatment unit.
  • the graywater may be treated and recycled for example as toilet flushing water.
  • the treated graywater may be used as irrigation water, car washing water, or it may be released to the nature.
  • the water used in the toilet is directed to its own sewage treatment unit.
  • This unit may be such that a tank truck fetches the sewage.
  • Excrement-containing water may also be treated, and the treated sewage may be directed to the nature, through a filter field, if needed.
  • Treated sewage may in some cases be used also as irrigation water or as car washing water.
  • FIG. 1 shows as an example a building according to the invention seen from the side.
  • FIGS. 2 a , 2 b and 2 c show as examples some embodiments of the foundation according to the invention seen from above.
  • FIG. 1 shows as an example a building according to the invention seen from the side.
  • the building has a foundation 10 made of reinforced concrete, which foundation has a upper surface 12 and a lower surface 14 .
  • On top of the upper surface of the foundation there have been built external walls 16 of a building and a roof 18 on top of them according to a conventional method of construction.
  • Inside the area delimited by the external walls and the roof there are conventional internal structural parts belonging to a building, such as partition walls, a floor, a ceiling, inside doors, and fixtures, as well as heating, plumbing, ventilation and electrical systems.
  • the building may be substantially ready-made by its internal and external parts to a so-called prefabricated house or to the grade of readiness desired by the client.
  • sewage treatment units 20 integrated as a part of the foundation.
  • the integration has been performed so that the treatment units 20 have been placed inside the casting molds before the concrete of the foundation has been cast, whereafter the concrete has been cast to the mold. After the hardening of the concrete, the treatment units remain as an integral part of the concrete foundation.
  • the reinforcement needed by the foundation, the sewage piping for the floor of the building and other possible piping and wiring needed by the technical systems of the house have been mounted inside the molds before the casting of the concrete.
  • these are not especially within the scope of the invention, thus they are not described further in this connection.
  • Sewage treatment units 20 are dimensioned so that their upper surface facing the room space of the building remains below the level defined by the upper surface 12 of the foundations and their lower surface facing the soil surface extends at most to the level defined by the lower surface 14 of the foundations.
  • the lower surface of the treatment units is set in the ready construction a little above the level defined by the lower surface of the foundations.
  • the treatment units are placed clearly apart from the outer surfaces of the foundations. Thereby after casting of the concrete, the treatment units become entirely surrounded by concrete at least at their upper surface and lateral surfaces.
  • the concrete layer to be formed on the upper surface of the treatment units forms the floor slab of the building. The concrete shields the treatment units during the later building stages of the building and during transport and lifting of prefabricated houses.
  • the ready-made foundation may be safely laid onto a leveled gravel bed, because the loads of the foundations are transferred to the gravel bed via the concrete parts of the foundations without causing strains on the sewage treatment units.
  • the sewage treatment units 20 may be surrounded by a suitable insulation material, for example by polystyrene, expanded polystyrene or another insulator.
  • a suitable insulation material for example by polystyrene, expanded polystyrene or another insulator.
  • the lower surface and/or the lateral surfaces of the treatment units 20 are insulated but the upper surface is not. In that case, the heat energy gets to move especially upwards, to the building above the foundation.
  • sewage treatment units 20 In a prefabricated house according to the invention, it is possible to use several different sewage treatment units 20 .
  • the choice of a suitable treatment unit may be done always case by case according to the client's wishes, the soil and/or groundwater conditions of the building site or the purpose of use of the building.
  • FIG. 2 a shows as a principle picture an embodiment of the foundation 10 of the building according to the invention seen from above.
  • an outer edge 11 of the foundations is shown with a uniform line.
  • Each closed container has a discharge connection 22 , the end of which extends to the outside of the outer edge of the foundation.
  • At the end of the discharge connection there is an openable lid 23 .
  • the closed containers are connected to each other with connecting pipes 24 , through which the sewage may flow from one container to another.
  • At least one closed container has an inlet connection 26 that is connected to the sewage piping 30 of the building.
  • the closed containers When the closed containers are filled up, they will be sucked empty through discharge connections, and the sewage is transported to a sewage treatment plant for further treatment.
  • the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 2 a is suitable for being used for example in building sites where there is no centralized sewer network and where it is not allowed to absorb the sewage to the ground.
  • FIG. 2 b shows as an example a second embodiment of the foundation of the building according to the invention.
  • the first closed containers are similar to those in the embodiment of the FIG. 2 a , and excrement-containing sewage generated in the building are directed to them.
  • the second closed containers may be similar to the first closed containers as to their structure, and the so-called graywaters, i.e. sewage other than the excrement-containing sewage, generated in the building is directed to them.
  • the second closed containers are connected to each other with connecting pipes 24 as a queue.
  • the inlet connection 26 through which the “gray” sewage flows to the other closed containers, and in the last closed container of the queue, there is an outlet connection 32 , through which the graywater may be directed out of the container.
  • the outlet connection may be connected for example to a sewage filter field 100 built to the site, with which filter field the sewage is absorbed to the ground.
  • the sewage in the second closed containers may also be used for example as irrigation water for lawns and plants in courtyard areas.
  • the first closed containers to which only excrement-containing sewage is gathered are emptied at need e.g. with a pumping truck.
  • FIG. 2 c shows as an example a third embodiment of the movable foundation according to the invention.
  • the sewage treatment system integrated to the foundation comprises five treatment units that have been connected with connecting pipes 24 as a queue.
  • the first treatment unit 20 d of the queue there is an inlet connection 26 , through which the sewage flows into the units, and in the last treatment unit 20 e of the queue, there is an outlet connection 32 , through which the sewage is directed out of the units to a sewage filter field 100 built to the site.
  • the three middlemost treatment units are septic tanks 20 c in which the solid matters of the sewage are separated from the sewage water by depositing on the bottom of the septic tanks.
  • the first treatment unit of the queue is a chemical purification unit 20 d, in which a chemical coagulant is admixed to the sewage in order to precipitate the nutrients that are in soluble form to depositing particles.
  • the chemical purification unit typically comprises a chemical container for the chemical coagulant and a dispenser that are connected to the purification unit (the chemical container and the dispenser are not shown in the figure).
  • the chemical container and the dispenser are placed outside the foundation inside the building for example to a service room in which the filling of the chemical container is easy.
  • the last purification unit in the queue is a biological purification unit 20 e, in which the biological purification of the sewage takes place by means of decomposer bacteria.
  • a biological purification unit there may be filler material functioning as a substrate for microbes, such as plastic discs, as well as a sewage aerator (the filler material and the aerator are not shown in the figure).
  • filler material and the aerator are not shown in the figure.
  • Purifying the sewage chemically by means of a chemical coagulant and biologically by means of decomposer bacteria is prior art technique known as such that is used in several different individual small-size purifiers on the market, thus their structure and functioning are not described further in this connection.
  • Septic tanks 20 c are emptied at need, just as the closed containers.
  • FIGS. 2 a , 2 b and 2 c show some embodiments of the movable foundation according to the invention. It is clear to a person skilled in the art that sewage treatment units shown in them as examples may be combined and placed to the foundation in different ways. For example, the number of septic tanks and closed containers may vary, and the chemical and/or the biological purification unit may be arranged in connection with a septic tank. Nor is the invention limited solely to the use of the above-described treatment units but any kinds of suitable sewage treatment units, such as different filters, may be used in it.
  • a movable concrete foundation according to the invention is ready-made at the factory, and on top of the foundation, a building is built at the factory.
  • the building may be manufactured to any grade of readiness desired by the client, such as to a so-called cover from weather stage, to be ready for decoration or to a prefabricated house substantially entirely ready at its internal and external parts.
  • the foundation and the building on top of it are transported as one complex to the building site and laid to its place for example on a leveled gravel bed. After this, connecting to the electrical and water supply networks as well as eventual supplemental installation and building work of the sewage system are performed, whereafter the building is ready for moving in.
  • the foundation according to the invention may also be transported solely to the building site after manufacturing, whereby the building to be built on top of the actual foundation is built only at the building site.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Biological Wastes In General (AREA)
US12/996,319 2008-06-04 2009-06-04 Movable Concrete Foundation, Movable Building, and Method for Manufacturing Concrete Foundation for Movable Building Abandoned US20110099919A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20085549 2008-06-04
FI20085549A FI20085549L (fi) 2008-06-04 2008-06-04 Siirrettävä betoniperustus, siirrettävä rakennus ja menetelmä siirrettävän rakennuksen betoniperustuksen valmistamiseksi
PCT/FI2009/050478 WO2009147300A1 (en) 2008-06-04 2009-06-04 Movable concrete foundation, movable building, and method for manufacturing concrete foundation for movable building

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US20110099919A1 true US20110099919A1 (en) 2011-05-05

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US12/996,319 Abandoned US20110099919A1 (en) 2008-06-04 2009-06-04 Movable Concrete Foundation, Movable Building, and Method for Manufacturing Concrete Foundation for Movable Building

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US (1) US20110099919A1 (fi)
EP (1) EP2313567A1 (fi)
FI (2) FI20085549L (fi)
WO (1) WO2009147300A1 (fi)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220072733A1 (en) * 2019-04-09 2022-03-10 Beijing Huashang Luhai Technology Co., Ltd. Method for 3d printing prefabricated modular buildings

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107399813B (zh) * 2017-08-25 2018-03-27 河南文博建设工程有限公司 一种利用既有建筑筏形基础设置化粪池的方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3811722A (en) * 1972-12-07 1974-05-21 G Jones Foundation structure for mobile home
US3986344A (en) * 1975-06-16 1976-10-19 Newman Merle E Method and means for reclaiming heat from a sewage disposal system
US4633629A (en) * 1982-06-28 1987-01-06 Earthship Enterprise, Inc. Modular building structure
US7025076B2 (en) * 2002-08-30 2006-04-11 Charles River Watershed Association Rainwater recovery system
US20090282754A1 (en) * 2008-05-19 2009-11-19 Timothy Watson Foundational Cistern
US7971602B2 (en) * 2006-12-05 2011-07-05 David Lewis Systems and methods for the collection, retention and redistribution of rainwater and methods of construction of the same

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05311677A (ja) * 1992-05-14 1993-11-22 Tategu Sogo Shosha Futaba:Kk 構築物用基礎ユニットの製造方法
WO2005056936A1 (en) * 2003-12-09 2005-06-23 Manuel, Mellisa Joy Slab tank
WO2007016721A1 (en) * 2005-08-05 2007-02-15 New Water Pty Ltd Storage of water, rainwater or grey water or other liquids beneath a concrete floor slab

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3811722A (en) * 1972-12-07 1974-05-21 G Jones Foundation structure for mobile home
US3986344A (en) * 1975-06-16 1976-10-19 Newman Merle E Method and means for reclaiming heat from a sewage disposal system
US4633629A (en) * 1982-06-28 1987-01-06 Earthship Enterprise, Inc. Modular building structure
US7025076B2 (en) * 2002-08-30 2006-04-11 Charles River Watershed Association Rainwater recovery system
US7971602B2 (en) * 2006-12-05 2011-07-05 David Lewis Systems and methods for the collection, retention and redistribution of rainwater and methods of construction of the same
US20090282754A1 (en) * 2008-05-19 2009-11-19 Timothy Watson Foundational Cistern

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220072733A1 (en) * 2019-04-09 2022-03-10 Beijing Huashang Luhai Technology Co., Ltd. Method for 3d printing prefabricated modular buildings
US12030211B2 (en) * 2019-04-09 2024-07-09 Beijing Huashang Luhai Technology Co., Ltd. Method for 3D printing prefabricated modular buildings

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2313567A1 (en) 2011-04-27
FI8583U1 (fi) 2010-01-14
FI20085549L (fi) 2009-12-05
WO2009147300A1 (en) 2009-12-10
FIU20090220U0 (fi) 2009-06-04
FI20085549A0 (fi) 2008-06-04

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Owner name: TEIJO-TALOT OY, FINLAND

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:OJANEN, LASSE;REEL/FRAME:025472/0548

Effective date: 20101208

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION