US20110061837A1 - Systems and methods of thermal energy storage - Google Patents

Systems and methods of thermal energy storage Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20110061837A1
US20110061837A1 US12/881,102 US88110210A US2011061837A1 US 20110061837 A1 US20110061837 A1 US 20110061837A1 US 88110210 A US88110210 A US 88110210A US 2011061837 A1 US2011061837 A1 US 2011061837A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
heat transfer
transfer fluid
granular material
sand
conveyor drum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/881,102
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Sheldon M. Jeter
Jacob H. Stephens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
U S Solar Holdings LLC
Original Assignee
U S Solar Holdings LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by U S Solar Holdings LLC filed Critical U S Solar Holdings LLC
Priority to US12/881,102 priority Critical patent/US20110061837A1/en
Priority to US13/008,888 priority patent/US9377246B2/en
Publication of US20110061837A1 publication Critical patent/US20110061837A1/en
Priority to US13/305,542 priority patent/US20120132398A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0056—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using solid heat storage material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D11/00—Heat-exchange apparatus employing moving conduits
    • F28D11/02—Heat-exchange apparatus employing moving conduits the movement being rotary, e.g. performed by a drum or roller
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the present disclosure is in the technical field of Thermal Energy Storage (TES).
  • TES Thermal Energy Storage
  • heat transfer fluid In concentrated solar power (CSP) or similar energy systems, heat transfer fluid (HTF) is used to convey energy from the heat source to and/or from the energy conversion or use system.
  • the heat source is an array of concentrating solar collectors, and the energy conversion system is typically a heat engine such as a steam cycle or organic Rankine cycle.
  • the functionality and, potentially, the economic worth of the system is enhanced by (TES).
  • TES The benefit of TES comes from extending the operating time of the energy conversion system or shifting the time of energy production to a more favorable time when energy is more valuable.
  • TES technologies have been developed, particularly for CSP applications, including the two-tank TES system and the single-tank thermocline, both of which have direct and indirect variations (referring to whether the HTF and thermal storage medium are the same or are segregated and interfaced through a heat exchanger).
  • Each of these technologies has pros and cons related to system cost effectiveness, commercial history, and operational attributes.
  • a two-tank system using HTF with high vapor pressure requires plants at high temperature HTFs requires costly pressurized storage tanks.
  • Systems with molten salt varieties as a HTF and/or thermal storage media require specialized tanks and heat exchanger designs.
  • the single-tank thermocline can be a cheaper option due to reduced capital costs, yet must consider the same issues with the type of HTF used.
  • current TES technologies require heat transfer fluids and thermal storage mediums with significant cost and design implications.
  • thermal energy storage systems and methods that can effectively use inexpensive materials as a storage medium and are compatible with a variety of heat transfer fluids.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide alternatives to, and alleviate many of the disadvantages of TES systems by providing thermal energy storage devices, systems and methods which utilize granular materials as a thermal energy storage medium that is compatible with a variety of HTFs.
  • Exemplary embodiments include a heat exchanger that is comprised of an Archimedes screw conveyor design to transport sand over an internal HTF tube bundle, which contains heat transfer fluid used to store and remove heat from the sand.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure effectively use sand, a relatively inexpensive and environmentally benign material, as a thermal storage medium while also providing heat transfer and heat exchange capabilities.
  • Alternative granular materials would include other high temperature tolerant particles.
  • Advantages of the disclosed systems and methods include, but are not limited to: (1) use of sand or other inexpensive and inert granular material as the storage medium, which is environmentally benign, inexpensive, non-volatile, acceptable in thermal properties, (2) delivery of a constant temperature heat from the silos since a constant temperature will be maintained in the bins irrespective of current sand volume, (3) compatibility with a variety of HTF fluids, as the design is working-fluid independent, (4) achievement of high “round trip thermal efficiency” since energy loss is minimal, and (5) applicability to other CSP technology and other thermal systems.
  • a system of energy storage and release comprises at least one storage vessel and a combined conveyor and heat transfer device linked to the at least one storage vessel by at least one discharge device.
  • the combined conveyor and heat transfer device includes a rotatable conveyor drum and at least one heat transfer fluid conduit within the rotatable conveyor drum.
  • a granular material travels from the at least one storage vessel to the combined conveyor and heat transfer device via the at least one discharge device.
  • the rotatable conveyor drum moves the granular material therethrough in counterflow to a flow of heat transfer fluid traveling through the heat transfer fluid conduit.
  • the granular material is sand.
  • the rotatable conveyor drum may be an Archimedes screw and may comprise one or more vanes fixed to an inner surface of the drum.
  • the one or more vanes may be spiral shaped, longitudinally straight, substantially T-shaped or substantially V-shaped in cross-section to distribute the granular material over the heat transfer fluid conduits.
  • the at least one heat transfer fluid conduit may comprise a plurality of tubes arranged in a bundle.
  • when the rotatable conveyor drum rotates the granular material pours over the at least one heat transfer fluid conduit such that heat exchange occurs between the granular material and the heat transfer fluid.
  • the one or more vanes may pick up and rain the granular material over the at least one heat transfer fluid conduit.
  • the at least one storage vessel comprises a first and second storage vessel, and the first storage vessel has a higher temperature than the second storage vessel.
  • the at least one storage vessel may be located above or below ground level and may have at least one angled wall.
  • the stored energy is heat gathered by, or discharged to, a concentrating solar thermal power plant.
  • Exemplary embodiments include methods of storing thermal energy.
  • Exemplary methods comprise providing a granular material and a heat transfer fluid.
  • the heat transfer fluid has a temperature relatively higher than a temperature of the granular material.
  • the granular material and the heat transfer fluid are conveyed such that the granular material continually pours over a tube carrying the heat transfer fluid such that heat exchange occurs between the granular material and the heat transfer fluid.
  • a set of vanes may direct the pouring of the conveyed granular material, and the granular material may be sand.
  • the granular material may travel in overall counterflow to a flow of heat transfer fluid or in overall cocurrent flow to the flow of heat transfer fluid.
  • Exemplary methods may further include methods of releasing stored thermal energy comprising providing a granular material and a heat transfer fluid.
  • the granular material has a temperature relatively higher than a temperature of the heat transfer fluid.
  • the granular material and the heat transfer fluid are conveyed such that the granular material pours over a tube carrying the heat transfer fluid such that heat exchange occurs between the granular material and the heat transfer fluid.
  • a combined conveyor and heat transfer device comprises a rotatable conveyor drum and at least one heat transfer fluid conduit within the rotatable conveyor drum.
  • the rotatable conveyor drum moves a granular material therethrough in counterflow to a flow of heat transfer fluid traveling through the heat transfer fluid conduit.
  • the rotatable conveyor drum may be an Archimedes screw. When the rotatable conveyor drum rotates, the granular material pours over the at least one heat transfer fluid conduit such that heat exchange occurs between the granular material and the heat transfer fluid.
  • the rotatable conveyor drum may be capable of rotating at one or more speeds.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present disclosure, showing a thermal energy storage and release system with above ground storage vessels containing sand thermal storage medium;
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of an embodiment of a rotatable conveyor drum containing the heat transfer tube bundle in accordance with the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3A is a side view of an embodiment of a rotatable conveyor drum containing an embodiment of a heat transfer tube bundle in accordance with the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3B is a side view of an embodiment of a rotatable conveyor drum containing an embodiment of a heat transfer tube bundle in accordance with the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a top view of an embodiment of a supply and return piping arrangement for a heat transfer tube bundle in accordance with the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a thermal energy storage and release system with in-ground storage vessels containing sand thermal storage medium in accordance with the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a side view of an embodiment of a thermal energy storage and release system with in-ground storage vessels during the thermal energy storage charging process in accordance with the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a side view of an embodiment of a thermal energy storage and release system with in-ground storage vessels during the thermal energy discharge process in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a side view of an embodiment of a storage vessel of a thermal energy storage and release system in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 depicts an exemplary embodiment of a thermal energy storage system (sometimes referred to herein as “sand-shifter”) that uses a very inexpensive and benign storage medium: sand or similar granular material.
  • a sand-shifter thermal energy storage system consist of a higher temperature above ground vessel 2 as well as a lower temperature above-ground storage vessel 3 , each filled with sand to function as the thermal energy storage medium.
  • the lower temperature above ground storage vessel 3 contains only moderately warm sand that is available to be heated and store energy, and the higher temperature above ground storage vessel 2 contains hot sand after it has been heated to store energy.
  • a system of energy storage and release 30 includes a combined conveyor and heat transfer device 40 comprising a conveyor 1 , which may be an Archimedes screw conveyor and heat transfer fluid inner heat transfer tube bundle 8 .
  • a conveyor 1 which may be an Archimedes screw conveyor and heat transfer fluid inner heat transfer tube bundle 8 .
  • the sand or similar granular material is moved by the conveyor in a direction 35 roughly in counterflow to the flow 38 of the heat transfer fluid 28 , but cocurrent flow may also be employed.
  • the HTF 28 will be circulated through a heat transfer tube bundle to contact the sand within the conveyor 1 .
  • the heat transfer tube bundle 8 may be one of various designs including a tube bundle of pipes, bare tubes, finned tubes, and/or plate heat exchangers; where the design consists of the basic concept of effectively transporting heat transfer fluid through the conveyor 1 to come into contact with the sand thermal energy storage medium.
  • FIG. 1 provides an illustration of how the HTF heat transfer tube bundle 8 may be configured within the conveyor 1 , which will pour sand or similar granular material 15 over the HTF 28 to adsorb or give up heat depending on whether the sand is being heated or cooled.
  • Sand or other granular material enters the conveyor 1 via the horizontal discharge augers (or other suitable conveyor) 9 , 10 , and sand is recovered to the top of the storage vessels via vertical conveyors 6 , 7 .
  • the granular material might be moved between the top and the bottom of a single vessel. It is also understood that the heat transfer tube bundle may employ finned tubes to promote heat transfer and distribution of the sand.
  • the lower temperature sand is removed from the lower temperature above ground storage vessel 3 , heated by the heat transfer tube bundle 8 containing higher temperature HTF 28 from the solar collector field 4 , 5 and transferred to the higher temperature above ground storage vessel 2 .
  • the higher temperature above ground storage vessel 2 will be largely full of hot sand.
  • hot sand will be returned to the lower temperature above ground storage vessel 3 while stored heat in the sand is recovered by warm outlet HTF.
  • the practical design shown allows free expansion and contraction of the metal parts to account for thermal expansion.
  • An exemplary conveyor used to move the sand is a variation of an Archimedes screw.
  • the Archimedes screw is normally used as a type of lift pump. In this case, it is used as a sand conveyor and heat exchanger.
  • the Archimedes screw conveyor 1 is a rotating sand conveyor drum 11 with one or more spiral vanes 12 fixed to the inner surface of the drum. As the drum turns, the spiral vane 12 pushes the sand 15 along the bottom of the rotating drum 11 .
  • the Archimedes screw has no close sliding fits to achieve this pushing motion; indeed, there is no sliding metal-to-metal contact at all.
  • a set of longitudinal straight vanes 13 acts to simultaneously lift and convey the sand 15 over the heat transfer tube bundle 8 containing the heat transfer fluid (HTF) 28 .
  • HTF heat transfer fluid
  • the HTF 28 flowing in the tubes 8 is made to either adsorb or give up heat.
  • vertical conveyors 6 , 7 will top-load each storage vessel, and horizontal discharge augers or other conveyors 9 , 10 will unload them from below.
  • the Archimedes screw sand conveyor 1 has the great advantage that switching the direction of rotation changes the direction of the motion of the sand. This feature makes it is easy to change the direction of the motion of the sand as the system is switched between the heat storage function and the heat recovery function.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 Details of the Archimedes screw conveyor 1 are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 .
  • the spiral vane 12 (the “screw” of the Archimedes screw) is shown attached to the interior of a drum 11 . Inside the drum 11 , is shown a heat transfer tube bundle 8 containing the HTF 28 . As the drum 11 rotates, sand or other granular material 15 is pushed along laterally by the screw spiral vane 12 .
  • An advantageous feature is that the drum also carries a series of longitudinal vanes 13 that pick up and rain the sand 15 over the tube bundle, thus providing heat exchange as the sand 15 is conveyed ( FIG. 3 ).
  • the Archimedes screw has no close sliding fits and no sliding metal to metal contact at all, which is in contrast to an auger or screw conveyor.
  • the sand 15 pours over the pipes, either charging the HTF 28 with heat from hot sand or, conversely, charging the sand 15 with heat from the hot HTF 28 .
  • the tubes may be equipped with longitudinal or transverse fins to increase the outside heat-transfer area and to retard and redirect the fall of the conveyed sand 15 providing adequate time for heat transfer to or from the sand.
  • the function of the tubes and fins is analogous to the action of the so-called “fill” in a cooling tower or packed column.
  • the rotating drum 11 will be insulated 14 to avoid heat losses.
  • the fins may have additional features to improve the contact between the flowing sand and the base tubes.
  • the tubes may have elongated or elliptical shapes to improve the contact and heat transfer with the sand.
  • the preferred “tube” cross section may be more plate like or similar to an elongated rectangular passage than a generally circular “tube”.
  • FIG. 3B illustrates an exemplary embodiment in which the sand or similar granular material 15 is moved by the conveyor in a direction 35 roughly in cocurrent flow to the flow 38 of the heat transfer fluid 28 .
  • FIG. 4 An overhead view of the supply and return piping, including the heat transfer tube bundle 8 is shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the heat transfer tube bundle 8 is integrated into the plant via inlet and outlet large central large diameter pipes 16 , 17 . These pipes are connected to the heat transfer tube bundle 8 through left and right hand large diameter pipes 18 , 19 , which are in turn connected to left and right hand plenums 20 , 21 .
  • the plenums 20 , 21 handle the transfer of HTF 28 between the large diameter pipes and the heat transfer tube bundle 8 .
  • the structural outriggers support the heat transfer tube bundle and both plenums at each end. This allows free expansion from the central support to account for thermal expansion.
  • FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the sand-shifter thermal energy storage system with an in ground storage vessel setup. The main difference in this system is the need for vertical conveyors 24 , 25 to transport sand out of the higher temperature in ground storage vessel 22 and lower temperature in ground storage vessel 23 .
  • Embodiments of charging processes to store thermal energy in the sand are shown by a side view in FIG. 6 .
  • This process will be largely similar regardless if practiced with in ground or above ground storage vessels.
  • Higher temperature heat transfer fluid inlet from the solar collector field 5 flows into the sand-shifter system by way of an inlet large diameter supply pipe 16 .
  • the hot HTF 28 flows through the left hand large diameter pipe (LHLDP) 18 into the left hand plenum (LHP) 20 .
  • LHLDP left hand large diameter pipe
  • LHP left hand plenum
  • hot HTF is distributed to the heat transfer inner flow core 8 , and flows to the right in counterflow to the conveyed sand 15 .
  • the lower temperature sand is lifted out of the lower temperature in ground storage vessel 23 via a vertical conveyor 24 and enters the Archimedes screw sand conveyor 1 from a horizontal discharge auger 27 or other suitable conveyor.
  • Heat transfer fluid 28 exchanges heat with conveyed sand 15 roughly in counterflow until it reaches right hand plenum (RHP) 21 .
  • HTF flows are combined in the RHP 21 and directed into the right hand large diameter pipe (RHLDP) 19 , which is now used as the return pipeline.
  • the conveyed sand 15 exits the Archimedes screw and enters storage vessel 22 view auger 26 .
  • Warm HTF in the RHLDP 19 returns to the outlet central large diameter pipe 17 and exits the Thermal Energy Storage system.
  • Embodiments of Discharging Processes to release stored thermal energy and heat the HTF are shown by a side view in FIG. 7 . Again, this process will be largely similar regardless if practiced with in ground or above ground storage vessels.
  • the operation of heating the HTF 28 is accomplished by using hot sand stored in the higher temperature in ground storage vessel 22 .
  • Warm HTF 28 flows in by way of an inlet large diameter supply pipe 16 and then flows in the right hand large diameter pipe (RHLDP) 19 into the right hand plenum (RHP) 21 .
  • RHP 21 warm HTF 28 , is distributed to multiple pipes in the heat transfer tube bundle 8 and flows to the left in counterflow to the conveyed sand 15 .
  • the hot sand is conveyed 15 from the higher temperature in ground storage vessel 22 into the Archimedes screw conveyor 1 via vertical conveyor 24 and horizontal discharge auger 26 or other suitable conveyor and exchanges heat with the warm HTF roughly in counterflow.
  • the warm sand reaches the end of the Archimedes screw conveyor 1 , it is returned to the lower temperature in ground storage vessel 23 where it awaits the Charging Process.
  • the now hot HTF reaches the left hand plenum (LHP) 20 and is directed into the left hand large diameter pipe 18 , now used as the return pipeline. Hot HTF then returns to the outlet large diameter supply pipe 17 and exits the Thermal Energy Storage system to produce usable energy.
  • LHP left hand plenum
  • the storage vessels 102 , 103 may have angled walls 132 to facilitate flow of granular materials 15 into and out of the storage vessels during operation.
  • the wall angle may be about 30° or greater. This advantageous configuration can be employed in either above ground or in-ground storage vessels.
  • embodiments of the disclosed systems and methods are used to store heat gathered during the day that is not needed for power generation or that is in excess of the heat needed for power generation at some time. This heat will be stored and used to generate power when needed, such as during afternoon peaking periods, or during the evening and nighttime.
  • the basic concept of the sand shifter may be applicable in other applications in power generation cycles, in materials processing, or in other heat and mass transfer applications.
  • good heat transfer performance is obtained by raining the sand 15 over a heat transfer tube bundle 8 carrying the HTF used to convey heat alternatively from the collector field or to a power conversion plant.
  • heat transfer coefficients moderately approximating the performance seen in similarly-agitated fluidized beds will be achieved.
  • Good heat exchange effectiveness means close approach of the thermal storage medium to the inlet temperature of the HTF during charging of the storage and close approach of the HTF temperature to the maximum temperature of the storage medium during discharge. This good effectiveness will be obtained by heating sand or alternatively removing heat from the sand while moving the sand to or from a higher temperature above ground storage vessel 2 in a novel conveyor that doubles as a counter flow heat exchanger.
  • the counter flow arrangement promotes high effectiveness.
  • the sand storage containers will be simple and inexpensive insulated silos or bins above ground or buried pits.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
US12/881,102 2009-09-13 2010-09-13 Systems and methods of thermal energy storage Abandoned US20110061837A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/881,102 US20110061837A1 (en) 2009-09-13 2010-09-13 Systems and methods of thermal energy storage
US13/008,888 US9377246B2 (en) 2010-01-18 2011-01-18 High temperature solar thermal systems and methods
US13/305,542 US20120132398A1 (en) 2009-09-13 2011-11-28 Systems and methods of thermal energy storage and release

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US24190909P 2009-09-13 2009-09-13
US12/881,102 US20110061837A1 (en) 2009-09-13 2010-09-13 Systems and methods of thermal energy storage

Related Child Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/008,888 Continuation US9377246B2 (en) 2010-01-18 2011-01-18 High temperature solar thermal systems and methods
US13/008,888 Continuation-In-Part US9377246B2 (en) 2010-01-18 2011-01-18 High temperature solar thermal systems and methods
US13/305,542 Continuation-In-Part US20120132398A1 (en) 2009-09-13 2011-11-28 Systems and methods of thermal energy storage and release

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20110061837A1 true US20110061837A1 (en) 2011-03-17

Family

ID=43729325

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/881,102 Abandoned US20110061837A1 (en) 2009-09-13 2010-09-13 Systems and methods of thermal energy storage

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20110061837A1 (cs)
EP (1) EP2475885A4 (cs)
IL (1) IL218608A0 (cs)
IN (1) IN2012DN02144A (cs)
WO (1) WO2011032111A2 (cs)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130068445A1 (en) * 2011-09-15 2013-03-21 Henrik Stiesdal Modification of a spatial temperature profile along a heat exchanging arrangement of a thermal energy storage and recovery device
USD763418S1 (en) * 2014-07-23 2016-08-09 Dhiti Towiwat Heat exchanger
US9651313B2 (en) 2012-10-10 2017-05-16 Research Triangle Institute Particulate heat transfer fluid and related system and method
WO2024194549A1 (fr) * 2023-03-21 2024-09-26 Institut National De Recherche Pour L'agriculture, L'alimentation Et L'environnement Procede et installation de transfert thermique entre un materiau granulaire et un fluide

Citations (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3680473A (en) * 1970-09-30 1972-08-01 Procter & Gamble Apparatus and process of puffing
US4087921A (en) * 1976-10-12 1978-05-09 Arie Blok Microwave drying apparatus
US4193208A (en) * 1977-11-18 1980-03-18 Ronning Engineering Company, Inc. Single pass alfalfa dehydrator dryer and flighting therefor
US4256174A (en) * 1975-06-02 1981-03-17 Kao Soap Co., Ltd. Apparatus for heating and cooling sand
US4361009A (en) * 1979-10-31 1982-11-30 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Moving bed heat storage and recovery system
JPS59108609A (ja) * 1982-12-13 1984-06-23 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd スクリユ−コンベアの熱回収機構
US4479353A (en) * 1979-10-31 1984-10-30 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Moving bed heat storage and recovery system
WO1992008085A1 (en) * 1990-11-06 1992-05-14 Gencor Industries Soil remediation apparatus and method
US5305533A (en) * 1993-01-27 1994-04-26 Alexander Donald J Combined direct and indirect rotary dryer with reclaimer
US5709035A (en) * 1996-07-22 1998-01-20 California Pellet Mill Company Counter flow cooler
US6119363A (en) * 1996-08-08 2000-09-19 Buttner Gesellschaft Fur Trocknungs-Und Umwelttechnik Gmbh Rotary drum for drying pourable goods
US6249988B1 (en) * 2000-02-24 2001-06-26 Wyoming Sawmills, Inc. Particulate drying system
US6955050B2 (en) * 2003-12-16 2005-10-18 Active Power, Inc. Thermal storage unit and methods for using the same to heat a fluid
US20060201024A1 (en) * 2004-07-19 2006-09-14 Earthrenew, Inc. Process and system for drying and heat treating materials
US20060213075A1 (en) * 2005-03-28 2006-09-28 Andrew Livingston Rotary impinging stream dryer
US20080295356A1 (en) * 2007-06-02 2008-12-04 Therma-Flite, Inc. Indirectly heated screw processor apparatus and methods
US20090090109A1 (en) * 2007-06-06 2009-04-09 Mills David R Granular thermal energy storage mediums and devices for thermal energy storage systems
US20100051233A1 (en) * 2008-09-02 2010-03-04 Preston Whitney Heat-transferring, hollow-flight screw conveyor
US20100154247A1 (en) * 2006-07-28 2010-06-24 Tri-Phase Drying Technologies, L.L.C, A Limited Liability Company Of The State Of Iowa Counter flow cooling drier with integrated heat recovery
US20110271547A1 (en) * 2010-05-10 2011-11-10 Whirlpool Corporation Closed cycle dryer and process for drying clothes using such dryer

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006017436A (ja) * 2004-07-05 2006-01-19 Honda Motor Co Ltd 蓄熱システム
JP2006183970A (ja) * 2004-12-28 2006-07-13 Honda Motor Co Ltd 蓄熱装置

Patent Citations (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3680473A (en) * 1970-09-30 1972-08-01 Procter & Gamble Apparatus and process of puffing
US4256174A (en) * 1975-06-02 1981-03-17 Kao Soap Co., Ltd. Apparatus for heating and cooling sand
US4087921A (en) * 1976-10-12 1978-05-09 Arie Blok Microwave drying apparatus
US4193208A (en) * 1977-11-18 1980-03-18 Ronning Engineering Company, Inc. Single pass alfalfa dehydrator dryer and flighting therefor
US4361009A (en) * 1979-10-31 1982-11-30 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Moving bed heat storage and recovery system
US4479353A (en) * 1979-10-31 1984-10-30 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Moving bed heat storage and recovery system
JPS59108609A (ja) * 1982-12-13 1984-06-23 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd スクリユ−コンベアの熱回収機構
WO1992008085A1 (en) * 1990-11-06 1992-05-14 Gencor Industries Soil remediation apparatus and method
US5305533A (en) * 1993-01-27 1994-04-26 Alexander Donald J Combined direct and indirect rotary dryer with reclaimer
US5709035A (en) * 1996-07-22 1998-01-20 California Pellet Mill Company Counter flow cooler
US6119363A (en) * 1996-08-08 2000-09-19 Buttner Gesellschaft Fur Trocknungs-Und Umwelttechnik Gmbh Rotary drum for drying pourable goods
US6249988B1 (en) * 2000-02-24 2001-06-26 Wyoming Sawmills, Inc. Particulate drying system
US6955050B2 (en) * 2003-12-16 2005-10-18 Active Power, Inc. Thermal storage unit and methods for using the same to heat a fluid
US20060201024A1 (en) * 2004-07-19 2006-09-14 Earthrenew, Inc. Process and system for drying and heat treating materials
US20060213075A1 (en) * 2005-03-28 2006-09-28 Andrew Livingston Rotary impinging stream dryer
US20100154247A1 (en) * 2006-07-28 2010-06-24 Tri-Phase Drying Technologies, L.L.C, A Limited Liability Company Of The State Of Iowa Counter flow cooling drier with integrated heat recovery
US20080295356A1 (en) * 2007-06-02 2008-12-04 Therma-Flite, Inc. Indirectly heated screw processor apparatus and methods
US20090090109A1 (en) * 2007-06-06 2009-04-09 Mills David R Granular thermal energy storage mediums and devices for thermal energy storage systems
US20100051233A1 (en) * 2008-09-02 2010-03-04 Preston Whitney Heat-transferring, hollow-flight screw conveyor
US20110271547A1 (en) * 2010-05-10 2011-11-10 Whirlpool Corporation Closed cycle dryer and process for drying clothes using such dryer

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130068445A1 (en) * 2011-09-15 2013-03-21 Henrik Stiesdal Modification of a spatial temperature profile along a heat exchanging arrangement of a thermal energy storage and recovery device
US9134075B2 (en) * 2011-09-15 2015-09-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Modification of a spatial temperature profile along a heat exchanging arrangement of a thermal energy storage and recovery device
US9651313B2 (en) 2012-10-10 2017-05-16 Research Triangle Institute Particulate heat transfer fluid and related system and method
USD763418S1 (en) * 2014-07-23 2016-08-09 Dhiti Towiwat Heat exchanger
WO2024194549A1 (fr) * 2023-03-21 2024-09-26 Institut National De Recherche Pour L'agriculture, L'alimentation Et L'environnement Procede et installation de transfert thermique entre un materiau granulaire et un fluide
FR3146983A1 (fr) * 2023-03-21 2024-09-27 Institut National De Recherche Pour L'agriculture, L'alimentation Et L'environnement procédé et installation de transfert thermique entre un matériau granulaire et un fluide

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IN2012DN02144A (cs) 2015-08-07
IL218608A0 (en) 2012-05-31
WO2011032111A3 (en) 2011-07-21
EP2475885A2 (en) 2012-07-18
EP2475885A4 (en) 2013-12-11
WO2011032111A2 (en) 2011-03-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20120132398A1 (en) Systems and methods of thermal energy storage and release
CN107250706B (zh) 热能储存器和热交换器
CN102203520B (zh) 用于太阳能聚焦发电设备的热载体系统
US20080289793A1 (en) Thermal energy storage systems and methods
KR102283899B1 (ko) 열에너지 스토리지용 요소
US4951739A (en) Thermal storage with tubular containers of storage mediums
CN104214061B (zh) 一种太阳能热动力系统
US20110061837A1 (en) Systems and methods of thermal energy storage
CN102162636B (zh) 一种高温储热蒸发一体化装置
CN107449026A (zh) 基于分级式储热放热的高效太阳能供暖方法和系统
CN107328280A (zh) 一种多单元横管热池
CN103185367A (zh) 一种热管式移动供热相变蓄热装置
CN110332723A (zh) 一种双级圆环折流式太阳能相变储能装置
CN101929745A (zh) 一种超导平板太阳能热水器
PT2856055T (pt) Processo de transferência de calor entre um sal fundido e outro fluido num permutador de calor em espiral
CN104880111A (zh) 一种相变储能单元的密封方法
AU2005202945B2 (en) Heat exchange apparatus
CN101354223A (zh) 一种蓄能装置
CN104990438B (zh) 一种带内置水箱的相变式储热装置
CN113720188B (zh) 一种储热球短距离储热输热系统及其运行方法
CN103352819B (zh) 低温热能转化为机械能的装置
CN117190774B (zh) 一种蒸汽余热回收装置及方法
CN210980405U (zh) 一种双级圆环折流式太阳能相变储能装置
CN219607807U (zh) 高温相变蓄放热装置及包含该装置的太阳能光热发电系统
KR20090073069A (ko) 태양열집열기로 고체알갱이를 가열하는 고온태양열장치

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION