US20100162705A1 - Methods, systems and/or apparatus relating to steam turbine exhaust diffusers - Google Patents

Methods, systems and/or apparatus relating to steam turbine exhaust diffusers Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100162705A1
US20100162705A1 US12/346,348 US34634808A US2010162705A1 US 20100162705 A1 US20100162705 A1 US 20100162705A1 US 34634808 A US34634808 A US 34634808A US 2010162705 A1 US2010162705 A1 US 2010162705A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
flow path
toroidal
diffuser
path according
steam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/346,348
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English (en)
Inventor
Edward J. Sharrow
Norman D. Lathrop
Raymond K. Overbaugh, JR.
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US12/346,348 priority Critical patent/US20100162705A1/en
Assigned to GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY reassignment GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LATHROP, NORMAN D., OVERBAUGH, RAYMOND K., JR., SHARROW, EDWARD J.
Priority to DE102009059318A priority patent/DE102009059318A1/de
Priority to JP2009296928A priority patent/JP2010156329A/ja
Priority to RU2009148414/06A priority patent/RU2009148414A/ru
Priority to CN200910113661.4A priority patent/CN101769173A/zh
Publication of US20100162705A1 publication Critical patent/US20100162705A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/30—Exhaust heads, chambers, or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/20—Three-dimensional
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/70—Shape

Definitions

  • This present application relates generally to methods, systems, and/or apparatus for improving the efficiency and/or operation of turbine engines. More specifically, but not by way of limitation, the present application relates to methods, systems, and/or apparatus pertaining to improved steam turbine diffusers and related components.
  • the inner case of the steam turbine which, for example, may be a double flow down exhaust unit, has an encompassing exhaust hood split vertically and extending along opposite sides and ends of the turbine.
  • This large box-like structure houses the entire low pressure section of the turbine.
  • the exhaust steam from the turbine flows downstream in a general axial direction.
  • the steam exhaust is redirected from an axial flow direction to a flow direction 90° relative to the axial flow direction.
  • This 90° flow direction may be in any plane, downwardly, upwardly or transversely.
  • the present application thus describes an axial flow steam turbine flow path that includes a rotor and a casing defining the axial steam flow path; and a toroidal diffuser for diffusing the exhaust steam and turning the exhaust steam from a generally axial flow direction to a generally transverse or vertical and tangential direction; wherein the toroidal diffuser comprises a diffuser that, at least in part, incorporates the shape of a toroid or a section of a toroid; and wherein a toroid comprises the shape generated by revolving a circular or oval shape in three dimensional space about an axis coplanar with the circular or oval shape, which does not touch the circular or oval shape.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional illustration of approximately half of a double flow down exhaust steam turbine according to conventional design
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic side cross-sectional view of approximately half of a steam turbine illustrating an exhaust diffuser having a toroidal configuration according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view from a downstream perspective of an exhaust diffuser having a toroidal configuration according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is an exemplary toroid shape from which diffusers according to the present application may the formed.
  • FIG. 1 there is illustrated a portion of a steam turbine, generally designated 10 , that includes a rotor 12 that mounts a plurality of turbine buckets 14 .
  • An inner casing 16 is also illustrated mounting a plurality of diaphragms or stator blades 18 .
  • a centrally disposed generally radial steam inlet 20 applies steam to each of the turbine buckets 14 and stator blades 18 on opposite axial sides of the turbine to drive the rotor 12 .
  • the stator vanes of the diaphragms 18 and the axially adjacent buckets 14 form the various stages of the turbine 10 and a flow path therethrough. It will be appreciated that the steam is exhausted from the final stage of the turbine for flow through a diffuser and into a condenser not shown.
  • FIG. 1 Also illustrated in FIG. 1 is an outer exhaust hood 22 that surrounds and supports the inner casing 16 of the turbine 10 as well as other parts such as the bearings.
  • the turbine 10 includes steam guides 24 for directing the steam exhausting from the turbine 10 into an outlet 26 for flow to one or more condensers (not shown).
  • the exhaust steam path As one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate, this results in a reduction in performance and efficiency.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 there is illustrated an aspect of the present invention wherein like reference numerals as in FIG. 1 are applied to like parts preceded by the numeral “ 1 ”.
  • the exhaust hood 22 of the prior art is completely eliminated in favor of an exemplary toroidal diffuser 40 according to the present invention.
  • a toroidal diffuser is a diffuser that, at least in part, incorporates the shape of a toroid or a section of a toroid.
  • An exemplary toroid, a toroid 41 is illustrated in FIG. 4 .
  • a toroid is the shape generated by revolving a circle in three dimensional space about an axis coplanar with the circle, which does not touch the circle.
  • a toroid includes a circular shape that is revolved; however, as used herein, a toroid may include approximate circular shapes, such as an oval.
  • the toroidal diffuser 40 generally includes a conical guide 45 , which functions as the initial guide for the steam as it exits the last turbine section, a toroidal section 42 , which, as illustrated, defines the upper half of the main body or chamber of the diffuser, and a rectilinear section 43 , which defines the lower half of the main body or chamber of the diffuser and provides the flow path to an outlet 46 .
  • the toroidal section 42 may comprise approximately one half of a toroid shape, though other configurations are also possible.
  • the toroidal section 42 engages and transitions to the rectilinear section 43 at a circumferential location that is approximately horizontal with the rotor 112 .
  • the axis of the toroid that forms the toroidal section 42 generally is the rotor 112 .
  • the toroidal diffuser 40 may include other components that allow it to function in a more efficient and cost-effective manner.
  • the toroidal diffuser 40 may include the conical guide 45 .
  • the upstream end of the conical guide 45 may be coupled to the inner casing 116 by a flexible joint 44 .
  • the conical guide 45 generally provides the outer radial boundary for steam exiting the final stage of the turbine.
  • the conical guide 45 generally includes an expanding conical shape that has an axis along the rotor 112 . Accordingly, the conical guide 45 has an increasing cross-sectional area, which allows the exiting steam to expand and, thereby, reduce its pressure.
  • the conical guide 45 has a cross-sectional diameter that increases as the distance from the flexible joint 44 increases.
  • the conical guide 45 extends downstream and terminates at a flared lip 47 .
  • the flared lip 47 helps to smooth the flow and lessen the pressure of the steam into the toroidal section 42 .
  • the conical guide 45 may extend into the toroidal section 42 and/or rectilinear section 43 . More specifically, the conical guide 45 may extend across approximately half the axial width of the toroidal section 42 and/or the rectilinear section 43 .
  • the inner boundary for the steam moving through the conical guide 45 may be provided by a cylindrical formed rotor plate 49 .
  • the cylindrical rotor plate 49 generally forms a smooth cylindrical shape that encloses the rotor and extends axially from the last stage of the turbine to the downstream wall of the toroidal diffuser 40 .
  • the axis of the rotor plate 49 also may be the rotor 112 .
  • the geometry of the toroidal section 42 is effective at allowing the exiting steam to expand and reduce its pressure. These benefits are further enhanced by the combination of the toroidal section 42 and the conical guide 45 .
  • the toroidal diffuser 40 with the toroidal section 42 and/or the conical guide 45 , is also effective at guiding the diffused steam to the outlet 46 with a minimum pressure loss. It will be appreciated that the outlet 46 need not be a down exhaust but can be a side or upwardly directed exhaust.
  • the exhaust hood in prior conventional steam turbines is eliminated and there is no longer a need to support the inner casing and associated steam path parts, such as diaphragms from the exhaust hood. Cost reduction is also realized because an exhaust hood is no longer used to enclose the inner casing. Steam guides previously necessary are also entirely eliminated.
  • the inner casing and the toroidal diffuser of the turbine are each supported directly from the foundation of the turbine. To facilitate this, a flexible connection 44 ( FIG. 2 ) is provided between the inner casing and the toroidal diffuser 40 .
  • the flexible connection may be of many different types such as an expansion bellows to allow for differential thermal expansion.
  • the previously utilized exhaust hood is no longer necessary for the support of the turbine bearings.
  • the bearings 54 may be supported on stanchions 56 in turn directly supported by the foundation of the turbine.
  • the stanchions provide a rigid support for the bearings with improved turbine reliability as a result.
  • the toroid diffuser 40 may be formed of a composite material, steel plate or pipe, structural steel, fiber-reinforced plastic or any combination of these materials to obtain the required structural integrity and desired steam flow diffusion characteristics.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
US12/346,348 2008-12-30 2008-12-30 Methods, systems and/or apparatus relating to steam turbine exhaust diffusers Abandoned US20100162705A1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/346,348 US20100162705A1 (en) 2008-12-30 2008-12-30 Methods, systems and/or apparatus relating to steam turbine exhaust diffusers
DE102009059318A DE102009059318A1 (de) 2008-12-30 2009-12-23 Verfahren, Systeme und/oder Vorrichtungen im Zusammenhang mit Dampfturbinenauslassdiffusoren
JP2009296928A JP2010156329A (ja) 2008-12-30 2009-12-28 蒸気タービン排気ディフューザに関する方法、システム及び／又は装置
RU2009148414/06A RU2009148414A (ru) 2008-12-30 2009-12-28 Паровой тракт осевой паровой турбины
CN200910113661.4A CN101769173A (zh) 2008-12-30 2009-12-30 关于蒸汽涡轮机排气扩散器的方法、系统和/或设备

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/346,348 US20100162705A1 (en) 2008-12-30 2008-12-30 Methods, systems and/or apparatus relating to steam turbine exhaust diffusers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20100162705A1 true US20100162705A1 (en) 2010-07-01

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ID=42221135

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/346,348 Abandoned US20100162705A1 (en) 2008-12-30 2008-12-30 Methods, systems and/or apparatus relating to steam turbine exhaust diffusers

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20100162705A1 (ja)
JP (1) JP2010156329A (ja)
CN (1) CN101769173A (ja)
DE (1) DE102009059318A1 (ja)
RU (1) RU2009148414A (ja)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120207595A1 (en) * 2011-02-11 2012-08-16 Alstom Technology Ltd Exhaust device for a steam turbine module
US20130019600A1 (en) * 2011-07-18 2013-01-24 General Electric Company Turbine exhaust arrangement
US20140348647A1 (en) * 2013-05-24 2014-11-27 Solar Turbines Incorporated Exhaust diffuser for a gas turbine engine exhaust system
US9057287B2 (en) 2011-08-30 2015-06-16 General Electric Company Butterfly plate for a steam turbine exhaust hood
US9062568B2 (en) 2011-10-14 2015-06-23 General Electric Company Asymmetric butterfly plate for steam turbine exhaust hood
CN106930789A (zh) * 2017-05-18 2017-07-07 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 汽轮机低压排汽缸导流环结构
US20210325090A1 (en) * 2018-08-24 2021-10-21 Climasolutions Gmbh Method and device for obtaining useful energy from geothermal heat

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8708639B2 (en) * 2010-10-11 2014-04-29 The Coca-Cola Company Turbine bucket shroud tail
DE102011003511B4 (de) * 2011-02-02 2013-02-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elastisches Mantelrohr
CN107131015A (zh) * 2017-05-18 2017-09-05 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 一种汽轮机低压排汽缸导流环
CN109404053A (zh) * 2018-11-27 2019-03-01 德阳九鼎电气有限公司 一种用于汽轮机的导流隔板

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3690786A (en) * 1971-05-10 1972-09-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Low pressure end diffuser for axial flow elastic fluid turbines
US4326832A (en) * 1978-11-14 1982-04-27 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Exhaust outer casing
US5257906A (en) * 1992-06-30 1993-11-02 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Exhaust system for a turbomachine
US6134876A (en) * 1997-11-26 2000-10-24 General Electric Company Gas turbine engine with exhaust expander and compressor
US6419448B1 (en) * 2000-03-20 2002-07-16 Jerzy A. Owczarek Flow by-pass system for use in steam turbine exhaust hoods
US20070081892A1 (en) * 2005-10-06 2007-04-12 General Electric Company Steam turbine exhaust diffuser
US7600962B2 (en) * 2005-03-31 2009-10-13 Hitachi, Ltd. Turbine exhaust system and method for modifying the same

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3690786A (en) * 1971-05-10 1972-09-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Low pressure end diffuser for axial flow elastic fluid turbines
US4326832A (en) * 1978-11-14 1982-04-27 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Exhaust outer casing
US5257906A (en) * 1992-06-30 1993-11-02 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Exhaust system for a turbomachine
US6134876A (en) * 1997-11-26 2000-10-24 General Electric Company Gas turbine engine with exhaust expander and compressor
US6419448B1 (en) * 2000-03-20 2002-07-16 Jerzy A. Owczarek Flow by-pass system for use in steam turbine exhaust hoods
US7600962B2 (en) * 2005-03-31 2009-10-13 Hitachi, Ltd. Turbine exhaust system and method for modifying the same
US20070081892A1 (en) * 2005-10-06 2007-04-12 General Electric Company Steam turbine exhaust diffuser

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120207595A1 (en) * 2011-02-11 2012-08-16 Alstom Technology Ltd Exhaust device for a steam turbine module
US9243516B2 (en) * 2011-02-11 2016-01-26 Alstom Technology Ltd Exhaust device for a steam turbine module
US20130019600A1 (en) * 2011-07-18 2013-01-24 General Electric Company Turbine exhaust arrangement
US9057287B2 (en) 2011-08-30 2015-06-16 General Electric Company Butterfly plate for a steam turbine exhaust hood
US9062568B2 (en) 2011-10-14 2015-06-23 General Electric Company Asymmetric butterfly plate for steam turbine exhaust hood
US20140348647A1 (en) * 2013-05-24 2014-11-27 Solar Turbines Incorporated Exhaust diffuser for a gas turbine engine exhaust system
CN106930789A (zh) * 2017-05-18 2017-07-07 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 汽轮机低压排汽缸导流环结构
US20210325090A1 (en) * 2018-08-24 2021-10-21 Climasolutions Gmbh Method and device for obtaining useful energy from geothermal heat

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102009059318A1 (de) 2010-07-01
RU2009148414A (ru) 2011-07-10
JP2010156329A (ja) 2010-07-15
CN101769173A (zh) 2010-07-07

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AS Assignment

Owner name: GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY,NEW YORK

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SHARROW, EDWARD J.;LATHROP, NORMAN D.;OVERBAUGH, RAYMOND K., JR.;REEL/FRAME:022097/0803

Effective date: 20090106

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION