US20100154771A1 - Air-flow-controlling rear housing member - Google Patents

Air-flow-controlling rear housing member Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100154771A1
US20100154771A1 US12/564,337 US56433709A US2010154771A1 US 20100154771 A1 US20100154771 A1 US 20100154771A1 US 56433709 A US56433709 A US 56433709A US 2010154771 A1 US2010154771 A1 US 2010154771A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
air
flow
substantially annular
height
rear housing
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Abandoned
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US12/564,337
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English (en)
Inventor
Darsell Karringten
William T. Kelly
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to US12/564,337 priority Critical patent/US20100154771A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/008—Flow control devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
    • F23D14/24—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/70—Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L2900/00—Special arrangements for supplying or treating air or oxidant for combustion; Injecting inert gas, water or steam into the combustion chamber
    • F23L2900/07006—Control of the oxygen supply
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to housing members for use in burners, and more particularly to housing members for use in burners that mix air or oxygen with a gaseous or evaporated fuel.
  • Burners that use gaseous fuel or liquid fuel are used in many applications including boilers, line heaters, furnaces, other gas fired appliances, and in many others. Basically, these burners introduce a gaseous fuel or liquid fuel into a stream of air or oxygen. If liquid fuel is used, it must be vapourized or atomized first. The resulting flow of fuel and air or oxygen is ignited and exits the nozzle of the burner either as a visible flame or as a stream of an extremely hot gaseous mixture.
  • the most common design improvement used to overcome the environmental problem of emissions is to recirculate exhaust gases.
  • recirculation of the exhaust gases can be used to decrease the overall emissions of a burner system.
  • problems associated with such recirculation of the exhaust gases are, however, problems associated with such recirculation of the exhaust gases.
  • the most significant problem is that the recirculation of exhaust gases substantially increases the energy required for passing the mixture flow of combustion air and added exhaust gas through the system. For example, an increase of ten percent (10%) of exhaust gas recirculation from the exhaust back to the burner typically results in about a 40% to 45% increase in the required power of the fan that forces air into the burner system. Obviously, this is an attempt at a solution that is less than acceptable in terms of efficiency, and therefore cost. This is especially true considering most exhaust gases are passed through the burner system several times.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 7,484,956 issued Feb. 3, 2009, to Kobayashi et al. discloses Low NOx combustion using cogenerated oxygen and nitrogen streams.
  • the combustion of hydrocarbon fuel is achieved with less formation of NOx by feeding the fuel into a slightly oxygen-enriched atmosphere, and separating air into oxygen-rich and nitrogen-rich streams which are fed separately into the combustion device.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 7,429,173 issued Sep. 30, 2008, to Lanary et al. discloses a gas burner for use in a furnace and a method of burning gas in a furnace, especially but not exclusively a process furnace used in an oil cracking or refining process.
  • the gas burner comprises two passageways with adjacent outlets.
  • the first passageway is in fluid communication with a source of pressurised fuel gas and has an aperture through which recirculated flue gas can enter the first passageway and the second passageway is in fluid communication with a source of air.
  • fuel gas is injected into the first passageway and recirculated flue gas is thereby drawn into the first passageway so that it mixes with the fuel gas.
  • Fuel gas is partially combusted and a mixture of partially combusted fuel gas and recirculated flue gas flows up the first passageway and comes into contact with air from the second passageway and combusts.
  • the use of recirculated flue gas keeps down the level of NOx emissions and as the recirculated flue gas is sucked into the first passageway by the pressurised fuel gas flow, it is not necessary to provide complex pumping mechanisms.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 7,422,427 issued Sep. 9, 2008, to Lifshits discloses an Energy Efficient Low NOX Burner and Method of Operating Same.
  • the burner is for installation in a furnace having a mixing chamber defined by at least a furnace front wall, two side walls, a top wall and a bottom wall as well as heat transfer pipes through which a heat transfer medium flows and which are arranged on at least one of the top, bottom and side walls.
  • the burner assembly is mounted to the furnace front wall and has a tubular member with an open distal end that is located inside the mixing chamber. The other end of the tubular member is attached to the furnace front wall.
  • Several combustion air ports extend into the tubular member from the other proximal end thereof, and are coupled to a source of combustion air.
  • Several fuel gas discharge nozzles also extend into the tubular member from the other end thereof and are coupled to a fuel source.
  • Furnace gas openings formed in the tubular member are spaced apart from the distal end, are arranged about the tubular member's periphery, and are located relative to the mixing chamber so that furnace gases circulate past some of the heat transfer pipes before they reach the furnace gas openings to thereby form a mixture of combustion air, fuel gas and furnace gas.
  • a spinner at the distal end of the tubular member creates a recirculation zone for the mixture downstream of the spinner and the tubular member.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,485,289 issued Nov. 26, 2002, to Kelly, et al. discloses an Ultra Reduced NOx Burner System and Process.
  • Fuel Modification Fuel Rich Reactor (FMFRR) zone gases are brought together with products from a Fuel Lean Reactor (FMR) zone in a low temperature burnout and NOx reduction reactor zone.
  • the fuel modification fuel rich reactor stabilizes combustion through recirculation of hot gases to the reactants.
  • Nitrogenous species decay reactions in the fuel rich zone controls the production of NOx.
  • the nitrogenous species from the fuel rich zone and the NOx from the fuel lean zone then react in the burnout zone at an optimal temperature and nitrogenous species mix where NOx is minimized.
  • Temperature in all zones, and in particular the burnout zone can be controlled by furnace gas entrainment, induced flue gas recirculation, forced flue gas recirculation and active cooling by radiative and/or convective heat transfer. NOx can be even further reduced by introducing ammonia, or a like amine species, into the low temperature burnout zone. By balancing combustion and emissions control reactions over several zones, low emissions can be achieved under good flame stability, turndown, heat transfer and noise characteristics.
  • the oxygen-flow-controlling rear housing member comprises a main body portion having a front end and a back end and defining a longitudinal axis extending between the front end and the back end; a first oxygen inlet in the main body portion; a substantially annular oxygen gathering chamber in the main body portion and in fluid communication with the first oxygen inlet; a substantially annular oxygen-flow mixing chamber within the main body portion; a substantially annular wall generally dividing the substantially annular oxygen gathering chamber and the substantially annular oxygen-flow mixing chamber; a first oxygen flow passageway extending between the substantially annular oxygen gathering chamber and the substantially annular oxygen-flow mixing chamber, and having a first height that is a portion of the height of the substantially annular wall; and a second oxygen flow passageway extending between the substantially annular oxygen gathering chamber and the substantially annular oxygen-flow mixing chamber, and having a second height that is a portion of the height of the substantially annular wall
  • FIG. 1 is a cut-away side elevational view of the preferred embodiment of the air-flow-controlling rear housing member according to the present invention, installed in a burner;
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the preferred embodiment of the air-flow-controlling rear housing member installed in the burner as shown in FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevational view of the air-flow-controlling rear housing of FIG. 2 ;
  • FIG. 4 is a front elevational view of the air-flow-controlling rear housing of FIG. 2 ;
  • FIG. 5 is a rear elevational view of the air-flow-controlling rear housing of FIG. 2 ;
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional side elevational view of the air-flow-controlling rear housing of FIG. 2 , taken along section line 6 - 6 of FIG. 4 ;
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional side elevational view of the air-flow-controlling rear housing of FIG. 1 , taken along section line 7 - 7 of FIG. 4 ;
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional side elevational view of the air-flow-controlling rear housing of FIG. 1 , taken along section line 8 - 8 of FIG. 3 .
  • FIGS. 1 through 8 show a preferred embodiment of the air-flow-controlling rear housing according to the present invention, as indicated by general reference numeral 30 .
  • the front end is generally defined as the flame is produced
  • the back end is defined as the area where the air and the fuel have their inputs, and where the mixing of the air and the fuel begins.
  • FIGS. 1 through 8 show a preferred embodiment of the air-flow-controlling rear housing 30 according to the present invention. It should be understood that although for some shapes of burners the determination of front end back and the back end might be somewhat arbitrary, the front end is generally defined as the flame is produced, and the back end is defined as the area where the air and the fuel have their inputs, and where the mixing of the air and the fuel begins.
  • air is used to describe air received from a pressurized or compressed source of air but that also oxygen from a pressurized or compressed source of oxygen could be used. If a source of air is used, the oxygen in the air is reacted with a fuel such as propane, natural gas, and so on. The nitrogen in the air is merely separated from the oxygen upon combustion. It is also contemplated that hydrogen could be used along with the oxygen.
  • the air-flow-controlling rear housing 30 comprises a main body 32 having a front end 33 and a back end 34 .
  • the longitudinal axis “L” extends between the front end 33 and the back end 34 .
  • the main body 32 is made from metal, but may be made from any other suitable material.
  • the air-flow-controlling rear housing 30 further comprises a nozzle receiving passageway 36 in the main body 32 .
  • the nozzle receiving passageway 36 is generally centrally disposed in the main body 32 and oriented along longitudinal axis “L”.
  • the air-flow-controlling rear housing 30 also comprises an annular cone portion 37 extending forwardly from the main body 32 .
  • the nozzle receiving passageway 36 extends through the annular cone portion 37 .
  • the main body 32 There is at least one air inlet in the main body 32 , and in the preferred embodiment, as illustrated, there is a first air inlet 38 and a second air inlet 39 in the main body 32 , specifically in the rear housing 32 .
  • the first air inlet 38 and the second air inlet 39 are spaced one hundred eighty degrees) (180°) apart in order to effectively maximize the subsequent mixing of air flow.
  • the first air inlet 38 and the second air inlet 39 are each oriented generally along the longitudinal axis “L”, as shown, but could alternatively be oriented at another angle. It is contemplated that there may also be additional air inlets in said main body 32 to accommodate the need for additional air input.
  • the air-flow-controlling rear housing 30 comprises a substantially annular air gathering chamber 29 in the main body portion 32 .
  • the substantially annular air gathering chamber 29 is in fluid communication with the first air inlet 38 and the second air inlet 39 .
  • the substantially annular flow passage is substantially circular in shape.
  • the substantially annular air-flow mixing chamber 100 is also substantially circular in shape.
  • a substantially annular wall 110 generally divides the substantially annular air gathering chamber 29 and the substantially annular air-flow mixing chamber 100 .
  • the substantially annular wall 110 is substantially circular in shape.
  • the substantially annular air gathering chamber 29 generally surrounds the substantially annular air-flow mixing chamber 100 .
  • the height of the substantially annular air gathering chamber 29 and the height of the substantially annular air gathering chamber 100 are similar one to the other. Further, the substantially annular air gathering chamber 29 and the substantially annular air-flow mixing chamber 100 are substantially longitudinally aligned one with the other along the longitudinal axis “L”.
  • the first air inlet 38 and the second air inlet 39 are disposed rearwardly of the substantially annular air gathering chamber 29 in order to cause properly directed forward flow of air into the air gathering chamber 29 . Further, in this manner, the fittings that connect the air lines to the first air inlet 38 and the second air inlet 39 do not project laterally outwardly, which might be unsafe.
  • a first air flow opening 101 extends between the substantially annular air gathering chamber 29 and the substantially annular air-flow mixing chamber 100 .
  • the first air flow opening 101 has a first height that is a portion of the height of the substantially annular wall 110 .
  • the second air flow opening 102 has a second height that is a portion of the height of the substantially annular wall 110 .
  • the height of the first air flow opening 101 is greater than the height of the second air flow opening 102 .
  • the burner 20 further comprises a third air flow opening 103 extending between the substantially annular air gathering chamber 29 and the substantially annular air-flow mixing chamber 100 .
  • the third air flow opening 103 has a third height that is a portion of the height of the substantially annular wall 110 .
  • the height of the first air flow opening 101 is greater than the height of the third air flow opening 103
  • the height of the second air flow opening 102 is greater than the height of the third air flow opening 103 .
  • the burner 20 also further comprises a fourth air flow opening 104 extending between the substantially annular air gathering chamber 29 and the substantially annular air-flow mixing chamber 100 .
  • the fourth air flow opening 104 has a fourth height that is a portion of the height of the substantially annular wall 110 .
  • the height of the first air flow opening 101 is greater than the height of the fourth air flow opening 104 .
  • the height of the second air flow opening 102 is greater than the height of the fourth air flow opening 104 .
  • the height of the third air flow opening 103 is greater than the height of the fourth air flow opening 104 .
  • first, second, third and fourth air flow openings could be oriented at an angle such that air flowing therethrough enters the substantially annular air-flow mixing chamber 100 obliquely, thereby helping to create annularly swirling flow patterns in the substantially annular air-flow mixing chamber 100 .
  • the air passes from the substantially annular air gathering chamber 29 to the substantially annular air-flow mixing chamber 100 via the first air flow opening 101 , the second air flow opening 102 , the third air flow opening 103 and the fourth air flow opening 104 .
  • the offset depths of the first air flow opening 101 , the second air flow opening 102 , the third air flow opening 103 and the fourth air flow opening 104 cause the air to enter the substantially annular air-flow mixing chamber 100 at four distinct and separate “levels” (with respect to the longitudinal axis “L”), thus causing non-laminar flow of the air.
  • the air is as turbulent as possible in order to facilitate full mixing of the air downstream with fuel from the fuel nozzle tip 60 .
  • the present invention provides a air-flow-controlling rear housing member for use in a burner that burns fuel very efficiently, that produces minimal unwanted emissions, that can be used with various types of gaseous and liquid fuel, and that is cost effective, all of which features are unknown in the prior art.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
US12/564,337 2008-09-22 2009-09-22 Air-flow-controlling rear housing member Abandoned US20100154771A1 (en)

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US12/564,337 US20100154771A1 (en) 2008-09-22 2009-09-22 Air-flow-controlling rear housing member

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US9920008P 2008-09-22 2008-09-22
US12/564,337 US20100154771A1 (en) 2008-09-22 2009-09-22 Air-flow-controlling rear housing member

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US20100154771A1 true US20100154771A1 (en) 2010-06-24

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US12/564,369 Abandoned US20100167222A1 (en) 2008-09-22 2009-09-22 Fuel nozzle for use in a burner
US12/564,337 Abandoned US20100154771A1 (en) 2008-09-22 2009-09-22 Air-flow-controlling rear housing member

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US12/564,369 Abandoned US20100167222A1 (en) 2008-09-22 2009-09-22 Fuel nozzle for use in a burner

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US (2) US20100167222A1 (fr)
EP (2) EP2334985A4 (fr)
CN (3) CN104197331B (fr)
AU (2) AU2009295222A1 (fr)
RU (2) RU2507447C2 (fr)
WO (3) WO2010031175A1 (fr)

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WO2014085361A1 (fr) * 2012-11-30 2014-06-05 Corning Incorporated Brûleur à tourbillon et procédé pour une fusion par combustion en immersion
MD829Z (ro) * 2014-03-17 2015-05-31 "Goliat-Vita" Ооо Arzător pentru arderea combustibilului solid

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US1841465A (en) * 1928-11-15 1932-01-19 Surface Combustion Corp Gas burner
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102224378A (zh) 2011-10-19
EP2334985A4 (fr) 2014-08-06
RU2011115779A (ru) 2012-10-27
AU2009295222A1 (en) 2010-03-25
WO2010031174A3 (fr) 2010-05-14
US20100167222A1 (en) 2010-07-01
RU2507447C2 (ru) 2014-02-20
AU2009295221A1 (en) 2010-03-25
EP2338000A4 (fr) 2014-08-06
CN102224378B (zh) 2014-07-23
RU2011115778A (ru) 2012-10-27
WO2010031176A1 (fr) 2010-03-25
EP2334985A2 (fr) 2011-06-22
CN102224379B (zh) 2014-09-24
CN104197331A (zh) 2014-12-10
RU2509955C2 (ru) 2014-03-20
WO2010031174A2 (fr) 2010-03-25
CN102224379A (zh) 2011-10-19
EP2338000A1 (fr) 2011-06-29
CN104197331B (zh) 2017-07-07
WO2010031175A1 (fr) 2010-03-25

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