Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
  • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
  • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
  • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
  • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
  • C10L5/36—Shape
  • C10L5/361—Briquettes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
  • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
  • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
  • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
  • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

• the invention relates to a fuel and a method for producing this fuel.
• Fossil fuels in solid form and fuels from biomass have been known for a long time. These fuels are needed in many branches of industry for various applications but are mainly used for generating electrical energy or heat in power plants or for heating purpose in private areas.
• a disadvantage of the additives used is that they do not harden and the fuel is always greasy after addition of the additive and loses the additive again. As a result, this can have the consequence during long storage that the fuel completely loses the additive and all the advantages of the additive are lost.
• the fatty-acid-based additive in the prior art behaves in a hydrophobic manner and consequently minimises the incorporation of water, but cannot completely prevent this as a result of its continuously diminishing content in the fuel.
• a further disadvantage of the fuel in the prior art is that the additive cannot prevent abrasion during transport and storage since the additive does not harden and does not impart any additional stability to the fuel.
• the basic idea of the invention is to treat a fuel with an additive which enhances the calorific value and hardens.
• Coal can be selected as a fossil starting material for the fuel, wherein all types of coal, e.g. black coal, brown coal or charcoal are available for this purpose.
• biomass is also suitable as starting material as an alternative to a fossil starting material.
• Non-conclusive examples for this are wood, wood chippings, grain such as wheat, rice, maize, rye, barley, oats or millet, starch, for example, from beans, peas or potatoes, straw, all types of seeds such as olive seeds, palm oil seeds, sunflower seeds, pumpkin seeds and all cellulose-containing substances.
• the fuel is preferably pressed into shaped pieces, wherein these shaped pieces can have any possible shape. So-called briquettes or pellets have proved to be particularly suitable shapes.
• the starting material can be present in any form, i.e. in powder form, as chips etc.
• the starting material or the mixture thereof is pressed into the desired shape at high pressure.
• the additive according to the invention which is added to the starting material comprises palmitic acid, stearic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid and oleic acid and comprises the following fractions:
• the percentages can comprise both weight percentages and volume percentages.
• the additive is present in a solid non-greasy form whilst it has the same calorific-value-enhancing property as in the prior art. For this reason, the incorporation of water can no longer form in the fuel treated with this additive and the surface of the fuel is protected against abrasion or crack formation which reduces the breaking of the fuel during transport. Consequently, there are no losses of starting material or additive.
• the fuel need not be stored and transported in any particular packaging since the fuel does not lose the additive by greasing and does not release any type of dust and the user of the fuel need not take any protective measures against contamination of clothing and hands.
• barbeque charcoal is treated with the additive according to the invention, this improves the lighting behaviour and also the handling of the barbeque charcoal since there is no risk of contamination to the hands.
• this encapsulation by the additive prevents any formation of fine dust with the result that handling of the fuel is possible without endangering the health of the user. If an increase in the calorific value should only be of interest, the above composition of the additive can be variably adjusted.
• the additive can be processed both in the solid and in liquid form.
• solid form the additive is blended in flake form or powder form with the starting material which can be present in any form. After producing a uniform mixture, this is pressed into a specified shape at high pressure. During this pressing the additive is distributed homogeneously inside the shaped pieces and forms a protective layer on the surfaces thereof.
• the additive prior to application, can be heated above its specific melting point and used in liquid form.
• the specific melting point of the afore-mentioned composition is around 62 degrees Celsius.
• the pressing process of the starting material can be carried out both before and after treatment with the additive.
• the treatment of the starting material can be carried out by passing through or dipping into a bath containing the liquid additive or by spraying it on. It should be mentioned that the treatment of the starting material with liquid additive has the advantage that the incorporated water is expelled due to the hot additive, with the result that the combustibility is further improved.
• the preferred temperature of the additive when carrying out the treatment is between 70 and 90° but can be higher or lower.
• Paraffin is a wax-like, combustible, odourless, non-toxic and hydrophobic substance which, under certain conditions explained hereinafter has the relevant properties for the invention.
• Paraffin designates a mixture of alkanes, i.e. saturated hydrocarbons, wherein paraffin generally has the chemical molecular formula C n H 2n+2 where n can be between 18 and 50.
• the melting point varies between 30 and 80° C. and the hardness of the paraffin varies, with the advantageous possibility of selecting a desired melting point and degree of hardness depending on the application. Consequently, the method described above can be carried out unchanged with paraffin.
• Paraffin can be used alone or in combination with the additive explained above, it having been found that a mixture with the aforementioned additive has very good properties with a maximum fraction of 50% paraffin.
• vegetable and animal fats can be used alone or in any mixing ratio.
• Non-conclusive examples for this are rapeseed oil, rapeseed methyl ester, sunflower oil, linseed oil, olive oil, coconut oil or coconut fat, palm oil seeds, soya oil and all compositions of palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, myristic acid and linoleic acid.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
• Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=39345420

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (1)

Citations (11)

Family Cites Families (1)

• 2008
  • 2008-01-15 BR BRPI0806614-0A patent/BRPI0806614A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2008-01-15 WO PCT/EP2008/050407 patent/WO2008087144A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2008-01-15 US US12/523,091 patent/US20100064575A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2008-01-15 MX MX2009007514A patent/MX2009007514A/es active IP Right Grant
  • 2008-01-15 AU AU2008206978A patent/AU2008206978A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2008-01-15 EP EP08701509.5A patent/EP2109655B1/de not_active Not-in-force
  • 2008-01-15 CA CA002674821A patent/CA2674821A1/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (11)

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