US20100024599A1 - Method and device for producing molten material - Google Patents

Method and device for producing molten material Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100024599A1
US20100024599A1 US12/445,349 US44534907A US2010024599A1 US 20100024599 A1 US20100024599 A1 US 20100024599A1 US 44534907 A US44534907 A US 44534907A US 2010024599 A1 US2010024599 A1 US 2010024599A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
gas
melt gasifier
recirculated
carbon dioxide
reduction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/445,349
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English (en)
Inventor
Franz Hauzenberger
Robert Millner
Norbert Rein
Johannes Leopold Schenk
Martin Schmidt
Bogdan Vuletic
Kurt Wieder
Johann Wurm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH
Original Assignee
Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH and Co filed Critical Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH and Co
Assigned to SIEMENS VAI METALS TECHNOLOGIES GMBH & CO reassignment SIEMENS VAI METALS TECHNOLOGIES GMBH & CO ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HAUZENBERGER, FRANZ, MILLNER, ROBERT, REIN, NORBERT, SCHENK, JOHANNES, SCHMIDT, MARTIN, VULETIC, BOGDAN, WIEDER, KURT, WURM, JOHANN
Publication of US20100024599A1 publication Critical patent/US20100024599A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
    • C21B13/0013—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state introduction of iron oxide into a bath of molten iron containing a carbon reductant
    • C21B13/002—Reduction of iron ores by passing through a heated column of carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces
    • C21B13/143—Injection of partially reduced ore into a molten bath
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/20—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases
    • C21B2100/22—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases by reforming
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/20—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases
    • C21B2100/28—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases by separation
    • C21B2100/282—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases by separation of carbon dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
    • C21B2100/64—Controlling the physical properties of the gas, e.g. pressure or temperature
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C2100/00—Exhaust gas
    • C21C2100/06—Energy from waste gas used in other processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
    • Y02P10/122—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by capturing or storing CO2
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
    • Y02P10/134—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by avoiding CO2, e.g. using hydrogen

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for production of molten metal, oxygen, reducing agent and iron reduced in a reduction reactor being introduced into a melt gasifier, the reducing agent being gasified with the oxygen, and the reduced iron being melted by means of the heat which in this case occurs, the cupola gas from the melt gasifier being used as at least a fraction of the reduction gas, and reacted top gas being drawn off from the reduction reactor, and also to a plant for carrying out the method, with a reduction reactor, with a melt gasifier having an oxygen supply and with a supply system for reducing agent, at least one line for supplying the cupola gas from the melt gasifier into the reduction reactor and at least one line for drawing off the top gas from the reduction reactor.
  • blast furnaces various carbon-containing gases, such as natural gas, coke oven gas, etc., are injected via the tuyers or in the bosh plane, with the aim of saving coke and increasing profitability, as already described, for example, in GB 883 998 A.
  • An injection of blast furnace gas is not economical because of the high CO 2 , N 2 and low H 2 content.
  • melt-reduction plants as described, for example, in DE 36 28 102 A1, oxygen with a temperature of 25° C. and a purity of ⁇ 95% by volume is injected via nozzles into the melt gasifier, in order to gasify the reducing agents (predominantly coal and coal briquets) and make available the heat required for melting the reduced iron.
  • the cupola gas of the melt gasifier (ESV) is used for indirect reduction in a fixed-bed reduction shaft (FBRS) or in fluidized-bed reactors (WSR). Owing to the lack of utilization of gas in the FBRS or WSR, a high specific coal or coal briquet consumption and a high energy excess in the export gas are obtained.
  • Coupling the operation of the melt gasifier with the reduction reactor affords a fluctuating metallization of the iron slurry of 70-90%.
  • a rise in the char-bed and cupola temperature in the melt gasifier leads to a reduced required oxygen quantity, therefore also to a decrease in the reduction gas.
  • the metallization in the fixed-bed reduction shaft or fluidized-bed reactor also falls, thus, in turn, causing a drop in the char-bed and cupola temperature in the melt gasifier.
  • RAFT adiabatic flame temperature
  • the purified export gas which is composed of the blast furnace gas from the direct reduction assembly and of the cupola gas from the melt gasifier, has the following typical analysis at 1.5 barg: CO 45% by volume, CO 2 30% by volume, H 2 19% by volume, H 2 O 3% by volume and N 2 3% by volume. Owing to the gas excess, it has to be delivered for utilization and overall energy optimization.
  • the object of the present invention was to specify a method and a plant, as initially described, in which, along with an increased energy and raw material efficiency, productivity can also be increased, while at the same time metallurgically better properties of the product are obtained.
  • the method is characterized in that at least part of the drawn-off top gas is introduced into the melt gasifier.
  • reductants CO, H 2
  • a cooling of the raceway and of the char-bed is achieved by a directed lowering of the flame temperature which is obtained by virtue of the endothermal reaction of the coal, coal briquets or coke with the gas constituents and the cracking of the methane.
  • the recirculated gas is compressed.
  • the recirculated gas to be cooled, between compression and introduction into the melt gasifier, preferably to 30 to 50° C., and for the carbon dioxide content to be reduced, preferably to 2 to 3% by volume.
  • the advantage of this is a higher gas quantity in the char-bed for indirect gas reduction, that is to say more reduction work performed in the melt gasifier.
  • the influencing of the properties in the melt gasifier can be metered even more accurately.
  • the recirculated and at most cooled and carbon dioxide-reduced gas may also be provided to be heated before introduction into the melt gasifier, preferably using a part stream of the recirculated gas as fuel gas.
  • the recirculation gas being preheated, the recirculatable gas quantity can be maximized, without the adiabatic flame temperature (RAFT) falling below an undesirably low limit, with disadvantages for metallurgy. This results in an additional advantageous reduction of the use of raw materials and an additional possibility for monitoring the process.
  • RAFT adiabatic flame temperature
  • a method variant according to the invention there may be provision for at least one part stream of the recirculated gas to be reformed with higher hydrocarbons, using a further part stream of the recirculated gas as fuel gas.
  • the reformed recirculated gas can be mixed with the only compressed and/or the cooled and carbon dioxide-reduced gas before introduction into the melt gasifier.
  • the theoretical adiabatic flame temperature in the raceway may be controlled by means of the quantity and/or temperature and/or CO 2 fraction of the recirculated gas, with the result that a directed control of the metallurgical processes becomes possible.
  • the plant described initially is characterized, according to the invention, in order to achieve the object, by at least one return line branching off from the line for the top gas and leading into the melt gasifier.
  • a compressor is inserted into the return line.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the plant is characterized, according to the invention, in that, a cooling device and a carbon dioxide reduction stage are inserted between the compressor and the oxygen supply, the latter also being capable of reducing or completely eliminating the steam content.
  • RAFT adiabatic flame temperature
  • the heating device operates with fuel gas, a branch emanating from the return line upstream of the compressor and leading to the fuel gas connection of the heating device, the use of raw materials can be reduced and consequently the efficiency of the plant can be further increased.
  • a reformer may be inserted between the compressor and the oxygen supply.
  • a branch emanates from the return line and leads to a fuel gas connection of the reformer.
  • a further embodiment of the plant according to the invention is characterized in that, a cooling device and a carbon dioxide reduction stage and also a reformer are provided in parallel branches of the return line, said parallel branches leading into a common supply line to the oxygen supply to the melt gasifier.
  • a particle separator is provided, from the particle discharge of which a particle recirculation leads to the melt gasifier, a branch from the return line issuing into the particle recirculation.
  • Particulate or pellet-shaped iron ore is fed, if appropriate together with unburnt aggregates, into a reduction shaft 1 .
  • Iron slurry generated in the reduction shaft 1 is introduced via discharge devices 2 into the head of a melt gasifier 3 .
  • liquid pig iron collects, and, above this, liquid slag, which in each case are drawn off preferably discontinuously via specific taps.
  • the melt gasifier 3 is supplied from a storage shaft 4 with a gasification agent, preferably coal and/or coal briquets, in any event mixed with screened-out undersize of the iron ore which could not otherwise be used for the reduction process.
  • An oxygen-containing gas is supplied via gas lines 5 in the lower region of the melt gasifier 3 .
  • the reduction gas generated is led out of the head of the melt gasifier 3 via a line 6 , freed in a hot-gas cyclone 7 of solid constituents, in particular dust coal and fine-grained degassed coal, and then passes via a line 8 into the reduction shaft 1 .
  • the reduction gas flows through the column of iron ore and aggregates in countercurrent and at the same time reduces the iron ore into iron slurry.
  • the degassed coal dust separated in the hot-gas cyclone 7 and other particulate contents are recirculated to the melt gasifier 3 , preferably being gasified on entry into the latter through dust burners which are arranged in the wall of the melt gasifier 3 and to which oxygen-containing gas is also delivered.
  • the at least partially consumed reduction gas is drawn off at the upper end of the reduction shaft 1 via a top gas line 9 and, after scrubbing in the wet scrubber 10 , is delivered as export gas for utilization and overall energy optimization on account of the gas excess.
  • Reduction gas used for regulating the pressure of the plant is, after scrubbing in the wet scrubber 11 , either admixed to the export gas or recirculated via the line 12 as cooling gas into the line 6 upstream of the hot-gas cyclone 7 .
  • the top gas to be recirculated is branched off, downstream of the wet scrubber 10 , via a line 13 and compressed by means of a compressor 14 with as high a suction pressure as possible.
  • reduction gas not required may also be branched off and recirculated, downstream of the wet scrubber 11 , via a further line 15 , even before admixing to the export gas.
  • the recirculated top gas can be injected into the melt gasifier 3 for the removal of CO 2 via lances 18 which are introduced into the oxygen nozzles, the return line for the top gas running as far as the issue of the oxygen supply and parallel to the latter. Part of this gas treated in this way can be branched off and admixed, for transport, to the particles recirculated from the hot-gas cyclone 7 .
  • a cooling of the raceway and of the char-bed can also be achieved due to the directed lowering of the flame temperature on account of the endothermal reaction of the coal, coal briquets or coke with the gas constituents and the cracking of the methane, the following reactions being critical:
  • the installation of the compressor 14 and, if appropriate, of the CO 2 removal plant 17 with a preceding heat exchanger 16 or of a reformer/reduction gas furnace 21 also affords the advantages that higher melting performances and therefore an increase in productivity are possible, that, by reduced use of reducing agents, a reduction in the specific CO 2 emissions per ton of pig iron can also be achieved, and that a lowering of the operating costs and therefore the rapid payback of the additional investment costs, depending on the reducing agent cost for coal, coal briquets and coke, are possible. Even use as a nitrogen replacement in dust burners could be envisaged.
  • the top gas may also be introduced directly, utilizing the sensible compression heat.
  • the two gas streams may also be mixed.
  • the recirculated top gas may also optionally be heated, after CO 2 removal, by means of a reduction gas furnace 19 (convective, regenerative), electrical heating, plasma burners or heat exchangers (utilization of the sensible heat of process gas, for example top gas upstream of the scrubber), etc.
  • a reduction gas heating furnace 19 convective, regenerative, electrical heating, plasma burners or heat exchangers (utilization of the sensible heat of process gas, for example top gas upstream of the scrubber), etc.
  • part of the branched-off top gas is employed via the line 20 as fuel gas.
  • the heat energy of the top gas upstream of the wet scrubber 10 is preferably utilized. This affords the advantage of increasing the energy efficiency of the process due to smaller process water quantities required for cooling the top gas, which also means a reduction in the energy demand of the process water pumps. Further, there is a reduction in the heat which is discharged from the top gas into the process water and which is lost via cooling towers or by evaporation causes water losses in the system which constantly have to be compensated.
  • the recirculated top gas may also be reformed with higher hydrocarbons (for example, natural gas) in a reformer 21 , part of the top gas supplied via a line 22 as fuel gas being used for the endothermal reaction heat.
  • higher hydrocarbons for example, natural gas
  • the quantity of reduction gas from the melt gasifier 3 which is increased due to gas recirculation is utilized for increasing production in the reduction stage 1 (shaft or fluidized bed) and/or for constant metallization. Constant metallization is achieved by the decoupling of the melt gasifier 3 and the reduction shaft 1 .
  • the quantity of reduction gas which is sufficient at all times allows constant metallization in the reduction shaft 1 .
  • Optimization of the melt gasifier operation leads to a smaller necessary quantity of reducing agents for the fixed-bed reduction shaft 1 (FBRS) or in fluidized-bed reactors (WSR) of the plant, this necessary quantity being entirely compensated by the recirculation of top gas.
  • FBRS fixed-bed reduction shaft 1
  • WSR fluidized-bed reactors
  • a reduction in the sulfur content in the pig iron can also be achieved, since, owing to the recirculation of the top gas with only 1 to 100 ppm of H 2 S, a substantially lower introduction of sulfur occurs than during the sole use of coal, coal briquets or coke.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
US12/445,349 2006-10-13 2007-10-01 Method and device for producing molten material Abandoned US20100024599A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006048601.3 2006-10-13
DE102006048601A DE102006048601A1 (de) 2006-10-13 2006-10-13 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von geschmolzenem Material
PCT/EP2007/008514 WO2008046503A1 (de) 2006-10-13 2007-10-01 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von geschmolzenem material

Publications (1)

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US20100024599A1 true US20100024599A1 (en) 2010-02-04

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/445,349 Abandoned US20100024599A1 (en) 2006-10-13 2007-10-01 Method and device for producing molten material

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (1) US20100024599A1 (es)
EP (1) EP2082066A1 (es)
JP (1) JP2010506046A (es)
KR (1) KR20090068351A (es)
CN (1) CN101528948A (es)
AR (1) AR063265A1 (es)
AU (1) AU2007312665A1 (es)
BR (1) BRPI0719172A2 (es)
CA (1) CA2665763A1 (es)
CL (1) CL2007002941A1 (es)
DE (1) DE102006048601A1 (es)
MX (1) MX2009003725A (es)
RU (1) RU2009117865A (es)
TW (1) TW200827452A (es)
WO (1) WO2008046503A1 (es)
ZA (1) ZA200902093B (es)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8911700B2 (en) 2009-02-20 2014-12-16 Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Gmbh Process and installation for producing substitute gas
US8968441B2 (en) 2009-01-30 2015-03-03 Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Gmbh Method and system for producing pig iron or fluid steel pre-products
US20220213567A1 (en) * 2019-09-25 2022-07-07 Shandong University Ironmaking system and ironmaking process of two-section downdraft bed

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102586530A (zh) * 2012-01-04 2012-07-18 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 一种利用焦炉煤气生产海绵铁的方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4685964A (en) * 1985-10-03 1987-08-11 Midrex International B.V. Rotterdam Method and apparatus for producing molten iron using coal
US4755219A (en) * 1986-02-05 1988-07-05 Korf Engineering Gmbh Process for producing molten pig iron or steel raw material
US4784689A (en) * 1985-02-06 1988-11-15 Korf Engineering Gmbh Process for producing sponge iron particles and molten pig iron
US4913733A (en) * 1984-10-17 1990-04-03 Korf Engineering Gmbh (Now Deutsche Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh) Process for producing pig iron
US5582029A (en) * 1995-10-04 1996-12-10 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Use of nitrogen from an air separation plant in carbon dioxide removal from a feed gas to a further process
US5958107A (en) * 1993-12-15 1999-09-28 Bechtel Croup, Inc. Shift conversion for the preparation of reducing gas
US6251162B1 (en) * 1996-03-05 2001-06-26 Deutsche Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Process for the production of liquid pig iron or liquid intermediate products of steel

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB883998A (en) * 1958-04-01 1961-12-06 Mckee & Co Arthur G Method of operating blast furnaces
EP1689892B1 (en) * 2003-12-05 2010-10-13 Posco An apparatus for manufacturing a molten iron directly using fine or lump coals and fine iron ores, the method thereof, the integrated steel mill using the same and the method thereof

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4913733A (en) * 1984-10-17 1990-04-03 Korf Engineering Gmbh (Now Deutsche Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh) Process for producing pig iron
US4784689A (en) * 1985-02-06 1988-11-15 Korf Engineering Gmbh Process for producing sponge iron particles and molten pig iron
US4685964A (en) * 1985-10-03 1987-08-11 Midrex International B.V. Rotterdam Method and apparatus for producing molten iron using coal
US4755219A (en) * 1986-02-05 1988-07-05 Korf Engineering Gmbh Process for producing molten pig iron or steel raw material
US5958107A (en) * 1993-12-15 1999-09-28 Bechtel Croup, Inc. Shift conversion for the preparation of reducing gas
US5582029A (en) * 1995-10-04 1996-12-10 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Use of nitrogen from an air separation plant in carbon dioxide removal from a feed gas to a further process
US6251162B1 (en) * 1996-03-05 2001-06-26 Deutsche Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Process for the production of liquid pig iron or liquid intermediate products of steel

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8968441B2 (en) 2009-01-30 2015-03-03 Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Gmbh Method and system for producing pig iron or fluid steel pre-products
US8911700B2 (en) 2009-02-20 2014-12-16 Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Gmbh Process and installation for producing substitute gas
US20220213567A1 (en) * 2019-09-25 2022-07-07 Shandong University Ironmaking system and ironmaking process of two-section downdraft bed

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AR063265A1 (es) 2009-01-14
CA2665763A1 (en) 2008-04-24
AU2007312665A1 (en) 2008-04-24
BRPI0719172A2 (pt) 2014-04-15
KR20090068351A (ko) 2009-06-26
RU2009117865A (ru) 2010-11-20
CL2007002941A1 (es) 2008-05-30
DE102006048601A1 (de) 2008-04-17
JP2010506046A (ja) 2010-02-25
EP2082066A1 (de) 2009-07-29
WO2008046503A1 (de) 2008-04-24
MX2009003725A (es) 2009-04-22
ZA200902093B (en) 2010-06-30
TW200827452A (en) 2008-07-01
CN101528948A (zh) 2009-09-09

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STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION