US20090256714A1 - Device and Method for Detecting Smoke by Joint Evaluation of Two Optical Backscatter Signals - Google Patents

Device and Method for Detecting Smoke by Joint Evaluation of Two Optical Backscatter Signals Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20090256714A1
US20090256714A1 US12/389,081 US38908109A US2009256714A1 US 20090256714 A1 US20090256714 A1 US 20090256714A1 US 38908109 A US38908109 A US 38908109A US 2009256714 A1 US2009256714 A1 US 2009256714A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
light
transmitter
receiver
smoke
light receiver
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/389,081
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Markus Loepfe
Kurt Muller
Georges A. Tenchio
Walter Vollenweider
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of US20090256714A1 publication Critical patent/US20090256714A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/20—Calibration, including self-calibrating arrangements
    • G08B29/22—Provisions facilitating manual calibration, e.g. input or output provisions for testing; Holding of intermittent values to permit measurement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
    • G01N2021/4704—Angular selective
    • G01N2021/4709—Backscatter
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the present invention lies in the technical field of alarm signaling technology.
  • the present invention relates, in particular, to a device or system that is based on the principle of optical scattered light measurement for the detection of smoke.
  • the present invention further relates to a method based on the principle of optical scattered light measurement for the detection of smoke.
  • Optical or photoelectric smoke detectors usually operate in accordance with the scattered light process. Such detectors exploit the fact that clear air reflects practically no light. If however there are smoke particles in the air, at least a part of an infrared illumination light emitted by a light emitting diode is scattered at the smoke particles. A part of this scattered light then falls on a light-sensitive sensor which is not illuminated directly by the light beam. Without smoke particles in the air the illumination light cannot reach the light-sensitive sensor.
  • a smoke alarm is known from EP 1 039 426 A2, which features a housing and a light transmitter and a light receiver arranged within the housing.
  • a smoke detection area defined by the spatial arrangement of light transmitter and light receiver is located outside the smoke alarm.
  • the light transmitter is assigned a control receiver, which is configured for detecting radiation emitted by the light transmitter.
  • a control transmitter assigned to the light receiver is provided, so that the sensitivity of the light receiver can be checked.
  • a fire detector that is based on the known scattered radiation principle is described in German published patent application DE 10 2004 001 699 A1 and its counterpart patent application publication US 2008/0258925 A1 and.
  • the fire detector features a number of radiation transmitters and a number of radiation detectors, the beam paths of which define a number of spaced scatter volumes or detection areas.
  • the detection areas are spaced from each other so that small measurement objects, such as insects for example, cannot move through a number of detection areas at the same time. In this way a reliable distinction can be made between a light scattered at a small measurement object and a fire, in which smoke distributed over all detection areas will be distinguished.
  • a fire alarm which can be fitted flush into a ceiling of a room to be monitored is described in international PCT publication WO 2005/051053 and its counterpart patent application publication US 2007/0040695 A1.
  • the fire alarm features a radiation transmitter and a radiation receiver which are accommodated alongside one another on a detector insert. Between a cover cap which separates the smoke detector from the room to be monitored and the detector insert a film can be inserted of which the color can be matched to that of the room to be monitored.
  • a suitable choice of color enables the smoke detector to be adapted to the room to be monitored so that the smoke detector is not noticed or is barely noticed by people in the room.
  • a fire detector and a method for detecting fire is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,225,810 and its European counterpart EP 0 472 039 A2.
  • the fire detector features a laser light source configured to transmit short laser pulses in an area to be monitored.
  • the fire detector also features a light detector which is arranged next the laser light source and which is configured to detect smoke in the area to be monitored or laser light scattered back from other objects by around 180°.
  • the position of a backscatter object within the area to be monitored can be determined.
  • the type of smoke detected can also be recognized. In particular a distinction can be made between black smoke and white smoke.
  • a device for detecting smoke comprising:
  • a device for detection of smoke has the following features (a) a basic element with a flat installation surface, (b) a first light transmitter which is attached to the installation surface and which is configured for transmitting a first illumination light and (c) a first light receiver which is attached to the installation surfaced next to the light transmitter and which is configured for receiving a first measuring light which results from a backscattering of the first illumination light at a measurement object located in a first detection area.
  • the described device also features (d) a second light transmitter which is attached to the installation surface and which is configured for emitting a second illumination light (e) a second light receiver attached to the installation surface next to the second and light transmitter and which is configured for receiving a second measuring light which results from a backscattering of the second illumination light on a measurement object located in a second detection area, and (f) a data processing device which is coupled to a first light receiver and the second light receiver and which is configured for joint evaluation of a first output signal of the first light receiver and a second output signal of a second light receiver.
  • the described device for detection of smoke which is subsequently also referred to in brief as a smoke detector, is based on the knowledge that the smoke detector can be implemented by a flat arrangement of all optoelectronic components on a common installation surface in an especially low-profile design. In such cases the first detection area and the second detection area are located outside the actual smoke alarm.
  • the smoke alarm described thus involves an open smoke alarm.
  • smoke which is in the immediate vicinity of the smoke detector preferably contributes in a significant way to the measuring light received.
  • Smoke which is further than around 104 mm away from the smoke detector is usually no longer registered by the latter since the corresponding optical backscatter signal is too small.
  • detection area is to be understood as a layer which immediately adjoins the smoke detector. Smoke which is within the detection area will then lead to a significant and measurable optical backscatter signal. Smoke which is outside the detection area and which as a consequence is further away from the smoke detector will not contribute in a significant way to the received backscatter signal.
  • field of vision of the smoke detector is understood as the area which is basically covered by the smoke detector and which lies outside the detection area.
  • smoke which is in the field of vision of the smoke detector cannot contribute in a significant manner to the optical backscatter signal. This does not apply however to concrete scattering objects such as insects and pieces of furniture for example. These can result in an appreciable optical backscatter signal even if they are only in the field of vision of the smoke detector.
  • the measurement object is especially smoke which comprises individual smoke particles which are detected by the described smoke detector based on the scattered light principle.
  • the measurement object can however in practice also be another object such as an insect or an object accidentally brought into the detection area, which also generate a backscatter signal.
  • the optical backscatter signals of actual objects located in the detection area such as especially insects are however significantly stronger by comparison with the optical backscatter signals caused by smoke.
  • a suitable evaluation of the output signals of the first and the second light detector by the data processing device enables such events to be reliably distinguished from the actual presence of smoke.
  • the scattered light is measured by the smoke detector described in a backscatter, geometry of around 180°.
  • the deviation of the scatter angle from an exact backscatter and thereby from exactly 180° is produced (a) from the distance between the first and the second light transmitter and the first or the second light receiver and (b) from a distance between the location of the backscatter and the respective light transmitter or light receiver.
  • a sharp deviation from the scatter angle of 180° can be produced.
  • the described smoke detector differs especially in the backscatter geometry it uses from conventional smoke detectors which either, as forwards scatterers, have a scatter angle of approximately 60° or as backscatterers, have a scatter angle of around 120° between illumination light and scattered light.
  • the optoelectronic or photoelectronic components can advantageously be semiconductor diodes in surface mount technology.
  • the basic element can be a circuit board or at least feature a circuit board on which the semiconductor transmit and semiconductor receive diodes are accommodated in the known way and electrically contacted.
  • the term light basically means electromagnetic waves in any spectral ranges. This also includes the ultraviolet, the visible and the infrared spectrum for example. Light with the longer wavelengths such as microwaves for example also represent light within the meaning of this application.
  • the term of light especially means electromagnetic radiation in the near infrared spectrum in which light-emitting diodes used as a light transmitter have an especially strong luminous intensity.
  • the described smoke detector can however not only be used with almost monochromatic light radiation but also with light radiation which comprises two or more discrete wavelengths and/or a wavelength continuum.
  • the first light transmitter and the first light receiver are implemented by a first reflection light barrier and/or the second light transmitter and the second light receiver by a second reflection light barrier.
  • This has the advantage of enabling commercially available reflection light barriers to be used. No relative adjustment between a light transmitter and the corresponding light receiver for matching the direction of radiation of the light transmitter to the direction of reception of the light receiver is required as a result of the fixed relative arrangement of these optoelectronic components within a common component or at least within a common housing.
  • the smoke detector can thus be constructed in an advantageous manner with a small installation outlay.
  • the direction of the first illumination light in relation to a normal of the installation surface is inclined in the direction of the first light receiver and/or the direction of the second illumination light is inclined in relation to the normal of the installation surface is inclined in the direction of the second light receiver.
  • direction means the mean direction of radiation of the first and/or of the second light transmitter.
  • the light transmitters can not just be lasers such as for example a VCSEL (Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser) which emit an almost parallel light bundle.
  • the light transmitters can also have an emission characteristic with diverging light beams which have a certain angular distribution around the mean direction of emission inclined to the respective light receiver.
  • the direction of the first illumination light and the direction of the second illumination light run in parallel to each other.
  • the direction of the illumination light relates respectively to the mean radiation direction.
  • the first light transmitter and the second light transmitter as well as the first light receiver and the second light receiver respectively represent a limit of the device for detection of smoke.
  • no other parts of the described smoke detector are located outside the photoelectric components light transmitter and light receiver.
  • covers or housing parts The smoke detector can thus be embodied so that no further—possibly optically transparent—cover is located between the photoelectric components and the respective detection areas by which the photoelectric components are protected from contamination.
  • first detection area and/or the second detection area can also be located outside the smoke detector.
  • the device for smoke detection represents an open smoke detector which has no optical chamber of its own.
  • the smoke detector additionally features a subtraction unit which on its input side is coupled to the first light receiver and the second light receiver and which on its output side is coupled to the data processing device.
  • the subtraction unit can for example be implemented by means of suitable hardware components which determine on the basis of analog output signals of the two light receivers a difference signal between the first output signal and the second output signal. This difference signal can then be evaluated in a suitable manner by a processor of the data processing device.
  • the subtraction unit can likewise be integrated into the data processing device and be implemented there either by means of hardware, by means of software or by means of a combination of hardware and software.
  • the influence of foreign light sources can for example be eliminated by the evaluation of the described difference signal, which radiates light from outside into the two light receivers and thus for each individual light receiver looks after an incorrectly increased receive signal.
  • the first light receiver is configured for detection of a timing waveform of the first measurement light.
  • the first light transmitter is configured to emit a pulsed first illumination light.
  • pulsed illumination light with very short light pulses with a temporal length of preferably less than 1 ns in connection with a light receiver which has a timing resolution which is likewise in the nanosecond range has the advantage of information being able to be obtained about the spatial distribution of the light scatterers.
  • a first optical reflection signal which originates from the floor of a smoke detector arranged on the ceiling of a room, can be discriminated in time from a second reflection signal, which originates from being scattered on smoke.
  • smoke only delivers a significant reflection signal if is located within a detection area close to the smoke detector.
  • a backscatter light assigned to the smoke can be assigned an insignificant light delay time.
  • the detection area can be a layer which is located immediately below a smoke detector arranged on the ceiling of a room.
  • the layer thickness of the detection area can for example amount to around 10 mm for example.
  • a measurement of the time difference t between the sending out of an illumination light pulse and the backscattered measurement pulse detected by the light receiver enables it to be determined how far away the respective object is from the light transmitter or the light receiver.
  • the space s between the object and the light transmitter or the light receiver is given by the following equation:
  • the letter c stands for the speed of light here.
  • the second light transmitter can of course also be configured for emitting pulsed illumination light.
  • the second light receiver can be configured for detecting a temporal waveform of the second measurement light.
  • the smoke detection device additionally features a control device which is coupled to the first light transmitter and the second light transmitter and which is configured such that the first light transmitter is able to be activated independently of the second light transmitter.
  • an independent activation of the two light sources enables the described smoke detector to be operated in different operating modes.
  • an asymmetrical operating mode is possible, in which both the first light receiver and also the second light receiver is active, compared to a mode in which only one of the two light transmitters is switched on and the other is explicitly switched off. If in this operating mode both light receivers at least approximately show the same signal then a remote echo is involved. This can stem from a reflection of the illumination light emitted by the active light transmitter on an object far away, such as the floor of the room being monitored for example. In the event of danger, in which smoke intrudes into or occurs in the monitoring room, the smoke will also intrude into the near environment of the smoke detector, so that the two light receivers receive a greatly differing measuring signal. In this case the light receiver which is assigned to the switched-on light transmitter receives measurement light at a far greater intensity than the other light receiver.
  • a method for detecting smoke which uses the device described above.
  • the smoke detection method described features (a) an emission of at least the first illumination light by the first light transmitter and (b) a reception of at least the first measurement light by the first light receiver, which results from a backscattering of the first illumination light at a measurement object located in a first detection area.
  • the method additionally features a reception of light be means of the second light receiver.
  • a common evaluation of the light intensities measured by the two light receivers enables smoke to be reliably detected.
  • a backscatter at spatially distributed smoke particles namely means that the light intensity received by the first light receiver will be far greater than the light intensity which relates to the second light receiver, which is assigned to the non-activated light transmitter. Only with light scattering at a very distant object will the two light intensities which respectively hit the two light receivers be at least approximately the same.
  • the method additionally features a formation of a difference signal between the first output signal and the second output signal.
  • the difference signal can be evaluated by a processor of the data processing device and any disruptive influence of the foreign light source can be eliminated in the process.
  • the first illumination light features light pulses.
  • the introduction of a time dependency for the illumination by the first light enables additional information about the spatial position of scatter objects located in the first detection area or in a field of vision assigned to the first light transmitter and the first light receiver to be obtained.
  • the second illumination light emitted by the second light transmitter can also feature light pulses.
  • the method additionally features a measurement of the length of the light pulses scattered back as first measurement light. This has the advantage that information about the spatial arrangement of different objects within the field of vision of the smoke detector can be obtained.
  • a large spatial distribution of the scatter objects leads to a temporal broadening or a structuring of the backscattered measurement light pulses by comparison with the emitted object illumination light pulses.
  • the reason for this is that the illumination light is backscattered on various objects which are at different distances from the first light transmitter or of the first light receiver. Taking into account the finite speed of light, different optical wavelengths lead to a temporal broadening or structuring of the received illumination light pulses. By contrast, a backscattering at smoke does not lead to any clear lengthening of the measurement light pulse in relation to the illumination light pulse.
  • temporal lengths of light pulses scattered back as second measurement light can also be measured and correspondingly evaluated.
  • the method additionally features a measure of the time difference between the transmission of a measurement light pulse of the first illumination light and the reception of the corresponding measurement light pulse of the backscattered first measurement light.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional diagram of a smoke detector with two reflection light barriers attached to a common circuit board;
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram of a subtraction unit for forming a difference signal between two output signals of the light barriers shown in FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a temporal broadening or structuring of a measurement light pulse as a result of scattering at two objects at different distances from the smoke detector.
  • a smoke detector 100 which has a base plate 105 .
  • the base plate is a circuit board 105 or a suitable circuit carrier for accepting electronic and optoelectronic components. All components fitted to the circuit board 105 are contacted in a manner not shown by means of conductor tracks or electrical wire connections in a suitable manner.
  • the smoke detector 100 comprises a first reflection light barrier 110 and a second reflection light barrier 120 .
  • the first reflection light barrier 110 features a first light transmitter 111 and arranged directly adjacent to it in a common housing, a first light receiver 112 .
  • the second reflection light barrier 120 features a second light transmitter 121 and arranged directly adjacent to it in a common housing, a second light receiver 122 .
  • the first light transmitter 111 essentially emits a first illumination light 111 a perpendicular to the plane of the circuit board 105 .
  • the first illumination light 111 a is backscattered at least partly by approximately 180° in a first detection area 115 , in which there is smoke for example.
  • the backscattered light as first measurement light 112 a reaches the first light receiver 112 .
  • the second light transmitter 121 essentially emits a second illumination light 121 a perpendicular to the plane of the circuit board 105 .
  • the second illumination light 121 is backscattered at least partly by approximately 180° in a second detection area 125 in which there is smoke for example.
  • the backscattered light as the second measurement light 122 a , reaches the second light receiver 122 .
  • the smoke detector 100 further features a subtraction unit 136 which forms a difference signal from the output signals of the two light receivers 112 and 122 . This difference signal is fed to a data processing device 135 of the smoke detector 100 .
  • a control device 130 is also provided which is coupled to the two light transmitters 111 and 121 . This enables the two light transmitters 111 and 121 to be activated or switched on independently of each other.
  • All components 110 , 120 , 130 , 135 and 136 of the smoke detector 100 are attached to the circuit board 105 and electrically contacted in a suitable manner. This enables the smoke detector 100 to be implemented in a very flat profile.
  • the height of the smoke detector 100 in this case is determined merely by the thickness of circuit board 105 and by the components 110 , 120 , 130 , 135 and 136 .
  • all components 110 , 120 , 130 , 135 and 136 are Surface Mount Technology (SMD) components.
  • SMD Surface Mount Technology
  • the total height in this case is produced by the distance between the upper side of the circuit board 105 and the lower surface of the smoke detector labeled in FIG. 1 with the reference symbol 140 .
  • the light-active surfaces of the light transmitter 111 , 121 and the light receiver 112 , 122 coincide with the surface 140 . This means that between these light-active surfaces and the respective detection areas 115 , 125 there are no further parts of the smoke detector 100 .
  • light barriers can also be used which have transparent protection layers for the light-active surfaces of the light transmitter 111 , 121 and the light receiver 112 , 122 , so that at least a degree of contamination protection is provided by them.
  • the smoke detector 100 described with two reflection light barriers aligned in parallel has the advantage that it does not feature any optical elements such as for example lenses or mirrors. This enables the smoke detector to be manufactured in an especially simple manner with low-cost components. There are also no special installation tolerances to take into account in the assembly or installation of the smoke detector. All components required for the smoke detector are mass-produced components which can be manufactured at low cost.
  • a reliable device for distinguishing between smoke and distant concrete scatter objects can however be effectively undertaken with the described smoke detector 100 in that for example, during the emission of the illumination light 110 a by the active light transmitter 111 , the other light transmitters 121 are switched off or deactivated. Simultaneously the two light receivers 112 and 122 are activated. If in this case the two light receivers 112 and 122 show at least approximately the same signal, then a remote echo of an object which is located outside the detection area in the field of vision of the smoke detector is involved. This echo can for example originate from a floor surface of the area monitored by the smoke detector 100 and not from smoke particles. Smoke particles would namely, especially with ceiling mounting of the smoke detector 100 , at least partly also be located in the vicinity of the smoke detector 100 , so that in this case the signal of the two light receivers 112 and 122 would be of different strengths.
  • the difference signal between the two light receivers 112 and 122 can also be easily evaluated for detection of smoke. In such cases the influence of foreign light can also be effectively suppressed.
  • FIG. 2 shows the subtraction unit already shown in FIG. 1 which is now labeled with the reference symbol 236 .
  • a “plus input” of the subtraction unit 236 is fed with a first output signal 212 b of the first light receiver, which is labeled in FIG. 2 by the reference symbol 212 .
  • a “minus input” of the subtraction unit 236 is fed with a second output signal 222 b of the second light receiver, which is labeled in FIG. 2 with the reference symbol 222 .
  • a difference signal 236 b is formed from the two output signals 212 b and 222 b which is fed in FIG. 2 to a data processing device not shown. The difference signal 236 b can be evaluated in the data processing device as described above.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates in a schematic diagram the temporal broadening or structuring of a measurement light pulse as a result of the scattering at different spatially distributed objects 315 a and 315 b .
  • the objects 315 a and 315 b expressly do not involve smoke. From the degree of temporal broadening or of temporal structuring conclusions can be drawn about spatial distribution of the solid scatter objects 315 a and 315 b.
  • a light transmitter 311 transmits an illumination light 311 which features at least one short light pulse 313 .
  • This light pulse 313 is then scattered back at the objects 315 a and 315 b located in the field of vision of the detector by approximately 180 degrees.
  • the backscatter occurs at all possible objects within the field of vision of the detector 311 , 312 .
  • a typical object 315 b is located at a distance d from the light transmitter 311
  • the other typical object 315 a is located at a distance d′ from the light transmitter 311 .
  • the object 315 a involved is the floor of a monitored area.
  • the object 315 b can involve any given object such as for example a piece of furniture, which is located permanently or temporarily between the floor 315 a and the smoke detector 311 , 312 .
  • the light pulse 313 initially hits the first object 315 b at a distance d from the light transmitter. In this case a part of the light energy is scattered back, so that the measurement light 312 a , which hits the light receiver 312 features a first backscatter pulse 313 a . Thereafter the now slightly weakened light pulse 313 hits the first object or the floor 315 a , which is located at a distance d′ from the light transmitter. Again a part of the light energy is also scattered back at the floor 315 a , so that the measurement light 312 a has a second backscatter pulse 313 b.
  • any smoke which may be in the field of vision of the detector which is at a distance of typically more than a few centimeters of the smoke detector 311 , 312 does not make any appreciable contribution to the received optical backscatter signal.
  • each input light pulse 313 can generate a plurality of backscatter pulses 313 a , 313 b , . . . , which originate from the spatially distributed objects 315 a , 315 b .
  • the echo of the objects further away however also arrives later at the light receiver 312 .
  • the spatial distribution or arrangement of the objects located in the field of vision of the smoke detector can be determined.
  • the delay time of the measurement light pulse from emission to reception in the backscattered measurement light pulse 314 is measured and from it the distance between the light transmitter 311 or the light receiver 312 and the objects 315 a and 315 b can be computed.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
US12/389,081 2008-02-19 2009-02-19 Device and Method for Detecting Smoke by Joint Evaluation of Two Optical Backscatter Signals Abandoned US20090256714A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08101743A EP2093732A1 (fr) 2008-02-19 2008-02-19 Dispositif et procédé de détection de fumée à l'aide de l'évaluation collective de deux signaux à rétrodiffusion optiques
EP08101743 2008-02-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20090256714A1 true US20090256714A1 (en) 2009-10-15

Family

ID=39531402

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/735,844 Active 2030-02-22 US8546740B2 (en) 2008-02-19 2009-02-19 Evaluation of a difference signal between output signals of two receiving devices in a sensor apparatus
US12/389,081 Abandoned US20090256714A1 (en) 2008-02-19 2009-02-19 Device and Method for Detecting Smoke by Joint Evaluation of Two Optical Backscatter Signals

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/735,844 Active 2030-02-22 US8546740B2 (en) 2008-02-19 2009-02-19 Evaluation of a difference signal between output signals of two receiving devices in a sensor apparatus

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (2) US8546740B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP2093732A1 (fr)
CN (2) CN101952861B (fr)
HK (1) HK1153301A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009103777A1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110057805A1 (en) * 2008-02-19 2011-03-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Smoke alarm with temporal evaluation of a backscatter signal, test method for the functional capability of a smoke alarm
US20110195364A1 (en) * 2010-02-09 2011-08-11 Conocophillips Company Automated flare control
US20120050051A1 (en) * 2010-08-26 2012-03-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Scattered-light fire detector with a device for suppressing an acoustic warning in the event of a low battery voltage
US20140015681A1 (en) * 2012-07-09 2014-01-16 Sfjc, Llc Recreational smoking monitor system for use in occupied spaces
US20140226162A1 (en) * 2013-02-08 2014-08-14 Schako Klima Luft Ferdinand Schad Kg Smoke detector
US8907802B2 (en) 2012-04-29 2014-12-09 Valor Fire Safety, Llc Smoke detector with external sampling volume and ambient light rejection
US8947244B2 (en) 2012-04-29 2015-02-03 Valor Fire Safety, Llc Smoke detector utilizing broadband light, external sampling volume, and internally reflected light
US9140646B2 (en) 2012-04-29 2015-09-22 Valor Fire Safety, Llc Smoke detector with external sampling volume using two different wavelengths and ambient light detection for measurement correction
US9482607B2 (en) 2012-04-29 2016-11-01 Valor Fire Safety, Llc Methods of smoke detecting using two different wavelengths of light and ambient light detection for measurement correction

Families Citing this family (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8948273B2 (en) * 2007-09-17 2015-02-03 J. Craig Oxford Method and apparatus for wired signal transmission
JP5691594B2 (ja) * 2011-02-09 2015-04-01 富士ゼロックス株式会社 検知装置および処理システム
DE102011083939B4 (de) 2011-09-30 2014-12-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Auswerten von Streulichtsignalen bei einem optischen Gefahrenmelder und Ausgeben sowohl eines gewichteten Rauchdichtesignals als auch eines gewichteten Staub-/Dampfdichte-Signals
EP2608174B1 (fr) * 2011-12-20 2016-10-19 Siemens Schweiz AG Procédé de reconnaissance d'un objet parasite dans un volume de diffusion d'un détecteur d'incendie optique et détecteur d'incendie optique
JP2013197243A (ja) * 2012-03-19 2013-09-30 Rohm Co Ltd 光センサ及びその出力回路
CN102789671B (zh) * 2012-06-21 2017-02-22 江苏中瀚通讯技术有限公司 一种免维护式光电式烟雾探测器及其测试过程
DE102015004458B4 (de) 2014-06-26 2016-05-12 Elmos Semiconductor Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung und Verfahren für einen klassifizierenden, rauchkammerlosen Luftzustandssensor zur Prognostizierung eines folgenden Betriebszustands
WO2016007575A1 (fr) 2014-07-11 2016-01-14 Carrier Corporation Technique de positionnement lidar sans encodeur à des fins de détection et d'alarme
CN105318384A (zh) * 2014-08-01 2016-02-10 青岛海尔智能技术研发有限公司 抽油烟机及其风速调控系统和方法
DE102014019172B4 (de) 2014-12-17 2023-12-07 Elmos Semiconductor Se Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Unterscheidung von festen Objekten, Kochdunst und Rauch mit einem kompensierenden optischen Messsystem
DE102014019773B4 (de) 2014-12-17 2023-12-07 Elmos Semiconductor Se Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Unterscheidung von festen Objekten, Kochdunst und Rauch mittels des Displays eines Mobiltelefons
EP3073458A1 (fr) * 2015-03-23 2016-09-28 Siemens Schweiz AG Dispositif d'alerte d'incendie doté d'un agencement à écran diffusant dans la zone d'un orifice d'entrée de fumée destiné à la surveillance de l'encrassement
ES2894676T3 (es) 2016-08-04 2022-02-15 Carrier Corp Detector de humo
ES2919300T3 (es) * 2016-11-11 2022-07-22 Carrier Corp Detección basada en fibra óptica de alta sensibilidad
CN106534415B (zh) * 2016-12-06 2023-04-07 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 传感器组件、盖板组件、终端及接近状态检测方法
US20180266938A1 (en) * 2017-03-16 2018-09-20 Symmetry Sensors, Inc. System and method for particle characterization
US10605924B2 (en) * 2017-08-02 2020-03-31 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Method and apparatus cross segment detection in a lidar system
DE102018125494A1 (de) * 2018-10-15 2020-04-16 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Rauchmelder zum streckenweisen Detektieren von Rauch, sowie Fahrzeug aufweisend einen Rauchmelder
DE102019219200A1 (de) * 2019-12-10 2021-06-10 Siemens Schweiz Ag Rauchdetektionseinheit für einen Brandmelder mit Grundpulsunterdrückung sowie geeignetes Verfahren zur Rauchdetektion
WO2021115728A1 (fr) 2019-12-10 2021-06-17 Siemens Schweiz Ag Unité de détection de fumée pour une alarme incendie à suppression d'impulsions de base, et procédé approprié de détection de fumée
CN111295021B (zh) * 2020-03-12 2022-04-19 佛山市南海柏斯光照明有限公司 基于物理联网的灯光控制方法、装置、系统及存储介质
US11615683B2 (en) * 2020-04-01 2023-03-28 Carrier Corporation Surface mount back scatter photo-electric smoke detector
CN117523795B (zh) * 2024-01-08 2024-03-12 电子科技大学 一种基于物联网的弱电桥架线路布设异常预警方法和系统

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4199755A (en) * 1977-10-28 1980-04-22 Nittan Company, Ltd. Optical smoke detector
US5225810A (en) * 1990-08-23 1993-07-06 Nohmi Bosai Ltd. Fire detector for discriminating smoke and flame based on optically measured distance
US5576697A (en) * 1993-04-30 1996-11-19 Hochiki Kabushiki Kaisha Fire alarm system
US20070040695A1 (en) * 2003-11-18 2007-02-22 Bernd Siber Fire alarm
US20070285264A1 (en) * 2000-02-10 2007-12-13 Cole Martin T Smoke detectors particularly ducted smoke detectors
US20080252468A1 (en) * 2005-11-04 2008-10-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Manipulation Protection for a Fire Detector
US20080258925A1 (en) * 2004-01-13 2008-10-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fire Detector
US7564365B2 (en) * 2002-08-23 2009-07-21 Ge Security, Inc. Smoke detector and method of detecting smoke
US20100039274A1 (en) * 2006-09-07 2010-02-18 Siemens Schweiz Ag Particle monitors and method(s) therefor
US20100194574A1 (en) * 2009-01-30 2010-08-05 David James Monk Particle detection system and method of detecting particles

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4220857A (en) * 1978-11-01 1980-09-02 Systron-Donner Corporation Optical flame and explosion detection system and method
GB2123548B (en) * 1982-07-14 1985-09-04 Chloride Group Plc Suspended particle detector
US4857895A (en) 1987-08-31 1989-08-15 Kaprelian Edward K Combined scatter and light obscuration smoke detector
US5140168A (en) * 1990-12-03 1992-08-18 Great Lakes Instruments, Inc. Turbidimeter signal processing circuit using alternating light sources
SE470168B (sv) * 1992-04-27 1993-11-22 Whirlpool Int Rök/ångdetektor för mikrovågsugn
US5352901A (en) * 1993-04-26 1994-10-04 Cummins Electronics Company, Inc. Forward and back scattering loss compensated smoke detector
JPH1123458A (ja) * 1997-05-08 1999-01-29 Nittan Co Ltd 煙感知器および監視制御システム
EP1039426A3 (fr) 1999-03-22 2001-01-31 Schako Metallwarenfabrik Ferdinand Schad Kg Dispositif pour détecter de la fumée
US6611320B1 (en) * 1999-09-08 2003-08-26 Optoq Ab Method and apparatus
EP1349127A1 (fr) * 2002-03-28 2003-10-01 Siemens Building Technologies AG Capteur de fumée selon le principe d'extinction et son utilisation

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4199755A (en) * 1977-10-28 1980-04-22 Nittan Company, Ltd. Optical smoke detector
US5225810A (en) * 1990-08-23 1993-07-06 Nohmi Bosai Ltd. Fire detector for discriminating smoke and flame based on optically measured distance
US5576697A (en) * 1993-04-30 1996-11-19 Hochiki Kabushiki Kaisha Fire alarm system
US20070285264A1 (en) * 2000-02-10 2007-12-13 Cole Martin T Smoke detectors particularly ducted smoke detectors
US7564365B2 (en) * 2002-08-23 2009-07-21 Ge Security, Inc. Smoke detector and method of detecting smoke
US20070040695A1 (en) * 2003-11-18 2007-02-22 Bernd Siber Fire alarm
US20080258925A1 (en) * 2004-01-13 2008-10-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fire Detector
US20080252468A1 (en) * 2005-11-04 2008-10-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Manipulation Protection for a Fire Detector
US20100039274A1 (en) * 2006-09-07 2010-02-18 Siemens Schweiz Ag Particle monitors and method(s) therefor
US20100194574A1 (en) * 2009-01-30 2010-08-05 David James Monk Particle detection system and method of detecting particles

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8587442B2 (en) * 2008-02-19 2013-11-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Smoke alarm with temporal evaluation of a backscatter signal, test method for the functional capability of a smoke alarm
US20110057805A1 (en) * 2008-02-19 2011-03-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Smoke alarm with temporal evaluation of a backscatter signal, test method for the functional capability of a smoke alarm
US20110195364A1 (en) * 2010-02-09 2011-08-11 Conocophillips Company Automated flare control
WO2011100225A1 (fr) * 2010-02-09 2011-08-18 Conocophillips Company Contrôle automatisé de torche
US9677762B2 (en) * 2010-02-09 2017-06-13 Phillips 66 Company Automated flare control
US9053620B2 (en) * 2010-08-26 2015-06-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Scattered-light fire detector with a device for suppressing an acoustic warning in the event of a low battery voltage
US20120050051A1 (en) * 2010-08-26 2012-03-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Scattered-light fire detector with a device for suppressing an acoustic warning in the event of a low battery voltage
US9142113B2 (en) 2012-04-29 2015-09-22 Valor Fire Safety, Llc Smoke detector with external sampling volume using two different wavelengths and ambient light detection for measurement correction
US9142112B2 (en) 2012-04-29 2015-09-22 Valor Fire Safety, Llc Smoke detector with external sampling volume using two different wavelengths and ambient light detection for measurement correction
US8947243B2 (en) 2012-04-29 2015-02-03 Valor Fire Safety, Llc Smoke detector with external sampling volume and utilizing internally reflected light
US8952821B2 (en) 2012-04-29 2015-02-10 Valor Fire Safety, Llc Smoke detector utilizing ambient-light sensor, external sampling volume, and internally reflected light
US8907802B2 (en) 2012-04-29 2014-12-09 Valor Fire Safety, Llc Smoke detector with external sampling volume and ambient light rejection
US10712263B2 (en) 2012-04-29 2020-07-14 Valor Fire Safety, Llc Smoke detection using two different wavelengths of light and additional detection for measurement correction
US10041877B2 (en) 2012-04-29 2018-08-07 Valor Fire Safety, Llc Smoke detection using two different wavelengths of light and additional detection for measurement correction
US8947244B2 (en) 2012-04-29 2015-02-03 Valor Fire Safety, Llc Smoke detector utilizing broadband light, external sampling volume, and internally reflected light
US9482607B2 (en) 2012-04-29 2016-11-01 Valor Fire Safety, Llc Methods of smoke detecting using two different wavelengths of light and ambient light detection for measurement correction
US9140646B2 (en) 2012-04-29 2015-09-22 Valor Fire Safety, Llc Smoke detector with external sampling volume using two different wavelengths and ambient light detection for measurement correction
US9470626B2 (en) 2012-04-29 2016-10-18 Valor Fire Safety, Llc Method of smoke detection with direct detection of light and detection of light reflected from an external sampling volume
US20160049059A1 (en) * 2012-07-09 2016-02-18 Sfjc, Llc Recreational smoking monitor system for use in occupied spaces
US20140015681A1 (en) * 2012-07-09 2014-01-16 Sfjc, Llc Recreational smoking monitor system for use in occupied spaces
US9111426B2 (en) * 2012-07-09 2015-08-18 Sfjc, Llc Recreational smoking monitor system for use in occupied spaces
US20140226162A1 (en) * 2013-02-08 2014-08-14 Schako Klima Luft Ferdinand Schad Kg Smoke detector
US9098987B2 (en) * 2013-02-08 2015-08-04 Schako Klima Luft Ferdinand Schad Kg Smoke detector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101515400A (zh) 2009-08-26
HK1153301A1 (zh) 2012-03-23
CN101952861B (zh) 2015-11-25
EP2252984A1 (fr) 2010-11-24
US20110108748A1 (en) 2011-05-12
CN101952861A (zh) 2011-01-19
EP2252984B1 (fr) 2012-07-25
EP2093732A1 (fr) 2009-08-26
WO2009103777A1 (fr) 2009-08-27
US8546740B2 (en) 2013-10-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20090256714A1 (en) Device and Method for Detecting Smoke by Joint Evaluation of Two Optical Backscatter Signals
US8587442B2 (en) Smoke alarm with temporal evaluation of a backscatter signal, test method for the functional capability of a smoke alarm
US9666048B2 (en) Scattered light smoke detector of the open type, in particular having a sidelooker led
CN101952863B (zh) 借助于两种光谱不同的散射光测量的烟雾探测
CN107918118B (zh) 一种激光雷达
US9423499B2 (en) Laser scanner and method for a safe detection of objects
CN108460948B (zh) 带有测量腔和用于共同地布置火灾传感器和至少一个另外的传感器的电路载体的火灾报警器
US20080211681A1 (en) Combined Scattered-Light and Extinction-Based Fire Detector
JP5583120B2 (ja) オブジェクトを検出するための光電スイッチおよび方法
US8872648B2 (en) Fire detector with a man-machine interface and method for controlling the fire detector
US7940190B2 (en) Smoke detector
JP2023134680A (ja) 試験送信機を備えたｔｏｆセンサ
KR101361276B1 (ko) 광 센서, 특히 근접 스위치
TW201717834A (zh) 面加工設備及基座
CN103257032A (zh) 用于测试传感器阵列中的像素性能的系统
US9553579B2 (en) Optical keypad for explosive locations
EP2264898A1 (fr) Capteur de proximité optique
AU2018226504B2 (en) Chamberless smoke detector
US20230126320A1 (en) Motion detector with masking detection
US20220043130A1 (en) Optoelectronic sensor and method for front window monitoring

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION