US20090211733A1 - Method for evaporation and/or condensation in a heat exchanger - Google Patents

Method for evaporation and/or condensation in a heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
US20090211733A1
US20090211733A1 US12/089,092 US8909206A US2009211733A1 US 20090211733 A1 US20090211733 A1 US 20090211733A1 US 8909206 A US8909206 A US 8909206A US 2009211733 A1 US2009211733 A1 US 2009211733A1
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Prior art keywords
fluid
tubes
fins
tube
heat exchanger
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US12/089,092
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Jean-Pierre Tranier
Marc Wagner
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LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Assigned to L'AIR LIQUIDE, SOCIETE ANONYME POUR L'ETUDE ET L'EXPLOITATION DES PROCEDES GEORGES CLAUDE reassignment L'AIR LIQUIDE, SOCIETE ANONYME POUR L'ETUDE ET L'EXPLOITATION DES PROCEDES GEORGES CLAUDE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: TRANIER, JEAN-PIERRE, WAGNER, MARC
Publication of US20090211733A1 publication Critical patent/US20090211733A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/1684—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F25J5/005—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger in a reboiler-condenser, e.g. within a column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F25J5/007—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger combined with mass exchange, i.e. in a so-called dephlegmator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/126—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element consisting of zig-zag shaped fins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/041—Details of condensers of evaporative condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/80—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using integrated mass and heat exchange, i.e. non-adiabatic rectification in a reflux exchanger or dephlegmator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/18—H2/CO mixtures, i.e. synthesis gas; Water gas, shifted synthesis gas or purge gas from HYCO synthesis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/02—Bath type boiler-condenser using thermo-siphon effect, e.g. with natural or forced circulation or pool boiling, i.e. core-in-kettle heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/04—Down-flowing type boiler-condenser, i.e. with evaporation of a falling liquid film
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/44—Particular materials used, e.g. copper, steel or alloys thereof or surface treatments used, e.g. enhanced surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0033—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cryogenic applications
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for vaporization and optionally condensation of a fluid in a heat exchanger and to an installation for separating a mixture of fluids by cryogenic distillation, which includes at least one heat exchanger operating according to such a method.
  • it relates to a method for vaporization and optionally condensation of air gases in an installation for separating air gases by cryogenic distillation.
  • Air gas separation units have used brazed aluminum plate heat exchangers for a very long time for reboiler/condenser functions of the distillation columns, especially the reboiler/condenser of the double column with nitrogen condensing and oxygen vaporizing.
  • the liquid is distributed over vertical plates.
  • the hydrostatic pressure therefore no longer adversely affects the exchange and small temperature differences (of less than 1° C.) may be obtained.
  • a pump is needed. Put another way, the operation is potentially dangerous for the same reasons as for reboilers/condensers.
  • EP-A-1 008 826 proposes a falling-film evaporator in which the exchanger comprises passages defined by parallel plates.
  • the liquid vaporization passages contain auxiliary passages that have only curved surfaces, for example cylindrical tubes.
  • One object of the invention is to provide a condensation and/or vaporization method using a heat exchanger that alleviates the drawbacks of the prior art and more generally an alternative heat exchange method to that carried out in a brazed aluminum plate exchanger, derived from the technology currently used in automobile radiators.
  • one subject of the invention is a method for the vaporization and/or condensation of at least one fluid in a heat exchanger consisting of a stack of at least one tube and of at least one corrugated fin, the fin and the tube being preferably brazed to each other and in which heat exchanger a first fluid, optionally to be condensed, flows inside at least one tube and a second fluid, optionally to be vaporized, flows around the fin, in which a) the first fluid condenses and the second fluid vaporizes or b) the first fluid vaporizes and the second fluid condenses.
  • the method according to the invention may furthermore comprise one or more of the following features:
  • the vaporization to take place in the tubes, and the subject of the invention would then be a method for vaporization and optionally condensation of at least one fluid in a heat exchanger consisting of a stack of at least one tube and at least one corrugated fin, the fin and the tube preferably being brazed to each other, and in which a fluid to be vaporized flows inside at least one tube and another fluid, optionally to be vaporized, flows in channels generated by fins.
  • the invention aims more particularly to provide a method for vaporization of at least one liquid derived from air and optionally for condensation of at least one gas derived from air, or which is air, as described above.
  • the aim of the invention is also to provide a method for vaporization of at least one liquid having methane and/or carbon monoxide and/or hydrogen as main component and optionally for condensation of at least one gas having methane and/or carbon monoxide and/or hydrogen as main component, as described above.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an installation for separating a mixture of fluids by cryogenic distillation in at least one column having at least one heat exchanger operating according to a heat exchange method in a heat exchanger consisting of a stack of at least one tube and of at least one corrugated fin, the fin and the tube preferably being brazed to each other, and in which a fluid flows inside at least one tube and another fluid flows around the fin, one is heated while the other is cooled.
  • At least one of the heat exchangers of such an installation is one of the types below:
  • exchangers derived from automobile radiator technology in gas separation by cryogenic distillation is not limited to reboiler/condensers, which vaporize a fluid by heat exchange with another fluid, which condenses, but may also be used for:
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevation view of a heat exchanger of a first type according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a heat exchanger for implementing the method according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view, on a larger scale and along the same direction, of part of the exchanger shown in FIG. 1 according to a first embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a tube portion of the exchanger of FIG. 2 according to a second embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view, in a vertical plane, of a stack of tubes and fins of a heat exchanger according to a third embodiment.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 are schematic views, of the top and front respectively, of a reboiler/condenser of an installation according to the invention, which contains exchangers of a second type, similar to the first shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 .
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a heat exchanger 1 having a structure similar to that of the exchangers used in motor vehicle cooling circuits.
  • FIGS. 1 to 5 will be oriented with respect to the orthogonal reference frame X, Y, Z, in which:
  • the exchanger shown in FIG. 1 essentially comprises, on the one hand, a stack of elongate tubes 3 spaced apart and mutually parallel, which extend horizontally along the X axis and, on the other hand, corrugated oblong fins (not visible in FIG. 1 ) placed in the gaps between two consecutive tubes 3 .
  • the tubes 3 are connected at one of their ends to a distribution column 5 and at their other end to a collecting column 7 .
  • the two columns 5 , 7 are formed from vertical tubular pipes in fluid communication with each of the tubes 3 .
  • the tubes 3 are brazed to the columns 5 , 7 , said columns being formed beforehand so as to allow the tubes 3 to be fitted into them.
  • These columns are not necessarily of cylindrical shape.
  • Each may be a tubular plate recessed so as to allow the tubes to be fitted into it, onto which plate the tubes will preferably have been brazed and to which a box, typically of semicylindrical shape, will be attached, for example by welding after the brazing operation.
  • the distribution column 5 is equipped in an upper part with a fluid inlet coupler 9 allowing the exchanger 1 to be supplied with a first fluid.
  • the collecting column 7 is correspondingly provided, in a lower part, with an outlet coupler 11 for evacuating the first fluid from the exchanger 1 .
  • the couplers 9 , 11 are shown schematically in FIG. 2 .
  • the exchanger shown in FIG. 2 essentially comprises, on the one hand, a stack of elongate tubes 3 , spaced apart and mutually parallel, and, on the other hand, corrugated oblong fins (not visible in FIG. 2 ) placed in the gaps lying between two consecutive tubes 3 .
  • the elongate tubes 3 extend vertically along the Z axis and the corrugation or folding direction of the fins 17 in FIG. 2 is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tubes 3 , that is to say parallel to the Y axis.
  • the tubes 3 are connected at their upper end to a distribution column 5 and at their other end to a collecting column 7 .
  • the two columns 5 , 7 are formed from vertical tubular pipes placed horizontally and in fluid communication with each of the tubes 3 .
  • the tubes 3 are brazed to the columns 5 , 7 , said columns being formed beforehand so as to allow the tubes 3 to be fitted into them.
  • These columns are not necessarily of cylindrical shape.
  • Each may be a tubular plate recessed so as to allow the tubes to be fitted into it, onto which plate the tubes will preferably have been brazed and to which a box, typically of semicylindrical shape, will be attached, for example by welding after the brazing operation.
  • the distribution column 7 is equipped on the left with an inlet coupler 11 , allowing the exchanger 1 to be supplied with a first fluid in gaseous form.
  • the coupler extends perpendicularly to the axis of the distribution column and to the axis of the tubes. This coupler may nevertheless extend along another direction, for example along the Z axis or possibly the Y axis.
  • the collecting column 5 is correspondingly provided, in a lower part, with an outlet coupler 9 for evacuating the first fluid from the exchanger 1 .
  • the coupler extends perpendicularly to the axis of the distribution column and to the axis of the tubes. However, this coupler could extend in another direction, for example along the Z axis or possibly the Y axis.
  • the couplers 9 , 11 have been shown schematically in FIG. 2 .
  • thermosiphon mode a fluid to be vaporized (a second fluid) flows over the fins 17 , in an ascending vertical direction (i.e. the fluid to be vaporized is made to flow in the channels generated by the corrugations), and a fluid at higher temperature (first fluid) is made to flow inside the tubes 3 along a descending vertical direction.
  • a fluid optionally to be condensed flows over the fins 17 in a descending vertical direction (i.e. the fluid optionally to be condensed is made to flow in the channels generated by the fins) and a lower temperature fluid to be vaporized is made to flow inside the tubes 3 along a descending vertical direction.
  • FIG. 3 shows a portion of part of the exchanger 1 of FIG. 1 , consisting of two consecutive tubes 3 and a corrugated fin 17 provided between these two tubes.
  • the tubes 3 have a running section, in the XY vertical plane, of transversely elongate shape along the X axis, so that they each have two approximately plane and parallel opposed faces.
  • the tubes 3 have an oblong cross section on the transverse axis X that is of flattened shape.
  • the fin 17 is corrugated along a corrugation or folding direction Y perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tubes 3 .
  • the fin 17 is fixed to the tubes 3 , preferably by brazing, at its peaks 19 . This brazing operation may be concomitant with the brazing of the tubes 3 to the columns 5 , 7 .
  • the fins 17 may be of any suitable type, for example one of the following types commonly used in plate heat exchangers, namely: perforated fins, straight fins, serrated (partially offset) fins, herringbone (zig-zag) fins and louvered fins.
  • the fins 17 may have, in cross section in the YZ plane, a sinusoidal, rectangular or triangular shape, or may have any other suitable type of geometric pattern.
  • the hydraulic diameter of the channels formed by the fins 17 is typically between 100 ⁇ m and 10 mm.
  • These fins may be made of solid sheet metal, perforated sheet metal, sintered metal or any other metal structure (foam, etc.).
  • the tubes 3 and the fins 17 may be made of pure or alloyed aluminum.
  • the tubes 3 and the fins 17 may be made of a copper-based alloy.
  • the tubes 3 and the fins 17 may be made of an iron-based alloy.
  • the exchanger 1 in FIG. 2 has fins 17 no longer oriented along the X axis but along the Z axis.
  • each tube is divided longitudinally into two.
  • the tube 103 has its upper face cut along a longitudinal mid-line, the two edges 21 , 22 separated by this line being turned down toward the interior of the tube and welded to the lower wall.
  • the strips thus turned down are contiguous and form a double wall separating the two longitudinal compartments 103 A, 103 B thus defined. These compartments are called channels.
  • edges 21 , 22 may for example be welded to the lower wall by laser welding.
  • a heat exchanger made up from tubes of this type is better able to withstand the pressure of the fluid flowing in the channels 103 A, 103 B since they are smaller than the tube 3 .
  • Such a design may be used to generate a number of channels greater than 2.
  • a heat exchanger made up from tubes of this type is capable of operating with three different fluids, one flowing over the fins, another flowing in the channel 103 A and the third flowing in the other channel 103 B.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment of a stack of tubes and fins suitable for implementing the method according to the invention.
  • the tubes 203 are again tubes of transversely elongate cross section having plane and parallel opposed faces. However, their internal volume is divided into a plurality of parallel longitudinal channels 203 A separated by mutually parallel plane walls 23 , which here are vertical. The hydraulic diameter of these channels is typically between 100 ⁇ m and 10 mm.
  • the walls 23 can be made as a single entity with the external walls of the tube 203 , for example by extrusion, or else they may consist of inserts, preferably brazed inserts. These inserts may be very similar to the fins 17 .
  • each layer of tubes consists of two adjacent parallel tubes lying in the same plane.
  • part of the exchange area lies inside the tubes 203 .
  • a wall 204 surrounds the tubes 203 and the fins 17 so as to seal the exchanger from its environment.
  • This wall may be brazed to the tubes 203 or simply enclosed around the tubes 203 .
  • the fluid to be vaporized that flows over the fins 17 flows parallel to the fluids to be condensed that flow in the tubes 203 .
  • the fluids to be condensed on the one hand and the fluid to be vaporized on the other will flow in opposite directions.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show schematically part of the installation according to the invention, which comprises, inside a shell 31 of cylindrical general shape, a series of exchangers 301 a - 301 n of the same type, similar to that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 .
  • orthogonal reference frame X 0 , Y 0 , Z 0 shown is defined as follows:
  • the exchangers 301 a - 301 n are all parallel to one another and centered with respect to a diametral plane of the cylindrical shell 31 , as may be seen in FIG. 6 .
  • the length of each exchanger 301 a - n is adjusted to the length, along the X 0 axis, of the vertical cross section of the shell 31 on the Y 0 axis.
  • the length along the X 0 axis of the exchangers 301 a - 301 n increases toward the central axis Z 0 of the cylindrical shell 31 .
  • the orientation of the exchangers 301 a - n is such that the distribution columns 305 a - n extend horizontally from the upper side of the shell 31 , whereas the collecting columms 307 a - n extend from the lower side of the shell 31 , again horizontally.
  • the stacks of tubes 303 extend between the columns 305 a - n, 307 a - n, along the vertical axis Z.
  • a gas header 41 designed for supplying the group of exchangers 301 a - n with gas.
  • the installation shown also includes a liquid header 43 placed beneath the collecting columns 307 a - n and designed to collect the liquid phase coming from the group of exchangers 301 a - n.
  • the fins stop before the columns 307 a - n and 305 a - n so as to allow the fluid to enter and leave.
  • the external wall shown in FIG. 5 ( 204 ) stops substantially at the same levels as the fins, again to allow the fluids to enter and leave.
  • the vaporization/condensation method that has been described above and the installation described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7 applies to the vaporization of at least one liquid derived from air or a liquid which is liquefied air, and to the condensation of at least one gas derived from air, this gas possibly also being air itself.
  • the method and the installation also apply to the vaporization of at least one liquid having methane and/or carbon monoxide and/or hydrogen as principal component and to the condensation of at least one gas having methane and/or carbon monoxide and/or hydrogen as principal component.
  • Such a method may apply to many types of installations for separating mixtures of fluids, operating by cryogenic distillation, in at least one column having one or more heat exchangers such as those described above.
  • the installation may in particular be:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US12/089,092 2005-10-06 2006-09-29 Method for evaporation and/or condensation in a heat exchanger Abandoned US20090211733A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0553028 2005-10-06
FR0553028A FR2891901B1 (fr) 2005-10-06 2005-10-06 Procede de vaporisation et/ou de condensation dans un echangeur de chaleur
PCT/FR2006/050962 WO2007042698A1 (fr) 2005-10-06 2006-09-29 Procede de vaporisation et/ou de condensation dans un echangeur de chaleur

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US20090211733A1 true US20090211733A1 (en) 2009-08-27

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US20120272677A1 (en) * 2009-03-17 2012-11-01 Masayuki Furumaki Drainage structure of corrugated fin-type heat exchanger
US20140196606A1 (en) * 2013-01-11 2014-07-17 Norm Pacific Automation Corp. Desiccant wheel dehumidifier and heat exchanger thereof
US20160238262A1 (en) * 2013-09-30 2016-08-18 Arcelik Anonim Sirketi Forced convection heat exchanger for a refrigeration appliance
US9452386B1 (en) 2015-03-04 2016-09-27 L'Air Liquide Socieété Anonyme Pour L'Étude Et L'Exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Hybrid membrane and adsorption-based system and process for recovering CO2 from flue gas and using combustion air for adsorbent regeneration
US9452385B1 (en) 2015-03-04 2016-09-27 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Hybrid membrane and adsorption-based system and process for recovering CO2 from flue gas and using combustion air for adsorbent regeneration
US10415889B2 (en) * 2014-04-09 2019-09-17 Kobe Steel, Ltd. Gas cooler having an insertable cooling portion
US11448473B2 (en) * 2019-04-23 2022-09-20 Abb Schweiz Ag Heat exchanging arrangement and subsea electronic system

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TWI727533B (zh) * 2019-12-04 2021-05-11 財團法人工業技術研究院 熱交換器
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US20120272677A1 (en) * 2009-03-17 2012-11-01 Masayuki Furumaki Drainage structure of corrugated fin-type heat exchanger
US9328975B2 (en) * 2009-03-17 2016-05-03 Nippon Light Metal Company, Ltd. Drainage structure of corrugated fin-type heat exchanger
CN103471452A (zh) * 2009-03-17 2013-12-25 日本轻金属株式会社 波纹片式热交换器的排水结构
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EP3395428A2 (en) 2009-12-15 2018-10-31 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method of obtaining carbon dioxide from a carbon dioxide-containing gas mixture
WO2011084508A2 (en) 2009-12-15 2011-07-14 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method of obtaining carbon dioxide from a carbon dioxide-containing gas mixture
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US8956447B2 (en) * 2013-01-11 2015-02-17 Norm Pacific Automation Corp. Desiccant wheel dehumidifier and heat exchanger thereof
US20140196606A1 (en) * 2013-01-11 2014-07-17 Norm Pacific Automation Corp. Desiccant wheel dehumidifier and heat exchanger thereof
US20160238262A1 (en) * 2013-09-30 2016-08-18 Arcelik Anonim Sirketi Forced convection heat exchanger for a refrigeration appliance
US9915437B2 (en) * 2013-09-30 2018-03-13 Arcelik Anonim Sirketi Forced convection heat exchanger for a refrigeration appliance
US10415889B2 (en) * 2014-04-09 2019-09-17 Kobe Steel, Ltd. Gas cooler having an insertable cooling portion
US9452386B1 (en) 2015-03-04 2016-09-27 L'Air Liquide Socieété Anonyme Pour L'Étude Et L'Exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Hybrid membrane and adsorption-based system and process for recovering CO2 from flue gas and using combustion air for adsorbent regeneration
US9452385B1 (en) 2015-03-04 2016-09-27 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Hybrid membrane and adsorption-based system and process for recovering CO2 from flue gas and using combustion air for adsorbent regeneration
US11448473B2 (en) * 2019-04-23 2022-09-20 Abb Schweiz Ag Heat exchanging arrangement and subsea electronic system

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EP1931929A1 (fr) 2008-06-18
WO2007042698A1 (fr) 2007-04-19
CN100587382C (zh) 2010-02-03
FR2891901A1 (fr) 2007-04-13
FR2891901B1 (fr) 2014-03-14
CN101278166A (zh) 2008-10-01
JP2009511849A (ja) 2009-03-19

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