US20090139092A1 - Method and manufacturing of ball bearing rings - Google Patents
Method and manufacturing of ball bearing rings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20090139092A1 US20090139092A1 US12/323,745 US32374508A US2009139092A1 US 20090139092 A1 US20090139092 A1 US 20090139092A1 US 32374508 A US32374508 A US 32374508A US 2009139092 A1 US2009139092 A1 US 2009139092A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- blanks
- rolling
- rolled
- ball bearing
- rings
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
- B21H1/06—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length
- B21H1/12—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length rings for ball or roller bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
- F16C33/64—Special methods of manufacture
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
- Y10T29/49643—Rotary bearing
- Y10T29/49679—Anti-friction bearing or component thereof
- Y10T29/49691—Cage making
Definitions
- This invention concerns the method of manufacturing of ball bearing's rings by roll-out of the blanks from bearing's steel using a rolling-out machine
- Ball bearing's rings are usually manufactured by hot rolling-out at the forging temperature or by cold rolling-out.
- the starting material blanks are forged either by hammer forging or by die forging.
- the forges which manufacture ball bearing's rings are usually equipped with roll-out machines of various types of different suppliers.
- the rolling-out of blanks is done at the forging temperatures above 850° C., for bearing steel typically between 1050° C.-850° C.
- Disadvantages of this technology are big material allowances and tolerances which have to balance the manufacturing inaccuracies, shrinkage, decarburization, surface defects arising not only by rolling-out but also by forging.
- There is higher energy consumption because the furnaces are set at 1100° C. and due to high temperature there is heat-stressing of the tools and the machine, there is lower accuracy in shapes and dimensions, less efficient use of materials, and in many cases a less appropriate orientation of material fibers, which are disrupted by the subsequent machining.
- Cold rolling-out at temperatures below 400° C. is relatively new technology where the material is shaped, respectively rolled-out, either at the temperature of the surroundings, or at slightly elevated temperatures.
- the rolling-out is made using a special rolling-out machine. As the blank there is a lathe-turned ring of an appropriate shape.
- Cold rolling-out therefore enables the lower materials allowance, the higher dimensional accuracy, and more efficient use of material.
- the rolled-out shape is precise and corresponds approximately to the shape of the completely finished ring, so the orientation of fibers is very good considering the subsequent strains in the bearing ring.
- the material is strengthened.
- the material has to have a uniform structure appropriate for cold rolling-out.
- the material has to be soft annealed with some arrest at the annealing temperature.
- Cold rolling-out also includes greater strains on the machine due to necessity of higher forming power and higher forming work. This means greater demands on the quality of the tools, which have to endure higher stresses.
- There is a non-uniform deformation strain in the material which results in dimension deformations and ovality of the ring after tempering.
- the aim of the invention is to eliminate the above mentioned disadvantages and to achieve lover forming work, lower energy consumption, better exploitation of the material, lower weight of the blanks, longer tool life, and lower material allowances and tolerances and eventually to enable rolling-out of rings of greater dimensions.
- the blank is heated at the temperature between 700° C. and 720° C. before being rolled-out.
- the rolled-out blanks are blanks from hammer forging or die forging or the rolled-out blanks are lathe-turned blanks or the rolled-out blanks are rings divided from thick-walled (greater than approximately 8 millimeters) tubes.
- the advantage of this solution is lower energy costs in a comparison to forged rolling-out, less forming work in a comparison with cold rolling-out, better exploitation of material, lower weight of the blanks in a comparison to the heat rolling-out, longer tool life, and lesser material allowances and lower tolerances in a comparison with forged rolling-out.
- Forge scale formation and decarburization is minimal and they have a negligible effect on turning allowances.
- This solution also enables to manufacture rings of greater dimensions in a comparison wit cold rolling-out.
- the invention concerns the technology of manufacturing of ball bearing's rings by use of “semi-hot” rolling-out of the blanks.
- the proposed technology effectively utilizes the advantages of both of the above described technologies from state of the art while eliminating their disadvantages.
- the principle is that the rolling-out takes place at temperatures between 600 to 800° C.
- Advantageous temperature is in the range of 700-720° C.
- the turned ring is then placed in an induction heater where it is heated up to the required temperature, e.g. of 720° C.
- the unloading from the heater is monitored by a thermometer which controls temperature maintenance so that only a blank with the proper temperature is put into the rolling-out machine.
- the transfer between the heater and the roll-out machine is proceeded by a robot.
- the rolling-out process is programmable and is computer controlled and stored in its memory. This guarantees the repeatability and accurate reproduction of the profile.
- the ring is taken out of the machine and placed on a cooling-after conveyor which enable uniform and controlled cooling to the temperature of about 300° C.
- the advantage of this solution is lower energy costs in a comparison to forged rolling-out, less forming work in a comparison with cold rolling-out, better exploitation of material, lower weight of the blanks in a comparison to the heat rolling-out, longer tool life, and lesser material allowances and lower tolerances in a comparison with forged rolling-out.
- Forge scale formation and decarburization is minimal and they have a negligible effect on turning allowances.
- This solution also enables to manufacture rings of greater dimensions in a comparison with cold rolling-out.
- the optimal temperature for implementing the methods outlined in the invention is between 700-720° C., where the material's deformational resistance is half of the value in a comparison with cold material and there is improved plasticity of the material.
Abstract
Method of manufacturing of ball bearing's rings by rolling-out of the blanks from bearing's steel using a roll-out machine where the blank is heated at the temperature between 600° C. and 800° C. advantageously between 700° C. and 720° C. before being rolled-out.
Description
- This invention concerns the method of manufacturing of ball bearing's rings by roll-out of the blanks from bearing's steel using a rolling-out machine
- Ball bearing's rings are usually manufactured by hot rolling-out at the forging temperature or by cold rolling-out.
- By hot rolling-out the starting material blanks are forged either by hammer forging or by die forging. The forges which manufacture ball bearing's rings are usually equipped with roll-out machines of various types of different suppliers. The rolling-out of blanks is done at the forging temperatures above 850° C., for bearing steel typically between 1050° C.-850° C.
- Disadvantages of this technology are big material allowances and tolerances which have to balance the manufacturing inaccuracies, shrinkage, decarburization, surface defects arising not only by rolling-out but also by forging. There is higher energy consumption because the furnaces are set at 1100° C. and due to high temperature there is heat-stressing of the tools and the machine, there is lower accuracy in shapes and dimensions, less efficient use of materials, and in many cases a less appropriate orientation of material fibers, which are disrupted by the subsequent machining.
- Cold rolling-out at temperatures below 400° C. is relatively new technology where the material is shaped, respectively rolled-out, either at the temperature of the surroundings, or at slightly elevated temperatures. The rolling-out is made using a special rolling-out machine. As the blank there is a lathe-turned ring of an appropriate shape.
- Cold rolling-out therefore enables the lower materials allowance, the higher dimensional accuracy, and more efficient use of material. The rolled-out shape is precise and corresponds approximately to the shape of the completely finished ring, so the orientation of fibers is very good considering the subsequent strains in the bearing ring. By the cold rolling-out process the material is strengthened.
- But there is a disadvantage because the material has to have a uniform structure appropriate for cold rolling-out. The material has to be soft annealed with some arrest at the annealing temperature. Cold rolling-out also includes greater strains on the machine due to necessity of higher forming power and higher forming work. This means greater demands on the quality of the tools, which have to endure higher stresses. There is a non-uniform deformation strain in the material which results in dimension deformations and ovality of the ring after tempering.
- The aim of the invention is to eliminate the above mentioned disadvantages and to achieve lover forming work, lower energy consumption, better exploitation of the material, lower weight of the blanks, longer tool life, and lower material allowances and tolerances and eventually to enable rolling-out of rings of greater dimensions.
- The above mentioned disadvantages are considerably eliminated by the use of the method of manufacturing of ball bearing's rings by rolling-out of the blanks from bearing's steel using a roll-out machine according to the invention, where the blank is heated at the temperature between 600° C. and 800° C. before being rolled-out.
- In a preferred embodiment the blank is heated at the temperature between 700° C. and 720° C. before being rolled-out.
- In another preferred embodiment the rolled-out blanks are blanks from hammer forging or die forging or the rolled-out blanks are lathe-turned blanks or the rolled-out blanks are rings divided from thick-walled (greater than approximately 8 millimeters) tubes.
- The advantage of this solution is lower energy costs in a comparison to forged rolling-out, less forming work in a comparison with cold rolling-out, better exploitation of material, lower weight of the blanks in a comparison to the heat rolling-out, longer tool life, and lesser material allowances and lower tolerances in a comparison with forged rolling-out. Forge scale formation and decarburization is minimal and they have a negligible effect on turning allowances. This solution also enables to manufacture rings of greater dimensions in a comparison wit cold rolling-out.
- The invention concerns the technology of manufacturing of ball bearing's rings by use of “semi-hot” rolling-out of the blanks. The proposed technology effectively utilizes the advantages of both of the above described technologies from state of the art while eliminating their disadvantages.
- The principle is that the rolling-out takes place at temperatures between 600 to 800° C. Advantageous temperature is in the range of 700-720° C. As the starting material for the blanks of thick-walled tubes or die forged blanks are used. These blanks are lethe-turned to the necessary shape and volume. The turned ring is then placed in an induction heater where it is heated up to the required temperature, e.g. of 720° C. The unloading from the heater is monitored by a thermometer which controls temperature maintenance so that only a blank with the proper temperature is put into the rolling-out machine.
- The transfer between the heater and the roll-out machine is proceeded by a robot. The rolling-out process is programmable and is computer controlled and stored in its memory. This guarantees the repeatability and accurate reproduction of the profile. After rolling-out, the ring is taken out of the machine and placed on a cooling-after conveyor which enable uniform and controlled cooling to the temperature of about 300° C.
- The advantage of this solution is lower energy costs in a comparison to forged rolling-out, less forming work in a comparison with cold rolling-out, better exploitation of material, lower weight of the blanks in a comparison to the heat rolling-out, longer tool life, and lesser material allowances and lower tolerances in a comparison with forged rolling-out. Forge scale formation and decarburization is minimal and they have a negligible effect on turning allowances. This solution also enables to manufacture rings of greater dimensions in a comparison with cold rolling-out.
- This proposed new technology of rolling-out of blanks using “semi-hot” conditions utilizes the technological advantages of both technologies known from the state of the art while eliminating their disadvantages. The optimal temperature for implementing the methods outlined in the invention is between 700-720° C., where the material's deformational resistance is half of the value in a comparison with cold material and there is improved plasticity of the material.
Claims (8)
1. A method of manufacturing ball bearing rings comprising the step of:
rolling-out a blank from bearing steel using a roll-out machine;
wherein the blank is heated at the temperature between 600° C. and 800° C. before being rolled-out.
2. The method according to the claim 1 , wherein the blank is heated at the temperature between 700° C. and 720° C. before being rolled-out.
3. The method according to the claim 1 , wherein the rolled-out blanks are blanks from hammer forging or die forging.
4. The method according to the claim 1 , wherein the rolled-out blanks are lathe-turned blanks.
5. The method according to the claim 1 , wherein the rolled-out blanks are rings divided from thick-walled tubes.
6. The method according to the claim 2 , wherein the rolled-out blanks are blanks from hammer forging or die forging.
7. The method according to the claim 2 , wherein the rolled-out blanks are lathe-turned blanks.
8. The method according to the claim 2 , wherein the rolled-out blanks are rings divided from thick-walled tubes.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CZ20070845A CZ2007845A3 (en) | 2007-11-30 | 2007-11-30 | Process for producing bearing rings by flaring intermediate products from bearing steel with pipe-expanding machine |
CZCZ2007-845 | 2007-11-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20090139092A1 true US20090139092A1 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
Family
ID=40592036
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/323,745 Abandoned US20090139092A1 (en) | 2007-11-30 | 2008-11-26 | Method and manufacturing of ball bearing rings |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090139092A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101446316A (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0822310A2 (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ2007845A3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009067961A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107414425A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-12-01 | 常州市双强机械制造有限公司 | Wind-powered electricity generation gear ring bearing seamless ring technique |
CN114054665A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-02-18 | 中国航发哈尔滨轴承有限公司 | BG801 steel ball forging method |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
MX2014004970A (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2014-05-30 | Mauser Werke Oberndorf Maschb | Method and device for inserting a bearing bush. |
CN109681532B (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2020-10-02 | 广州大学 | Composite machining method for inner ring of roller bearing |
DE102020202406B3 (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2021-05-12 | Sms Group Gmbh | Ring rolling mill with device for ring manipulation |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1452535A (en) * | 1919-06-23 | 1923-04-24 | Chicago Mfg And Distributing C | Manufacture of bearing rings |
US1854897A (en) * | 1929-12-26 | 1932-04-19 | Joseph A Ganster | Method of making bearing rings |
US2376779A (en) * | 1942-09-30 | 1945-05-22 | Elizabeth B Dickson | Process for making antifriction bearings |
US2893114A (en) * | 1953-12-04 | 1959-07-07 | Roy A Halversen | Hot working of metals |
US3046653A (en) * | 1958-05-14 | 1962-07-31 | Zd Y Presneho Strojirenstvi Li | Forging of rings and similar parts |
US3557587A (en) * | 1965-10-23 | 1971-01-26 | Federal Mogul Corp | Forging method |
US4393563A (en) * | 1981-05-26 | 1983-07-19 | Smith David T | Cold forced sintered powder metal annular bearing ring blanks |
US5894752A (en) * | 1996-09-19 | 1999-04-20 | Sanyo Special Steel Co., Ltd. | Method and system for warm or hot high-velocity die forging |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1069592A (en) * | 1952-01-18 | 1954-07-09 | Kugelfischer G Schaefer & Co | Process for manufacturing raceway rings for rolling mill bearings |
JP3285927B2 (en) * | 1992-05-25 | 2002-05-27 | エヌティエヌ株式会社 | Manufacturing method of split bearing ring |
DE10219441C1 (en) * | 2002-04-25 | 2003-09-18 | Univ Dresden Tech | Machine tool for the production of inner/outer roller bearing and gear rings ready for grinding, from tubular or solid workpieces, uses a combination of lathe turning and profile roller shaping in series and/or in parallel |
SE525426C2 (en) * | 2002-05-02 | 2005-02-15 | Skf Ab | Method of making rings and apparatus for carrying out the method. |
-
2007
- 2007-11-30 CZ CZ20070845A patent/CZ2007845A3/en unknown
-
2008
- 2008-11-26 WO PCT/CZ2008/000141 patent/WO2009067961A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-11-26 US US12/323,745 patent/US20090139092A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-11-27 CN CNA2008101774165A patent/CN101446316A/en active Pending
- 2008-12-01 BR BRPI0822310-6A patent/BRPI0822310A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1452535A (en) * | 1919-06-23 | 1923-04-24 | Chicago Mfg And Distributing C | Manufacture of bearing rings |
US1854897A (en) * | 1929-12-26 | 1932-04-19 | Joseph A Ganster | Method of making bearing rings |
US2376779A (en) * | 1942-09-30 | 1945-05-22 | Elizabeth B Dickson | Process for making antifriction bearings |
US2893114A (en) * | 1953-12-04 | 1959-07-07 | Roy A Halversen | Hot working of metals |
US3046653A (en) * | 1958-05-14 | 1962-07-31 | Zd Y Presneho Strojirenstvi Li | Forging of rings and similar parts |
US3557587A (en) * | 1965-10-23 | 1971-01-26 | Federal Mogul Corp | Forging method |
US4393563A (en) * | 1981-05-26 | 1983-07-19 | Smith David T | Cold forced sintered powder metal annular bearing ring blanks |
US5894752A (en) * | 1996-09-19 | 1999-04-20 | Sanyo Special Steel Co., Ltd. | Method and system for warm or hot high-velocity die forging |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107414425A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-12-01 | 常州市双强机械制造有限公司 | Wind-powered electricity generation gear ring bearing seamless ring technique |
CN114054665A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-02-18 | 中国航发哈尔滨轴承有限公司 | BG801 steel ball forging method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2009067961A1 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
BRPI0822310A2 (en) | 2013-12-10 |
CN101446316A (en) | 2009-06-03 |
CZ2007845A3 (en) | 2009-06-10 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: ZKL BRNO A.S., CZECH REPUBLIC Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:KARHANEK, JAROSLAV;OTOUPALIK, JAN;REEL/FRAME:022112/0675 Effective date: 20081206 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |