US20090095431A1 - Paper-Sizing Emulsion, Process for Preparing It and Use Thereof - Google Patents
Paper-Sizing Emulsion, Process for Preparing It and Use Thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20090095431A1 US20090095431A1 US12/158,887 US15888706A US2009095431A1 US 20090095431 A1 US20090095431 A1 US 20090095431A1 US 15888706 A US15888706 A US 15888706A US 2009095431 A1 US2009095431 A1 US 2009095431A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- paper
- sizing
- fact
- fatty acid
- sizing emulsion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
- D21H17/14—Carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof
- D21H17/15—Polycarboxylic acids, e.g. maleic acid
- D21H17/16—Addition products thereof with hydrocarbons
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/02—Material of vegetable origin
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/16—Sizing or water-repelling agents
Definitions
- the present invention relates to new aqueous emulsions for paper sizing, using fatty acid anhydrides (FAA).
- FAA fatty acid anhydrides
- Patent DE 1 213 221 describes the preparation of dispersions of fatty acid anhydrides for paper sizing.
- the fatty acid anhydrides are then emulsified above their melting point in cationic starch in the presence of anionic agents.
- the method suppresses formation of anhydride aggregates, which could lead to precipitation in the dispersion.
- Stearic anhydride is mentioned as example, which is present as solid particles at room temperature, and therefore less exposed to hydrolysis. Nevertheless, rapid hydrolysis must be taken into account due to the high reactivity of anhydrides.
- U.S. Pat. No. 3,409,500 describes a method for sizing with fatty acid anhydrides, together with a water-soluble cellulose-substantive cationic polyamine.
- anhydride used consists of a solid-in-liquid dispersion, which is formed by rapid cooling of an emulsion.
- Stearic anhydride is mentioned as fatty acid anhydride.
- Storage stability is only conditionally present in this production method as well. This limitation is also decisive, in that fatty acid anhydrides, in addition to the more stable, but also less reactive alkyl ketene dimers (AKD), are not claimed in the application as sizing agents.
- ASA Alkenylsuccinic anhydrides
- liquid fatty acid anhydrides produces very effective sizing systems. Because of the liquid state of aggregation, the FAA can be emulsified right before use on the paper machine. Contact time with the aqueous system can thereby be minimized and undesired hydrolysis suppressed.
- the FAA can be added directly to the aqueous phase and emulsified via an appropriate homogenizer, as used in the ASA metering systems. Emulsifiers can be used, but are not absolutely necessary. An aqueous phase containing starch during emulsion formation has a positive effect on cellulose substantivity.
- liquid fatty acid anhydrides anhydrides of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids or their mixtures with chain lengths of C 12 -C 24 ; mixed anhydrides from these fatty acids or fatty acid mixtures and acetic acid; anhydrides produced from mixtures of the mentioned fatty acids and resin acids.
- the invention is not restricted to the origin of the employed fatty acids.
- Possible raw material sources are: tall oil fatty acids, plant fatty acids from sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, linseed oil, animal oil.
- Resin acids may consist, for example, of balsam resin, tall resin, wood rosin or mixtures thereof.
- the invention is also not restricted to a specific preparation of the fatty acid anhydrides.
- a simple and known method is conversion of fatty acids with acetic anhydride with subsequent elimination of acetic acid.
- the acetic acid can be worked up again into anhydride and circulated.
- Liquid FAA can be used together with another sizing system. Because of the liquid form, the FAA is miscible in any ratio with ASA. A synergistic effect can be observed in the sizing effect by the use of combinations of ASA and FAA. Adjustment of the desired end product properties can therefore be produced via a mixing ratio.
- Aluminum salts have an unexpectedly positive effect on the sizing effect of FAA. These include, inter alia, aluminum sulfates or polyaluminum chloride (PAC).
- PAC polyaluminum chloride
- FAA are compatible with calcium-loaded water systems. At the usual pH values in paper-making, no buildup of deposits of a tacky consistency occurs, as is known of ASA under certain circumstances.
- the sizing system of the invention is based on raw materials that are present in the original paper raw material, the wood.
- the sizing agent therefore once again assumes this task in modified form, a task is inherent to it for achieving the original plant properties.
- tall oil fatty acid and acetic anhydride are added in equimolar amounts to the reactor and converted at 120° C. After 5 hours, the formed acetic acid is withdrawn under vacuum, in which a temperature of 150° C. is not exceeded. Yield of fatty acid anhydride: 91.6%.
- the employed pulp was a bleached kraft pulp with a 70% long fiber and 30% short fiber percentage, ground to a Schopper-Riegler angle of 30°.
- Aluminum sulfate was added as fixing agent.
- the optimal amount of aluminum sulfate was determined beforehand by recording a concentration curve for each sizing agent. In the experiments with the filler calcium carbonate, 20% of it was used, with reference to dry paper.
- the Cobb 60 value describes water absorption in g/m 2 in 60 seconds.
- Size 1 Anhydride from 100% tall oil fatty acid
- Size 2 Anhydride from 50% tall oil fatty acid and 50% tall oil resin
- Size 3 Usual cationic resin dispersion for paper sizing
- Size 4 Solid anhydride from tall oil resin according to U.S. Pat. No. 3,582,464.
- the active content of the sizing agent is stated with the amount of size.
- the amounts relate to t of dry paper.
- Size 2 prepared from tall oil fatty acid and tall oil resin, was mixed with C18-ASA in different concentrations and tested for sizing effect, as described in example 2.
- Anhydride sizes prepared from mixtures of tall oil fatty acid and tall oil resin, were mixed with C18-ASA 1:1 and tested for sizing effect as described in example 2.
- the aluminum sulfate amounts were optimized here too relative to the sizing agent.
- the contents pertain to anhydride size compositions.
- Size 2 was used with different aluminum salts, as in example 2.
- Size Amount of size Al salt Amount Al salt Cobb 60 1 0.9 kg/t — — 47 1 0.9 kg/t Al sulfate 0.07% 30 1 0.9 kg/t PAC 0.07% 29 1 1.2 kg/t — — 30 2 0.7 kg/t — — 54 2 0.7 kg/t Al sulfate 0.07% 29 2 0.7 kg/t PAC 0.08% 29 2 1.2 kg/t — — 30
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to new aqueous emulsions for paper sizing, using fatty acid anhydrides (FAA).
- The use of fatty acid anhydrides as sizing agents for paper has long been known, cf. U.S. Pat. No. 1,996,707. Thus, Patent DE 1 213 221 describes the preparation of dispersions of fatty acid anhydrides for paper sizing. The fatty acid anhydrides are then emulsified above their melting point in cationic starch in the presence of anionic agents. The method suppresses formation of anhydride aggregates, which could lead to precipitation in the dispersion. Stearic anhydride is mentioned as example, which is present as solid particles at room temperature, and therefore less exposed to hydrolysis. Nevertheless, rapid hydrolysis must be taken into account due to the high reactivity of anhydrides.
- U.S. Pat. No. 3,409,500 describes a method for sizing with fatty acid anhydrides, together with a water-soluble cellulose-substantive cationic polyamine. Here too, the form of anhydride used consists of a solid-in-liquid dispersion, which is formed by rapid cooling of an emulsion. Stearic anhydride is mentioned as fatty acid anhydride. Storage stability is only conditionally present in this production method as well. This limitation is also decisive, in that fatty acid anhydrides, in addition to the more stable, but also less reactive alkyl ketene dimers (AKD), are not claimed in the application as sizing agents.
- The use of resin acid anhydrides as sizing agents is described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,582,464. The dispersions, which, similar to the above described fatty acid anhydride dispersions, are formed as an emulsion at elevated temperatures and stabilized by cooling, also exhibit the drawback of continuing hydrolysis, which restricts the activity of the product.
- Alkenylsuccinic anhydrides (ASA) are also very efficient sizing agents. Their high reactivity prevents transport as a ready-to-use emulsion. However, because of their liquid state of aggregation, ASA can be directly emulsified and used at the machine. This makes the use of a homogenizer necessary on site, but has the advantage that, in addition to high efficiency, the active substance is transported pure and emulsifiers, stabilizers or biosides for protection of dispersions can be eliminated. By hydrolysis and when calcium carbonate is used as filler, deposits can form from ASA, which can interfere with system cleanness by their adhesiveness.
- It has now been found that the use of liquid fatty acid anhydrides (FAA) produces very effective sizing systems. Because of the liquid state of aggregation, the FAA can be emulsified right before use on the paper machine. Contact time with the aqueous system can thereby be minimized and undesired hydrolysis suppressed. The FAA can be added directly to the aqueous phase and emulsified via an appropriate homogenizer, as used in the ASA metering systems. Emulsifiers can be used, but are not absolutely necessary. An aqueous phase containing starch during emulsion formation has a positive effect on cellulose substantivity.
- The following can be used as liquid fatty acid anhydrides: anhydrides of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids or their mixtures with chain lengths of C12-C24; mixed anhydrides from these fatty acids or fatty acid mixtures and acetic acid; anhydrides produced from mixtures of the mentioned fatty acids and resin acids.
- The invention is not restricted to the origin of the employed fatty acids. Possible raw material sources are: tall oil fatty acids, plant fatty acids from sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, linseed oil, animal oil. Resin acids may consist, for example, of balsam resin, tall resin, wood rosin or mixtures thereof.
- The invention is also not restricted to a specific preparation of the fatty acid anhydrides. A simple and known method is conversion of fatty acids with acetic anhydride with subsequent elimination of acetic acid. The acetic acid can be worked up again into anhydride and circulated.
- Liquid FAA can be used together with another sizing system. Because of the liquid form, the FAA is miscible in any ratio with ASA. A synergistic effect can be observed in the sizing effect by the use of combinations of ASA and FAA. Adjustment of the desired end product properties can therefore be produced via a mixing ratio.
- Aluminum salts have an unexpectedly positive effect on the sizing effect of FAA. These include, inter alia, aluminum sulfates or polyaluminum chloride (PAC).
- FAA are compatible with calcium-loaded water systems. At the usual pH values in paper-making, no buildup of deposits of a tacky consistency occurs, as is known of ASA under certain circumstances.
- The sizing system of the invention is based on raw materials that are present in the original paper raw material, the wood. The sizing agent therefore once again assumes this task in modified form, a task is inherent to it for achieving the original plant properties.
- The following examples will further explain the invention.
- In a typical experiment, tall oil fatty acid and acetic anhydride are added in equimolar amounts to the reactor and converted at 120° C. After 5 hours, the formed acetic acid is withdrawn under vacuum, in which a temperature of 150° C. is not exceeded. Yield of fatty acid anhydride: 91.6%.
- To test the size, a laboratory sheet former, the Rapid Köthen System, was used. The employed pulp was a bleached kraft pulp with a 70% long fiber and 30% short fiber percentage, ground to a Schopper-Riegler angle of 30°.
- Aluminum sulfate was added as fixing agent. The optimal amount of aluminum sulfate was determined beforehand by recording a concentration curve for each sizing agent. In the experiments with the filler calcium carbonate, 20% of it was used, with reference to dry paper.
- 1 part anhydride size was added to 99 parts of a 4% cationic starch solution, and the emulsion emulsified with a shear device (Ultraturrax) at 10,000 rpm for one minute. The resulting size emulsions were stable for about 2 hours. Before sizing, it was diluted with water 1:10.
- As a comparison, a traditional cationic resin size dispersion based on tall oil resin acid was used. Addition to the paper stock occurred as dilute commercial product.
- The Cobb 60 value describes water absorption in g/m2 in 60 seconds.
- Size 1: Anhydride from 100% tall oil fatty acid
Size 2: Anhydride from 50% tall oil fatty acid and 50% tall oil resin
Size 3: Usual cationic resin dispersion for paper sizing
Size 4: Solid anhydride from tall oil resin according to U.S. Pat. No. 3,582,464. - The active content of the sizing agent is stated with the amount of size. The amounts relate to t of dry paper.
-
Size Amount of size Al sulfate Chalk Cobb 60 1 0.9 kg/t 1 kg/t no 32 2 0.9 kg/t 1 kg/t no 33 3 1.0 kg/t 2.3 kg/t no 38 1 1.3 kg/t 5.5 kg/t yes 38 2 1.3 kg/t 5.5 kg/t yes 42 3 4.6 kg/t 13.6 kg/t yes 80 3 6.4 kg/t 13.6 kg/t yes 38 - Size 2, prepared from tall oil fatty acid and tall oil resin, was mixed with C18-ASA in different concentrations and tested for sizing effect, as described in example 2.
-
ASA Size 2 Al sulfate Cobb 60 0.7 kg/t 0 3 kg/t 28 0.47 kg/t 0.23 kg/t 3 kg/t 26 0.23 kg/t 0.47 kg/t 3 kg/t 27 0 kg/t 0.7 kg/t 3 kg/t 54 0.35 kg/t 0 kg/t 3 kg/t 91 - A synergistic effect can be observed when mixtures of FAA together with ASA are used.
- Anhydride sizes, prepared from mixtures of tall oil fatty acid and tall oil resin, were mixed with C18-ASA 1:1 and tested for sizing effect as described in example 2. The aluminum sulfate amounts were optimized here too relative to the sizing agent. The contents pertain to anhydride size compositions.
-
Size Percentage of fatty acid Percentage of resin acid Cobb 60 1 100% 0% 32 2 50% 50% 34 4 0% 100%* 83 *Resin acid anhydride as described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,582,464. - Size 2 was used with different aluminum salts, as in example 2.
-
Size Amount of size Al salt Amount Al salt Cobb 60 1 0.9 kg/t — — 47 1 0.9 kg/t Al sulfate 0.07% 30 1 0.9 kg/t PAC 0.07% 29 1 1.2 kg/t — — 30 2 0.7 kg/t — — 54 2 0.7 kg/t Al sulfate 0.07% 29 2 0.7 kg/t PAC 0.08% 29 2 1.2 kg/t — — 30
Claims (12)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0206505A AT503093B1 (en) | 2005-12-23 | 2005-12-23 | Papermaking emulsion, process for its preparation and its use |
ATA2065/2005 | 2005-12-23 | ||
PCT/AT2006/000538 WO2007070912A1 (en) | 2005-12-23 | 2006-12-22 | Paper sizing emulsion, process for preparing it and use thereof |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20090095431A1 true US20090095431A1 (en) | 2009-04-16 |
Family
ID=37735083
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/158,887 Abandoned US20090095431A1 (en) | 2005-12-23 | 2006-12-22 | Paper-Sizing Emulsion, Process for Preparing It and Use Thereof |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090095431A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1966439A1 (en) |
AT (1) | AT503093B1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2418902C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007070912A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110017417A1 (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2011-01-27 | Ehrhardt Susan M | Sizing Composition for Hot Penetrant Resistance |
US20110190423A1 (en) * | 2010-02-04 | 2011-08-04 | Varnell Daniel F | Adhesive Compositions |
AU2014240282B2 (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2016-05-12 | Solenis Technologies Cayman, L.P. | Sizing composition for hot penetrant resistance |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT506695B1 (en) | 2008-11-14 | 2009-11-15 | Kemira Chemie Ges Mbh | COMPOSITION FOR PAPER LUBRICATION |
EP2239369A1 (en) | 2009-04-09 | 2010-10-13 | Kemira OYJ | Product for the sizing of paper |
CN111945464A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-11-17 | 江苏理文化工有限公司 | Production process of high-performance anionic surface sizing agent |
Citations (11)
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US1951593A (en) * | 1930-09-06 | 1934-03-20 | American Cyanamid Co | Long chain esters and compositions thereof |
US1996707A (en) * | 1929-06-08 | 1935-04-02 | Alexander Nathansohn Dr | Manufacture of paper and the like |
US2022004A (en) * | 1933-07-01 | 1935-11-26 | Du Pont | Paper sizing |
US3314907A (en) * | 1963-05-22 | 1967-04-18 | Union Oil Co | Hydrocarbon resin aqueous coating composition |
US3341410A (en) * | 1965-03-16 | 1967-09-12 | Veltman Preston Leonard | Method of promoting epithelialization with topical non-aqueous acid anhydride compositions |
US3445330A (en) * | 1966-04-28 | 1969-05-20 | American Cyanamid Co | Method of sizing paper with carboxylic acid anhydride particles and polyamines |
US3582464A (en) * | 1967-04-10 | 1971-06-01 | Hercules Inc | Aqueous dispersions of rosin anhydride and their use as sizing agents for paper |
US4529447A (en) * | 1982-06-11 | 1985-07-16 | Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Sizing composition |
US4832792A (en) * | 1985-10-03 | 1989-05-23 | Mazzarella Emil D | Storage stable paper size composition containing ethoxylated castor oil |
US6162328A (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 2000-12-19 | Hercules Incorporated | Method for surface sizing paper with cellulose reactive and cellulose non-reactive sizes, and paper prepared thereby |
US6268414B1 (en) * | 1999-04-16 | 2001-07-31 | Hercules Incorporated | Paper sizing composition |
Family Cites Families (10)
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GB804504A (en) * | 1955-06-10 | 1958-11-19 | Hercules Powder Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to sizing paper |
NL278608A (en) * | 1961-05-26 | 1964-11-10 | ||
JP3215190B2 (en) * | 1992-10-21 | 2001-10-02 | 株式会社興人 | Post form decorative paper |
JPH06299499A (en) * | 1993-03-10 | 1994-10-25 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | Neutralized paper |
FI96418C (en) * | 1994-10-07 | 1996-06-25 | Neste Oy | Alkene-substituted cyclic carboxylic anhydrides and their use in hydrophobic sizing of paper |
SE508593C2 (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 1998-10-19 | Stora Kopparbergs Bergslags Ab | Bonding composition and method of use thereof in the manufacture of paper |
FI109218B (en) * | 1998-09-04 | 2002-06-14 | Kemira Chemicals Oy | A bonding compound used for neutral gluing of paper or paperboard and a method of making paper or paperboard |
AU2000243425A1 (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2002-04-29 | Hercules Incorporated | Paper sizing composition |
US6939944B2 (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2005-09-06 | Eastman Chemical Company | Inhibition of rosin crystallization |
FI20040898A0 (en) * | 2004-06-29 | 2004-06-29 | Raisio Chem Oy | Substance used for the production of paper and its manufacture |
-
2005
- 2005-12-23 AT AT0206505A patent/AT503093B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2006
- 2006-12-22 US US12/158,887 patent/US20090095431A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-12-22 WO PCT/AT2006/000538 patent/WO2007070912A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-12-22 EP EP06817498A patent/EP1966439A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-12-22 RU RU2008130525/12A patent/RU2418902C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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US1996707A (en) * | 1929-06-08 | 1935-04-02 | Alexander Nathansohn Dr | Manufacture of paper and the like |
US1951593A (en) * | 1930-09-06 | 1934-03-20 | American Cyanamid Co | Long chain esters and compositions thereof |
US2022004A (en) * | 1933-07-01 | 1935-11-26 | Du Pont | Paper sizing |
US3314907A (en) * | 1963-05-22 | 1967-04-18 | Union Oil Co | Hydrocarbon resin aqueous coating composition |
US3341410A (en) * | 1965-03-16 | 1967-09-12 | Veltman Preston Leonard | Method of promoting epithelialization with topical non-aqueous acid anhydride compositions |
US3445330A (en) * | 1966-04-28 | 1969-05-20 | American Cyanamid Co | Method of sizing paper with carboxylic acid anhydride particles and polyamines |
US3582464A (en) * | 1967-04-10 | 1971-06-01 | Hercules Inc | Aqueous dispersions of rosin anhydride and their use as sizing agents for paper |
US4529447A (en) * | 1982-06-11 | 1985-07-16 | Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Sizing composition |
US4832792A (en) * | 1985-10-03 | 1989-05-23 | Mazzarella Emil D | Storage stable paper size composition containing ethoxylated castor oil |
US6162328A (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 2000-12-19 | Hercules Incorporated | Method for surface sizing paper with cellulose reactive and cellulose non-reactive sizes, and paper prepared thereby |
US6268414B1 (en) * | 1999-04-16 | 2001-07-31 | Hercules Incorporated | Paper sizing composition |
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"Carboxylic Acids", Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology Vol. 5, pp 27-78, [online] Wiley Online Library, 2003 [retrieved on 2012-05-04]. Retrieved from the Internet:. * |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110017417A1 (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2011-01-27 | Ehrhardt Susan M | Sizing Composition for Hot Penetrant Resistance |
US20120282477A1 (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2012-11-08 | Ehrhardt Susan M | Aseptic packaging |
AU2014240282B2 (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2016-05-12 | Solenis Technologies Cayman, L.P. | Sizing composition for hot penetrant resistance |
TWI550160B (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2016-09-21 | 英屬開曼群島索理思科技開曼公司 | Sizing composition for hot penetrant resistance |
US20110190423A1 (en) * | 2010-02-04 | 2011-08-04 | Varnell Daniel F | Adhesive Compositions |
US8399544B2 (en) | 2010-02-04 | 2013-03-19 | Hercules Incorporated | Adhesive compositions |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2008130525A (en) | 2010-01-27 |
AT503093B1 (en) | 2008-02-15 |
EP1966439A1 (en) | 2008-09-10 |
RU2418902C2 (en) | 2011-05-20 |
WO2007070912A1 (en) | 2007-06-28 |
AT503093A1 (en) | 2007-07-15 |
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Legal Events
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: KEMIRA CHEMIE GES.MBH, AUSTRIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:FALLMANN, JOHANNES;SYCHRA, MARCEL;SCHMID, LEO;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:021578/0646 Effective date: 20080902 |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: KEMIRA CHEMIE GES. MBH, AUSTRIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:FALLMANN, JOHANNES;SYCHRA, MARCEL;SCHMID, LEO;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:021636/0106 Effective date: 20080902 |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: KEMIRA CHEMIE GES. MBH, AUSTRIA Free format text: CORRECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT THE ASSIGNEE'S CITY/STATE, COUNTRY WHICH WAS ORIGINALLY MISSPELLED. ASSIGNEE'S ADDRESS SHOULD READ "KREMS/DONAU, AUSTRIA 3500" PREVIOUSLY RECORDED ON REEL 021578 FRAME 0646;ASSIGNORS:FALLMANN, JOHANNES;SYCHRA, MARCEL;SCHMID, LEO;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:021636/0147 Effective date: 20080902 |
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STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |