US20080220086A1 - Injectable Composite Material Suitable for Use as a Bone Substitute - Google Patents
Injectable Composite Material Suitable for Use as a Bone Substitute Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20080220086A1 US20080220086A1 US11/997,211 US99721106A US2008220086A1 US 20080220086 A1 US20080220086 A1 US 20080220086A1 US 99721106 A US99721106 A US 99721106A US 2008220086 A1 US2008220086 A1 US 2008220086A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- composite material
- polyvinyl alcohol
- material according
- injectable composite
- bone
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000000316 bone substitute Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229940078499 tricalcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910000391 tricalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000019731 tricalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012867 bioactive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003102 growth factor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004113 cell culture Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 7
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013060 biological fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000001054 cortical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000017234 Bone cyst Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012829 orthopaedic surgery Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 phosphorus ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-DNGZLQJQSA-N (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-Acetamido-2-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-2,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@H]1[C@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O3)C(O)=O)O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)NC(C)=O)[C@@H](C(O)=O)O1 KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-DNGZLQJQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001287 Chondroitin sulfate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000015728 Mucins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010063954 Mucins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000001132 Osteoporosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010039491 Sarcoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052586 apatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010003246 arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002449 bone cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002639 bone cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003054 hormonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002674 hyaluronan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960003160 hyaluronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002163 immunogen Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017074 necrotic cell death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000008482 osteoarthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000004872 soft tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000028528 solitary bone cyst Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001173 tumoral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/02—Inorganic materials
- A61L27/12—Phosphorus-containing materials, e.g. apatite
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/40—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material
- A61L27/42—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having an inorganic matrix
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/40—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material
- A61L27/44—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix
- A61L27/46—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix with phosphorus-containing inorganic fillers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L27/52—Hydrogels or hydrocolloids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
- A61P19/08—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/28—Bones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools for implanting artificial joints
- A61F2/4601—Special tools for implanting artificial joints for introducing bone substitute, for implanting bone graft implants or for compacting them in the bone cavity
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/28—Bones
- A61F2002/2817—Bone stimulation by chemical reactions or by osteogenic or biological products for enhancing ossification, e.g. by bone morphogenetic or morphogenic proteins [BMP] or by transforming growth factors [TGF]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30667—Features concerning an interaction with the environment or a particular use of the prosthesis
- A61F2002/30677—Means for introducing or releasing pharmaceutical products, e.g. antibiotics, into the body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00179—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures
- A61F2310/00293—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures containing a phosphorus-containing compound, e.g. apatite
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2400/00—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties
- A61L2400/06—Flowable or injectable implant compositions
Definitions
- This invention relates to a new injectable composite material suitable for use as a bone substitute.
- the invention relates to an injectable composite material comprising two phases: a ceramic phase and a hydrogel fluid phase.
- biomaterials can be applied to a number of diseases of the skeletal system where it is necessary to replace or supplement bone tissue, from the most common ones, related to age, such as osteoporosis, bone arthrosis, arthritis, to the most serious ones, such as sarcomas and bone cysts.
- Natural bone is a hard tissue of a composite nature, essentially consisting of an organic matrix (collagen fibres) and a ceramic reinforcement (apatite crystals), organised in a complex way to form a highly specialised structure with a targeted anisotropy in its mechanical properties.
- Bone tissue acts primarily as a supporting and protective framework for internal soft tissues and secondly engages in the exchange of valuable elements such as calcium and magnesium, for which bone constitutes the only reserve present in the body, with the blood and other surrounding fluids.
- bone tissue undergoes continuous replacement and remodelling. These processes are regulated by a large and complex set of hormonal substances, some of which are produced by bone cells themselves.
- the mechanical properties of bone are expressed through its elastic modulus and its maximum compression and tensile strengths. As a general rule, it is known that bone has greater compression strength than tensile strength, and that cortical bone has mechanical properties superior to those of trabecular bone.
- the values for elastic modulus reported in the literature vary over a range from 50 MPa to 2 GPa for trabecular bone and from 10 GPa to 22 GPa for cortical bone. Compression strength values are comprised between 1 MPa and 50 MPa for trabecular bone, while for cortical bone they are comprised between 100 MPa and 220 MPa. These values constitute reference values for the mechanical behaviour of bone substitutes. In order to be able to ensure the functional compatibility which is essential for their full incorporation, bone substitutes must in fact have mechanical properties which are as similar as possible to those of the natural bone.
- the need for the use of a bone substitute may arise subsequent to fracture of the bone tissue, in cases where the normal processes of repair and re-growth do not take place in physiological time or do not take place at all, or following surgery for the removal of a tumoral mass or bone cyst, in which case there is a need to fill the cavity produced by surgery.
- Bone substitute must therefore ensure mechanical stability over clinically acceptable periods and have osteo-compatible properties which encourage the laying down of new tissue.
- One of the properties which is fundamental for a bone substitute is the possibility of remaining in contact with the natural tissue for an indefinite period of time without the need for surgical removal.
- PMMA polymethylmethacrylate
- Ceramic materials or cements based on phosphorus and calcium have given rise to appreciable interest in applications involving hard mineralised tissues. These materials are in fact non-toxic and non-immunogenic, in that they are essentially composed of calcium and phosphorus ions, which are the natural constituents of the ceramic phase of bone tissue.
- CPC phosphorus and calcium-based cements
- One of the most useful properties of phosphorus and calcium-based cements (CPC) is the fluid consistency they acquire when they are mixed with an aqueous liquid phase on preparation.
- a further useful property of these cements is their ability to harden in the presence of the water used for preparation.
- tricalcium phosphate is capable of binding directly to bone tissue, thus forming a very strong interface bond between the material and the tissue.
- Tricalcium phosphate like all calcium phosphate-based bone cements (CPBC), is a naturally porous material, but its mechanical behaviour is typical of a brittle material, which is therefore very different from the behaviour of natural bone tissue.
- the paste which is obtained during the preparation of TCP risks disintegration in contact with biological fluids if applied prematurely, while if applied too late it hardens and becomes rather unmanageable.
- the paste is extruded through a syringe it frequently occurs that the two phases separate, and as a consequence most of the liquid phase escapes while the solids remain trapped in the syringe.
- Patent application WO 02/070029 describes a workable mixture which is suitable for use as a bone substitute, comprising porous ⁇ -TCP and a binder selected from conventional emulsifying, suspension, thickening, gelling, binding, disintegrating or stabilising agents.
- a binder selected from conventional emulsifying, suspension, thickening, gelling, binding, disintegrating or stabilising agents.
- binding agents sodium alginate, hyaluronic acid, cellulose and cellulose derivatives, collagen, peptides, mucin, chondroitin sulphate and the like, are specifically mentioned.
- Hydrogels are materials known per se, which have been the subject-matter of particular interest in medical and scientific research during the last decade, in particular in the field of biomedical applications.
- Their typical network structure that is to say a structure of chemically or physically cross-linked polymer chains, in fact makes them capable of absorbing and retaining a substantial quantity of liquid, water or biological fluids without dissolving.
- their appreciable water content has the result that the interfacial tension which arises in contact with biological fluids is very low.
- they have poor mechanical properties, which greatly reduce their possibility of application as such as materials for artificial implants.
- the inventors have found that the combination of a polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel and a tricalcium phosphate (TCP) ceramic phase makes it possible to obtain a composite material having optimum mechanical properties which are surprisingly similar to those of natural bone.
- the composite material obtained is also characterized by improved injectability compared to that of TCP alone.
- the inventors have also found that by varying the concentration of the two phases it is possible to modulate the mechanical and injectability properties of the composite material obtained, based on the specific requirements of the case.
- One aspect of the present invention is therefore an injectable composite material which is particularly suitable for use as a bone substitute, comprising a tricalcium phosphate ceramic phase and a polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel fluid phase.
- the composite material according to the invention advantageously has mechanical properties which are very similar to those of the natural tissue. It is also characterized by improved injectability and consequently greater ease of application in comparison with conventional tricalcium phosphate-based cements.
- the injectable composite material of the invention is prepared as follows.
- An aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is prepared in a predetermined concentration, preferably within the range from 2% to 30% by weight, even more preferably between 10% and 20% by weight. Subsequently, the aqueous PVA solution is mixed with tricalcium phosphate powder, preferably ⁇ -tricalcium phosphate, so as to obtain a pasty material capable of being injected into bone cavities, where it can harden as a result of both the water present in the material and the water present in the surrounding environment.
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- the injectable composite material according to the invention has a polyvinyl alcohol polymer/tricalcium phosphate ratio by weight lying within the range 3/97 to 20/80 (w/w).
- Aqueous solutions were prepared with different concentrations by weight of PVA (10%, 17%, 20%) in order to investigate the mechanical and injectability properties of the composite material according to the invention. These solutions were prepared by mixing the polymer powder with water at a temperature of 100° C. for 20 minutes. After cooling to ambient temperature, the polymer solutions were mixed with ⁇ -TCP powder in order to obtain three different compositions of ⁇ -TCP/PVA by weight (93/7, 88/12, 86/14 w/w).
- the pasty composite material so obtained was injected into Teflon discs having an appropriate geometry and immersed for 4 days in an aqueous solution of NaH 2 PO 4 (2.5% by weight) at 37° C. to promote hardening.
- the 88/12 composite has a value of 0.08 ⁇ 0.01 mm/mm, which is slightly different from the 93/7 composite, whilst the value for the 86/14 composite appreciably increases up to a value of 0.11 ⁇ 0.01 mm/mm.
- the experimental parameter of injectability was used, this being defined as the percentage by weight of the material which can be extruded from a syringe.
- Table 2 shows that, in connection with the practical application of the material, the addition of a PVA hydrogel produces various benefits.
- the first substantial positive effect is that the paste obtained has an optimum consistency for extrusion through a syringe and no further phenomena of separation between the two phases occur, as sometimes happens when ⁇ -TCP is used alone.
- the second important positive aspect is the appreciable length of time at the medical practitioner's disposal (1 hour) for applying the composite material before it hardens. The increase is significant (see Table 2) when compared with ⁇ -TCP alone, for which 91% of the loaded amount remains trapped and can no longer be injected after only 6 minutes.
- the advantage of associating a PVA hydrogel with tricalcium phosphate lies in the fact that the water retained in the hydrogel is slowly and completely released to the ceramic phase, providing for a uniform crystal precipitation and consequently final hardening of the composite even in the absence of an external aqueous solution. It has also been observed that no appreciable increase in the temperature occurs during hardening of the injectable composite material.
- the injectable composite material according to the invention may also contain a bioactive agent (i.e., a substance having biological activity) selected for example from drugs, cells, growth factors and the like, possibly in a form suitable for a controlled kinetics-release during application.
- a bioactive agent i.e., a substance having biological activity
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ITTO2005A000549 | 2005-08-03 | ||
IT000549A ITTO20050549A1 (it) | 2005-08-03 | 2005-08-03 | Materiale composito iniettabile atto ad essere utilizzato come sostituto osseo |
PCT/IB2006/052623 WO2007015208A2 (en) | 2005-08-03 | 2006-08-01 | Injectable composite material suitable for use as a bone substitute |
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PCT/IB2006/052623 A-371-Of-International WO2007015208A2 (en) | 2005-08-03 | 2006-08-01 | Injectable composite material suitable for use as a bone substitute |
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US12/979,818 Continuation US8231909B2 (en) | 2005-08-03 | 2010-12-28 | Injectable composite material suitable for use as a bone substitute |
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US11/997,211 Abandoned US20080220086A1 (en) | 2005-08-03 | 2006-08-01 | Injectable Composite Material Suitable for Use as a Bone Substitute |
US12/979,818 Expired - Fee Related US8231909B2 (en) | 2005-08-03 | 2010-12-28 | Injectable composite material suitable for use as a bone substitute |
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US7235592B2 (en) | 2004-10-12 | 2007-06-26 | Zimmer Gmbh | PVA hydrogel |
US20070098799A1 (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2007-05-03 | Zimmer, Inc. | Mineralized Hydrogels and Methods of Making and Using Hydrogels |
WO2007067697A2 (en) | 2005-12-07 | 2007-06-14 | Zimmer, Inc. | Methods of bonding or modifying hydrogels using irradiation |
US8110242B2 (en) | 2006-03-24 | 2012-02-07 | Zimmer, Inc. | Methods of preparing hydrogel coatings |
US7731988B2 (en) | 2007-08-03 | 2010-06-08 | Zimmer, Inc. | Multi-polymer hydrogels |
US8062739B2 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2011-11-22 | Zimmer, Inc. | Hydrogels with gradient |
US7947784B2 (en) | 2007-11-16 | 2011-05-24 | Zimmer, Inc. | Reactive compounding of hydrogels |
US8034362B2 (en) | 2008-01-04 | 2011-10-11 | Zimmer, Inc. | Chemical composition of hydrogels for use as articulating surfaces |
US20100226956A1 (en) | 2009-03-06 | 2010-09-09 | Per Kjellin | Production of moldable bone substitute |
WO2017015703A1 (en) | 2015-07-24 | 2017-02-02 | The University Of Sydney | Antiseptic polymer and synthesis thereof |
JP2020067494A (ja) * | 2018-10-22 | 2020-04-30 | ウェトラブ株式会社 | 脳神経外科手術用頭部モデル |
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JP3635316B2 (ja) * | 1996-11-25 | 2005-04-06 | 株式会社アドバンス | 球状セラミックス多孔体の製造方法 |
WO2001072262A2 (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2001-10-04 | Schott Glas | New cosmetic, personal care, cleaning agent, and nutritional supplement compositions comprising bioactive glass and methods of making and using the same |
US6949251B2 (en) | 2001-03-02 | 2005-09-27 | Stryker Corporation | Porous β-tricalcium phosphate granules for regeneration of bone tissue |
US20050049715A1 (en) | 2001-10-21 | 2005-03-03 | Atsuo Ito | Porous article of sintered calclium phosphate, process for producing the same and artificial bone and histomorphological scaffold using the same |
PL1675608T3 (pl) * | 2003-09-12 | 2007-11-30 | Wyeth Corp | Stałe fosforanowo wapniowe pałeczki do wstrzyknięć dla dostarczania białek osteogennych |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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RU2407552C2 (ru) | 2010-12-27 |
ES2345399T3 (es) | 2010-09-22 |
EP1924302B1 (en) | 2010-04-28 |
ZA200801928B (en) | 2009-07-29 |
UA92027C2 (ru) | 2010-09-27 |
DK1924302T3 (da) | 2010-07-26 |
WO2007015208A3 (en) | 2007-05-31 |
AU2006274594A1 (en) | 2007-02-08 |
CN101257937A (zh) | 2008-09-03 |
JP5180075B2 (ja) | 2013-04-10 |
WO2007015208A2 (en) | 2007-02-08 |
PT1924302E (pt) | 2010-07-27 |
PL1924302T3 (pl) | 2010-10-29 |
SMP200800013B (it) | 2008-02-27 |
AU2006274594B2 (en) | 2011-12-22 |
ATE465762T1 (de) | 2010-05-15 |
US8231909B2 (en) | 2012-07-31 |
EP1924302A2 (en) | 2008-05-28 |
CN101257937B (zh) | 2013-03-20 |
SMAP200800013A (it) | 2008-02-27 |
US20110091554A1 (en) | 2011-04-21 |
ITTO20050549A1 (it) | 2007-02-04 |
SI1924302T1 (sl) | 2010-09-30 |
KR20080041678A (ko) | 2008-05-13 |
RU2008108014A (ru) | 2009-09-10 |
DE602006014004D1 (de) | 2010-06-10 |
JP2009502405A (ja) | 2009-01-29 |
CA2617721A1 (en) | 2007-02-08 |
NZ566086A (en) | 2011-03-31 |
KR101276632B1 (ko) | 2013-06-18 |
BRPI0615994A2 (pt) | 2011-05-31 |
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