US20070137105A1 - Biomass gasification system and opeating method thereof - Google Patents

Biomass gasification system and opeating method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
US20070137105A1
US20070137105A1 US10/589,779 US58977905A US2007137105A1 US 20070137105 A1 US20070137105 A1 US 20070137105A1 US 58977905 A US58977905 A US 58977905A US 2007137105 A1 US2007137105 A1 US 2007137105A1
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Prior art keywords
slag
gasification furnace
thermal
biomass
gasification
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US10/589,779
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English (en)
Inventor
Masahiro Fukushima
Kenichi Sasauchi
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Chugai Ro Co Ltd
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Chugai Ro Co Ltd
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Assigned to CHUGAI RO CO., LTD. reassignment CHUGAI RO CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FUKUSHIMA, MASAHIRO, SASAUCHI, KENICHI
Publication of US20070137105A1 publication Critical patent/US20070137105A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/06—Continuous processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/34—Grates; Mechanical ash-removing devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/158—Screws
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/1223—Heating the gasifier by burners
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a biomass gasification system and operating method thereof wherein a seal is formed to mutually separate and isolate the internal environments of a gasification furnace and thermal source, and a stable supply of a slag from the gasification furnace to the thermal source is obtained through a slag feed system.
  • a known biomass gasification system generates' fuel gas through a process by which wood chips or poultry manure is thermally cracked in a non-oxidizing environment of a gasification furnace at temperatures from 600° C. to 900° C.
  • This system gasifies the combustible organic component of the biomass within a temperature range of from 200° C. to 600° C.
  • the fuel gas thus obtained is sent to an electrical generator powered by a combustion engine, gas engine, fuel cell, or other like fuel gas utilization device.
  • This type of biomass-based electrical generating system has been looked upon with increasing interest during recent years.
  • Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-155658 discloses a biomass gasification system in which biomass is processed through the application of thermal energy from a thermal source to generate a fuel gas.
  • This system includes a slag supply system which feeds slag generated by the gasification furnace to the thermal source for use as a heat-generating fuel therein.
  • the slag supply system incorporates an extraction feeder connected with a slag extraction part of the gasification furnace and an insertion feeder provided between the extraction feeder and a slag insertion part of a thermal airflow generator as a thermal source.
  • the former extracts the residual carbide (slag) generated by the gasification furnace in the biomass thermal treatment process, and the latter supplies the slag from the extraction feeder to the thermal airflow generator for use as such fuel therein.
  • the slag supply system is thus able to sequentially feed the slag generated in the gasification furnace to the thermal airflow generator.
  • Combustible fuel gas is generated within the internal environment of the gasification furnace, and exhaust gas, which includes combusted high temperature air for heating the gasification furnace, is generated in the internal environment of the thermal airflow generator. It is important that the respective internal environments of the gasification furnace and thermal airflow generator are mutually sealed off from one another. Therefore, a sealing mechanism must be provided in the slag supply system connecting the gasification furnace and thermal airflow generator in order to separate the respective environments.
  • This sealing mechanism has taken the form of a damper or other like mechanical sealing device capable of appropriately opening and closing passages in the slag supply system so as to ensure both of seal and supply.
  • This invention relates to a biomass gasification system in which thermal energy from a thermal source is applied to a gasification furnace to generate fuel gas, and in which a slag feed system is incorporated to supply slag generated in the gasification furnace to the thermal source for use as a heat-generating fuel therein including a slag holding part installed to the slag feed system and accumulating the slag.
  • This invention also relates to a biomass gasification system operating method applied to a biomass gasification system in which thermal energy from a thermal source is applied to a gasification furnace to generate fuel gas, and in which a slag feed system is incorporated to supply slag generated in the gasification furnace to the thermal source for use as a heat-generating fuel therein, including accumulating slag in a holding part installed to the slag feed system and forming a seal between internal environments of the gasification furnace and the thermal source.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a biomass gasification system.
  • FIG. 2 is a drawing describing how the electrical conductivity of slag is measured.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the airflow temperature and floor temperature of the thermal airflow generator during operation of the biomass gasification system.
  • the biomass gasification system applies thermal energy from a thermal source to generate fuel gas from biomass in a gasification furnace, and incorporates a slag feed system capable of supplying slag generated in the gasification furnace to the thermal source for use as a heat-generating fuel therein, and further incorporates a slag holding part in which the slag accumulates.
  • the slag which has accumulated in the holding part forms a seal between the internal environments of the gasification furnace and thermal source.
  • a detector is provided to monitor the amount of slag in the holding part.
  • the detector is structured in the form of at least two electrodes which come into contact with the slag to form a conductive circuit.
  • a transporter is provided between the holding part and thermal source to transport slag from the holding part to the thermal source when the amount of slag, as monitored by the detective means, exceeds the amount required to form an environmental seal between the gasification furnace and thermal source.
  • the biomass gasification system operating method applies thermal energy from a thermal source to a gasification furnace in which the thermal energy is used to generate fuel gas from biomass, and provides a slag feeder for slag generated in the gasification furnace to the thermal source for use as a heat-generating fuel therein.
  • the operating method includes a step that the slag accumulating in the holding part installed to the slag feed system forms a seal which mutually isolates and separates the internal environments of the gasification furnace and thermal source.
  • the slag is transported from the holding part to the thermal source when the amount of slag in the holding part exceeds that required to maintain a seal between the internal environments of the gasification furnace and thermal source.
  • the biomass gasification system and operating method invention appropriately seals and separates the internal environments of the gasification furnace and thermal source, and is able to provide a stable supply of slag from the gasification furnace to the thermal source through the slag feed system.
  • the biomass gasification system includes a slag feed system 3 which supplies slag S to a thermal source, in this case thermal airflow generator 1 , for use as a heat-generating fuel therein, the slag S having been generated as a residual component of the process where the thermal airflow from the thermal airflow generator 1 is applied to wood chips or other biomass material to be cracked into a fuel gas.
  • the slag feed system 3 also includes a vertical hopper 4 as a holding part in which slag S accumulates.
  • the gasification furnace 2 is a dual-chamber structure comprising a gasification chamber 2 a into which biomass is placed and subjected to a heating process to generate fuel gas, and an external thermal chamber 2 b formed around the periphery of gasification chamber 2 a as means of applying energy thereto for executing the heat process.
  • Thermal airflow generator 1 operates by combusting a fossil fuel or slag S which is supplied from the gasification furnace 2 to generate a thermal airflow of exhaust gas containing high temperature air.
  • the thermal airflow generated by the thermal airflow generator 1 heats the gasification chamber 2 a of the gasification furnace 2 by flowing through the external thermal chamber 2 b from where it is blown back to the thermal airflow generator 1 by a thermal circulation fan 5 .
  • a slag discharge part 2 c is installed to the gasification chamber 2 a of the gasification furnace 2 as means of discharging slag S which is carbide generated by the biomass thermal cracking process.
  • Slag insertion part la is provided with the thermal airflow generator 1 to supply slag S thereto.
  • the slag feed system 3 which is installed between slag discharge part 2 c of the gasification furnace 2 and slag insertion part la of the thermal airflow generator 1 , transports slag S from the gasification furnace 2 to the thermal airflow generator 1 at a temperature above 350° C.
  • the slag supply system 3 includes extraction means such as extraction screw feeder 6 powered by motor 6 a , and transport means such as insertion screw feeder 7 powered by motor 7 a .
  • the feeders 6 and 7 are enclosed within a hermetically sealed cover 8 .
  • the extraction screw feeder 6 is approximately horizontally disposed, and includes a collector end 6 b connected to slag discharge part 2 c of the gasification furnace 2 and an export end 6 c to which the discharged slag S from the gasification furnace 2 is sent by feed operation.
  • the insertion screw feeder 7 is in inclined disposition with its upper discharge end 7 b connected to slag insertion part 1 a of the thermal airflow generator 1 , and its lower receiver end 7 c disposed beneath the export end 6 c of the extraction screw feeder 6 .
  • the insertion screw feeder 7 transports slag S, which has been supplied by the extraction screw feeder 6 to the receiver end 7 c , to the thermal airflow generator 1 .
  • a vertical hopper 4 is installed in the vertical space between ends 6 c and 7 c of feeders 6 and 7 , the top end of the vertical hopper 4 being connected to the export end 6 c of extraction screw feeder 6 , and the bottom end thereof connected to the receiver end 7 c of the insertion screw feeder 7 . Therefore, slag S from the extraction screw feeder 6 enters the top end of the vertical hopper 4 from where it falls downward to the lower part thereof, and is discharged by the insertion screw feeder 7 from the bottom end of the vertical hopper 4 .
  • Slag S accumulates within the vertical hopper 4 to a volume adjusted by the operation of insertion screw feeder 7 in relation to the amount fed in by the extraction screw feeder 6 .
  • vertical hopper 4 is separated into upper hopper 4 a and lower hopper 4 b which are connected by a metal bellows duct 4 c which is able to thermally expand and contract.
  • the upper and lower hoppers 4 a and 4 b are made from an electrically conductive metal such as stainless steel.
  • a detector in the form of electrically conductive electrodes 9 , 10 and 11 , is installed to the vertical hopper 4 and in contact with slag S therein to monitor the slag volume, that is to say, the height of slag S accumulated within the vertical hopper 4 .
  • Slag S is a particulate substance which may have a particle diameter ranging from 1 to 10 mm. If the biomass raw material consists of wood chips, elemental analysis of the resulting slag S reveals, as shown in Table 1, that 88% of the composition is electrically conductive carbide. As shown in FIG. 2 , an electrical circuit tester 12 reveals that such slag S has approximately 5,000 Ohms of resistance when measured over a 100 mm span, thus indicating a substantial amount of electrical conductivity.
  • Table 1 Carbide slag from wood chips Unit of Combusted Sample measurement wood chips Carbide Sodium % 0.036 0.031 potassium % 0.15 0.87 all chlorines % 0.39 0.39 Carbon % 46 88 Hydrogen % 6.1 less than 0.1 Nitrogen % 0.2 0.2 combustible sulphur % 0.19 0.05 gross caloric value MJ/kg 19.2 31.5 water component % 64 2.5 volatile component % 83.5 4.5 ash component % 0.3 2.7 Oxygen % 46 9.2 combustible component % 35 94 solid oxygen % 16.2 92.8 all sulphurs % 0.22 0.07 combustible chlorine % less than 0.01 0.04
  • Electrodes 9 , 10 and 11 which may be made of stainless steel, are disposed to penetrate the walls of the vertical hopper 4 , and are electrically insulated from the hopper walls by encapsulation within insulators 13 . Three electrodes 9 , 10 and 11 are illustrated and used in this example, although other numbers of electrodes may be employed.
  • the first electrode 9 is installed at the top end of the vertical hopper 4
  • the second electrode 10 is installed to the vertical hopper 4 below the bellows duct 4 c at a height establishing the volume of slag S required to form an effective seal
  • the third electrode 11 is installed below the second electrode 10 and above the receiver end 7 c of the insertion screw feeder 7 at a height which establishes the minimum volume of slag S required to form the seal.
  • a wire lead 14 is attached to each electrode 9 , 10 and 11 , and also to lower hopper 4 b.
  • Each wire lead 14 is connected with power source 15 such as DC power source and energized by a small current supplied therefrom. Therefore, a complete conductive circuit may be formed, through the presence of slag S, between each electrode 9 , 10 and 11 and the lower hopper 4 b , separately.
  • the power source 15 is connected to a control unit 16 which is able to monitor an electrically conductive state or insulated state between each electrode 9 , 10 and 11 , and lower hopper 4 b .
  • the third electrode 11 is utilized as follows. When the volume of slag S has accumulated to a point above the third electrode 11 , electrical conductivity is established by the presence of slag S between the third electrode 11 and the lower hopper 4 b .
  • control unit 16 is able to provide a control function based on the monitored conductive and insulated states of the circuit.
  • An increasing volume of slag S accumulating in vertical hopper 4 results in slag S coming into respective contact with the second and first electrodes 10 and 9 , thus completing the circuits and establishing a state of conductivity which is monitored by the control unit 16 as means of detecting the volume of slag S which has accumulated in the vertical hopper 4 .
  • the control unit 16 which is connected to the motor 7 a of insertion screw feeder 7 , outputs “start” and “stop” signals and speed control signal to control motor 7 a , based on the height of slag S in the vertical hopper 4 as monitored through electrodes 9 , 10 and 11 .
  • the control unit 16 which is connected to the motor 7 a of insertion screw feeder 7 , outputs “start” and “stop” signals and speed control signal to control motor 7 a , based on the height of slag S in the vertical hopper 4 as monitored through electrodes 9 , 10 and 11 .
  • the control unit 16 which is connected to the motor 7 a of insertion screw feeder 7 , outputs “start” and “stop” signals and speed control signal to control motor 7 a , based on the height of slag S in the vertical hopper 4 as monitored through electrodes 9 , 10 and 11 .
  • a state of conductivity is detected between the second electrode 10 and the lower hopper 4 b through slag S.
  • the control unit 16 responds to this condition by activating the insertion screw feeder 7 in order to feed slag S to the thermal airflow generator 1 . Conversely, if slag S has not accumulated to a point reaching the second electrode 10 , the insulated state of the circuit is monitored and results in the control unit 16 terminating operation of the insertion screw feeder 7 .
  • the control unit 16 is also able to output a signal which shuts down the entire system, and is equipped with a warning device 17 which is activated to notify that the entire system has stopped.
  • the gasification furnace 2 When the biomass gasification system is operating, the gasification furnace 2 generates fuel gas from biomass through a heating process driven by the thermal airflow generator 1 , and in the process continually generates slag S.
  • Slag S exits slag discharge part 2 c of gasification chamber 2 a and is transported into the vertical hopper 4 by extraction screw feeder 6 .
  • the slag S in the vertical hopper 4 is transported to slag insertion part la of the thermal airflow generator 1 by the insertion screw feeder 7 .
  • Slag S is then combusted within the thermal airflow generator 1 which generates a thermal airflow supplied to the external thermal chamber 2 b of the gasification furnace 2 where the thermal airflow is used to the heat process for gasifying biomass.
  • the height of accumulated slag S in the vertical hopper 4 is monitored by detectors such as electrodes 9 , 10 and 11 .
  • a small amount of electrical current is applied by the electrical power source 15 to the wire leads 14 connected to the electrodes 9 , 10 and 11 and the lower hopper 4 b .
  • the control unit 16 is able to recognize a conductive or insulated state between each electrode 9 , 10 and 11 and the lower hopper 4 b , the conductive or insulated state being determined by the accumulated slag S respectively contacting or not contacting the electrodes 9 , 10 and 11 .
  • the control unit 16 activates the warning device 17 and concurrently outputs an “all stop” control signal which shuts down the entire system, including the insertion screw feeder 7 .
  • the control unit 16 outputs a control signal to the motor 7 a which drives the insertion screw feeder 7 at a high speed due to the large volume of slag S in the vertical hopper 4 , since there is accumulated a large amount of slag S therein.
  • the first electrode 9 will assume an insulated state (with second and third electrodes 10 and 11 in an conductive state) which results the control unit 16 outputting a control signal to the motor 7 a to drive the insertion screw feeder 7 at a slow speed.
  • the control unit 16 will output a “stop” signal to the motor 7 a to terminate operation of the insertion screw feeder 7 as a means of preventing the height of the accumulated slag S from reaching the third electrode 11 which establishes the minimum allowable slag height.
  • the control unit 16 will output a signal to the motor 7 a to re-start the insertion screw feeder 7 at a low speed to resume the transport of slag S to the thermal airflow generator 1 .
  • This operating method automatically controls the operation of the insertion screw feeder 7 in relation to the height of the accumulated slag S in the vertical hopper 4 , thus suppressing changes in the volume of slag supplied to the thermal airflow generator 1 , eliminating external effects that make it difficult to control the temperature of the thermal airflow generator 1 , and making use of slag S as a sealing material.
  • FIG. 3 shows fluctuations of “the airflow temperature” and “the floor temperature” of the thermal airflow generator 1 . It was determined that the fluctuation of insertion amount of slag S to the thermal airflow generator 1 results in little effect on the temperature of the thermal airflow, although there are slight variations in the floor temperature.
  • the biomass gasification system and operating method thereof utilizes a holding part, in the form of the vertical hopper 4 , which is installed to slag feed system 3 .
  • the accumulation of slag S in the vertical hopper 4 provides a sealing function able to mutually separate and isolate the internal environments of the gasification furnace 2 and thermal airflow generator 1 .
  • the utilization of only accumulated slag S in the vertical hopper 4 to seal off the internal environment of the gasification furnace 2 from that of the thermal airflow generator 1 eliminates the need for a mechanical sealing component.
  • the pressures within the gasification furnace 2 and thermal airflow generator 1 are separately controlled to a pressure differential within about 200 Pa.
  • the specific gravity of slag S is 0.113 and slag S has been accumulated within the vertical hopper 4 to a height of 354 mm, the sealing function may be maintained up to a pressure differential of about 400 Pa.
  • the volume of slag S generated in the gasification furnace 2 fluctuates due to gasification conditions, that is, if the slag S is not generated at a uniform rate, even though the insertion screw feeder 7 is running at a uniform speed, the volume of slag S transported to the vertical hopper 4 by the extraction screw feeder 6 will not be constant and the amount of slag S within the vertical hopper 4 may change.
  • This example includes a detector to detect the volume of slag S within the vertical hopper 4 , therefore making it possible to accurately comprehend the amount of slag S accumulated therein. Knowing the height of slag S in the vertical hopper 4 enables automatic or manual control of the slag feed system 3 to maintain the volume of slag S at a specified height which provides the sealing function, and to enable an appropriate supply of slag S from the gasification furnace 2 to the thermal airflow generator 1 .
  • the detection value provided by the detective means is applied to enable automatic operation of the biomass gasification system, particularly the automatic operation of the insertion screw feeder 7 .
  • the control unit 16 utilizes the conductive or insulated states of the electrodes 9 , 10 and 11 to automatically control operation of the insertion screw feeder 7 through the motor 7 a in order to maintain a level of slag S in the vertical hopper 4 sufficient to provide the required sealing function, and to appropriately control the supply of slag S to the thermal airflow generator 1 .
  • the switching point at which the operation of the insertion screw feeder 7 starts or stops is based on the amount of slag S in the vertical hopper 4 .
  • the point in time at which the level of slag S rises above the second electrode 10 is monitored, that is, the point in time is detected at which the second electrode 10 assumes a conductive state indicating that the required environmental seal has been established.
  • This operation thus enables the supply of slag S from the vertical hopper 4 to the thermal airflow generator 1 to be executed in a manner which an appropriate supply of slag S is maintained to assure an adequate sealing function.
  • the detector which is structured from the conductive electrodes 9 , 10 and 11 which penetrate the wall of vertical hopper 4 , and from the lower hopper 4 b which also functions as an electrode, utilizes the conductivity of slag S. Therefore, the amount of slag S within the vertical hopper 4 may be externally grasped even with the temperature of the slag S being in excess of 350° C. Furthermore, the detector operates with a high level of reliability due to its simple structure comprising the electrodes 9 , 10 and 11 , even though they are installed to the vertical hopper 4 in which slag S is cast.
  • electrodes 9 , 10 and 11 installed at points of three levels within the vertical hopper 4 enables detection of three different slag heights through which operation of the insertion screw feeder 7 is controlled. Thus, a fine level of control may be established.
  • the operation of the insertion screw feeder 7 is terminated, thus assuring that the height of the slag S is kept at a level which maintains the effective sealing effect.
  • the holding part may also be structured in other ways such as a horizontal hopper, when the extraction screw feeder 6 as a push-in type feeder which pushes slag horizontally into the hopper is used and the amount of slag S is detected along the length of the horizontal hopper.
  • a slant hopper or other shapes/orientations may be used.
  • the power source 15 may be installed to each electrode 9 , 10 and 11 .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)
US10/589,779 2004-02-20 2005-02-14 Biomass gasification system and opeating method thereof Abandoned US20070137105A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2004045514A JP2005232386A (ja) 2004-02-20 2004-02-20 バイオマスガス化システムおよびその稼働方法
JP2004-045514 2004-02-20
PCT/JP2005/002148 WO2005080533A1 (ja) 2004-02-20 2005-02-14 バイオマスガス化システムおよびその稼働方法

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US (1) US20070137105A1 (ja)
EP (1) EP1717294A4 (ja)
JP (1) JP2005232386A (ja)
KR (1) KR20070015373A (ja)
CN (1) CN1918266A (ja)
WO (1) WO2005080533A1 (ja)

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DE102006017385A1 (de) † 2006-04-11 2007-10-25 Bayer Materialscience Ag Wässrige Polyurethandispersionen mit verbesserter Lagerstabilität
CN102876387B (zh) * 2012-09-26 2013-12-11 张英华 可以连续产气的秸秆气化炉
CN109971510B (zh) * 2019-03-27 2024-03-26 湖南薪火传环保科技有限责任公司 密封罩式进料密封装置及具有其的上吸式气化炉
CN113072977A (zh) * 2021-04-01 2021-07-06 李洪芳 一种生物质气化炉

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