US20060230673A1 - Whole timber firelog impregnated with combustible material - Google Patents

Whole timber firelog impregnated with combustible material Download PDF

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Publication number
US20060230673A1
US20060230673A1 US11/404,394 US40439406A US2006230673A1 US 20060230673 A1 US20060230673 A1 US 20060230673A1 US 40439406 A US40439406 A US 40439406A US 2006230673 A1 US2006230673 A1 US 2006230673A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
firelog
log
fuel additives
timber
fuel
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Abandoned
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US11/404,394
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English (en)
Inventor
Eric Barford
Prodromos Stephanos
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to US11/404,394 priority Critical patent/US20060230673A1/en
Publication of US20060230673A1 publication Critical patent/US20060230673A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/36—Shape
    • C10L5/368—Shaped fuels bundled or contained in a bag or other container
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L11/00—Manufacture of firelighters
    • C10L11/06—Manufacture of firelighters of a special shape
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/36—Shape
    • C10L5/365—Logs
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to producing flammable compositions in the form of fireplace logs, designed to be used principally in household fireplaces, outdoor fire pits, chimneys etc.
  • the invention utilizes whole timber logs impregnated with any suitable combustible material, to form a firelog for use either singly or in multiples. Also claimed are processes for producing said firelog.
  • wood, coal, or peat have traditionally been the primary fireplace fuel source, they are being replaced by other, alternative fuels such as natural gas, propane, fuel oil, and manufactured synthetic or artificial fireplace firelogs.
  • Synthetic or artificial fireplace firelogs are generally produced by combining a particulate carrier material, usually of cellulosic origin, such as sawdust, with a combustible binder/fuel such as a mineral wax and then formed to size and shape through the use of in-line extruding equipment, or ram compaction equipment to form the firelog.
  • a particulate carrier material usually of cellulosic origin, such as sawdust
  • a combustible binder/fuel such as a mineral wax
  • U.S. Pat. No. 3,297,419 discloses the use of rice hulls or shredded paper as partial or total replacements for sawdust.
  • U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,843,336 and 3,880,611 disclose the use of reclaimed pulp and Northern Kraft paper beater stock respectively as sawdust substitutes.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,040,796 describes an artificial firelog comprising ground bark and peanut shells, further comprising a groove filled with gelled starter fuel along the length of the firelog.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,043,765 discloses the use of crushed nutshells, straw, paper pulp, and cotton waste as suitable substitutes for sawdust in an artificial firelog.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,120,666 discloses firelog formulations in which sawdust is substituted with shredded newsprint. As stated in the patent's abstract, “The logs are produced by continuously compacting shredded paper into one end of a compaction chamber, injecting hot molten wax into the compacted paper in the compaction chamber, cooling and hardening the wax, and continuously extruding finished logs from the opposite end of the compaction chamber with means for cutting the continuously extruded log into convenient lengths.”
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,333,738 discloses a synthetic firelog comprising wood fibers or sawdust, coal liquid, molasses and paraffin wax. The resulting mixture is poured into a mold and compressed to form a stable, solid, compacted mass.
  • U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,637,355 and 4,062,655 disclose a sawdust and wax firelog further comprising pyrogenic coloring matter distributed throughout the log mix, wherein the pyrogenic coloring matter produces flames of varying colors.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,496,384 discloses a synthetic firelog comprising primarily paper waste sludge material. This waste sludge material is mixed with a suitable wax and is pressed into a fireplace log having a plurality of longitudinally arranged bores that define passages for air to flow from one end to the other.
  • Applicants' disclosed invention advances the art beyond the above noted prior manufactured firelog and firelog manufacturing methods by using whole timber cut from logs into which a relatively weak structured liquid or wax is impregnated.
  • whole timber pieces combustible materials may be used without need for a binder, thereby allowing relatively inexpensive combustible materials to be used.
  • a further object and advantage of the invention is that by the use of pieces of structurally strong whole timber, following impregnation with the additional combustible fuel material, the firelog remains whole and structurally sound during manufacture, packaging, transport, and even during the burn period of the product. In fact, during burning the firelog remains complete and does not spontaneously collapse or fall apart upon prodding. This avoids the possible safety problems of fire flare-up leading to chimney fire risk and/or excessive heat output should the log spontaneously collapse or be poked during the burn period, as is the case with conventional extruded synthetic firelogs based on sawdust and wax.
  • a further object of the invention is to produce energy enriched fireplace firelogs that are environmentally friendly by utilizing pieces of timber in combination with the optional use of non-fossil fuel-derived vegetable waxes or oils.
  • a still further object and advantage of the invention is a reduction in manufacturing cost by utilizing well-known and established technology such as is used in the impregnation of creosote preservative into fencing timber and utility poles.
  • a still further object of the invention is to provide a firelog that produces the crackling sound associated with the burning of natural timber.
  • a still further object and advantage of the invention is that through the use of highly porous timber types—such as but not restricted to, fast grown ‘Hem-fir’ it is possible to achieve impregnation levels greater than 50% by volume of combustible fuels such as molten vegetable waxes or oils.
  • the disclosed firelog provides all the advantages of traditional synthetic firelogs (that is, increased energy density above and beyond coal or wood alone, are easier to light, burn cleaner and for a known amount of time). Additional benefits above and beyond traditional synthetic firelogs include decreased cost of manufacturing and decreased maintenance and hence increased safety during burning.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a firelog.
  • FIG. 2 is an end view of the firelog, showing a longitudinal cross section taken along the lines 4 - 4 .
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of the firelog, showing a cross section taken along the lines 6 - 6 .
  • FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross sectional view of the firelog taken along the line 4 - 4 in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 5 is a bottom plan view of the firelog.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view taken along the line 6 - 6 in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 1 The applicants' have developed a new and improved firelog 1 that is based on a whole piece of timber, as most easily seen in FIG. 1 .
  • a shaped log is shown in the figures accompanying this application, the timber need not be pre-cut or shaped, and may even still retain the original bark during use and the impregnating process.
  • an “upright” log shall be a log as shown in FIG. 6 , where a flat bottom edge 4 is at the bottom.
  • Firelog 1 is through a process to be described impregnated with additional combustible fuel additive.
  • combustible fluids or combinations thereof may be used as fuel, including but not limited to alcohols (i.e. methanol (typical energy density: 56,000-65,000 BTUs/gallon), ethanol (76,000-82,000 BTUs/gallon), isopropanol), short chain hydrocarbons (i.e. hexane, heptane, gasolines (typical energy density: 110,000-120,000 BTUs/gallon) and diesel (typical energy density 130,000 BTUs/gallon)), long chain hydrocarbons (i.e.
  • alcohols i.e. methanol (typical energy density: 56,000-65,000 BTUs/gallon), ethanol (76,000-82,000 BTUs/gallon), isopropanol
  • short chain hydrocarbons i.e. hexane, heptane
  • gasolines typically density: 110,000-120,000 BTUs/gallon
  • paraffin wax i.e. long chain fatty alcohols and fatty acids or esters thereof
  • other grease animal fats, or such combinations of the preceding components.
  • tall oil pitch may be used after other components such as fatty acids and tocopherols are removed. It is important to note that any organic material in liquid form and that has a high BTU value may be used as fuel, but that certain fuels have advantages over others. The list of fuels above is thus presented for illustrative purposes only.
  • the firelog is in the shape of a generalized cylinder, a preferred embodiment of which is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 .
  • the log may further comprise the flat bottom edge 4 , which prevents the firelog from rolling due to center of gravity shifts occurring during the combustion process.
  • the firelog surface 2 has the appearance of the surface of any ordinary log, substantially unchanged by the impregnating process. As previously indicated, the surface 2 may still comprise the bark from the original log, or, if the firelog 1 has been shaped from a larger piece of timber the surface 2 will simply be the surface newly exposed during the shaping process.
  • the firelog 1 comprises two ends 3 , one of which is most easily seen in FIG. 3 .
  • End 3 is substantially planar, allowing the firelog to be easily transportable, stackable, packagable, and to easily fit in standard household fireplaces.
  • the firelog further comprises a number of slits, as shown in the various figures.
  • a number of slits as shown in the various figures.
  • Along the flat bottom edge 4 are a plurality of bottom slits 8 , as most easily seen in FIGS. 4 and 5 .
  • the firelog also comprises a plurality of longitudinal slits extending centripetally from the outer edge of the firelog inward, each slip running the length of the firelog 1 as seen in FIGS. 4 and 5 .
  • the log comprises one top slit 5 and two additional 'side slits 7 .
  • the non-uniformity of top slit 5 may most easily be seen in the cross section shown in FIG. 4 . From this Figure, the ramping ends 6 may be seen.
  • the various slots are necessary to increase the log surface area allowing for a more even flame profile and an even burnout as the firelog is burned, thereby minimizing any unburned materials and charcoal residue. Additionally, upon initial ignition of the firelog, the time for the flame to fully engulf the firelog is reduced from more than 10 minutes to less than 5 minutes. This allows a more pleasing visual impression to be reached in less time.
  • the firelog is processed as follows:
  • the firelog may start as timber cut from trees specifically grown to a trunk diameter of approximately 3 to 7 inches, or from timber cut into approximately 12 to 18 inch long pieces of approximately 3 to 7 inches diameter, as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the grading and trimming processes are not new in the art and may be easily performed by normal equipment found in timber processing plants.
  • the timber can be cut from the preferred cylindrical shape into two substantially equal hemicylindrical pieces. The two pieces may be shipped and packaged together, and burned individually by an end user desiring a shorter burn time than would be provided by a full cylindrical firelog.
  • multiple hemicylindrical pieces may be stacked the same as split cordwood.
  • Suitable types of timber include, but are not restricted to Western Hemlock, California Red Fir, Grand Fir, Noble Fir, Pacific Silver Fir, and White Fir, Douglass Fir, Yellow Fir, Balsa wood, Aspen, Willow and Western Cedar. Firewood cut from the fast growing hybrid polar tree is a preferred form of timber for processing according to the invention, however, any timber with a satisfactory level of porosity is acceptable.
  • top slit 5 ramps up toward the surface 2 of the firelog at approximately 1 inch from each end, as is best seen in the cross section shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the timber Before the fuel is impregnated into the firelog during processing, the timber must be dried to near zero moisture content, thereby maximizing fuel loading. This is done by a number of means including kiln drying or by live steam heating followed by a low torr vacuum for 1 to 24 hours to vacuum dry the timber. A vacuum of approximately 10 ⁇ 8 torr and up to 1.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 8 will speed removal of residual water from the timber, while a weaker vacuum will require additional time.
  • the timber is placed into a treatment chamber, which is to be filled with impregnating fluid.
  • a treatment chamber which is to be filled with impregnating fluid.
  • one chamber may be used for both the drying and impregnation phase of the process, thereby decreasing overall processing.
  • the timber is preferably placed in a frame that will secure the timber in a position below the fluid level of the impregnating fluid.
  • the chamber While still remaining under a strong vacuum, the chamber is flooded with molten fuel component materials at a temperature high enough to prevent the wax ‘freezing’ into the surface of the logs and thus preventing further impregnation once the vacuum is released and pressure applied. While still maintaining the molten characteristics of the fuel components, the vacuum is released and pressure is increased inside the system up to 250 lbf/in 2 . This high pressure is maintained for a period long enough to ensure maximum loading of fuel component materials into the firelog. The ramping ends 6 of the firelog helps ensure that slot 5 does not close up due to the high temperatures involved with the impregnating process.
  • the system pressure is then released and excess fluid is pumped back to the holding tank for loading of additional firelogs.
  • the firelog may be submerged in said fuel at ambient atmospheric pressure and temperature, thereby reducing cost of product, but increasing time of production.
  • a vacuum may be applied to quickly dry firelog surface 2 .
  • any organic material in liquid form and that has a high BTU value may be used as fuel, but certain fuels have advantages over others.
  • Preferred fuel component materials are molten vegetable oils or waxes or combinations of vegetable oils and waxes derived from palm oils and fatty acids or fatty alcohols, or soy oils and fatty acids or fatty alcohols.
  • the firelog in a preferred embodiment will contain by volume 15-99 part of timber impregnated with 1-85 parts additional combustible ‘fuel’. More preferably, the log will comprise 35 to 60 parts of timber impregnated with 40 to 65 parts additional combustible ‘fuel’; and in the most preferred embodiment will comprise preferably 40 to 60 parts timber with 40 to 60 parts additional combustible ‘fuel’.
  • the treated firelog is enclosed in bag-like flammable casing ignitable from a common burning matchstick.
  • the bag is preferably made from paper, cardboard, or other fibrous materials, and comprises a strip of material incapable of combustion at the temperatures associated burning the firelog.
  • the strip comprises tinfoil but the strip may comprise a plate like structure with cupping edges.
  • the bag is substantially sealed
  • the positioning of the strip is to place it at the bottom portion of the casing. That is, the strip runs longitudinally under the log and in a preferred embodiment slightly cups up around the edges of the log by a small amount..
  • the purpose of the strip is to ease cleanup of charcoal that remains after the firelog is burned. Because the strip cups up around the bottom edges of the firelog, falling charcoal is largely maintained on the strip. A user may then simply pick up and dispose the strip, taking with it the ashes and charcoal from the burned firelog.
  • the cupping edges of the strip must not extend any higher than the side groves when the log is positioned upright as is shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the strip may either be affixed to the inside or outside of the bottom of the bag, or may be laminated into the bag material as is commonly known in the art of lamination.
  • the bottom portion of the bag may be treated with a fire retardant.
  • a user may clean up remaining charcoal and ash by simply picking up the cup-shaped unburned portion of the firelog packaging.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
US11/404,394 2005-04-15 2006-04-15 Whole timber firelog impregnated with combustible material Abandoned US20060230673A1 (en)

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US11/404,394 US20060230673A1 (en) 2005-04-15 2006-04-15 Whole timber firelog impregnated with combustible material

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WO (1) WO2006113638A2 (fr)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090307968A1 (en) * 2008-06-17 2009-12-17 Parker Walter Z Fire log
US20110126452A1 (en) * 2009-11-30 2011-06-02 Richard Guy Blackmore Combustible article
USD713954S1 (en) * 2013-10-11 2014-09-23 Margus Paapsi Fire log with burn channels
US8951308B2 (en) 2011-03-17 2015-02-10 Solazyme, Inc. Pyrolysis oil and other combustible compositions from microbial biomass
USD799681S1 (en) 2016-04-14 2017-10-10 Timbertote, LLC Portable campfire
US20180320099A1 (en) * 2015-12-29 2018-11-08 Viktor Eduardovych Ilin, JR. Slow-burning log
WO2019125208A1 (fr) * 2017-12-20 2019-06-27 Ирина Владимировна ПРАКИНА Élément combustible pour chaudière domestique à combustible solide
USD858738S1 (en) 2017-01-30 2019-09-03 Stevens Point Log Company Multiport self-burning log
US10662387B2 (en) 2017-06-13 2020-05-26 Arr-Maz Products, L.P. Additive used in the production of wood pellets
US10731094B1 (en) * 2016-07-22 2020-08-04 Campfire Innovations, Llc Combustible log torch
US10858606B2 (en) 2017-06-13 2020-12-08 Arr-Maz Products, L.P. Structured composite wood pellets for dust/fines mitigation and method of producing them
US11339341B1 (en) * 2021-03-23 2022-05-24 Martin Franklin McCarthy Biofuel product with fat, oil and/or grease components
US11529571B2 (en) 2021-03-23 2022-12-20 Martin Franklin McCarthy Apparatus and method for collection and disposal of fats, oil and grease
US11535812B2 (en) 2021-03-23 2022-12-27 Martin Franklin McCarthy Apparatus and method for collection and disposal of fats, oil and grease
US11535804B2 (en) 2021-03-23 2022-12-27 Martin F. McCarthy Biofuel product with fat, oil and/or grease components
US11851629B2 (en) 2021-03-23 2023-12-26 Martin Franklin McCarthy Apparatus and method for collection and disposal of fats, oil and grease

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2481641A (en) * 2010-07-02 2012-01-04 Stephen Filsell Methods of producing wood-based firelighter chips
RU176994U1 (ru) * 2017-11-17 2018-02-06 Николай Дмитриевич Корзон Компактный заменитель костра

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US20040045215A1 (en) * 2002-09-09 2004-03-11 Guilfoyle Michael John Combustible fuel

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US3928677A (en) * 1972-12-08 1975-12-23 Firewood Inc Process of treating wood
US4043765A (en) * 1975-07-11 1977-08-23 Linwo Industries Ltd. Artificial fireplace logs with ignition strips
US4243394A (en) * 1979-02-14 1981-01-06 Dg Shelter Products Company Pie segment shaped flammable artificial firelog
US4692168A (en) * 1986-06-10 1987-09-08 Celanese Corporation Flammable barrier wrap for solid fuel/firestarter composition
US5364420A (en) * 1993-06-07 1994-11-15 Herndon Oma L Combustible material treatment process and product
US20010054250A1 (en) * 1999-02-22 2001-12-27 Pasi Kinnunen Heating means
US20040045215A1 (en) * 2002-09-09 2004-03-11 Guilfoyle Michael John Combustible fuel

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090307968A1 (en) * 2008-06-17 2009-12-17 Parker Walter Z Fire log
US8425634B2 (en) 2008-06-17 2013-04-23 Walter Z. Parker Fire log
US20110126452A1 (en) * 2009-11-30 2011-06-02 Richard Guy Blackmore Combustible article
US8475544B2 (en) 2009-11-30 2013-07-02 Richard Guy Blackmore Combustible article
US8951308B2 (en) 2011-03-17 2015-02-10 Solazyme, Inc. Pyrolysis oil and other combustible compositions from microbial biomass
USD713954S1 (en) * 2013-10-11 2014-09-23 Margus Paapsi Fire log with burn channels
USD764046S1 (en) * 2013-10-11 2016-08-16 Margus Paapsi Fire log with burn channels
USRE46532E1 (en) * 2013-10-11 2017-09-05 Margus Paapsi Fire log with burn channels
US20180320099A1 (en) * 2015-12-29 2018-11-08 Viktor Eduardovych Ilin, JR. Slow-burning log
USD799681S1 (en) 2016-04-14 2017-10-10 Timbertote, LLC Portable campfire
US10731094B1 (en) * 2016-07-22 2020-08-04 Campfire Innovations, Llc Combustible log torch
USD875917S1 (en) 2017-01-30 2020-02-18 Stevens Point Log Company Multiport self-burning log
USD858738S1 (en) 2017-01-30 2019-09-03 Stevens Point Log Company Multiport self-burning log
US10662387B2 (en) 2017-06-13 2020-05-26 Arr-Maz Products, L.P. Additive used in the production of wood pellets
US10858606B2 (en) 2017-06-13 2020-12-08 Arr-Maz Products, L.P. Structured composite wood pellets for dust/fines mitigation and method of producing them
WO2019125208A1 (fr) * 2017-12-20 2019-06-27 Ирина Владимировна ПРАКИНА Élément combustible pour chaudière domestique à combustible solide
US11339341B1 (en) * 2021-03-23 2022-05-24 Martin Franklin McCarthy Biofuel product with fat, oil and/or grease components
US11529571B2 (en) 2021-03-23 2022-12-20 Martin Franklin McCarthy Apparatus and method for collection and disposal of fats, oil and grease
US11535812B2 (en) 2021-03-23 2022-12-27 Martin Franklin McCarthy Apparatus and method for collection and disposal of fats, oil and grease
US11535804B2 (en) 2021-03-23 2022-12-27 Martin F. McCarthy Biofuel product with fat, oil and/or grease components
US11535805B2 (en) 2021-03-23 2022-12-27 Martin Franklin McCarthy Biofuel product with fat, oil and/or grease components
US11624039B1 (en) 2021-03-23 2023-04-11 Martin Franklin McCarthy Apparatus and method for collection and disposal of fats, oil and grease
US11713429B2 (en) 2021-03-23 2023-08-01 Martin Franklin McCarthy Biofuel product with fat, oil and/or grease components
US11851629B2 (en) 2021-03-23 2023-12-26 Martin Franklin McCarthy Apparatus and method for collection and disposal of fats, oil and grease

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CA2605415A1 (fr) 2006-10-26
WO2006113638A3 (fr) 2007-11-01
WO2006113638A2 (fr) 2006-10-26
EP1869148A4 (fr) 2010-03-17
EP1869148A2 (fr) 2007-12-26

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