US20060115357A1 - Runner for francis type hydraulic turbine - Google Patents

Runner for francis type hydraulic turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
US20060115357A1
US20060115357A1 US11/260,434 US26043405A US2006115357A1 US 20060115357 A1 US20060115357 A1 US 20060115357A1 US 26043405 A US26043405 A US 26043405A US 2006115357 A1 US2006115357 A1 US 2006115357A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
band
runner
edge portion
blade
deflected
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US11/260,434
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English (en)
Inventor
Stuart Coulson
Hung Do
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Canada Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Canada Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Canada Co filed Critical General Electric Canada Co
Assigned to GENERAL ELECTRIC CANADA reassignment GENERAL ELECTRIC CANADA ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: COULSON, STUART THOMAS, DO, HUNG
Publication of US20060115357A1 publication Critical patent/US20060115357A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F03B3/125—Rotors for radial flow at high-pressure side and axial flow at low-pressure side, e.g. for Francis-type turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/02—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with radial flow at high-pressure side and axial flow at low-pressure side of rotors, e.g. Francis turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/24—Rotors for turbines
    • F05B2240/242—Rotors for turbines of reaction type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05B2240/301—Cross-section characteristics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to hydraulic machines and in particular to improvements in runners for Francis-type machines.
  • Conventional Francis-type runners are composed of a crown with a concentric band or ring and an array of blades extending between and interconnecting the crown with the ring.
  • the runner is rotated about the axis of the crown by the action of water passing through a plurality of flow paths formed between each pair of adjacent blades in the array of blades.
  • Each of the blades has a flow dividing edge which defines the line of demarkation between a suction surface leading in the direction of rotation and a trailing pressure surface trailing in the direction of rotation. This edge, at the inlet of the blades, is normally oriented to slope from the band toward the crown to advance in the direction of rotation of the runner.
  • WO 98/05863 published Feb. 12, 1998 to Billdal et al discloses a runner for a Francis-type hydraulic turbine where each blade has an inlet edge and an outlet edge.
  • the blade is characterized, in the direction of turbine rotation, by the junction point of each blade inlet edge at the band being located forwardly of the inlet edge attachment point for that blade at the crown, and the junction point of each blade outlet edge at the crown being located forwardly of the outlet edge attachment point for that blade at the band. Because of the twisting aspect between the inlet edge and the outlet edge of the blade, this blade is commonly referred to as the “X-blade”.
  • the blades of the aforementioned Francis-type runners are subject to static and dynamic stress concentrations having a focal point at the junction of the runner band and the blade outlet edge. This phenomenon may result in blade erosion and cracking adjacent the band. Further this phenomenon is more pronounced in the “X-blade” runner.
  • the blade was either thickened adjacent the junction with the band, or weld fillets joining the blade to the band were increased in size. However, thickening of the blade adjacent the junction with the band must be substantial in size to relieve the stress concentration and this results in a more costly solution.
  • the present invention relates to a runner for a Francis-type hydraulic turbine where each runner blade has a outlet edge comprising a deflected edge portion.
  • the deflected edge portion is located adjacent to the junction or attachment point of the outlet edge to the band of the runner to define a stress reducing tip extension portion for the blade adjacent the band.
  • the tip extension portion reduces both static and dynamic stress concentrations by having the shape of the blade at the outlet edge adjacent the band as a tip extension portion.
  • This tip extension portion for the blade is less costly to manufacture than trying to build the material at the corner or thicken weld fillets since this tip extension portion adds minimal blade volume and results in significant stress reduction. Since the tip extension portion is built into the blade at the hydraulic design stage the weld fillet size remains small, there is no negative impact on hydraulic performance or cavitation behavior. It is further envisaged that existing runner blades can have their shape altered at the junction portion between the blade outlet edge portion and the band to provide the tip extension portion provided the outlet edge is continuous between the crown and the band.
  • a runner for a Francis-type hydraulic turbine comprising a band, a crown and a number of blades having a curved shape and being attached to the band and the crown.
  • Each blade comprises an inlet flow dividing edge adapted to face upstream in the turbine and an outlet edge adapted to face downstream from the turbine towards a draft tube.
  • the outlet edge comprises a continuous edge extending between the crown and the band.
  • the outlet edge comprises a deflected edge portion located adjacent the band that meets the band at a first junction point.
  • the deflected edge portion defines a stress reducing tip extension portion of the blade adjacent the band.
  • the first junction point is downstream in the direction of rotation of the runner from an expected junction point of the band and the outlet edge without the deflected edge portion.
  • the deflected edge portion meets the band at an acute angle when viewed looking into the runner from its exit opening.
  • the deflected edge portion has a radial displacement from the band that is at least 3% of an exit diameter of the band.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a Francis-type runner with a blade configuration of traditional type
  • FIG. 2 is a somewhat different simplified perspective view showing an example of an embodiment of a runner according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is an elevation view of the runner of FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 4 shows the runner in FIG. 3 looking into the runner from its exit opening
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic axial section (meridian section) of a single blade
  • FIG. 6 shows a corresponding blade as seen in axial direction of the suction side of a blade for a runner according to the invention
  • FIG. 7 shows a plan view from below of a single blade
  • FIGS. 8 a , 8 b and 8 c are views of one blade looking into the exit opening of the runner showing the curvature of the defected edge portion of the blade adjacent the band.
  • the present invention relates to hydraulic machines and in particular to improvements in runners for Francis-type machines.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a known prior art runner 10 having a band or ring 11 and a hub or crown 12 to which the blades 13 are attached in a usual manner.
  • the runner 10 rotates in the direction of arrow R such that each blade 13 defines a suction surface 40 leading in the direction of rotation and a pressure surface 50 trailing in the direction of rotation.
  • each of the blades 13 has a corner 60 adjacent where the outlet edge 16 of the blade 13 is attached or joined to the band 11 . It is this corner 60 , of about 90 degrees in FIG. 1 , that blade 13 is subject to the static and dynamic stress concentrations mentioned above.
  • the runner 10 is also shown with a crown 12 .
  • the inlet flow dividing edge 15 of the blades 13 have an opposite leaning compared to the design of FIG. 1 , when the indicated rotational direction R in FIG. 2 is taken into account.
  • the blades 13 shown in FIG. 2 are of the “X-blade” configuration. In this configuration, the blade outlet edge 16 extends at an inclination forwardly as seen from the crown 12 towards the band 11 . While the detailed description so far has related to blade 13 having an “X-blade” configuration, it should be understood that the invention also has utility in blades of other configurations, such as, for example the runner shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 5 The schematic axial section of FIG. 5 gives a more complete and clear illustration of how the above mentioned points A, B, C, and D are defined in the arrangement of band 11 , crown 12 and blade 13 .
  • Each of the four points in FIG. 5 (and in FIG. 6 ) are indicated with a small circle.
  • FIG. 5 also schematically shows the axis of rotation Ax of the runner, wherein also two dimensions are indicated, i.e. the diameter Dd with respect to point D and the diameter Db with respect to point B.
  • the axis Ax extends vertically.
  • FIG. 5 the orientation of the blade 13 in the runner 10 is shown relative to the upstream portion 21 of the turbine and the draft tube 19 located downstream of the runner 10 .
  • the inlet flow dividing edge 15 faces upstream 21 of the turbine and the outlet edge 16 faces downstream of the turbine towards the draft tube 19 .
  • FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 show how the four points A, B, C and D mentioned above are located angularly in relation to the axis of rotation.
  • This axis is represented by origin in the diagram of FIG. 6 .
  • FIG. 6 shows the blade 3 as seen in an axial direction of FIG. 5 .
  • the rotational direction is again indicated in FIG. 6 with the arrow R.
  • Point A is located forwardly of point C as seen in the rotational direction R, and point B leads point D as seen in the rotational direction R.
  • This is the configuration that influences the particular and controlled twisted shape of the “X-blade” configuration of blade 13 .
  • the junction or attachment point A of the blade inlet flow dividing edge 15 at the band 11 is located forwardly of the inlet edge junction or attachment point C at the crown 12 .
  • the attachment point B of the blade outlet edge 16 at the band 11 is located forwardly of the outlet edge attachment point D at the crown 12 , as seen in the rotational direction R of the runner.
  • the present invention relates to the shape of the outlet edge 16 of the blade 13 adjacent the band 11 at the runner outlet to reduce both static and dynamic stress concentrations.
  • the blade 13 comprises a pointed tip extension portion 130 of a pointed shape adjacent the band 11 .
  • the tip extension portion 130 is achieved by the outlet edge 16 comprising a non-deflected edge portion 100 that has gentle curving concave contour running into a convex deflected edge portion 110 .
  • the convex deflected edge portion 110 is located adjacent the junction or attachment point B of the outlet edge 16 to the band 11 and defines the tip extension portion 130 .
  • the tip extension portion 130 forms an acute angle ⁇ where the deflected edge portion 110 meets the band 11 viewed looking into the runner 10 from its exit opening 115 .
  • the convex deflected edge portion 110 has a radial displacement dR ( FIG. 7 ) from the band 11 that is at least 3% of an exit diameter DE ( FIG. 3 ) of the band 11 .
  • the non-deflected edge portion 100 and the convex defected edge portion 110 meet at a deflection point 120 .
  • the deflection point 120 is displaced by the radial displacement dR from the band 11 .
  • the convex deflected edge portion 110 results in the reduction of the angle made between the outlet edge 16 of the blade 13 and the band 11 which otherwise would be an obtuse angle in the “X-blade” design when viewed looking into the runner exit opening.
  • FIGS. 8 a to 8 c there are shown various length shapes for the deflected blade portion 110 .
  • FIG. 8 c shows the outlet edge 16 having a deflection point 120 adjacent the band 11 where the deflected edge portion 110 has a convex length as noted above.
  • FIG. 8 b an alternative embodiment for the deflected edge portion 110 shown where the deflected edge portion 110 is a straight length.
  • FIG. 8 c shows a further alternative embodiment where the deflected edge portion 110 has a concave/convex or serpentine length. In each of the embodiments of FIGS.
  • the non-defected edge portion 100 of the outlet blade 16 has a smooth or gradual contour that bends gently at the deflection point 120 without a sharp corner or edge into the continuing deflected edge portion 110 .
  • the outlet edge 16 has a continuous edge between the crown 12 and the band 11 .
  • the tip extension portion 130 results in the first junction point B being located downstream in the direction of rotation R of the runner 10 from an expected junction point B′ of the band 11 and the outlet edge 16 where the contour of the non-deflected edge portion 100 would continue as shown in dotted line or alternatively, if the outlet edge 16 did not have the deflected edge portion 110 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
US11/260,434 2004-11-30 2005-10-28 Runner for francis type hydraulic turbine Abandoned US20060115357A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2,488,714 2004-11-30
CA002488714A CA2488714A1 (en) 2004-11-30 2004-11-30 Runner for francis type hydraulic turbine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20060115357A1 true US20060115357A1 (en) 2006-06-01

Family

ID=35516136

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/260,434 Abandoned US20060115357A1 (en) 2004-11-30 2005-10-28 Runner for francis type hydraulic turbine

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20060115357A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1662136A3 (zh)
JP (1) JP2006153011A (zh)
KR (1) KR20060061278A (zh)
CN (1) CN1818373A (zh)
BR (1) BRPI0505157A (zh)
CA (1) CA2488714A1 (zh)
NO (1) NO20055637L (zh)
RU (1) RU2005137144A (zh)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100086394A1 (en) * 2008-10-03 2010-04-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Hydraulic machine
US20160327012A1 (en) * 2013-11-14 2016-11-10 Alstom Renewable Technologies Aerating system for hydraulic turbine
US20170211539A1 (en) * 2014-07-23 2017-07-27 Andritz Hydro Ltd. Francis Turbine With Short Blade and Short Band
EP3683437A1 (en) * 2019-01-18 2020-07-22 GE Renewable Technologies Hydroturbine runner blade local extension to avoid cavitation erosion
US11359596B2 (en) * 2020-03-05 2022-06-14 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Francis-type turbine runner and Francis-type turbine
US11566595B2 (en) 2020-01-06 2023-01-31 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Francis-type turbine runner and Francis-type turbine

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2928422B1 (fr) * 2008-03-05 2013-07-05 Alstom Hydro France Roue francis de turbine hydraulique equipee d'un organe formant pointe et procede de reduction des fluctuations utilisant une telle roue.
JP2010249097A (ja) * 2009-04-20 2010-11-04 Toshiba Corp フランシス型水車又はフランシス型ポンプ水車におけるランナのクラウン又はバンドの組立方法及びランナの組立方法
JP5248422B2 (ja) * 2009-06-22 2013-07-31 日立三菱水力株式会社 ターボ機械及び水車ランナ
FR2974394A1 (fr) 2011-04-20 2012-10-26 Alstom Hydro France Roue pour machine hydraulique, machine hydraulique equipee d'une telle roue et installation de conversion d'energie comprenant une telle machine hydraulique
ES2717461T3 (es) 2011-10-23 2019-06-21 Andritz Hydro Canada Inc Pala compacta para rodete de turbina Francis y método para configurar el rodete
JP6047348B2 (ja) * 2012-09-11 2016-12-21 アイ・ビー・テクノス株式会社 流体用回転装置
CN109209733B (zh) * 2018-10-16 2020-06-30 广州合众富华节能环保科技有限公司 一种冷却塔水轮机
CN110454310B (zh) * 2019-08-07 2021-04-27 东方电气集团东方电机有限公司 一种仿生学水轮机
CN111255738A (zh) * 2020-01-20 2020-06-09 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 叶轮、混流风机以及空调器
CN111156191A (zh) * 2020-01-20 2020-05-15 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 叶轮、混流风机以及空调器

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4479757A (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-10-30 Dominion Engineering Works Limited Blade configurations for Francis-type turbine runners
US6135716A (en) * 1996-08-02 2000-10-24 Ge Energy (Norway) As Runner for Francis-type hydraulic turbine
US20050042104A1 (en) * 2003-06-16 2005-02-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Francis turbine
US20050089404A1 (en) * 2003-08-11 2005-04-28 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Francis turbine
US20060228215A1 (en) * 2005-04-07 2006-10-12 General Electric Canada Stress relief grooves for Francis turbine runner blades

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19801849B4 (de) * 1998-01-20 2004-01-15 Voith Siemens Hydro Power Generation Gmbh & Co. Kg Laufrad für eine hydraulische Strömungsmaschine nach Francis-Bauart

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4479757A (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-10-30 Dominion Engineering Works Limited Blade configurations for Francis-type turbine runners
US6135716A (en) * 1996-08-02 2000-10-24 Ge Energy (Norway) As Runner for Francis-type hydraulic turbine
US20050042104A1 (en) * 2003-06-16 2005-02-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Francis turbine
US20050089404A1 (en) * 2003-08-11 2005-04-28 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Francis turbine
US20060228215A1 (en) * 2005-04-07 2006-10-12 General Electric Canada Stress relief grooves for Francis turbine runner blades

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100086394A1 (en) * 2008-10-03 2010-04-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Hydraulic machine
US9181957B2 (en) * 2008-10-03 2015-11-10 Yasuyuki Enomoto Hydraulic machine
US20160327012A1 (en) * 2013-11-14 2016-11-10 Alstom Renewable Technologies Aerating system for hydraulic turbine
US10215151B2 (en) * 2013-11-14 2019-02-26 Ge Renewable Technologies Aerating system for hydraulic turbine
US20170211539A1 (en) * 2014-07-23 2017-07-27 Andritz Hydro Ltd. Francis Turbine With Short Blade and Short Band
EP3172431B1 (en) 2014-07-23 2019-06-05 Andritz Hydro Canada Inc. Francis turbine with short blade and short band
US10465647B2 (en) * 2014-07-23 2019-11-05 Andritz Hydro Ltd. Francis turbine with short blade and short band
EP3683437A1 (en) * 2019-01-18 2020-07-22 GE Renewable Technologies Hydroturbine runner blade local extension to avoid cavitation erosion
WO2020148415A1 (en) * 2019-01-18 2020-07-23 Ge Renewable Technologies Hydroturbine runner blade local extension to avoid cavitation erosion
US20220120253A1 (en) * 2019-01-18 2022-04-21 Ge Renewable Technologies Hydroturbine runner blade local extension to avoid cavitation erosion
US11566595B2 (en) 2020-01-06 2023-01-31 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Francis-type turbine runner and Francis-type turbine
US11359596B2 (en) * 2020-03-05 2022-06-14 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Francis-type turbine runner and Francis-type turbine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2488714A1 (en) 2006-05-30
EP1662136A3 (en) 2011-04-27
RU2005137144A (ru) 2007-06-10
EP1662136A2 (en) 2006-05-31
KR20060061278A (ko) 2006-06-07
CN1818373A (zh) 2006-08-16
NO20055637D0 (no) 2005-11-29
BRPI0505157A (pt) 2006-07-11
NO20055637L (no) 2006-05-31
JP2006153011A (ja) 2006-06-15

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Owner name: GENERAL ELECTRIC CANADA, CANADA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:COULSON, STUART THOMAS;DO, HUNG;REEL/FRAME:017149/0224

Effective date: 20041126

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION