Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
  • C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
  • C09B67/0033—Blends of pigments; Mixtured crystals; Solid solutions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
  • C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
  • C09B67/0033—Blends of pigments; Mixtured crystals; Solid solutions
  • C09B67/0046—Mixtures of two or more azo dyes
  • C09B67/0047—Mixtures of two or more reactive azo dyes

Definitions

• This invention relates to the technical field of fiber-reactive azo dyes.
• the present invention provides dye mixtures which provide dyeings of high color strength in the presence of only very low levels or even in the absence of electrolyte salts.
• the invention accordingly provides dye mixtures comprising one or more, such as two or three, preferably 1 or 2, dyes of the hereinbelow indicated and defined general formula (I) one or more, such as two or three, preferably 1 or 2, dyes of the hereinbelow indicated and defined general formula (II) and, optionally, as further components for blending or shading, one or more, such as two or three, preferably 1 or 2, dyes having, for example, the hereinbelow indicated and defined general formulae (IIIa)-(IIIf) where:
• the dyes of the general formula (II) contain independently of one another at least one fiber-reactive group of the formula —SO 2 -Z or Z 21 .
• (C 1 -C 4 )-Alkyl R may be straight-chain or branched and is in particular methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl or tert-butyl. Methyl and ethyl are preferred. The same logic applies to (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy groups.
• Aryl R is in particular phenyl.
• Substituted aryl R 1 is in particular phenyl substituted by one, two or three independent groups selected from the group consisting of (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy, hydroxyl, sulfo, carboxyl, amido and halogen.
• Halogen R is in particular fluorine, chlorine or bromine, and fluorine and chlorine are preferred.
• Alkali-eliminable Z 1 in the ⁇ -position of the ethyl group of Z includes for example halogen atoms, such as chlorine and bromine, ester groups of organic carboxylic and sulfonic acids, as of alkylcarboxylic acids, substituted or unsubstituted benzenecarboxylic acids and substituted or unsubstituted benzenesulfonic acids, such as alkanoyloxy of 2 to 5 carbon atoms, especially acetyloxy, benzoyloxy, sulfobenzoyloxy, phenylsulfonyloxy and toluylsulfonyloxy, also acidic ester groups of inorganic acids, as of phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid and thiosulfuric acid (phosphato, sulfato and thiosulfato groups), similarly dialkylamino groups having alkyl groups of 1 to 4 carbon atoms in each case, such as dimethyla
• Z is preferably vinyl, ⁇ -chloroethyl and particularly preferably ⁇ -sulfatoethyl.
• sulfo include not only their acid form but also their salt form. Accordingly, sulfo groups are groups conforming to the general formula —SO 3 M, thiosulfato groups are groups conforming to the general formula —S—SO 3 M, carboxyl groups are groups conforming to the general formula —COOM, phosphate groups are groups conforming to the general formula —OPO 3 M 2 and sulfato groups are groups conforming to the general formula —OSO 3 M, in each of which M is as defined above.
• the dyes of the general formula (I) to (III) may possess different fiber-reactive groups —SO 2 Z within the meaning of Z. More particularly, the fiber-reactive groups —SO 2 Z may be on the one hand vinylsulfonyl groups and on the other —CH 2 CH 2 Z 1 groups, preferably ⁇ -sulfatoethylsulfonyl groups. If the dyes of the general formula (I) to (III) contain vinylsulfonyl groups in some instances, then the fraction of the respective dye with the vinylsulfonyl group is up to about 30 mol %, based on the respective amount of total dye.
• Alkali M is in particular lithium, sodium or potassium. M is preferably hydrogen or sodium.
• R 1 to R 13 are each preferably hydrogen and R 6 , R 7 , R 12 and R 13 are each preferably sulfo as well.
• the SO 2 Z group is preferably disposed meta or para relative to the nitrogen atom.
• the carboxamide group is preferably disposed para or meta relative to the diazo group.
• D 1 or D2 is a group of the general formula (5) and X 2 is —SO 2 Z, then the SO 2 Z group is preferably disposed meta or para relative to the diazo group.
• substituents A are in particular 1,2-phenylene, 1,3-phenylene, 1,4-phenylene, 2-chloro-1,4-phenylene, 2-chloro-1,5-phenylene, 2-bromo-1,4-phenylene, 2-sulfo-1,4-phenylene, 2-sulfo-1,5-phenylene, 2-methoxy-1,5-phenylene, 2-ethoxy-1,5-phenylene, 2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-phenylene, 2-methoxy-5-methyl-1,4-phenylene, 2-methyl-1,4-phenylene, 2,6-naphthylene, 2,8-naphthylene, 1-sulfo-2,6-naphthylene, 6-sulfo-2,8-naphthylene or 1,2-ethylene and 1,3-propylene.
• A is particularly preferably 1,3-phenylene, 1,4-phenylene, 2-sulfo-1,4-phenylene, 2-methoxy-1,5-phenylene, 2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-phenylene, 2-methoxy-5-methyl-1,4-phenylene or 1,2-ethylene and 1,3-propylene, and in the case of the two last-mentioned alkylene groups R 1 is preferably phenyl or 2-sulfophenyl.
• k is preferably 2 or 3.
• Examples of groups D 1 to D 8 of the general formulae (5) and (6) are 2-( ⁇ -sulfato-ethylsulfonyl)phenyl, 3-( ⁇ -sulfatoethylsulfonyl)phenyl, 4-( ⁇ -sulfatoethylsulfonyl)-phenyl, 2-carboxy-5-( ⁇ -sulfatoethylsulfonyl)phenyl, 2-chloro-4-( ⁇ -sulfatoethyl-sulfonyl)phenyl, 2-chloro-5-( ⁇ -sulfatoethylsulfonyl)phenyl, 2-bromo-4-( ⁇ -sulfato-ethylsulfonyl)phenyl, 2-sulfo-4-( ⁇ -sulfatoethylsulfonyl)phenyl, 2-sulfo-5-( ⁇ -sulfato-ethylsul
• R is preferably hydrogen or a group of the formula (14), M being as defined above.
• D 3 is preferably 2-( ⁇ -sulfatoethylsulfonyl)phenyl, 3-( ⁇ -sulfatoethylsulfonyl)phenyl, 4-( ⁇ -sulfatoethylsulfonyl)phenyl, 2-sulfo-4-( ⁇ -sulfatoethylsulfonyl)phenyl, 2-methoxy-5-( ⁇ -sulfatoethylsulfonyl)phenyl, 2,5-dimethoxy-4-( ⁇ -sulfatoethylsulfonyl)phenyl, 2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-( ⁇ -sulfatoethylsulfonyl)phenyl, 6-( ⁇ -sulfatoethylsulfonyl)-1-sulfonaphth-2-yl, 2-,3- or 4-vinylsulfonylphenyl, 1-
• the bond leading to the diazo group is preferably attached in ⁇ -position to the naphthalene nucleus of (6).
• R 21 to R 23 are each preferably hydrogen and R 21 and R 22 are preferably sulfo as well.
• R 2′ to R 4′ are each preferably hydrogen or methyl
• R 2′ is preferably phenyl as well and
• R 3′ and R 4′ are each preferably 2-sulfoethyl, 2-, 3- or 4-sulfophenyl, 3- or 4-trimethylammoniophenyl sulfate, 3- or 4-trimethylammoniophenyl chloride, or
• R 3′ and R 4′ combine to form a cyclic ring system which preferably conforms to the formula —(CH 2 ) 2 —O—(CH 2 ) 2 —.
• W is preferably 1,3-phenylene, 1,4-phenylene, 2-sulfo-1,4-phenylene, 2-methoxy-1,5-phenylene, 2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-phenylene, 2-methoxy-5-methyl-1,4-phenylene, 1,2-ethylene, 1,3-propylene.
• Examples of the groups Q 1 and Q 2 in the general formula (9) are independently of one another fluorine, chlorine, hydroxyl, methoxy, ethoxy, phenoxy, 3-sulfophenoxy, 4-sulfophenoxy, methylmercapto, cyanamido, amino, methylamino, ethylamino, morpholino, piperidino, phenylamino, methylphenylamino, 2-sulfophenylamino, 3-sulfophenylamino, 4-sulfophenylamino, 2,4-disulfophenylamino, 2,5-disulfophenylamino, 3-trimethylammoniumphenylamino, 4-trimethylammoniumphenylamino, 2-sulfoethylamino, N-methyl-2-sulfoethylamino, pyridino, 3-carboxypyridino, 4-carboxypyridino, 3-carbamo
• the groups Q 1 and Q 2 in the general formula (9) independently of one another are fluorine, chlorine, cyanamido, morpholino, 2-sulfophenylamino, 3-sulfophenylamino, 4-sulfophenylamino, 3-trimethylammoniumphenylamino, 4-trimethylammoniumphenylamino, N-methyl-2-sulfoethylamino, 3-carboxypyridino, 4-carboxypyridino, 3-carbamoylpyridino, 4-carbamoylpyridino, 3-(2-sulfatoethylsulfonyl)phenylamino, 4-(2-sulfatoethylsulfonyl)phenylamino, 3-(vinylsulfonyl)phenylamino, 4-(vinylsulfonyl)phenylamino, 4-(vinylsulfonyl)phenylamino, 4-(
• the groups Q 1 and Q 2 in the general formula (9) independently of one another are fluoro, chloro, cyanamido, morpholino, 2-sulfophenylamino, 3-sulfophenylamino, 4-sulfophenylamino, 3-trimethylammoniumphenylamino, 4-trimethylammoniumphenylamino, 3-(2-sulfatoethylsulfonyl)phenylamino, 4-(2-sulfatoethylsulfonyl)phenylamino, 3-(vinylsulfonyl)phenylamino, 4-(vinylsulfonyl)-phenylamino, N-methyl-N-(2-(2-sulfatoethylsulfonyl)ethyl)amino, N-phenyl-N-(2-(2-sulfatoethylsulfonyl)ethyl)amino.
• radicals R 24 to R 26 are each preferably methyl or ethyl.
• Anion B ⁇ is preferably sulfate or chloride.
• the quaternary ammonium group is preferably meta or para to the free bond on the benzene nucleus.
• Examples of the group Z 21 are 2,4-difluoropyrimidin-6-yl, 4,6-difluoropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloro-2,4-difluoropyrimidin-6-yl, 5-chloro-4,6-difluoropyrimidin-2-yl, 4,5-difluoro-pyrimidin-6-yl, 5-chloro-4-fluoropyrimidin-6-yl, 2,4,5-trichloropyrimidin-6-yl, 4,5-dichloropyrimidin-6-yl, 2,4-dichloropyrimidin-6-yl, 4-fluoropyrimidin-6-yl, 4-chloro-pyrimidin-6-yl, or a group of the general formula (9) with the above-indicated examples for Q 1 and Q 2 or 2,3-dichloroquinoxaline-6-carbonyl.
• Z 21 is preferably 2,4-difluoropyrimidin-6-yl, 4,6-difluoropyrimidin-2-yl, 5-chloro-2,4-difluoropyrimidin-6-yl, 5-chloro-4,6-difluoropyrimidin-2-yl or a group of the general formula (9) with the above-indicated preferred groups for Q 1 and Q 2 .
• Z 21 is 2,4-difluoropyrimidin-6-yl, 5-chloro-2,4-difluoropyrimidin-6-yl or a group of the general formula (9) with the above-indicated particularly preferred groups Q 1 and Q 2 .
• Preferred mixtures contain one or more dyes of the general formula (Ia) and one or more dyes of the general formula (IIa) plus if desired one or more dyes of the general formulae (IIIa) to (IIIf).
• M, A, R 1 , Z, D 3 and R are each as defined above.
• A is particularly preferable for A to be phenylene and Z to be vinyl or ⁇ -sulfatoethyl.
• A is most preferable for A to be phenylene, R 1 to be hydrogen and Z to be vinyl or ⁇ -sulfatoethyl.
• the dye mixtures according to the invention contain bisazo dyes of the general formula (I) in an amount of 30 to 95% by weight and preferably 50 to 90% by weight and monoazo dyes of the general formula (II) in an amount of 5 to 70% by weight and preferably 10 to 50% by weight, and dyes of the general formulae (IIIa) to (IIIf) in an amount of 0 to 40% by weight, preferably 5 to 25% by weight.
• the dye mixtures according to the invention may also contain one or more monoazo dyes of the general formulae (15) or (16) in an amount of up to 10% by weight, preferably up to 5% by weight, where M and D 2 are each as defined above. It is particularly preferable for D 2 to be 4-(2-sulfatoethylsulfonyl)phenyl or 4-vinylsulfonylphenyl.
• Dyes of the general formula (I) are known from E ⁇ -A1046677, the dyes of the general formula (II) are known in part from WO 9610610, WO 9725377, WO 9947608 and EP-A 922735.
• Dyes of the general formulae (15) and (16) are obtainable via standard synthetic methods or are in some instances formed during the synthesis of dyes of the general formula (I). They are customarily used as shading components.
• the dye mixtures according to the invention can be present as a preparation in solid or liquid (dissolved) form.
• they contain, to the extent necessary, the electrolyte salts customary in the case of water-soluble and especially fiber-reactive dyes, such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride and sodium sulfate, and may further contain the auxiliaries customary in commercial dyes, such as buffer substances capable of setting a pH in aqueous solution between 3 and 7, such as sodium acetate, sodium citrate, sodium borate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium dihydrogenphosphate and disodium hydrogenphosphate, dyeing auxiliaries, dustproofing agents and small amounts of siccatives; when they are present in a liquid, aqueous solution (including a content of thickeners of the type customary in print pastes), they may also contain substances which ensure a long life for these preparations, for example mold preventatives.
• the electrolyte salts customary in the case of water-soluble and especially fiber-reactive dyes such as sodium chloride, potassium chlor
• the dye mixtures according to the invention are generally present as powders or granules which contain electrolyte salt and which will hereinbelow generally be referred to as a preparation with or without one or more of the abovementioned auxiliaries.
• the dye mixture is present at 10 to 90% by weight, based on the preparation containing it.
• the buffer substances are generally present in a total amount of up to 5% by weight, based on the preparation.
• the total dye content of these aqueous solutions is up to about 50% by weight, for example between 5 and 50% by weight, the electrolyte salt content of these aqueous solutions preferably being below 10% by weight, based on the aqueous solution;
• the aqueous solutions (liquid preparations) can contain the aforementioned buffer substances in an amount which is generally up to 5% by weight and preferably up to 2% by weight.
• the dye mixtures according to the invention are preparable in a conventional manner, as by mechanically mixing the individual dyes, whether in the form of their dye powders or granules or their as-synthesized solutions or in the form of aqueous solutions of the individual dyes generally, which may additionally contain customary auxiliaries, or by conventional diazotization and coupling of suitable mixtures of diazo and coupling components in the desired amount ratios.
• an amine of the general formula (17) D 2 -NH 2 (17), where D 2 is as defined above can be diazotized in a conventional manner and the resulting diazonium compound then reacted in aqueous medium at a pH below 3 with a mixture of 4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid or 4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,7-disulfonic acid and an optionally N-substituted 6-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid or 3-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid to give a mixture of two red monoazo dyes of the formulae (15) and (II).
• an amine of the general formula (18) D 1 -NH 2 (18), where D 2 is as defined above is diazotized in a conventional manner and the resulting diazonium compound is then coupled in a second stage with the mixture of the monoazo dyes of the general formulae (15) and (II) obtained in the first stage, coupling taking place at a pH of between 3 and 7.5, to give a mixture of the dyes of the general formulae (I) and (II).
• the dye mixture of the invention can be prepared by conventionally diazotizing an amine of the general formula (18), where D 1 is as defined in claim 1 , and then reacting the resulting diazonium compound of an aqueous solution or suspension of a mixture of defined proportion of a red monoazo dye of the general formula (15) and an optionally substituted 6-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid, first with a pH below 3 to give a mixture of two red monoazo dyes of the general formulae (15) and (II), and, when acidic coupling is at an end, by raising the pH to 4-7.5, carrying out the second coupling of the monoazo dye of the general formula (15), giving a mixture of the two dyes of the general formulae (I) and (II).
• the red monoazo dyes of the general formula (15) can be prepared by conventionally diazotizing an amine of the general formula (17), where D 2 is as defined in claim 1 , and then coupling the resulting diazonium compound in an aqueous medium at a pH below 2 with 4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid and/or 4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,7-disulfonic acid in a first stage.
• the dye mixture of the invention is isolated in a conventional manner, where appropriate following the addition of one or more, such as two or three, yellow components of the general formulae (IIIa) to (IIIf), in solid form or as an aqueous solution, by salting out for example with sodium chloride or potassium chloride or by spray drying.
• the as-synthesized solutions of the dye mixtures of the general formula (I) and (II) can be used directly as a liquid preparation for dyeing, where appropriate following addition of one or more, such as two or three, yellow components of the general formulae (IIIa) to (IIIf) in solid form or as aqueous solutions and also, where appropriate, addition of a buffer substance and, where appropriate, after concentration or dilution.
• Dye mixtures which as well as ⁇ -chloroethylsulfonyl or ⁇ -thiosulfatoethylsulfonyl or ⁇ -sulfatoethylsulfonyl groups also contain vinylsulfonyl groups as reactive radicals can be synthesized not only starting from appropriately substituted vinylsulfonylanilines or naphthylamines but also by reaction of a dye mixture where Z is ⁇ -chloroethyl, ⁇ -thiosulfatoethyl or ⁇ -sulfatoethyl with Man amount of alkali required for the desired fraction and converting the ⁇ -substituted ethylsulfonyl groups mentioned into vinylsulfonyl groups. This conversion is effected in a manner familiar to one skilled in the art.
• the dye mixtures according to the invention have useful application properties. They are used for dyeing or printing hydroxyl- and/or carboxamido-containing materials, for example in the form of sheetlike structures, such as paper and leather or of films, for example composed of polyamide, or in bulk, as for example polyamide and polyurethane, but especially for dyeing and printing these materials in fiber form.
• the present invention thus also provides for the use of the dye mixtures according to the invention for dyeing or printing these materials, or rather processes for dyeing or printing these materials in a conventional manner, by using a dye mixture according to the invention or its individual components (dyes) individually together as a colorant.
• the materials are preferably employed in the form of fiber materials, especially in the form of textile fibers, such as woven fabrics or yarns, as in the form of hanks or wound packages.
• Hydroxyl-containing materials are those of natural or synthetic origin, for example cellulose fiber materials or their regenerated products and polyvinyl alcohols.
• Cellulose fiber materials are preferably cotton, but also other vegetable fibers, such as linen, hemp, jute and ramie fibers; regenerated cellulose fibers are for example staple viscose and filament viscose and also chemically modified cellulose fibers, such as aminated cellulose fibers or fibers as described for example in WO 96/37641 and WO 96/37642 and also in EP 0 538 785 and EP 0 692 559.
• Carboxamido-containing materials are for example synthetic and natural polyamides and polyurethanes, especially in the form of fibers, for example wool and other animal hairs, silk, leather, nylon-6,6, nylon-6, nylon-11 and nylon-4.
• the dye mixtures according to the invention can be applied to and fixed on the substrates mentioned, especially the fiber materials mentioned, by the application techniques known for water-soluble dyes and especially for fiber-reactive dyes.
• water-soluble dyes and especially for fiber-reactive dyes For instance, on cellulose fibers they produce by the exhaust method from a long liquor and also from a short liquor, for example in a liquor to goods ratio of 5:1 to 100:1, preferably 6:1 to 30:1, using various acid-binding agents and optionally neutral salts as far as necessary, such as sodium chloride or sodium sulfate, dyeings having very good color yields.
• Application is preferably from an aqueous bath at temperatures between 40 and 105° C., optionally at a temperature of up to 130° C.
• One possible procedure here is to introduce the material into the warm bath and to gradually heat the bath to the desired dyeing temperature and complete the dyeing process at that temperature.
• the neutral salts which accelerate the exhaustion of the dyes may also if desired only be added to the bath after the actual dyeing temperature has been reached.
• Padding processes likewise provide excellent color yields and a very good color build-up on cellulose fibers, the dyes being fixable in a conventional manner by batching at room temperature or elevated temperature, for example at up to about 60° C., or in a continuous manner, for example by means of a pad-dry-pad steam process, by steaming or using dry heat.
• customary printing processes for cellulose fibers which can be carried out in one step, for example by printing with a print paste containing sodium bicarbonate or some other acid-binding agent and by subsequent steaming at 100 to 103° C., or in two steps, for example by printing with a neutral to weak acidic print color and then fixing either by passing the printed material through hot electrolyte-containing alkaline bath or by overpadding with an alkaline electrolyte-containing padding liquor and subsequent batching of the alkali-overpadded material or subsequent steaming or subsequent dry heat treatment of the alkali-overpadded material, produce strong prints with well-defined contours and a clear white ground. The outcome of the prints is little affected, if at all, by variations in the fixing conditions.
• thermofix processes When fixing by means of dry heat in accordance with the customary thermofix processes, hot air at 120 to 200° C. is used. In addition to the customary steam at 101 to 103° C., it is also possible to use superheated steam and high-pressure steam at temperatures of up to 160° C.
• the acid-binding agents which effect the fixation of the dyes of the dye mixtures according to the invention on the cellulose fibers are for example water-soluble basic salts of alkali metals and likewise alkaline earth metals of inorganic or organic acids or compounds which liberate alkali in the heat, and also alkali metal silicates.
• alkali metal hydroxides and alkali metal salts of weak to medium inorganic or organic acids are especially suitable.
• Such acid-binding agents are for example sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium formate, sodium dihydrogenphosphate, disodium hydrogenphosphate, sodium trichloroacetate, trisodium phosphate or waterglass or mixtures thereof, for example mixtures of aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and waterglass.
• the dye mixtures according to the invention are notable for outstanding color strength when applied to the cellulose fiber materials by dyeing or printing in the presence of no or very small amounts of alkali or alkaline earth metal compounds. For instance, no electrolyte salt is required for a shallow depth of shade, not more than 5 g/l of electrolyte salt is required for a medium depth of shade and not more than 10 g/l of electrolyte salt is required for deep shades.
• a shallow depth of shade refers to the use of 2% by weight of dye based on the substrate to be dyed
• a medium depth of shade refers to the use of 2 to 4% by weight based on the substrate to be dyed
• a deep shade refers to the use of 4 to 10% by weight of dye based on the substrate to be dyed.
• the dyeings and prints obtainable with the dye mixtures according to the invention possess bright shades; more particularly, the dyeings and prints on cellulose fiber materials possess good lightfastness and especially good wetfastnesses, such as fastness to washing, milling, water, seawater, crossdyeing and acidic and alkaline perspiration, also good fastness to pleating, hotpressing and rubbing. Furthermore, the cellulose dyeings obtained following the customary aftertreatment of rinsing to remove unfixed dye portions exhibit excellent wetfastnesses, in particular since unfixed dye portions are easily washed off because of their good solubility in cold water.
• the dye mixtures according to the invention can also be used for the fiber-reactive dyeing of wool.
• wool which has been given a nonfelting or low-felting finish (cf. for example H. Rath, Lehrbuch der Textilchemie, Springer-Verlag, 3rd edition (1972), pages 295-299, especially finished by the Hercosett process (page 298); J. Soc. Dyers and Colourists 1972, 93-99, and 1975, 33-44), can be dyed to very good fastness properties.
• the process of dyeing on wool is here carried out in a conventional manner from an acidic medium.
• acetic acid and/or ammonium sulfate or acetic acid and ammonium acetate or sodium acetate can be added to the dyebath to obtain the desired pH.
• a customary leveling agent for example a leveling agent based on a reaction product of cyanuric chloride with three times the molar amount of an aminobenzenesulfonic acid and/or of an aminonaphthalenesulfonic acid or on the basis of a reaction product of for example stearylamine with ethylene oxide.
• the dye mixture according to the invention is preferably subjected to the exhaust process initially from an acidic dyebath having a pH of about 3.5 to 5.5 under pH control and the pH is then, toward the end of the dyeing time, shifted into the neutral and optionally weakly alkaline range up to a pH of 8.5 to bring about, especially for very deep dyeings, the full reactive bond between the dyes of the dye mixtures according to the invention and the fiber. At the same time, the dye portion not reactively bound is removed.
• the procedure described herein also applies to the production of dyeings on fiber materials composed of other natural polyamides or of synthetic polyamides and polyurethanes.
• the material to be dyed is introduced into the bath at a temperature of about 40° C., agitated therein for some time, the dyebath is then adjusted to the desired weakly acidic, preferably weakly acetic acid, pH and the actual dyeing is carried out at a temperature between 60 and 98° C.
• the dyeings can also be carried out at the boil or in sealed dyeing apparatus at temperatures of up to 106° C. Since the water solubility of the dye mixtures according to the invention is very good, they can also be used with advantage in customary continuous dyeing processes.
• the color strength of the dye mixtures according to the invention is very high.
• the dye mixtures according to the invention dye the materials mentioned, preferably fiber materials, in navy to jet black shades having good fastness properties.
• the examples hereinbelow serve to illustrate the invention. Parts and percentages are by weight, unless otherwise stated. Parts by weight relate to parts by volume as the kilogram relative to the liter.
• the compounds described in the examples in terms of a formula are indicated in the form of the sodium salts, since they are generally prepared and isolated in the form of their salts, preferably sodium or potassium salts, and used for dyeing in the form of their salts.
• the starting compounds described in the examples hereinbelow can be used in the synthesis in the form of the free acid or likewise in the form of their salts, preferably alkali metal salts, such as sodium or potassium salts.
• the resulting dye mixture according to the invention provides jet black dyeings and prints, on cotton for example, under the dyeing conditions customary for reactive dyes.
• the reaction mixture is adjusted to a pH of 5-6 with sodium carbonate and, after the end of the coupling reaction, 1 10 parts of the yellow monoazo dye of the formula (IIIa-1) are added in the form of an aqueous solution to this reaction mixture, and the resulting 73:16:10 mixture of the dyes (IB), (IIC) and (IIIa-1) is isolated by spray drying.
• the dye solution obtained can also be buffered at pH 5.5-6 by addition of a phosphate buffer and be adjusted by further dilution or concentration to provide a liquid brand of defined strength.
• the resulting dye mixture according to the invention dyes cotton in black shades.
• 178 parts of 4-( ⁇ -sulfatoethylsulfonyl)aniline are suspended in 420 parts of ice-water and 115 parts of 30% hydrochloric acid and diazotized by dropwise addition of 110 parts of 40% sodium nitrite solution.
• 201 parts of 4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid are added and coupled in a first step at pH 1 to 1.3 at below 20° C. to form a red monoazo dye of formula (15-1).
• the stated pH range is set and maintained during the coupling reaction by addition of a total of about 90 parts of sodium bicarbonate.
• the pH is first adjusted to 1.5-2.5 using sodium bicarbonate and maintained, with acidic coupling to 3-amino-5-hydroxynapthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid producing a red monoazo dye of the formula (IID).
• a pH of 5-6 is established by adding sodium carbonate and the reaction mixtured obtained after the end of the second coupling reaction of the monoazo dye of the formula (15-1) is admixed with 100 parts of the yellow disazo dye of the formula (IIIe-1).
• the resulting dye mixture according to the invention dyes cotton in black shades.
• the resulting dye mixture according to the invention dyes cotton in black shades.
• the dye solution obtained can also be buffered at pH 5.5-6 by addition of a phosphate buffer and adjuted by further dilution or further concentration to provide a liquid brand of defined strength.
• the resulting dye mixture according to the invention dyes cotton in black shades.
• the pH is adjusted to 5-6 using sodium carbonate and the 67:23:10 mixture of the dyes (IB), (IIC) and (IIIb-1) obtained after the end of the second coupling reaction is isolated by spray drying.
• the resulting dye mixture according to the invention dyes cotton in black shades.
• Dye mixtures according to Example 3 Dye of gen. Dye of gen. Dye of gen.
• Example formula (I) formula (II) formula (III) Ratio (I):(II):(III) 136 (IA) (IIC) (IIIf-1) 75:15:10 137 (IB) (IIG) (IIIc-1) 68:22:10 138 (IC) (IIC) (IIIb-2) 72:18:10 139 (IC) (IIG) (IIIe-1) 70:20:10 140 (ID) (IIC) (IIIa-1) 73:16:11 141 (ID) (IIG) (IIIf-1) 74:16:10 142 (IE) (IIC) (IIIb-3) 75:15:10 143 (IE) (IIG) (IIIf-2) 73:17:10
• Dye mixtures according to Example 7 Dye of gen.
• Example formula (I) formula (II) Dye of gen.
• formula (III) Ratio (I):(II):(III) 156 (IB) (IIG) (IIIb-1) 73:17:10 157 (IF) (IIAG) 75:15:10 158 (IG) (IID) 72:18:10 159 (IG) (IIAH) (IIIb-5) 70:20:10
• a dye obtained according to example 1-7 2 parts are dissolved in 999 parts of water and 5 parts of sodium carbonate, 0,7 part of sodium hydroxide (in the form of a 32.5% aqueous solution) and optionally 1 part of a wetting agent are added.
• This dyebath is entered with 100 g of a cotton fabric. The temperature of the dyebath is first maintained at 25° C. for 10 minutes, then raised over 30 minutes to the final temperature (40-60° C.) and maintained at that level for a further 60-90 minutes. Thereafter, the dyed material is rinsed initially with tap water for 2 minutes and then with ion-free water for 5 minutes. The dyed material is neutralized at 40° C.

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