US20050188982A1 - Food cooking oven - Google Patents
Food cooking oven Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20050188982A1 US20050188982A1 US10/513,497 US51349704A US2005188982A1 US 20050188982 A1 US20050188982 A1 US 20050188982A1 US 51349704 A US51349704 A US 51349704A US 2005188982 A1 US2005188982 A1 US 2005188982A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- enclosure
- burner
- oven
- burning
- plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F24C15/00—Details
- F24C15/32—Arrangements of ducts for hot gases, e.g. in or around baking ovens
- F24C15/322—Arrangements of ducts for hot gases, e.g. in or around baking ovens with forced circulation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to ovens for cooking food.
- the invention relates to an oven for cooking food that comprises:
- Ovens of this type are already known in which, for example, the food for cooking is placed on trays disposed at a plurality of levels. In such ovens, the food must all cook at the same speed and with the same degree of cooking at all of the levels. It is therefore particularly important to ensure that heat is distributed uniformly within such ovens.
- a particular object of the present invention is to improve the uniformity with which heat is distributed within the enclosure of an oven of this type.
- an oven which, in addition to the characteristics mentioned above, is characterized by the fact that the heater device is placed facing the central space situated inside the circular path.
- the heat produced by the heater device is sucked in by the fan and then distributed around it in uniform manner. This contributes to considerably improving the distribution of heat throughout the volume of the enclosure.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic perspective view of an embodiment of an oven of the invention
- FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic section view of the oven shown in FIG. 1 , on the vertical plane perpendicular to its back wall, intersecting the back wall and the burner substantially in the middle;
- FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic section in a plane analogous to that of FIG. 2 , showing the burner of the oven shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 ;
- FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic plan view of the plate of the burner shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 ;
- FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic front view of a variant of the protective grid which, in certain variants of the oven of the invention, serves to protect its burner and its fan;
- FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic section view through the protective grid shown in FIG. 5 .
- the oven 1 of the invention comprises an enclosure 2 contained in a casing 3 .
- the casing 3 has means 4 for regulating temperature inside the enclosure 2 , and a door 5 for inserting food into the enclosure 2 .
- the enclosure 2 is substantially in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped having a front face 6 that is open or closed by the door 5 , a back wall 7 that is opposite the front wall 6 , two vertical side walls 8 between the front face 6 and the back wall 7 , and a bottom wall 9 and a ceiling 10 forming two horizontal walls.
- the oven 1 of the invention also comprises a heater device 11 , a fan 12 , a protective grid 13 , and slideways 14 .
- the fan 12 is mounted on the back wall 7 .
- the heater device 11 is placed inside the enclosure 2 facing the fan 12 .
- it is a burner for burning gas. It is fed with gas for burning by a duct 15 .
- the burner is ignited by an electrode 16 that is powered electrically by a wire 17 penetrating into the burner via the duct 15 .
- the burner is described in greater detail below with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 .
- the burner advantageously includes a flame control device 16 a, e.g. using ionization, that is connected to a control unit (not shown) by a wire 17 a.
- the gas for burning is advantageously a mixture of air and gas and it is delivered to the burner at small positive pressure.
- the fan 12 is constituted by a disk 18 centered on an axis of rotation 19 .
- the fan 12 has a plurality of blades 20 that are regularly distributed angularly around the axis of rotation 19 .
- the blades 20 are constituted, for example, by plane rectangular plates extending in planes that are substantially perpendicular to the disk 18 and that include the axis of rotation 19 . While they are being rotated, they follow a circular path centered on the axis of rotation 19 and defining a central space 21 .
- the fan 12 is rotated about the axis of rotation 19 by a motor 22 , e.g. an electric motor. It serves to distribute the heat energy within the enclosure 2 .
- the protective grid 13 extends in a vertical plane facing the disk 18 , in front of the burner 11 and the fan 12 , relative to the space 23 that is to receive the food to be heated and that is situated between the burner 11 and the door 5 .
- Each side wall 8 has one of the slideways 14 of each pair. These slideways 14 enable trays to be supported, which in turn serve to carry the food that is to be heated and/or cooked.
- the burner 11 is placed facing the central space 21 .
- a portion of the burner 11 penetrates into the central space 21 .
- the enclosure 2 includes an exhaust orifice 31 for exhausting gas contained inside the enclosure 2 .
- the burner 11 comprises a bowl 24 and a plate 25 .
- the bowl 24 and the plate 25 are made of brass.
- the bowl 24 is connected to the feed duct 15 and it is closed by the plate 25 on the side of the burner 11 that faces towards the back wall 7 of the enclosure 2 .
- the plate 25 is in the form of a ring with a central opening 26 which is extended, perpendicularly to the plate 25 to the bottom of the bowl 24 by a tube 27 .
- the plate 25 is substantially 15 millimeters (mm) in thickness.
- the zone of the ring that is situated between the central opening 26 and its periphery is pierced by orifices 28 that are regularly spaced apart on eight concentric circles A-H. These concentric circles have respective diameters of 66 mm, 74 mm, 82 mm, 90 mm, 98 mm, 106 mm, 114 mm, and 122 mm. On these circles, there are to be found respectively 32, 32, 40, 48, 48, 64, 64, and 64 orifices 28 .
- Each orifice 28 has a diameter that is substantially equal to 2.4 mm.
- the plate 25 includes a setback 29 having a depth that is substantially equal to 3 mm.
- the orifices 28 are not directly flush with the surface of the plate 25 and they are thus protected in part from the turbulence generated by the fan 12 .
- the shapes of the orifices 20 and of the setback 29 are adapted so that, under the effect of the fan 12 , the flames generated by burning the gas extend radially relative to the central opening 26 over 360°.
- the plate 25 also has two passages 30 for the igniting electrode 16 and for the flame control device 16 a.
- the burner of the invention can be varied in numerous ways without going beyond the ambit of the invention.
- the enclosure 2 has a front face and a rear face each of which can be opened or closed by a door.
- a fan 12 is mounted, for example, on at least one of the side walls 8 , and the heater device 11 is placed facing each fan 12 .
- a plurality of fans and a plurality of burners are placed on the same wall.
- the oven of the invention has a protective grid 13 of the kind shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 . Unlike the grid described above, this protective grid 13 is not restricted to an area corresponding to that facing the fan 12 .
- the protective grid 13 is supported by a metal frame 40 .
- the frame 40 extends over a major fraction of the opening in the internal cavity of the enclosure 2 in a plane parallel to the back wall 7 .
- the dimensions of the frame 40 are substantially equal to or greater than the dimensions of the fan 12 .
- the frame 40 may act as a reflector.
- the frame 40 is held within the enclosure 2 by tabs 41 engaging the bottom 9 and the ceiling 10 .
- the protective grid 13 and the frame 40 can be easily removed so as to be cleaned independently of the oven 1 .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
- Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
- General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
- Electric Ovens (AREA)
- Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a food cooking oven comprising a chamber, a turbine which is used to agitate the atmosphere in the chamber and a heating device which is disposed at the centre of the turbine.
Description
- The present invention relates to ovens for cooking food.
- More particularly, the invention relates to an oven for cooking food that comprises:
-
- an enclosure for receiving the food to be heated and for containing a cooking atmosphere, the enclosure having two horizontal walls forming respectively a bottom and a ceiling, interconnected by at least two vertical side walls, said enclosure being closed by at least one door that is also vertical;
- a heater device placed inside the enclosure; and
- a fan also placed inside the enclosure comprising at least one blade rotating about a central space, following a circular path centered on an axis of rotation in order to stir the cooking atmosphere heated by the heater device.
- Ovens of this type are already known in which, for example, the food for cooking is placed on trays disposed at a plurality of levels. In such ovens, the food must all cook at the same speed and with the same degree of cooking at all of the levels. It is therefore particularly important to ensure that heat is distributed uniformly within such ovens.
- A particular object of the present invention is to improve the uniformity with which heat is distributed within the enclosure of an oven of this type.
- To this end, according to the invention, an oven is provided which, in addition to the characteristics mentioned above, is characterized by the fact that the heater device is placed facing the central space situated inside the circular path.
- By means of these dispositions, the heat produced by the heater device is sucked in by the fan and then distributed around it in uniform manner. This contributes to considerably improving the distribution of heat throughout the volume of the enclosure.
- In preferred embodiments of the invention, recourse may optionally be had to one or more of the following dispositions:
-
- the axis of rotation is horizontal; thus, for example, the fan is mounted to rotate on one of the vertical walls of the enclosure;
- the heater device is an electric element or a burner for burning gas;
- in this last case, the burner comprises a bowl and a plate, the bowl being connected to a duct for feeding gas for burning, and being closed by the plate covering its face facing towards the wall of the enclosure on which the fan is mounted, the plate being provided with orifices for passing the gas for burning; the burner is thus oriented towards the wall of the enclosure on which the fan is mounted; thus, if the burner and the fan are protected merely by a simple grid, the heat generated by the burner is not emitted directly towards the food to be heated and/or cooked;
- the orifices in the plate of the burner are adapted so that the flames generated by burning the gas for burning are distributed over 360° about the axis of rotation;
- wires for electrically powering a device for lighting the gas of the burner pass within the feed duct; advantage is thus taken of the relatively low temperature that exists inside the feed duct, given that it is swept by the gas for burning, thereby protecting the electrical power supply wires contained therein;
- the plate is provided with an igniter electrode and with a flame control device, e.g. operating by ionization; and
- the oven includes a protective grid provided with a frame defining an opening of area greater than or substantially equal to the area of the fan when considered perpendicularly to the axis of rotation.
- Other aspects, objects, and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description of an embodiment thereof.
- The invention will also be better understood with the help of the drawings, in which:
-
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic perspective view of an embodiment of an oven of the invention; -
FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic section view of the oven shown inFIG. 1 , on the vertical plane perpendicular to its back wall, intersecting the back wall and the burner substantially in the middle; -
FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic section in a plane analogous to that ofFIG. 2 , showing the burner of the oven shown inFIGS. 1 and 2 ; -
FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic plan view of the plate of the burner shown inFIGS. 2 and 3 ; -
FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic front view of a variant of the protective grid which, in certain variants of the oven of the invention, serves to protect its burner and its fan; and -
FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic section view through the protective grid shown inFIG. 5 . - In the various figures, the same references are used to designate elements that are identical or similar.
- An embodiment of the oven of the invention is described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.
- As shown in
FIG. 1 , the oven 1 of the invention comprises anenclosure 2 contained in acasing 3. Thecasing 3 has means 4 for regulating temperature inside theenclosure 2, and adoor 5 for inserting food into theenclosure 2. - The
enclosure 2 is substantially in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped having afront face 6 that is open or closed by thedoor 5, aback wall 7 that is opposite thefront wall 6, twovertical side walls 8 between thefront face 6 and theback wall 7, and abottom wall 9 and aceiling 10 forming two horizontal walls. - As shown in
FIG. 2 , the oven 1 of the invention also comprises aheater device 11, afan 12, aprotective grid 13, andslideways 14. Thefan 12 is mounted on theback wall 7. - The
heater device 11 is placed inside theenclosure 2 facing thefan 12. Advantageously it is a burner for burning gas. It is fed with gas for burning by aduct 15. The burner is ignited by anelectrode 16 that is powered electrically by awire 17 penetrating into the burner via theduct 15. The burner is described in greater detail below with reference toFIGS. 3 and 4 . - The burner advantageously includes a
flame control device 16 a, e.g. using ionization, that is connected to a control unit (not shown) by awire 17 a. - The gas for burning is advantageously a mixture of air and gas and it is delivered to the burner at small positive pressure.
- The
fan 12 is constituted by adisk 18 centered on an axis ofrotation 19. At the periphery of thedisk 18, thefan 12 has a plurality ofblades 20 that are regularly distributed angularly around the axis ofrotation 19. Theblades 20 are constituted, for example, by plane rectangular plates extending in planes that are substantially perpendicular to thedisk 18 and that include the axis ofrotation 19. While they are being rotated, they follow a circular path centered on the axis ofrotation 19 and defining acentral space 21. Thefan 12 is rotated about the axis ofrotation 19 by amotor 22, e.g. an electric motor. It serves to distribute the heat energy within theenclosure 2. - The
protective grid 13 extends in a vertical plane facing thedisk 18, in front of theburner 11 and thefan 12, relative to thespace 23 that is to receive the food to be heated and that is situated between theburner 11 and thedoor 5. - Ten pairs of
slideways 14 are disposed substantially horizontally on theside walls 8. Eachside wall 8 has one of theslideways 14 of each pair. Theseslideways 14 enable trays to be supported, which in turn serve to carry the food that is to be heated and/or cooked. - The
burner 11 is placed facing thecentral space 21. Advantageously, a portion of theburner 11 penetrates into thecentral space 21. Theenclosure 2 includes anexhaust orifice 31 for exhausting gas contained inside theenclosure 2. - As shown in
FIG. 3 , theburner 11 comprises abowl 24 and aplate 25. Advantageously thebowl 24 and theplate 25 are made of brass. - The
bowl 24 is connected to thefeed duct 15 and it is closed by theplate 25 on the side of theburner 11 that faces towards theback wall 7 of theenclosure 2. - As shown in
FIG. 4 , theplate 25 is in the form of a ring with acentral opening 26 which is extended, perpendicularly to theplate 25 to the bottom of thebowl 24 by atube 27. Theplate 25 is substantially 15 millimeters (mm) in thickness. The zone of the ring that is situated between thecentral opening 26 and its periphery is pierced byorifices 28 that are regularly spaced apart on eight concentric circles A-H. These concentric circles have respective diameters of 66 mm, 74 mm, 82 mm, 90 mm, 98 mm, 106 mm, 114 mm, and 122 mm. On these circles, there are to be found respectively 32, 32, 40, 48, 48, 64, 64, and 64orifices 28. Eachorifice 28 has a diameter that is substantially equal to 2.4 mm. - The
plate 25 includes asetback 29 having a depth that is substantially equal to 3 mm. As a result, theorifices 28 are not directly flush with the surface of theplate 25 and they are thus protected in part from the turbulence generated by thefan 12. The shapes of theorifices 20 and of thesetback 29 are adapted so that, under the effect of thefan 12, the flames generated by burning the gas extend radially relative to thecentral opening 26 over 360°. - The
plate 25 also has twopassages 30 for the ignitingelectrode 16 and for theflame control device 16 a. - The burner of the invention can be varied in numerous ways without going beyond the ambit of the invention.
- Thus, in a variant that is not shown, the
enclosure 2 has a front face and a rear face each of which can be opened or closed by a door. Under such circumstances, afan 12 is mounted, for example, on at least one of theside walls 8, and theheater device 11 is placed facing eachfan 12. - In other variants, a plurality of fans and a plurality of burners are placed on the same wall.
- In yet other variants, the oven of the invention has a
protective grid 13 of the kind shown inFIGS. 5 and 6 . Unlike the grid described above, thisprotective grid 13 is not restricted to an area corresponding to that facing thefan 12. Theprotective grid 13 is supported by ametal frame 40. Theframe 40 extends over a major fraction of the opening in the internal cavity of theenclosure 2 in a plane parallel to theback wall 7. The dimensions of theframe 40 are substantially equal to or greater than the dimensions of thefan 12. Thus, the cooking atmosphere flows inside theenclosure 2 by being sucked towards the center of thefan 12 inside theframe 40, and then blown away at the periphery of thefan 12 outside theframe 40. Theframe 40 may act as a reflector. By way of example, theframe 40 is held within theenclosure 2 bytabs 41 engaging thebottom 9 and theceiling 10. In some variants, theprotective grid 13 and theframe 40 can be easily removed so as to be cleaned independently of the oven 1.
Claims (8)
1. An oven for cooking food, the oven comprising:
an enclosure for receiving the food to be heated and for containing a cooking atmosphere, the enclosure having two horizontal walls forming respectively a bottom and a ceiling, interconnected by at least two vertical side walls, said enclosure being closed by at least one door that is also vertical;
a heater device placed inside the enclosure; and
a fan also placed inside the enclosure comprising at least one blade rotating about a central space, following a circular path centered on an axis of rotation in order to stir the cooking atmosphere heated by the heater device;
the oven whereby the heater device is placed facing the central space situated inside the circular path.
2. An oven according to claim 1 , in which the axis of rotation is horizontal.
3. An oven according to claim, in which the heater device is a burner for burning gas.
4. An oven according to claim 3 , in which the burner comprises a bowl and a plate, the bowl being connected to a duct for feeding gas for burning, and being closed by the plate covering its face facing towards the wall of the enclosure on which the fan is mounted, the plate being provided with orifices for passing the gas for burning.
5. An oven according to claim 4 , in which the orifices in the plate of the burner are adapted so that the flames generated by burning the gas for burning are distributed over 3600 about the axis of rotation.
6. An oven according to claim 4 , in which wires for electrically powering a device for lighting the gas of the burner pass within the feed duct.
7. An oven according to claim 4 , in which the plate is provided with an igniter electrode and with a flame control device.
8. An oven according to claim 1 , including a protective grid provided with a frame defining an opening of area greater than or substantially equal to the area of the fan when considered perpendicularly to the axis of rotation.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0205714A FR2839546B1 (en) | 2002-05-07 | 2002-05-07 | OVEN FOR COOKING FOOD |
FR01/05714 | 2002-05-07 | ||
PCT/FR2003/001416 WO2003098117A1 (en) | 2002-05-07 | 2003-05-07 | Food cooking oven |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20050188982A1 true US20050188982A1 (en) | 2005-09-01 |
Family
ID=29286354
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/513,497 Abandoned US20050188982A1 (en) | 2002-05-07 | 2003-05-07 | Food cooking oven |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20050188982A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1502058B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2005524824A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1653300A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE385303T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003260541B2 (en) |
CA (2) | CA2484063C (en) |
DE (1) | DE60318940T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2300605T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2839546B1 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA04010794A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003098117A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2891702B1 (en) * | 2005-10-07 | 2007-12-21 | Bourgeois Prod Coop | DEVICE FOR HEATING AND PRODUCTION OF STEAM FOR OVEN |
FR2970559A1 (en) * | 2011-01-19 | 2012-07-20 | Bourgeois | HEATING DEVICE WITH MEANS FOR PRODUCING STEAM |
KR101980539B1 (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2019-05-21 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Gas Oven |
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US2758636A (en) * | 1952-04-04 | 1956-08-14 | American Air Filter Co | Demountable burner |
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-
2002
- 2002-05-07 FR FR0205714A patent/FR2839546B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-05-07 CA CA002484063A patent/CA2484063C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-05-07 MX MXPA04010794A patent/MXPA04010794A/en unknown
- 2003-05-07 ES ES03752790T patent/ES2300605T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-05-07 AT AT03752790T patent/ATE385303T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-05-07 CA CA2625276A patent/CA2625276C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-05-07 DE DE60318940T patent/DE60318940T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-05-07 CN CN03810194.7A patent/CN1653300A/en active Pending
- 2003-05-07 AU AU2003260541A patent/AU2003260541B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-05-07 EP EP03752790A patent/EP1502058B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-05-07 WO PCT/FR2003/001416 patent/WO2003098117A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2003-05-07 US US10/513,497 patent/US20050188982A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-05-07 JP JP2004505602A patent/JP2005524824A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (30)
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US3744474A (en) * | 1971-03-01 | 1973-07-10 | Beatrice Foods Co | Steam cooking apparatus and method |
US3780721A (en) * | 1971-04-30 | 1973-12-25 | Burger Eisenwerke Ag | Circulating-air oven with filter |
US4295034A (en) * | 1977-12-06 | 1981-10-13 | Grossag Gmbh | Hot air grill |
US4415799A (en) * | 1979-07-27 | 1983-11-15 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Multi-function oven with control circuit for operation during fermentation of yeast containing product |
US4369760A (en) * | 1980-09-22 | 1983-01-25 | Northland Aluminum Products, Inc. | Portable oven air circulator |
US4477706A (en) * | 1982-07-19 | 1984-10-16 | Control Data Corporation | Combination microwave/convection and broiling oven |
US4648377A (en) * | 1986-05-01 | 1987-03-10 | Hobart Corporation | Gas convection oven and heat exchanger therefor |
US4870254A (en) * | 1986-05-15 | 1989-09-26 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Hot air circulating cooker |
US4671250A (en) * | 1986-07-28 | 1987-06-09 | Thermo Electron Corporation | Direct-firing gas convection oven |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE60318940T2 (en) | 2009-01-29 |
CA2625276A1 (en) | 2003-11-27 |
FR2839546A1 (en) | 2003-11-14 |
CN1653300A (en) | 2005-08-10 |
ES2300605T3 (en) | 2008-06-16 |
AU2003260541B2 (en) | 2006-08-24 |
MXPA04010794A (en) | 2005-03-07 |
AU2003260541A1 (en) | 2003-12-02 |
WO2003098117A1 (en) | 2003-11-27 |
CA2625276C (en) | 2011-01-04 |
CA2484063A1 (en) | 2003-11-27 |
EP1502058B1 (en) | 2008-01-30 |
EP1502058A1 (en) | 2005-02-02 |
CA2484063C (en) | 2009-04-07 |
JP2005524824A (en) | 2005-08-18 |
DE60318940D1 (en) | 2008-03-20 |
FR2839546B1 (en) | 2006-09-22 |
ATE385303T1 (en) | 2008-02-15 |
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